Clinton News Record, 1944-01-27, Page 6•
, •
xpert 1nd5 MuLcfllflg an
Aid in Vegetable Garden
According to Dr. V. A. Tiedjens,
associate professor of vegetable Pro-
duction at Rutgers university, you
can cut the necessary labor involved
in the vegetable garden to a mini-
mum by the application of a mulch.
On areas where plants are to be
set into the garden, the mulch may
be applied as soon as the area is
plowed and harrowed. Where seed
is to be sown, the space may be
mulched as soon as the. young plants
are well above the ground. This
treatment eliminates a large part
of the weed control measures oth-
erwise necessary.
Dr. Tiedjens' experimental work
with mulching has shown that the
practice also results in better
yields. With tomatoes, for exam-
ple, some of the mulched plots have
yielded almost twice as many to-
matoes as plots where clean cultiva-
tion was practiced. Bagasse, a by-
product of sugar cane, was found
tobe most effective on tomatoes.
Other materials in the order of their
suitability were found to be dry
clover hay, wheat straw, salt hay
and freshly cut green hay. Dr. Tied-
jens recommends a layer two to four
inches deep if hay is used, but says
that two inches of finely cut ma-
terial is usually enough. Three tons
of straw to the acre will give good
coverage, but this may have to be
reinforced later.
"Mulching also has other advan-
tages," Dr. Tiedjens points out, "in
that it keeps soil cool during hot
weather, it prevents puddling during
rainy seasons, and it also adds to
the fertility of the soil."
Gardener Can Plant Many
Vegetables for Variety
Some persons who try to depend
on the home garden for all their
fresh vegetables complain that there
is not enough variety on the dinner
table. The season usually starts
with spinach, followed by a week or
two of peas, then early beets and
carrots, a few weeks of snap beans,
and finally sweet corn, tomatoes,
and cabbage.
All these are tasty enough, but
even the best lose their appeal if
they appear on the table day after
day. Planting some of the lesser
known vegetables and repeated
plantings of the fast-growing kinds
will break the monotony.
Do not fail to try some of the less -
well -known vegetables. No garden-
er should be without broccoli. The
plants can be set late in April to last
until August. A second planting
made in July will yield until No.
veznber. A row or two of bush lima
beans and edible soybeans may be
planted late in May. Kohlrabi can
be grown throughout the summer.
For a fall crop, plant cauliflower
and brussels sprouts early in July
and Chinese cabbage two weeks lat-
er. The gardener may wish to try
red cabbage and savoy cabbage
along with Danish cabbage, as they
are easy to grow and keep well in
storage.
1 States Fax Incomes
Revenues from state incbnie taxes
have assumed new importance since
the national economy has been
geared to war, and they undoubted-
ly will increase in amount and im-
portance as revenues from excise
taxes falloff. '
After reaching a high of nearly
$400,000,000 in 1938, based on 1937
incomes, collections for 1939 fell to
approximately $330,000,000. But in
succeeding fiscal years income tax
collections increased at an acceler-
ated rate, passing the $400,000,000
znark in 1941 and the $500,00D,000
Mark in 1942,
I It should be noted that individual
State income tax collections made
virtually no gains from 1941 to 1942,
whereas corporation income taxes
jumped from $153,000,000 to $269,-
000,000, an increase of 65 per cent,
Spider's Fine Hair Silk
Used in U. S. Bomb Sights
The fine hair-like silk from the
web of a spider common in Central
America and the souther United
States is used in bomb sights and
optical instruments. It forms the
reticle, or crosslines in the focus ot,
the instrument, which' indicates to
the bombardier when to drop the
bombs, or to the submarine corn -
mender when to fire the torpedo.
Spider silk is used because it is
exceedingly strong, is finer than silk-,
worm silk,, and will return to its orig-
inal shape after stretching. One
square inch of silk woven together
will support about 90,000 pounds.
Hose made from it would be too
sheer to see, and the thread is so
fine that it would require nearly
$100 worth of silk to make one pair
of women's hose, although commer-
cially it costs only $5 for 1,200 feet.
It is not profitable to raise spiders
for their sills because spiders feed
on each other, and the business of
keeping them isolated would be tre-
mendous. It also requires special
training to get the sills, which is
often a bright buttercup yellow.
The silk collector has a harness,
and a saddle which will fit the spider
and keep it from getting away. Then
he touches a tiny stick to the spi-
der's spinneret and pulls it away
from the spider's :body gently. As
he does so, the spider begins to
spin. The collector attaches the
thread to a reel and winds it up.
The spider can spin about 200 feet
at one time, Dr. Frost said.
Manure ad Pruning WiII
_
• Restore Life to Orchards
According to a recent survey, fruit
trees were found on more than: 95
per cent of the farms. However,
many of these orchards have a run-
down appearance owing to lack of.
vigor.
This defect can, be corrected by
the application of manure and a
moderate degree of pruning. Manure
should be applied, at once, spread-
ing it on the surface beneath the
tree friarn the trunk to a little be-
yond the ends of the branches in
about double the amount used for
general farm crops.
Pruning should vary with species
and ages of trees. Older apple'
trees should be pruned moderately
by (1) sawing out waterspouts, (2)
removing weak, drooping laterals in
the lower third of the tree and (3)
thinning out the head by removing
lateral branches. Young apple trees
should be pruned lightly. Pears and
cherries should be pruned very lit-
tle. Peaches should be pruned more
severely than apples.
Rough, flaky bark should be
scraped off the trunks and larger
framework branches of older apple
trees to kill the codling moth (apple
worm) larvae hibernating beneath.
A heavy file or rasp is a good tool
to use for this work. The point of
a file can be used to clean out
rough bark in the crotches. Trees
need to be sprayed several times
during the season to control insects
and diseases,
Marines -Steeled Against
Hardships at Guadalcanal
The marines were steeled to en-
dure the terrific tempo of their rec-
ord siege of Guadalcanal by training
which prepares them for any fight-
ing conditions. In their main bivouac
area many lived under tiny pup
tents, some in caves, and a few in
crudely constructed tin - roofed
houses. All had fox -holes into which
they burrowed while bombs and
shells poured down. At the front
they lived in slit trenches.
By day, when it wasn't raining,
the sun was so hot that the marines
sweltered as they drew beads on the
enemy. By night seepy, tropical
rains chilled the men and left them
lying in water and mud. Mosquitoes
were inescapable. "You almost
needed a blood transfusion when one
got through with you," some ma-
rines said. They slept fully clothed,
rifles at hand.
However, the marines managed
some time for relaxation—swim-
ming, fishing, card sessions, short-
wave broadcasts from home, collect-
ing souvenirs, and reading and writ-
ing letters.
For many days after the initial
landing no mail carne. When it did,
a post office was set up in an olds
barn, probably the most popular
building on the island. Days of mail
arrival were banner ones.
Sensitive to Frost
Potatoes and sweet corn are sensi-
tive to frost, but are not damaged as
easily as tender crops such as beans,
tomatoes, cucumbers, peppers, mel-
ons, pumpkins and squash. The po-
tatoes and corn will continue to
grow even if the tips are nipped
by light frost. Celery and cauli-
flower also withstand some cold. The
tender crops such as tomato and
pepper plants should be set out only
late in May after danger of killing •
frost is past. Seeds of tender crops
such as cucumbers, squash and mel-
ons may be planted a little earlier
than the plants are set out, as it will
take several days for the seedlings
to break through the ground. Gar-
deners who have the time may wish
to protect a few early plants with
"hotkaps," baskets, or other covers.
Assure Drivers' Responsibility
Indiana law requires motorists in-
volved in accidents to guarantee
payment of damages and show
financial ability, in the form of lia-
bility insurance or bond, to pay dam-
ages they may be charged with in
the future. Utah motorists who fail
to settle judgments for damages
must, under a new state law, pro-
vide proof of ability to pay in the
future before they can pbtain driver
licenses. The Oregon law is similar.
Other legislation governing motor-
iats includes a Nebraska measure
passed by the legislature allowing
fines up to $100 for a first conviction
of reckless driving; and a Delaware
measure defming as reckless driving
violations of a' law requiring that
' motorists stop at intersection 'blink-
er lights.
Game Seek Flood Shelter
Iowa conservation officers who re-
cently evacuated people from flood-
ed Missouri river bottoms, had a
chance to observe first-hand the ef-
fect of such floods on game. They
report that wildlife on flooded areas
does one of four things: It escapes
to high ground, climbs trees, finds
safety on floating logs, or drowns.
Near the Missouri bluffs, much of
the game population reached higher
ground, but loss by drowning was
great in the bottoms. Many cotton-
tail rabbits were observed crouch-
ing on floating logs. Some trees pre-
sented strange sights, harboring
such species as ground' sqtdrrels,
mice, woodchucks, quail, pheasants
and skunks.
Fie jackrabbits sought refuge on
the narrow right-of-way of a rail-
road—the only land above water for
miles. Each train would send the
rabbits scurrying ahead until, ex-
hausted, they would jump to one
aide to allow the train to pass,
Equip Armies With Trees
Five mature trees are required to
equip every man in our armed
forces. One is needed for his liv-
ing quarters, mess hall, chapel and
recreational facilities. Another pro-
vides the wooden crates necessary
in shipping him food, clothing, guns,
tanks and ammunition. Wood from
the three remaining trees is used
for , making necessary equipment
used in waging modern warfare;
wood cellulose in high explosives,
wood in training planes, wood in gun
stocks, shipyards, factories, and
many other essential items.
By the end of 1942 some 20 million
trees were said to have been in
the war industry, backing up our
fighting forces. If these trees were
standing 10 abreast and 10 feet apart
they would reach from New York
to San Francisco.
T Military
est qu pment
In Box 78° Below Zero
In a man-made Arctic at North-
western uniarersity's Technological
institute, engineers are making tests
of military equipment in tempera-
tures 78 degrees below zero.
The tests are conducted in a newly
completed "low temperature room"
which makes the North pole's 50
degrees below seem almost balmy
by comparison. The room, which is
large enough to accommodate a
tank, produces temperatures be-
lieved by scientists to be the low-
est ever attained for full-scale re-
search.
The cold is so intense that water
poured from a glass turns to ice
cryatals before it strikes the floor and
immediately builds up into the form
of a stalagmite. Many metals be-
come brittle and break like glass
when subjected to the low tempera-
tures of the room. Research engi-
neers don heavy fur -lined suits when
entering the sub -polar temperatures
to conduct tests.
Although the huge ice box has
just been placed hi operation, it is
already being used to develop and
perfect polar equipment for Ameri-
can fighting men, a new self-con-
tained heating unit for heating air-
plane engines and cabins in *the
Arctic, being among the first tested.
States Cut Income Taxes
The 25 pr cent cut in New York's
individual income tax payments, by
far the largest in the United States,
offset increased collections in other
states to hold down the 1942 total
individual income tax collections.
Iowa followed in 1943 with a 50 per
cent cut, while South Dakota and
West Virginia repealed their laws
this year. South Dakota, however,
will collect on 1942 'income. Ore-
gon has made several changes in its
laws which, it is estimated, will re-
duce taxes on 1943 income in that
state by as much as a third.
The tendency for income tax col-
lections to rise in the future will be
offset by several factors. Legisla-
tures of states with large cash bal-
ances may repeal taxes or slash
rates. Deduction of federal taxes,
permitted in most states levying the
state income tax, will have an ad-
verse effect on collections, particu-
larly in states which derive large
revenues from taxing corporate M -
come, although the full effect of re-
cent increases will not be felt until
1944. More and more potential tax-
payers are entering the armed
forces, thereby reducing their tax-
able income almost to the vanishing
Painful Sound
For a point of reference the
threshold of immediately painful
sound varies between 112 and 129
decibels, depending on the frequens
cy (a, decibel is a unit of hearing,
one decibel being the least intensity
of sound at which any given note
can be heard). The higher the fre-
quency the lower the threshold of
painful sound. An airplane propel-
ler has an intensity level of approxi-
mately 120 decibels. A rivet ham-
mer or a chipping hammer may be,
estimated at 115 to 140 decibels,
depending on the distance from the
hammer at which the noise level is,
taken. In comparison, conversation-
al speech at 10 to 20 feet varies
from 06 to 30 decibels.
U. S. Produces Camphor
The United States today uses more
than 5,000,000 pounds of camphor a
year—and practically all of it comes
from our Southern pine trees. The
largest requirement is for the so-
called technical grade for manufac-
ture of cellulose nitrate plastics,
used in making pen and pencil sets,
heels for women's shoes, photo-
graphic film and some war prod-
ucts. More than 1,000,000 pounds of
the USP grade of camphor are used,
principally in the pharmaceutical
field. Less than a decade ago, Ja-
pan had a monopoly on natural cam-
phor, distilled from the wood of
camphor trees grown on the island of
Formosa.
Cucumbers Like Loam
Due to the prevalence of insects
and diseases, the growing of cucum-
bers is a little difficult. Do not
plant cucumbers on land that has
been recently used for melons,
pumpkins, squash or cucutribers, as
this increases the danger from in-
sects and disease.. Cucumbers can
be grown on almost any good soil,
but a sandy loam is 'ideal. Good
drainage, together with moisture -
holding power, is essential in soils
on which cucumbers are to be
grown. To grow cucumbers of good
quality and that yield heavily, it is
necessary to provide a complete
diet, through application of a coin-
pIete plant food.
r.armer flou1d ieep boolcs
To Figure Incoine Taxes
The , unportance of keepiug rec-
ords was impressed upon farm fain -
dies who made their first federal
income tax returns this year. Ac-
curate records throu'ghout the year
eliminate guesshig items of income
and expenditure, or the tedious task
of searching for receipts or scat-
tered memoranda to determine the
taxable income and deductions.
Income on a farm subject to, tax
includes all cash and value of .mer-
chandise received from sale of live-
stock, livestock products, crops and
other sources, together with cash
and value of •znerchandise received
for' work and other services out-
side of the farm. All AAA pay-
ments received should 'be included,
Deductions allowable in determin-
ing the net farm business profit in-
clude cost of livestock, livestock
products, and crops purchaned which
are sold within the year. If de-
sired, depreciation may be taken
also on livestock for'work, breeding,
os dairy purposes. An ordinary and
necessary expenses in feeding and
raising livestock, as well as other
disbursements in crop production,
and cultivating and processing
should be included. Depreciation on
fawn buildings, (except residence),
permanent improvements, machin-
ery and equipment should not be
overlooked. Depreciation on small
orchards, usual charge on small
tools, death losses of purchased live-
stock, and state, county, school, poll
and gasoline taxes, as well as auto
and truck licenses are proper de-
ductions.
This Moth's Sporty Chap;
Trims Cocoon With Color
The "case -making" moth isn't an
ordinary pest. He's a sporty chap
with a flair for color in his raiment.
And in some of your classy woolens
he looks quite expensive at times.
According to cedar chest manu-
facturers who have had him under
the microscope on occasion, 4 he's
really the Beau Brummel of the
clothes moth family that annually
eats up millions of dollars of the
public's best woolens and furs.
The microscope wielders explain
that this particular moth spins a
portable case about himself and
rarely leaves his protective cover-
ing during the larvae stages. When
he feeds he carries the case with
him, It's a sort of miniature mail-
ing tube arrangement.
When he wants to rest he pulls
in his head and „front sections and
snuggles down to digest choice bits
of a wool sweater or coat, which
you may have left hanging within
easy reach. Wool being a fattening
moth food, he eventually finds his
case too snug for comfort and slit-
ting his wrap-around here and there
he inserts triangular gores of some
of the flashy colors found in your
wardrobe. In other words, he uses
part of the material he gets from
your clothes to make the altera-
tions necessary in his own.
Attacks Cucumber
The striped cucumber beetle is
the most troublesome insect that at-
tacks the cucumber. To control,
dust with calcium arsenate mixed
with gypsum. Make the first dust-
ing over the hill when the seedlings
coming through the soil cause the
ground to crack. Then follow with
a series of dustings, three days
apart. As few as five dustings may
suffice, although often it is wise to
continue until 15 have been made,
At each application, dust the mid-
dle of the hill and growing tips of
vines. If you have no dust gun or
other applicator, a perforated tin
can will serve the purpose.
Pick Cucumbers Often
Cucumbers planted from June 1
to 10 will begin to produce fruits
in late July or early August, It is
important that fruits be harvested
every one to four days because any
maturing 'fruits reduce the produc-
tion of new blossoms materially.
While tests show the total yield will
be larger if picked every second,
third, or fourth day, the largest per-
centage of pickling size is secured
if picked every day. To keep vines
bearing, fruits should be removed
before they have attained two inches
in size. Avoid careless picking as
this tears and breaks the vines.
Oil Deposits
By finding the microscopic pat-
tern of various kinds of rocks, a sci-
entist has discovered that certain
kinds of rocks or sands, formed dur-
ing mountain -making motions of the
earth, produce the type of oil found
in California. Milder motions of the
earth produce the oil-bearing sand of
the eastern United States and most
of the Gulf coast. In relatively
quiet periods of the earth's evolu-
tion oil rock or sand is formed
which now gives us the oil of most inactive.
Silk Raised in America
During Early Colonial Era
Wartime clamp in the world's aills
trade has revived interest in do-
mestic silk culture on a commercial
scale. An experiment is on in New
Jersey where 4,000 cocoons are feed-
ing on a' plantation of mulberry
trees. The silk yield has been com-
pared to the best foreign products.
Novel as the idea of a home-bred
silk industry may seem, silk cul-
ture made news in America more
than three centuries ago, and silk
figured as an American export long
before the nation was born.
A "directive" from the Colonial
Assembly, in 1623, required the
planting of mulberry trees. An act
passed in 1656 rated silk the most
profitable product of the colonies. By'
that act "every planter who should
fail to plant at least ten mulberry
trees for every hundred acres of
land in his possession" was pena-
lized ten pounds of tobacco.
This hint with teeth in it must
have stirred action on the home
front, for in 1828 the secretary of
the treasury was writing about the
growth and manufacture of silk. Vir-
ginia was the first proving ground
of silk culture in America. The first
silk exportation is' credited to Geor-
gia. Eight pounds of raw silk were
shipped from Savannah to England
in 1735. A year later Georgia's
trustees noted in their manuscript
books: "The raw silk from Geor-
gia, organized by Sir Thomas
Lombe, was made into a piece of
silk and presented to the queen."
Green Lumber Durable
For Farm Construction
Farmers who cannot get seasoned
lumber for buildings may make farm
structures of unseasoned timber
from their own woodlots, with the
knowledge that these buildings will
last.
Hundreds of farm buildings made
of ,green lumber are still standing
after scores of years of service.
Farm barns to pig -pens, these struc-
tures have filled a need which might
never have been filled if farmers
had waited for seasoned materials.
Either softwoods or hardwoods
can be used. After the logs have
been cut and sawed, the lumber
should be piled at least a foot off
the ground, with spacers between
layers, and covered with roofing
paper, old boards, or straw, to pre-
vent warping and checking.
Green lumber used in vertical sid-
ing will last well. A few months
after a building is completed, joints
should be inspected and nails should
be reset or added if necessary. The
buildings can be painted after they
have been in service for one year.
Use Dynamite for Clearance
About 5,000,000 pounds of dyna-
mite are used annually for agricul-
tural purposes such as ditching, land
clearing, drainage, irrigation, stump
blasting and road construction in
lumber camps. One farm use of this
highly mobile and versatile engi-
neering tool Is for tree planting for
orchards in clay soils. Small
charges, one-fourth to one-half
pound, placed at a depth of about
30 inches, are fired when the ground
is dry. This loosens the surround-
ing soil so thoroughly that when the
young tree is planted its root -growth
is greatly facilitated, and the tree
often comes into bearing a year or
two earlier than those planted in
holes not so treated.
Frost Hits Cucumbers
Cucumbers are very susceptible
to frost injury and planting in the
open must be delayed until danger
of frost is past. Paper caps or cov-
ers may be used to protect the
young plants, and by this method a
week to ten days may be gained in
earliness of planting. The soil
should be fairly warm before seed
is planted. Some growers follow
the practice of planting three lots of
seed, planting the first lot ten days
or two weeks before the date of the
last killing frost, the second lot a
week later, and the third after both
the first and second lots have ap-
peared above the ground. If the
first planting is not lost, it gives
an extra -early crop.
Curculios Feed on Fruit
just after plums, cherries and
peaches are through blooming, the
plum curculio appears, This is a
small, hard -shelled beetle that scars
and deforms fruit and lays eggs that
hatch into grubs which feed inside
the fruit. Found in most orchards
east of the Rocky mountains, these
beetles have the habit of dropping
to the ground when disturbed. If a
canvas or sheet is placed beneath the
tree and the tree then jarred with
a padded pole or mallet, many of
the beetles can be caught and de-
stroyed. Jarring is best done in the
cool of the morning when insects are
of the mid-continent, and east
Texas.
Says Desert Isn't sand
Desert shieks and sirens and even
the famed Foreign Legion have been
debunked. And now conies a Uni-
versity of Illinois chemist debunk-
ing the Tunisian desert itself. The
desert isn't sand at all, says Lieut,
John Cressman. It's powdered dirt,
powdered fine as face powder, and
only a few inches deep. Beneath that
- is a solid clay, very solid, says the
chemist, who analyticallydescnibes
the desert as an excellent battle-
ground for mechanized war and not
good for anything else.
Poor man's Fertilizer
A fall of snow in late spring is
a "poor man's fertilizer." The old
saying is "Snow is the poor man's
manure." Snow is particularly
beneficial in early winter and late
spring to insulate and protect plants
from the effects of alternate frees-
ing and thawing that heaves up the
crown and breaks it loose from the
roots. Snow at any time adds wa-
ter and raises soil temperature or
checks the penetration of cold and
is a very desinable cover; but is 01
greatest benefit dining alternate
freezing and thawing periods in the
spring when soil is full of moisture.
Economists Say Farmers'
Income Isn't All Profit
City residents who pay high re
tail prices for food and who read
newspaper stories condemning the
farrn bloc in congres,s are likely to
id
get the ea that owning a farm is
the next best thing to having a pipe-
line into the Fort Knox gold re-
serve, but rural economist§ declare
there are many ways of getting
rich faster than by farming.
During the first quarter, farm-
ers actually were receiving for
farm products only an average of
10.9 per cent more purchasing pow-
er for their goods than they re-
ceived in 1910-14. Farm prices have
risen more than 10,9 per cent but
so have farm labor costs and prices
for goods which the farmer must
buy to continue operations.
Ohio farmers who had nothing but
grain and hay to sell in the past year
had less purchasing power than they
would have obtained by selling the,
same products in 1910-14. Livestock
producers enjoyed the greatest eco-
nomic advantage, but most of Ohio's
livestockmen produce quite a large
part of the grain fed to their ani-
mals so the gain Made on livestock
sales was partly lost in the produc-
tion of feed.
City consumers do not look behind
the price they pay over the retail
counter, and fail to consider that
farmers now get an average of only
52 cents out of each dollar the buyer
pays for food at retail. The other
48 cents of each dollar is added to
the price that the farmer was paid
for producing the food and hauling
it to market.
Rabbits Are Good Source
Of Food; Easy to Raise
Rabbits are a good wartime source
of meat, because the animals pro-
duce rapidly, because they can be
raised in small numbers and be-
cause they can easily be taken care
of by the average family.
The domestic rabbit is noted for
producing meat at a rapid and eco-
nomical rate, utilizing much food
about the home which otherwise
would be wasted. Three or four
does, if properly handled, will sup-
ply ample rabbit meat for the av-
erage family.
One doe, given proper food and
care, should produce during a year's
time about 18 to 24 young. The
young, if properly fed, will weigh
31/2 to 4 pounds at two months of
age. Rabbits are ravenous eaters,
and this ability to consume large
amounts of feed in proportion to
their weight enables them to grow
at a rapid rate and to produce meat
economically.
t
Mahogany Grows 10 Tropics
Mahogany grows only in fairly
specific areas. One is the West In-
dies, particularly Cuba, Santo Do-
mingo and Jamaica, with the same
variety occurring in small quanti-
ties in the southern tip of Florida.
On the American continent mahog-
any ranges from southern Mexico,
northern Guatemala and British
Honduras through Central America
to northern Colombia and Venezuela.
About 20 years ago mahogany was
found on rivers tributary to the up-
per Amazon in Brazil and Peru, Af-
rican mahogany is produced on the
Ivory Coast, the Gold Coast and in
Nigeria in West Africa and is found
in certain parts of East Africa.
Woods alleged to be mahogany but
corning from other than these re-
gions, are not genuine mahogany.
House Fly Harms Herds
Production of dairy herds may be
lowered as much as 50 per cent
when the stable, or biting house-
fly, becomes abundant. The most
practical means of control is elimi-
nation of breeding places. Straw and
peanut litter to be used for bedding
should be baled or otherwise stored
in a dry place. If dry storage space
is not available proper stacking in
the field at threshing time, and
keeping the base of the stack free
of loose straw or litter will greatly
reduce stable fly breeding. Manure
and soiled bedding should be spread
on the field at least once weekly or
stored in dry bins.
X -Ray Food
Relatively little known are X-ray's
links with the food industry, yet it
is a practical, fast, and remunera-
tive inspection tool. X-ray looks at
an orange, or a berry pie, or a box
of candy, and tells an immediate and
important story. Accurate and
shockproof, the units are built into
conveyor systems. The application
began with special equipment for a
candy manufacturer who was hay-
ing trouble eliminating foreign ma-
terials from his product. Work with
citrus fruit growers followed. X-ray
quickly shows up crystallization,
frost damage, blossom -end decline
and puffiness.
Plant Lice
Plant lice are probably the most
common and destructive vegetable
pests. They attack almost all crops,
especially turnips, radishes, mus-
tard, cabbage and other similar
plants. They may be controlled by
using a 5 per cent rotenone -sulphur
mixture, or nicotine sulfate, as a
spray or dust. Begin as soon as the
pests appear and throughly cover
the lower surface of the leaves.
These t
actually hit by the insecticide. In
addition, destroy stalks as soon as
the crop is harvested in order to
eliminate breeding pla,-e for lice
and bugs.
Books for the Navy Leagtte-
The people of Ontario and the
ehildren , eipeeially in the smaller
towns and cities and the country ansa,
have come through splendidly in the
matter of reading matter for our sail-
ors," stated Col. Arthur E. Kirkpa.t..
rick, Dominion Director of Comforts,
Navy League, to -day, "and we pans
on the sailors thanks to them.
Since Christmas Day we have re,
ceived 75 cartons., 50 of them in one
day, from country schools and front
our own branches throughout the
Province. These are now sorted And
on the way to our sailors at sea and
ashore.
"When the difficulties of transpor.„
tation, coupled with winter weather
in the country are remembered it will
be seen that this contribution repro,
sents a very splendid effort both on
the part of our branch members and
the country school children, "he said,
"Many cartons too, collected ancl,
delivered ithrough Aritish-Amqican,
Oil Co., stations arrived just before
Christmas and were dispatched in
time to be of use in our merchant
seamen clubs for junior naval offie.
era.
"Good clean novels and decent mags
azines of recent vintage, in addition,
to digests and National Geographies
are the kind most appreciated by the -
men, according to reports received,
while the demand for engineering and
scientific books—both basic and
modern—continues heavy.
"These can be taken to any ,of 91.c
92 branches in the Provinge.
v
WE GO THIS WAY BUT ONCE
We go this way but once; ah, never,
never mine,
So why not make the journey well
worth -while.
Giving to those who travel on with us
A helping hand, a word of cheer, a
smile?
We go this way but once; ah, never
more
Can we go back along the selfsame
way,
To get more out of life, undo the
wrongs,
Or speak love's words we knew
but did not stay.
We go this way but once; then let
us make -
The road we travel blossomy encl.
sweet
With helpful, kindly deeds and tender
words
Soothing the path of .bruited and..
stumbling feet.
V
WORDS
What should I have said, when my
boy went overseas
With that grin on his face and that
glint on his gun?
What were the words to use la
midst of hours like these?
What should I have found to say
to my stalwart 'son?
What words should I have used tcr
make him see more clearly
All that's in my mind, and all that,
would have alone—
How my love for him grew daily,
monthly, yearly?
For there's so much one would say
to a soldier son!
The train began to move, our
hands touched in parting. -
He leaned from the window, while
I was forced to run—
His eyes looked in mine as mine
with tears were smarting;
And all I could say was, "Good.
luck! God bless you, son!"
PHILIP F. WHITTEN",
—In The New York Tinlag,
v ----
NOCTURNE
Etching in silver
On an evening sky,
Wings dipped in vibrant dusk,
Scoring the graying- fields of earth
Where swallows fly;
Away, away
To follow the pathway of the sun
The quiet, lovely footfalls
Of retreating day.
A „soaring ecstacy
Weaving its melody
In silent music, chaste as
Schumann's Lied,
A Karsavina dancing "Les
Sylphides."
The darkness reaches up to gather in •
The first reluctant start
This transient hostage to the far
Eternal boundaries of man, wings
homing
Through the night,
Leaving Its secret with the moon
And with the, stars, the poetry ,of •
Cl.pEvelyn Cook
R. 0, A, P. (W. 11.) C'entralia,