HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Clinton New Era, 1914-12-24, Page 3Tlitixday, December >24, 1914, it
14as CIIu[lfltiOW i !lam
PAGE THREE
WIRE CZAR OF RUSSIA
IN UNOFFICIAL ROLE
Absolute Master of Millions of
Subjects Has Kindly Nature
Which He Exercises When He
Gets a Chance to Move Among
His People.
The Czar of Russia, unlike his arch-
enemy, the German Emperor, Is a
man whose lits is largely shrouded
in mystery. With the Kaiser. it is a
ease of "power and publicity." With
the Little Father of all the Russias
It is a case of mighty inSueeee, sway-
ed by a man whoee personal side is
Seldom revealed. One of the officers
.closest to the Czar is his personal
bodyguard. This position was held
• .two years ago by Count Simon Rodia-.
noff, and after he ,relinquished it he
gave to the world many personal
stories of his Imperial master which
otherwise would never have become
public.
On one occasion his Majesty an-
nounced his desire to have a droshky
brought, so that he might go for a
drive In the country incognito. While
Count Rodianoff went to inform the
_accessary members of the Household
of the Imperial wish, the Czar strolled
in the park. When the bodyguard
came upon him, about half an hour.
later, he was helping a gardener to
lop off the dead limbs from a tree.
In civilian attire the Clear and his
bodyguard walked past a wing of the
,palace, and, through an open window,
:heard voices. They approached, and,
looking In, saw about a dozen sem
tlnele seated at a round table, drink-
ing vodka and playing cards. One
of the men was telling his compan-
ions of a love affair, at which they
all laughed heartily. The sentinels
sprang to their feet, saluted, and
presented arms.
The Czar smiled.
"How do you do, boys? Go ahead,
and don't be disturbed by me," he said.
When the droshky name they drove
-into the eountry, enjoying the sun -
+shine and the delightful rural scenery,
until they came to a typical Russian
inn, where the Cigar stopped the horse,
and, announcing that he was hungry,
entered the hostelry.
Mine host was deep In a discussion:
of polities with a number of peasants
that had stopped on the way to mar-
ket with their produce to drink vodka.
"We want something to eat," said
2 the Czar.
But all the innkeeper had in the
house were some old, dried -out ham.
herrings, and eggs. However, one of
the peasants hada cartload of crabs,
and the Czar asked the innkeeper to
buy a couple of dozen and boil them.
I have no time to boil you crabs,"
quoth mine host. "If you are' hungry
eat herring and drink vodka."
"But suppose 1 pay you ten roubles?"
persisted the Czar.
The innkeeper looked at the speak -
"I'm sure your money doesn't grow
on trees," he replied. "You buy the
crabs from the man and pay me fifty
copecks for boiling them, and I shall.
be satisfied. l . don't wish to be too
greedy.'
Half an hour later his Imperial
Majesty and his liodyguard sat down
at table with the peasants and par-
took heartily of a repast of boiled.
crabs and tea, of which the Czar after-
wards said that he had never en-
joyed a meal more.
Later in the day the Czar and the
count took part in a wedding they
found in progress in the cottage of
a humble fisherman.
"I know people pretty well from
their appearance," said the old pea-
sant, smiling shrewdly. "I know from
your face that you are either a com-
mercial' traveller or an agent for a
drapery house." ,
Nevertheless, the two distinguished
tourists attended the wedding, and
drank with the bride and bridegroom;
and the next morning the Czar sent
a present to the bride, consisting of
a fine service 01 silver, a five -hundred -
rouble note, and a personal message,
which ran:
"I congratulate the newly-weds, and
send my wedding present.
Nicholas I."
Though the Czar enjoys a stroll in-
cognito, he is guarded at his various
residences in the closest possible man-
ner. -
THE SAUCY ARETHUSA
Signal Honor Pald to the Present-day
Craft of That Name
The Arethusa, the ship wbieh play-
ed so important a part in the fight
off Heligoland, bears a famous name,
In the great French war there was
a famous frigate, "The Sauey Are-'
thusa." which fought an action with
a ..French vessel which was immor-
talized in one of Dibdin's most cele-
brated sea songs. The Admiralty
ordered the following verses from
that song to be engraved upon a brass
plate and fixed in a conspicuous place
in the H.ALS. Arethusa of to -day: '
Come, all ye jolly sailors bold,
Whose hearts are cast in honor's mould,
While English glory I unfold,
Huzza for the Arethusa!
Her men are staunch
To their fav'rlte launch,
And when the foe shall meet our fire,
Sooner than strike we'll all expire
On board of the Arethusa,
And, now we've driven the foe ashore
Never to fight with Britons more,
Let each fill his glass
To his faveete lass;
A health to our captain and officers
true
And all that belong to the jovial crew
On board of the Arethusa.
Turn About Is Fair Play
Russia notified Germany that in all
the towns occupied by the Russian
army a war contribution would be
levied amounting to double the sum
exacted by Germany from Belgian
towns, it
ereekee
x• ,.•
AREA OF WAR ZONE GREATLY WIDENED BY TURKEY'S ENTRANCE IN'rO CONFLICT
SEMLIN
ROU MAN dA
'N• $UKHAFEST
SOFIA
13TJLGARIA
(fig Of
, eATTARO
SCUTARI
ADfIAN 0PLE
\, CONSTANTINOPLE
• SEaNOpA
MP
SA-Ot4
CORFU %
IONIAN SEA
i
rzl
SKUTARI
0
BARD al.e5
AEGEAN
SEA
4i
v C�
eLS ANDRIA
PORT SAID
,TRIPOL2
The Sublime Portebholds a strategic position in the present war, as Is shown by the above map. Not only does
it command the Dardanelles, which is strongly fortified, and se bottles ug whatever war vessels Russia
may have in the Black Sea, but it is within striking power of Egypt and, the Suez Canal. The British pos-
sessions, Cyprus, in the Levant, is now in the new zone of war: The, attitude of Turkey has been closely
watched by both France and Gr'dat Britain since the commencement er the war and a large force of war-
ships of these countries is already stationed between the Aegean kleat; and the Suez Canal, Large bodies
of Egyptian and Arab troops friendly to Britain have been n3 seed in the neighborhood pt the canal in
'order to protect it from any possible/rising of Moslem sympathizers with Turkey.
GYPx CAI
A
Little
ell and is Paying Dearly ,,, .
1 or Its Geographical Position
�
1
Holla• d is learning in this war time
the disadvantages of being a neutral
country, says a London correspondent
in Holland.
Perhaps the advantages aro as em-
barrassing as the -•.disadvantages.
With war all around her, she has be-
come a place of refuge, a clearing-
house for telegrams and letters that
cannot pass direct from England to
Germany, a common platform on,
which men whose countries are in
bitter enmity may meet on the terms
of old friendships.
Her neutrality has made the arrival
within her southern frontier of Ger-
man or Belgian soldiers, 'flying from.
their respective enemies,. a rather
trying form of - enfor'eed , hospitality. -
A concentration camp at Alkamaar
GERMANY'S CRACK -CORPS'
Sons of Royal Family Reoelve Military
Maiming In Guards
The. German Guards Corps—the
flower o8 the Kaiser's troops—com-
prises, the very finest regiments In
the Prussian service.
The corps includes four -regiments
of Foot Guards, the 'Emperor' Alexan-
der and Emperor Franz Grenadiers
(each with the Czar and Austrian
monarch as its titular chief); .the
Queen Elizabeth Guards 'Regiment,
named after • the widow of Frederick
William IV. of Prussia; `and the
Queen Augusta Grenadier Regiment,
which received its name when the
wife of the first Gei'ntan l3mperor was
appoilnted to its head.
In the corps arealso the Guards
'Fusilier Regiment, knpwn 111 13erlin as
1"e Mai Ka•tfer" ( May Beetles"),
X73 taco b.own ci rt black shouldat.
I; ,;:a G, 'e
As° the e ..rch :l in Regiment,
SUICIDE Cr THE GERMAN EMPiRi(I 4b a Guards, .,
�,tl the Masseurs of the Cuar.l-, ,
-Bert Thomas, ILI Leaden.' Oseale1'- .12 these crack regiments the 1.st
has its nucleus of men from both
armies, and there is the constant fear
that this involuntary hospitality may
lead to international complications.
No wonder that little Holland is
massing her troops to drive back the
soldiers who, in the' heat-' of flight
from battle, seek to be her ,guests.
• But Holland is .paying' the price.
It is not for nothing that a - little
nation, with millions less people than
London put over 400,000 men under
arms. At all. costs she will fight for
her independence, and among these
stolid, silent people there is never a
murmur at the sacrifice. It is not only
the men who have been palled to the
colors and the families that are left
without breadwinner who 'are paying,
the price.
All over Holland men and women
are being turned out of doors, and
seeing their homes pulled down, be-
cause the buildings, set up under the
shadow of forts, interfere with the
all-round .range of the guns.
The correspondent says: "I met a
man who had disappeared from Am-
sterdam for a couple of. days. He
toldme quietly that he had been into
the country ^ south. of 'herb to see -how'
his old parents were=getting:ons-^They'
were farmers. Suddenly at _midnight:
they and their neighbors had notice
that within an hour their homes must
bo pulled down. - Imagine what it
meant, in the ramp and darkness, to
pack all the household goods on carts,
to drive horses and cattle along the
narrow road that tops the dyke, and
to find the best' shelter that can be
had at a safe distance from the forte,"'
Foot Guards have served as the mili-
tary cradle and training schoolof
practically every male 'member of the
Hohenzollern family from the Kur-
prinz Frederick, afterwards. King
Frederick I., to the present Emperor,
who was gazetted to it as a boy of
ten,
What Caliber Means
Caliber means the diameter of the
bore of a gun -thus a gun of 12 -inch
caliber has a bore 12 inches across,
taking a 12 -inch projectile. Caliber
is used in plural to express the length
-of the gun; thus a phrase often heard
is a ''gun of forty or fifty calibers,"
which means that the length of the
gun is fort' or fifty times the dia-
meter of the bore. Thus a 12 -inch
gun of fifty calibers, the type mounted
in the British Dreadnoughts before
the 13.5 -inch gun was introduced, is
a weapon 'fifty times 12 inches long,
that is, 50 feet in length, The longer
a gun is the greater is its power,
Birmingham provided six itnuilred
rear+ -uta from tramwaymen ale;: e•
6
lased
{ KAISER'S LUCKY RING
Has the Kaiser lost the ring where-
in legend says lies the luck of Hohen-
zollern? •
Mftny Royal houses have some
jewel among - their treasures around
which rumor' has woven strange and
mystic tales. The Kaiser wears a
plain gold ring, with a black stone,
by which he sets great store: Freder-
ick the Great received it from his dy-
ing father with the assurance that
so long as it remained'- in the family
the race Would prosper and multiply.
The Countess Lichenau stole the
"Luck" from Frederick WilliamiI. In
1790, and the next few years were
full of disaster for Prussia. Suet be-
fore the great war of liberation In
1l13, the ring was recovered, and its
new advent saw the fortune of the
Hohenzollerns firmly established.
Rumor has 2t that the "Luck," ages
ago, was dropped from the niout1P of
a large frog on the bed of a beautiful
Hlohenzollern princess.
CATHEDRAL AT RHEIMS
NOT OW[ST N FRANCE
AN EXPERT ON EXPLOSIVES
The greatest living authority on ex-
plosives to -day is Sir Andrew Noble,
chairman of "the' great firm of Arm-
strong, Whitworth, and Co., to whom
the' war has brought hundreds of
thousands of dollars' worth of work,
Entering the army, he became a cap-
tain in the Royal Artillery. The
Government recognized his ability.
first by appointing him to a technical
committee on armor plates, and
secondly by making him assistant in-
spector of artillery. When the late
Lord Armptrong added an ordnance
manufactory to his works at Elswick
he called young Noble to his side.
Together they made Armstrong's one
of the greatest concerns in the coun-
tr7, with a wage bill in Newcastle
alone of over 5100,000.
To Sir Andrew Noble the Navy
owes some remarkable inventions.
The chronoscope, which ' measures
the speed of a shot at different parts
of the bore of a gun, is his. An in-
genious arrangement causes the shot
automatically to make a record in an
instrument worked by an electric
current which the shot in passing
releasee. Along with Professor Abel,
he prepared a table which provided
the means of determining the total
work perforated by any charge in ani
gun.
RED CROSS WORK
International Body Came Into Exist`'
en ce Half Century Ago
Before the end of the 18th century
ambulance service in war was almost
unknown. Wounded soldiers were
left on the field unattended until after
the fighting—it might be the day after
the fight or later before surgical
help or any help reached them.
The French army was the first to
organize a system of flying ambulance
carriers. Other nations adopted a
similar system, and in the British -
Indian army a special caste of bearers
did the work.
The army organization of the
various nations advanced rapidly in
efficiency, but complaints and charges
were frequent of treachery and attack
on the ambulance and medical staffs
of the armies. It was not until 1804
that an attempt wggq made by the
Geneva convention. 'to fits a code (-4international rules -governing t��44
treatment of sung%al and ambl ge
corns o9 op sing armies. Mn ny cou-
ventitona,, dere held afterp this date
until the final one in X 6.7 at which
35States 'were repry.ented and rules
adopted governing the treatment of
bo
theth woundedon d. and a sea. i their attendants,
an
1
The Red Cross Society is not S.
military organization, but works with
Lae unsjer, the Arlo_ y in the field.
Every nation has, l of ooiirre-,it& wn
medlca.l state and a' bulance coi11ii'
as part of the army equipment, but
4.1jj now wear the badge of the Red
Cross of the Geneva convention—the
Red Cross ort a white band' on the
left arm. .
It is not necessary to elaborate on
the details of the work. First aid
on the field, carrying away the wound-
ed to the ; rear, bandages, stimulants,
water; -medicine. Then the field
hospital, the hospital trains, the home
depots. All nations have a very per-
Sectsystem both .on sea and.land.
Notre Dame in Paris Surpasses
it in Matter of Age if Not in
Historical Interest and Others
in the Country Are World-
famous.
Well might the world stand aghast
at Germany,'s crowning infamy, the
destruction of Rheims Cathedral, for
our Teuton foes reduced to ruins a
sacred edifice which all other nations
venerated. Rheims Cathedral was the
Westminster Abbey of France, °but
although not quite so rich in historical
and Royal' interest, the cathedral of
Notre Dame in Paris 1s more ancient
than that of Rheims, the main build-
ing having been begun in the twelfth
century. It is said that if the pillars
-
of Notre Dame could speak they might
tell Cho whole history of Franco, al-
though the only coronation celebrated
there was that of Henry VI. of Eng-
land in 1431.
;Perha'ps the finest feature of the
NotreeDamo Cathedral in Paris is the
Sainte Chapelle, built by St. Louis
in 1245.8, for the reception of the
various relies which he brought from
the Holy Land. This chapel is, per -
baps,; the greatest existing master-
piece of -Gothic art, and was restored
by Napoleon III. at a cost of $250,000.
Amiens Cathedral is another of -
France's thirteenth -century churches,
to which the world pays annual. visits.
This was the church which sent Rus-
kin into raptures, and which he and
other people have described as "the
finest existing medimval structure."
Its incomparable facade, galleries
filled with the statues of kings, its -
superb windows and tapestries, and
above all its beautiful choir -stalls and
chapels, make the Amiens Cathedral
incomparable in many respects.
Of special historical interest to
British people is the cathedral of
Rouen, for it was there that the heart
of Richard Cour de Lion was buried
prior to its being removed to the ex-
tensive Museum of Antiquities. An•
other interesting fact regarding the
Rouen Cathedral is that' theuotabie
south tower was built at the end of
the fifteenth, century with. what was
termed 'Sfgddlgej�tt'money, received
by theABsh tr 'for permission to eat
butte dor ng Len1 The splendors of
t1'a south tzrarisap , its rose w�in,.d.�2ws
and wonderful acu-lptitre, have'exclteu
the admiration of all lover9 03 the
beautiful. ''""-4.17 :: r .03511
Neither should one forget the glor-
lons cathedral of Chartres, built
chiefly between 1194 and 1260. It is
noted for its solidity al well as beauty,
one of its spires—there are two—be
ing See Y n rail regarded as the most
beautiful on the continent. Like
most oilier i'-aut'iius French cathedrals,
rk hints once magnificent rose win-
dows, t 6a irfiRria;;fete-Fgiafn
a d•ir°thirteenth-century glass forming
fsplai f jewelled color unequalled
elsewhere. -
A, series of magnificent sculptures
pf th9 1lPg, of Christ and the Virgin
rovide a fascinating sight, while the
great triple porches of the transepts,
covered with sculpture, are matchless,
A civilian in Great Britain is liable
to a sentence not exceeding three
months' imprisonment for 'breaking
military regulations in regard to
lights. - -
Aged Leal an •Cheval i-er
... .. ., iw...�" a ,Nt
Fought Germans Thrice
There are not many people who can
oast that they have fought to three
wars agatnet the Germans, but that is
the proud boast of the Chevalier Luigi'
Ricci, the famous Garibaldian; and at
the headquarters of his Foreign Le-
gion in London he talked to a repre-
sentative of "Answers" of his long life.
The chevalier has, for the last forty-
four years, lived entirely in England,
and is the leader of the Italian colony
in London. He is now contemplating
the publication of his memoirs, while
his son, aged twenty-three, is fight-
ing the Germans as a senior wireless
operator.
Besides being an intrepid warrior
this gallant old gentleman is also a
great scholar, and founded the Dante
Society for the study of that poet;
he is also a member of the governing
body of the City Polytechnic and
a Professor at the University of Lon-
don. ' Sincet by his extreme age he
is unable to talte up arms, he started
the formation of the King's Foreign
Legion.
"I suppose my life has been un
usually full;" said the veteran. "At
the time of the Italian War for Inde-
pendence I' was at the Royal Military
College, which I left in oilier to rales
and equip a corps ,of -.Guides. That
was in 1868, and I .thenmimbered
among my friends Garibaldi, 3/Laszlo',
and our great national poet, Carducci,
who was my tutor. 1
In 1870, during the Franco-German
War, I was at Paris. I went through
the siege and served as captain in
the 238th Battaillon do Guerre. I was
wounded at the battle of Le Bourget,
and my name was mentioned in de-
spatches.
"After the siege I came to London,
where I have been ever since. It is
the city that I love, in the land that
I love next to Italy, It is because 1
love it, and because I have learned
to hate Prussianism in every form
that I resolved to form my Foreign
Legion.
"So great was the response from
all the foreign colonies in London
that we had to close our acceptances
having raised the full complement of
3,000 men and 200 officers. We have
Russians, Poles, Armenians, Italians,
Servians, Americans, Colonials, and
Britishers in this company. In one
week, from the -day on which 2 ap
preached the War Office, I was sht,,,
to offer them these 3,000, and. another
British Legion, formed in F'i'algte, V,
at tate very least, 500 men,'a
:enc.,°.0;.xn..,nnerremn. m,c„a..m,,.,",,.wew ,ecn,=ma,m,n.,,FIrw,.. ..