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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Clinton News Record, 1915-09-16, Page 3HE DARDANELLES OPERATION ON EVE OF A 'GREAT SUCCESS Within Little Distance of a Triumph That Will Affect All World, Says Lord Robert Cecil. A despatch from London says: It will be recalled that Winston Church- ill, formerly First Lord of the Admir- alty, now Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, said shortly before the Cabinet changes that the &Bee were within a few miles of final victory at the Dardanelles. Although theee few miles have not yet been covered, the belief evidently till grips the British Ministers. Sir Robert Cecil in a speech at Croydon eclared that the Anglo-French forces are within little distance of a great success in the Dardanelles which would have an enormous effect on all. 'Parts of the world. , According to information received in Bulgaria from reliable sources, the allies are now concentrating large forces, including heavy landing• artil- lery for a new general attack on the Dardanelles. The presence •of mine- sweepers at .Seddul-Bahr, near the entrance to the Straits, is regarded as foreshadowing increased activity, including a vigorous bombardment of the outer Dardanelles forts. Ac- cording to a despatch to the Temps from Dedeaghatch, the Bulgariane are actively, fortifying that port and its environs. Heavy guns are being placed at all stragetic points. DUKE NICHOLAS IS SUPPLANTED Famous Leader Relinquishes Com- mand of the Main Russian Forces. A despatch from London says: Grand Duke Nicholas has relinquished the command of the Russian military forces and has been appointed Viceroy of the Caucasus and Commander -in - Chief of the Russian armies in the southern theatre of war. This an- nouncement from Petrograd follows the action of Emperor Nicholas in • personally taking over the command of his forces. The text of the order issued by Grand Duke Nicholas transferring command of the Russian armies to the Emperor is forwarded by the Petro- grad correspondent of the Havas News Agency as follows: "Valiant army and fleet: To -day, your august supreme chief, his Ma- jesty the Emperor, places himself at your head. I bow'bef ore your heroism of more than a year, and express to you my cordial, warm and sincere ap- preciation. I believe steadfastly that because the Emperor himself, to whom you have taken your oath, con- ducts you, you will display achieve- ments hitherto unknown. I believe that God from this day will bring to him final victory. "Gen. Aide -de -Camp Nicholas." The transference was made in con- nection with a general reorganization of such importance that it has stir- red the nation deeply. The Grand Duke replaces the fa- mous Viceroy of the Caucasus, Count von Vorontzoff-Dashkoff. Emperor Nicholas addressed to the Count a communication acknowledging the val- ue of his labors, and stating that he yields to his request to be permitted to devote his energies to work for which his state of health is more equal. The Emperor, therefore, re- lieves him of the post of Viceroy and attaches him to his personal staff. - .7. The decision of Emperor Nicholas to take chief command is regarded in Petrograd as the best possible re- ply to recent talk of peace proprosals, and as showing clearly Russia's de- termination to bring victory to her- self and her allies. SAYS 14,000 ARMENIANS MASSACRED BY TURKS. A despatch from Rome says: Three Armenian girls have been rescued from Turkish massacre. An American physician on his return to New York said before his departure that the Turks practically massacred 14,000 Armenians in Trebizond alone, where they looted and burned the houses, In Leson 100 families were saved. News from the interior of Asiatic Turkey is appalling. The massacres arc continuing systematically, since the Moslems are determined to rid Turkey of all Christians. BRITISH AIR SERVICE UNDER FLAG OFFICER A despatch from London says: Owing to the rapid expansion of the Royal Nav'al Air Service, both with respect to personnel -and material, the Admiralty has decided to place it un- der the direction of a flag officer, with the title of director of the air service, Rear -Admiral C. L. Vaughan -Lee las been selected for this appointment. Commodore M. F. Sufter, the present director of the air service, will be in charge of the material side of the aaval aeronautical work, with the title of superintendent of aircraft con- struction. STOPPED CHRISTIANS LEAVING TABRIZ A despatch from Tiftie, Trans- Caucasia says: After the exodus f&iln the Vilayet of Van the Christians fled to the plains of Urumia and Sal - alas, on the north-west Shore of Lake Urumia, in Persian Armenia. Christ- ians were preparing to leave Tabriz, but their flight was forbidden.' The presence of numerous German agents in Tabriz and elsewhere in Northern Persia is occasioning alarm. .14 GERMAN FALSIFIER GETS PRISON TERM \-- _ A despatch from New York says: Gustav Stahl, the German reservist who swore he saw four guns on the Lueitainia just before she sailed from here on her last trip, but later admit- ted his affidavit Was false and enter - a plea of guilty to perjury, was sentenced by Federal Judge Hough to 16 months' imprisonment in the Fed- eral prison at Atlanta and to pay a fine of $1. .1. Shakespeare said that "There never was yet philosopher that could en- dure toothache patiently." REFUSES TO PAY FOR LIVES LOST Germany, in Note to U. S., Sees NO Obligation in Arabic Case. A despatch from Berlin says: Ger- many's note to the United States bear - lag on the sinking of the White Star Line Steamer Arabic, which was com- municated to the American Ambassa- dor, James W. Gerard, for transmis- sion to Washington is in the form of a memorandum, under date of Sept. 7, the text of which follow: "On Aug. 19 a German submarine stoped the English steamer Dunsley about 16 nautical miles south of Kinsale, and was on the point of sink- ing the prize by gun fire after the crew had left the vessel. At this moment the commander saw a large steamer making directly towards him. This steamer, as developed later, was the Arabic. She was recognized as an enemy, as she did not fly any flag and bore no neutral markings. "When she approached she altered her original course, but then again pointed directly towards the subma- rine. From this the commander be- came convinced that the steamer had the intention of attacking and ram- ming him, In order to anticipate this attack he gave orders for the subma- rine to dive, and fired a torpedo at the steamer. After firing he con- vinced himself that the people on board were being rescued in fifteen boats. - "According to his instructions the commander was not allowed to attack the Arabic without warning and with- out saving the lives unless the ship attempted to escape or offered resist- ance, Ile was forced, however, to con- clude from the attendant circum- stances that the Arabic planned a vio- lent attack on the submarine. "This conclusion is all the more ob- vious as he had been fired upon at a great distance in the Irish Sea on Aug. 14 -that is, a few days before -by a large pasenger ste' amer apparently beyonging to the BritishRoyal Mail Steam Packet Company, which he had neither attacked nor stopped. "The German Government most deeply regrets that lives were lost through the action of the commander. It particularly expresses this regret to the Government of the United Statee on account of the death of its citizens, "The German Government is un - .able, however, to acknowledge- any - obligation to grant indemnity in the matter, even if the commander should have been mistaken as to the aggres- sive intentions of the Arabic. "If it should prove to be the case that it is impossible for the German and American Governments to reach a harmonious opinion on this point, the German Government would be prepared to submit the difference of opinion, as being a question of iter - national law, to The Hague Tribunal for arbitration, pursuant to article 38 of The Hague Convention for the pacific settlement of iternational dis- putes. "In so doing, it assumes that, as a matter of course, the arbitral deci- sion shall not be admitted to have the importance of a general decision on the permissibility or the converse under international law of German submarine warfare," -.1. MANY ARRESTS IN WARSAW. Conditions in City Described by a Refugee. . A despatch from Petrograd says: A prominent Polish lawyer, who made his escape from Warsaw after its cap- ture by the Germans makes the fol- lowing statement: "Two days after the Germans en- tered the city more than 400 of the most prominent citizens who remain- ed' were arrested without warning or interrogation and sent to Germany. About 700 families were deprived of their heads and of knowledge of their whereabouts. Arrests continued daily. The only known reason was that the names of the victims ap- peared on a list compiled by inform- ers and sent to Germany months ago. A house to house search was made and every copper vessel was confiscat- ed. Metal was stripped from any places in which it had been left. Arti- cles of cotton and wool were gathered similarly from houses and shops. -- "NON STOP, BERLIN," SIGN ON LONDON BUS A despatch from London says: A curious sight near the Strand was a ,London motor 'bus returned 'from the front marked, "Non step, Berlin," It was on one of these that the Can- adians rode into Ypres. • - , Keep your temper. It is worth more to you than any one else. Life has its ups and downs, and a lot of folks seem to prefer the downs. BULGARIAN GUNNERS WHO AvvAIrTHFCALL N*. op 174.15:K 711hu DAMMEdigitiMEE2Mitik infOr *:? NNESSN, .The picture shows a group of Bulgarian gunners who may soon be in action and who are now being held In readiness, pending the outcome of negotiations between their country and the belligerent Powers. AUSTRIA RUST_ RECALL ENVOY Answer of the U. S. Government to Dr. Dumba's Explan- ations. A despatch from Washington says: The United States has informed Aus- tria-Hungary that' Dr. Constantin Theodore Dumba the Austro-Hungar- ian Ambassador to this country, is n6 longer acceptable as that country's envoy at this capital. The demand for the Ambassador's recall is based upon his admission that he atempted to disrupt industries in the United States. The action taken in Dr. Dum- ba's ease amounts to a notice to Ger- many, as well as to Austria-Hungary, that this Government will no longer tolerate activities by aliens calculated to embarrass the United States in its relations with the belligerent powers of Europe. It was the answer of the American Government to Dr. Duniba's explanation of his intercepted letter to Vienna outlining plans for handi- capping plants in this country making war supplies for the allies. It is understood that Ambassador Dumba will not be handed his pass- ports, but will be permitted to fol- low his own course and await word from Vienna. If he should desire to return home it would be necessary for the American Government to se- cure a safe conduct for him from the allies. :14 QUEER DAIRIES. There Are Many Strange Ways of De- livering Milk. Milk is such a nourishing, whole- some food that people from the earl- iest times have used it when it was obtainable; and the ways of getting it from place to place have been most curious. But suppose you count the ways in which milk has been delivered this very day -not in olden times, but to -day. First there is the auto milk wagon in the cities which rushes around and delivers in lightning time the milk which has been brought from the country dairies on milk express trains. Then there is the more common horse-drawn dairy wagon that early in the morning travels through the streets and alleys leaving clean, cold bottles of fresh milk on all the door- steps. In smaller towns and villages the' milkman drives down the streets and stops in front of prospective cust- omer's homes. There he leans out of his wagon and rings a bell loud and long. If the housewife wishes some milk she must run out to the kagon with her bowl or pitcher and have her amount ladled out to her from the big can of milk in the back of the milk wagon. No caring for germs or flies in that method, is there? in many, countries the milk is car- ried about in great covered buckets which are hung one on each side of oxen and in that way are catried to the homes where it is purchased. The oxen are always driven by young boyS or girls', or, in case there are no child- ren in the dairyman's family, the old father or the eged mother drives the oxen on their rounds. But the strangest of all are the customs in the countries where goat's milk is used instead of cow's milk! For the goats are not milked and then the milk delivered, as you would think would be done -no, indeed. Just imagine going to your door and saying to your milkman "stop a bit! I want milk from that tliird goat -yes, the one with the brown spots!" -woudn's it seem' funny? Mut the pecmle who are used to that method think their way is the very best of all. For in that way they get their milk warm and fresh right in their own pails. And the pretty goats can be heard every morning as they gaily clatter, clatter up the village streets -they must like delivering milk, for they trot along 'so content- edly! NEW CURE FOR ILLS. Will the Aeroplane Kill the Deadly Tuberculosis Germ? Aeroplanes, long looked upon by military experts as the greatest de- stroyer of lives known to man, now promise to become the greatest aid to health and longevity. Aviation A looked upon as an al- most certain medium for the cure of the most dreaded of human ills -tu- berculosis. Moreover, it is expected that many other diseasms of germ or- igin that hitherto have defied the ef- forts of medical science will now be placed upon the list of curable ail.. ments The new hope of medicine, briefly, lies in the knowledge that direct rays of the sun will kill any germ. The aeroplane, as now used in experiments in Germany, carries the patient up above the clouds to an altitude where the air is free from moisture and dust and the rays of the sun are direct. Although details of the experiments now in progress are meager because of the surplus of war news that crowds the cables, it is known that Dr. Hugo 13ruenstein is making numerous experiments in connection with avia- tion as a cure for disease, especially tuberculosis. In a statement attributed to the Berlin physician it is asserted that but fifteen minutes exposure to the rays of the sun at a certain altitude is necessary to kill every germ in the body of a man. Rays of the sun long have been used as an aid to the cure of all germ dis- eases. All of ,the big tuberculosis hos- pitals troughout the country now are using the sun as their chief medicine But the slanting rays, together with the moisture and dust in the air, com- bine to prevent the light from reach- ing its greatest efficiency. It was during military experiments in Berlin that the idea of using the aeroplane to conserve rather than destroy human life was conceived. Dr. Bruenstein began experiments at once and it is declared that they have open- ed up the most promising field for work among the tubercular known to medical science. Dr. Theodore B. Sachs of the Muni- cipal Tuberculosis Institute of Chicago, and recognized as an ex- pert on the subject, said that the chief advantage of the new method lay in the fact that the patient would be carried up to a point where the rays of the sun were more direct than those that ordinarily were played up- on the germ -ridden parts. "The greatest obstacle to a general use of this plan, to my notion, his in the fact that aviation hasn't reached a sufficiently advanced stage to make it safe to carry the sick into the air," said Dr. Sachs. "Until aerial naviga- tion is safer a physician would hardly feel justified in sending a sick man up into the clouds to face dangers as great, if net greater, than those at- tending his physical ailment. "There is no doubt, however, that the rays of the sun have great cura- tive power in the treatment of tuber- culosis in Colorado and the West. The higher one goes the more direct and therefore the more powerful are the sun's rays. Therefore, it is plain that the carrying of a patient into the air to a high altitude is a move in the right direction." 41 NORWEGIAN SHIPS LOST SINCE WAR BEGAN A despatch from Washington says: The State Department has made pub- lic a report from the American Mini- ster at Christiania,. Norway, disclos- ing that Norway has lost 41 vessels since the war began. Seventy-six sailors have perished. Of the number of vessels flying the Norwegian flag lost 18 were destroyed by mines, 24 by torpedoes, three dis- appeared in the war tone, and one was crushed by a German Warship. Still another was taken as a prize to Hamburg. The losses have been so heavy to, Norwegian shipping that war risks in- surance rates have been increased and restrictions imposed. Up to date the Norwegian War. Risk Bureau has in- curred risks aggregating $2,000,000 cinch collected in premiums but $1- 820,000. RUSSIANS FIGHT FOR INITIATIVE Conflict on Eastern Front is Resumed With the Greatest Intensity. ' A despatch from London says: Almost simultaneously with the an- nouncement that the Emperor has personally replaced Grand Duke Nicholas as commander of the Rus- sian forces, the fighting along the mean frontier, despite the beginning of the Autumn rains, has been re- sumed with the intensity which char- acterized it throughout the Summer on both wings in Com:land, in the north, and in Volhynia, Podolia and East Galicia. In the south the Rus- sians are making determined efforts to regain the initiative, while in the centre the Austro -Germans continue to increase their advantage. Thus Field Marshal von Hinden- burg and his commanders in Courland are still being denied their objective,. the Dvina River, while von alackensen and the Austriangenerals at the other end of the line are engaged in oppos- ing the Russian offensive. In the cefitre, on the other hand, Lieut*Gen. von Eithhorn and Prince Leopold of Bavaria are pushing forward, and, ac- cording to the Berlin official report, have occupied Wolkowysk, an import- ant railway junction immediately east of Bialystock. It is for these railways that the Germans are now fighting, as when the Autumn rains turn a great part of the country into an impassable morass they will need every line of railway to keep their armies supplied with provisions and munitions. The Petrograd correspondent of the Daily Mail remarks that the Czar has pluckily undertaken the responsibility of the chief command at a time when the retirement from Grodno is still in progress under difficult conditions. The enemy at the same time is ad- vancing through the marsh region with the object of occupying the rail- way running north and south. He is using a ready-made railway line over the swampy ground, the rails attached to ties put down on narrow roadways which are sufficiently firm to allow a speed of ten miles an hour. CANADIANS' LAST LAUGH. Had Best of Germans in Interchange - of Trench Humor. An amusing story of an experience of the Canadian contingent when they first arrived at the front was related to a London Daily Chronicle represen- tative by a Canadian staff officer now at Shorncliffe. The story has been , told before how the Germans revealed their knowledge of the supposed se- cret arrival of the Canadians by call- ing out, "Hello, Canadians!" across the zone of fire as the Dominion troops took their place 'in the trenches. "The ambsing part of the incident occurred two days later," said the officer, "when our Mounted Rifles caine to the firing lines. The Ger- mans were perfectly aware of what was happening, for they at once began shouting out "Hello, Canadian Rifles! Where are your horses?' Shortly afterwards they hung a toy horse over the top or their trenches with the in- scription, in big lettering, 'Here are your horses. Come and fetch them.' Our men naturally began to fire at the thing, whereupon the Germans promptly Look it down, only to replace it a few minutes later with bandages round its- neck and tub 'of its legs, where it had been 'wounded.' 'But our fellows sectired the last laugh after all, for they got # lot of socks, filled them out with said to the required shape, and then hung them over the trenches with the inscrip- tion, 'Here are your sausages,. Come and fetch them,' a retort which seem- ed to rile the Germans immensely." The Old Lady Again. "I do love to hear Margaret sing," remarked old Mrs. Blundcrby; "the haS such a malodorcue The Leading Markets Breadstuffs. Toronto, Sept. 14. -Manitoba wheat -new crop -No. 1 Northern, $1,01; pNrcoLm2p,t9s9hcipmonshipment, lake ports for Manitoba oats -No. 2 OW., nomire- al, on track lake ports. American corn -No. 2 yellow, 831/c on track lake ports. Canadian ,corn -No. 2 yellow, nom- inal, on track Toronto. Ontario oats -New crop -No. 2 white, 38 to 39c; No. 3 white, 37 to 38e, according to freights outside. Ontario wheat -New -No. 2 Win- ter, per car lot,.92 to 95c; old, slight- ly tough, 85 to 90e; sprouted or smut- ty, 70 to 80c, according to samples and to freights outside. • Barley-Geod malting barley, No, 3 feed and feed barley, all nominal, ac- cording to freights outside. Buckwheat -Car lots, nominal, ac- cording to freights outside. Rye -No. 2 nominal, 75 to 80c, ac- cording to freights outside. Manitoba flour -First patents, in jute bags; $5,75s second patents, in jute bags, $5.25; strong bakers', in jute bags, $5.05, Toronto. Ontario flour -New -Winter, 90 pet• cen.t. patents, $3.80, seaboard, or Toronto freights in bags, prompt ship- ment.Millfeed-Car lots -Delivered Mont- real freights. Bran, $25 per ton; shorts, $27 per ton. middlings, $28 per ton; good feed dour, $1.80 per bag. Country Produce. Butter -Fresh dairy, 24 to 26e; in- ferior, 21 to 22c; creamery prints, 28% to 29c; do., solids, 26 to 27%c. Eggs -No. 1,23 to 24e per dozen, in ease lots; extra at 26 to 27c. Honey -No. 1 light (wholesale), 10 to 11%c; do., retail, 12% to 15c. Combs *(wholesale), per doz., No. 1, $2.60 to $3; No. 2, $1.60 to $2. Poultry -Chickens, yearlings, dress- ed, 16 to 18c; Spring chickens, 20 to 2Ic; fowl, 12 to 13c; ducklings, 17 to 18c; turkeys, 23 to 25c. Cheese -Large 14 to 14%e; do., twine, 14% to Ike. Business in Montreal. Montreal, Sept. 14. -Corn -Ameri- can No. 2 yellow, 89 to 90c. Oats - Canadian Western, No. 3, 67e; No. 2 local white, 43c; No. 3 local white, 4.2e; No. 4 local white, 41c. Flour - Manitoba Spring wheat patents, firsts, $5.85; seconds, $5.36; strong bakers', $5.15; Winter patents, choice, $5.50; straight rollers, $4.65 to $4.85; do., bags, $1.75 to $1,85. Rolled oats - 13bIs., $5.45; do., bags, 90 lbs., $2.60 to $2.70. Bran, $26. Shorts, $27. Middlings, $32 to $33. Mouillie, $29 to $33. Hay -No. 2 per ton, car lots, $17 to $17.25. Cheese -Finest west- erns 13% to 13%c; finest easterns, 13%, to 13%c. Butter -Choicest creamery, 28% to 28%c; seconds, 27% to 27%e. Eggs -Fresh, 29 to 30e; se- lected, 28c; No. 1 stock, 230; No. 2 stock'20c. Dressed hogs -Abattoir killed, $13.60 to $14.15. Pork - Heavy Canada short mess, bbls, 35 to 45 pieces, $29; Canada short-cut back, bbls., 45 to 45 pieces, $28.60. Lard - Compound, tierces, $75 lbs., 10cnwood pails, 20 lbs., net, 10%c; pure, tierces, 375 lbs., 11% to 12c; pure, wood pails, 20 lbs. net, 121/....._t_o 13c. United States Markets. Minneapolis, Sept. 14. -Wheat - No. 1 hard, 96%c; No. 1 Northern, 90% to 95%c; No. 2 Northern, 87% to 92%c; September, 88%c, December, 89%c. Corn -No. 3 yellow, '75% to 76c. Oats -No. 3 white, 82 to 32%c. Flour and bran unchanged: Duluth, Sept. 14. -Wheat --No. 1 hard, 94a; No. 1 Northern, 93c; No. 2 Northern, 91c; Montana, No. 2 hard, 92c; September, 91c bid; December, 90%c. Linseed cash, $1.63%; Sep- tember, $1.63 bid; December, $1.63. Live Stock Markets. Toronto, Sept. 14. -Best heavy steers, $8 to $8.10; butchers' cattle, choice'$7.60 to $7.85;do., good, $7.20 to $7.45; do., medium, $6.40 to $7.10; do., common, $5 to $5.50; butchers' bulls, choice, $6.50 to $7.25; do., good bulls, $5.90 to $6.35; do., rough bulls, $4.75 to $5.25; butchers' cows, choice, $6.50 to $7; do., good, $5.25 to $6; do., medium, $5 to $5.75; do, common, $4.50 to $5; feeders, good, $6.50 to $7.30; stockers, 700 to 900 lbs., $6.25 to $7,25; canners and cutters $3.75 to $5; milkers, choice, each, $65 to $110; do., common and medium, each? $35 to $50,..Spring- ers, $50 to $95; light ewes, $6 to $7; do, bucks, $3.50 to $4.50; yearling lambs, $7 to $7.75; Spring lambs, cwt., $8 to $8.60; calves, good to choice'$8 to $11; hogs, off cars $9.40 to $9.65; do., fed and watered,' $9,25 to $9.30; do., f.o.b., $8.90. Montreal, Sept. 14. -Butcher steers -Good, $7.25 to $7.50; fair, $6.75 to $7; medium'$6.25 to $6.50; butcher bulls, $4.25 to $6; canning bulls, $3.50 to $4. Butcher cows -Choice, $6 to $6.26; good, $5.50 to $5.75; fair, $5 to $5.25; poor to medium, $4.25 to $4.75; COMM'S and cutters, $S to $3.50 per Mt. Sheep, 4% to 51/4c, and lambs 7 to 734c per pound. Hogs -Selects, $9.50; roughs, $7.50 to $8.50; sows, $7.50, and stags, $5 to $6 per cwt., all weighed off cars. Calves, $3 to $13 each, according to size and quality. • Etiquet Enforced. Western customs of salutation are being precribed by Government order in China. According to the regula- tions, a man must take off his hat when 'he meets a friend. It was the practice of the Manchu dynasty to fix by regulations the proper forms of architecture, dress, salutation, eti- quet, and many other things. The new Republican Government is now adopting western customs by regula- tions according to the* Manchu sys- tem The proper custornes for dif- ferent functions -the frock coat, ev- ening clothes, silk hat, etc. -were Pre- scribed about two years ago. Now, as stated, the foreign customs of tak- ing off the hat, shaking hand, and bowing are being officially adopted. French Politeness. , As a truly politenation e world the French undoubtedly lead th, thinks a centributor to a British weekly. The other day a Paris dentist's servant opened the door to a vvoebegone patient. "And who, monsieur," he queried in a tender tone, "shall Phave the misery of announcing?" Sublime Porte.'literally means "lofty gate," It is the principal en- trance to Seraglio at Constantinople,' and is the place from which the Ism - genial edicts arc issued. , PRIDE OF POORER FRENCH WOMEN HER TALENT FOR ECONOMIZING BEING PUT TO TEST. Is a Wonderful Buyer, and She Al- ways Keeps Fancily Clothes Mended. Since the war the world has heard a great deal about the Frenchwoman of the people, and memories of her in the early clays of the struggle will remain with some of use to the end and beyond. Her courage, her stead- iness, her quick response to her Coun- try's , cdii, °emended our admiration and called for our sympathy. But the test of her great qualities has come with the long-drawn-out sacrifice, and, in spite of a minority which has fallen from grace, it is just to say that the French woman of the people have kept up the standard and fine conduct and steady equrage which they set up for themselves in the beginning. The business of being poor is a hard one, and, in spite of all her talerut for economy, the FrenenWeinan is testing that talent to the uttermost. Most of them have the State grant or the allowance of the unemployed, but 25 cents does not go very far in these days of dear food, and 50 cents , for a child is not nearly enough to keep hunger away from the house. Consequently, the women must work, and work hard, if they would succeed in making both ends meet. She is so used th pulling herself out of her own difficulties that she has learned never to drop the armour of self-defence, and the average Frenchwoman of the people would a thousand times rather economize by her own intelligence than accept charity from those who are above her in the social scale. She has a little yhrase that is rather a symbol of pride than humility; "nous Au. tree" is that she calls her class in distinction from those above her, and it is to her credit that she looks up- on her class and her work as some- thing sufficiently dignified to stand alone. She snakes no attempt to ape those who can afford to dress better and live in luxury, but she firmly holds to the traditions of the family to which she belongs. Education is Practical. Her education is useful and prac. tical. She is well grounded in arith• metio, and is sufficiently learned in her own country's history to ap- preciate its victories and lament its deficiencies. She has an inherent dis- like of politics, for she generally suf- fers from the effect they have on her inen. She rarely drinks to excess, she is a practical, affectionate mother with ambitions for the success of her children in worldly matters,. and she sacrifices almost' anything for their material benfit. She can cook, and wash, and sew, and is generally tidy, if not scrupulously clean. She is a wonderful buyer, and in that is one of her great economies. To watch her doing the daily marketing is in itself an education in economy. In cooking also she knows how to make the best of every bone and every cabbage leaf„ so that here again she saves money. Her rule of keeping things mended is yet another way of saving sous, and anyone who knows France will re- member the wonderful patches to be seen on the blue overallsof the French workmen. Every sou that is saved, goes into stocking, or into the savings bank, and it is a dire need which makes her take it out. . Gifts for Men at the Front. To -day a good many women are experiencing that dire need, although there are still thousands' of stockings intact. For one current expense only they will touch the stocking; and that is for the weekly parcel which is sent to the front. Every working woman in France sends a neat calico -covered parcel of regulation size to her man or her men at the front once a week, and when we see piles of them at the stations waiting to be sent off, each one clearly addressed to privates and non-commissioned men in Belgium, in Flanders, in Alsace, and in the Ar- gonne, we realize that in each goes a portion of some unselfish woman's economies. They are humorous and pathetic, man yof those parcels, for they tell of such little personal likings and such tender extravagancies. Wine is often put in the parcels'though against the rules. Pate de foie gras is another thing they love to send, and all sorts of little expensive dainties such as they only tasted on fete days in time of peace. Nothing makes one love their econ- omies so much as to see some of their extravagances at the present time, for every folly has its gain of self- sacrifice, and every sou taken from the stocking will be replaced later on by some act of self-denial, or by some less admirable, but probably more effective, business methods of dealing with her employer. It is not reasonable to expect extraordinary thrifty people to have the virtues of the unthrifty, and if the women of Prance are self-interested it is be- cause they have learned to be self- supporting. WHAT THE WAR COSTS CANADA. About $45,000,000 per Annum to Pay the Men at the Front. An investigation of militia records ehow that one-fifth of the total Cana - atm fighting force Orti Married men. The fact that the married men form- ed the greater proportion of Britain's fighting army was urged as a strong argument in favor of conscription. Following out the same line of argu- ment there would be little need for conscription in Canada. Canada is paying out $125,000 a day to her soldiers at the front. This sum, which. aggregates about $46,000,- 000 a year, is being rapidly increased. Twenty -live thousand Sepal:lotion allowance cheques are issued each month for a total of $15,000,000 year- ly.