HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Clinton News Record, 1918-5-16, Page 6TO ,t,KRA 111% 10 4r flesh the bowels
egularly with
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WAR AND FOOD SERIES, A
RTICLE No. 16 POTATO FLOUR.
Everyone' doesn't know it but the
fact remains that delicious white
bread may be made simply and solely
from potato flour. Thih is not a war
discovery. Long before August, 1914,
and the beginning of the reign of
bloodshed, potato flour was in use and
bakers liked it particularly for mak-
ing sponge cake.
There are enormous quantities of
potatoes in Canada. The farmers
know that; their wives know it; city
people know it. • .What are we going
to do with them all? Are we going
to allow such valuable -food material
to go to waste?
Senator Colby, loaned by the United
States Food Administration to the
Canada Food Board, and who has just
returned from the front, is impressing
it on his audiences all over the coun-
I try that he would not sit down at a
table where there was one slice of
pure wheat bread after what he saw in
Europe. To eat it would seem to him
like reaching his hand out and
' snatching it from the mouths of starv-
ing people. "Eat substitutes," he says.
"Eat substitutes," the Canada Food
Board has been preaching for months
past. "Eat substitutes," echo all
thinking and earnest -minded people.
They why not encourage the manu-
facture and the free use of potato
flour? It is wholesome, makes a
delicious loaf and does not rob the peo-
ple of Europe of the thing they most
need—wheat and the manufactured
product, the staff of life. Bread is
the basis of social order. Everything
that makes life endurable in times of
stress depends upon bread. People
have bartered. their souls before now
for a crust of bread.
Indeed; starvation has reached such
a point in certain districts of Russia
that members of the improverished
classes are selling their wives and
children for bags of flour.
Is it not essential then that we save
white flour lest our Allies in Europe
reach such a pitch as this? We have
the wheat on this continent. The
United States and Canada alone are
in b position to meet Europe's de-
sperate need for wheat. And still
we go on using white flour freely! It
is time for potato flour to be given a
trial in order that increasing quantities
of standard flour .,may be saved.
Healthy men have lived and worked
for monthson a diet of nothing other
than potatoes, oleomargarine and a
little fruit. The food material in po-
tatoes is 98 per cent. digestible. Po-
tato flour is very fine in texture and
has an agreeable flavor.
Spring Diet.
During the spring and summer meat
may be entirely eliminated from the
diet. It is a source of protein, it
also produces certain acids that should
be offset by foods of alkaline nature.
Now that we are consuming large
quantities of oats, rice, buckwheat,
barley and corn, it behooves us to
know that these same cereals will not
counter -balance the acids left in the
system from eating meat. Frequent-
ly it will be found that the cereals will
encourage this acid condition. The
legumes, such as peas, beans, lentils
and unpolished rice, may be turned
into attractive dishes that will tempt
an epicure.
THE ENGLISH LINE.
"Stern and Sedate" are the Character.
istics of the British Soldier.
The period we aro now going
through is one of great strain, but our
advice to everyone is to feel and talk
optimistically, says a United States
Writer, It is the English against
whom the Germans are driving, and,
as the I{aiser himself has put it, the
English are "a very obstinate people."
Ile one of the fittest passages of his
essay upon Warren Hastings, Lord
Macaulay speaks of "that -stubborn
English courage, which is never as
Legumes are low in fat content,
therefore it will be neeesseryto'eup-
ply the amount that is needed. Beans
contain calcium, which is a bone -build-
-ing element. Eggs, fish, cheese may
be included for variety's sake.
Green salads and vegetables abound.
in vitammines and mineral salts,
which cause the kidneys and liver to
filter and refine the blood stream ac-
tively, thus removing many poisons
from the body. These poisons would,
under ordinary circumstances, revert
into the blood stream and cause auto-
intoxication, or spring fever. So,
therefore, let us all
First. Eat good, plain, wholesome
food. •
'Second. Just enough to keep us at
par.
Third. Use local products as much
as possible
Fourth. Use perishable foods dur-
ing the spring and summer,
Fifth. Drink plenty of water.
Sixth. Breathe plenty of fresh air.
Peas, beans, lentil's and corn showed
be looked over very carefully. They
should then be soaked overnight in
plenty of cold water. Cook until tender
and then the water is drained off.
Cover them closely with a clean towel
or piece of cheesecloth and let stend
for ten minutes in a warm place. This
will absorb all the moisture. They
are now ready to be made into ap-
petizing dishes that will delight the
family.
Potato . Waffles.—One cupful of
grated raw potatoes, one cupful of
milk, one egg, mix thoroughly and
then add two tablespoonfuls of melted
shortening, one tablespoonful of
syrup, one-half cupful of cornmeal,
one-half cupful of rye flour, three-
fourths cupful of barley, rice or potato
flour, three teaspoonfuls of baking
powder. Beat hard to mix and then
bake in hot, well -greased waffle irons.
Serve with honey or•syrup.
Salmon Surprise.—Open a can of
salmon and remove the skin and bones
from the fish.' Drain free from all
moisture and then mold into balls the
size of small apples. Cover with a
coating of mashed potatoes one-half
inch thick. Dip in beaten egg and
fine breaderumbs and fry until golden
brown in hot cooking oil. Serve with
tomato sauce, spinach, cole-slaw, bak-
ed apples and coffee to complete a
tasty meal.
Russian Salad.—One-half cupful of
cooked diced beets, one-half cupful of
cooked diced carrots, one-half cupful
of cooked string beans, two medium-
sized onions, minced +fine. Serve with
mayonnaise dressing,
Apple Cornmeal Betty.—Two cup-
fuls of cooked cornmeal mush, two
cupfuls of thick apple sauce, one cup-
ful of syrup, one teaspoonful of cinna-
mon, one-half cupful of raisins. Mix
thoroughly. Place in a well -greased
and floured mold. Bake for three-
quarters of an hour in a moderate
oven. Serve with caramel sauce.
Caramel Sauce—Cook one-half
syrup until it scorches a very dark
brown. Remove from the fire and
add: One cupful of boiling water, one-
half cupful of syrup, two tablespoon-
fuls of cornstarch, dissolved in four
tablespoonfuls of water, one teaspoon-
ful of vanilla. Beat to mix, thorough-
ly, while it is coning to the boiling
point.
stern and sedate as toward the close
of some doubtful and murderous day."
In these times we count great battles
by weeks and not by days, but we do
not doubt that the same, pirit inspires
the British soldiers. English, Irish,
Scotch and Welsh, with Canadians and
Australians to back. thein. They are
not panic-stricken, they are not even
unduly excited. "Stern and sedate"
are the adjectives the Eng11'sh histor-
ian uses, and we adopt them now.
The German soldiers are brave and
unyielding, but they will never break
the English line.
The edeas Perfection Pence
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f tb E 59x005 y05 t 01105. dnu t unt o or k
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.• M , it
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vcoonwrocanocceneattotemscioxecoi
unaway Julietta
By Arthur Heriry Gooden
Chapter L—(Cent'd,) single pearl, lustrous against the sat
"Dare!" ill-wltite of her skin,
She faced him, and as lie came up "My first Piece of jeWollry." She
her amus went round 'his neck, touched the Pearl with her fingertips,
"Reail and truly Pm running'"Undie Paul, I think it is about time
away, Clay; and, please, you mustn't
costae with 1ue--or say I nttietnet," She
turned slid sped away again, her
brown feet riffling the yellow dust in-
to little trailing clouds. And, young
as he was, Olay Thorpe reoognizerl
the finality in her voice and in that
good -by pressure of her slim arms.
He steed by his home, watching until
the little figure had vanished into the
shimmering &stance, then slowly rode
home,
"I won't, tell her folks," he loyally
resolved, "I won't tell anybody at
all,"
The sun was dropping behind the
snow -crested Sierras, Far down the
va1'ley a cloud of smoke drifted. By
this sign the little runaway knew that
the Transcontinental would soon
pause for a panting moment at the
La Vine station, Lizzie stared at bhe
smoke as the immensity of an idea
seized ber; Would two dollars take
her to Los Angeles?
that I fended for myself,.
"You're a dear _good, uncle," 5118
went on quietly, "You've been a neat
fairy to me, and I've let you. But
some day I shall pay back all this ex-
.pense; and I shall pay you not in love
alone, dear uncle,' Her tone became
matbe'r-ofefaot, You see, Ivo been
thinking a lot about—aboutmyself
and the world,
"What's all this nonsense?" ex-
olaimed Morrow, staring at her, "Fore
get it! When yon leave Mrs. Drake
next month ewer e going on to the
University, Your application has
been in for bhe last four years,
You.—„
"I've decided not to go." She
smiled gravely at him, '
"Not—to go! I've set my heart on
your going,"
I m sorry, Uncle Paul. I've made
other plans. I'm going to take up a
businese career. I don't like poverty,"
"Poverty!" Morrow wore a blank,
That was her first lesson in the use. helpless expression, "Why this Caulk
sof poverty? Does the feel of that
Aeneas of the dollar. She never for- pearl hint at poverty? I'm not a
poor man—"
"It's not that a't, all, and yeti know
it. It's something within me, Undo
Paul. It's something thee taken
hold of me; something that has come
to me day and night; something I
know!" She leaned forward. earnest-
ly. "I'11 not be dependent upon you,
Uncle Paul, exepet for love. I could
be dependent on no onel I'm going
into business. There's a big field
for women in business.
"My dear young lady," exclaimed
Morrow,. "the cities are teeming with
women in business. The woods are
full of 'em. Women lawyers, women
duced a little card and examined it, doctors—"
then stared at a number far above "You miss the idea," said the girl
Lizzie's head, gave Lizzie a quizzical calmly. "I'm not talking about
glance, smiled genially, and seated stenographers and the kind of women
himself beside her. who deliberately takes up the type of
The oar began to move with a gentle work for which a man is better fitted;
swaying motion very pleasant to the I am neither a drudge nor a masculine
tired body beside the window; the girl, I fervently hope. Am I?"
speed increased, telegraph poles be. "Eit? Why—'pon my soul! No!"
came a blur, and almost insensibly "I'm talking about read construe -
Lizzie Dare relaxed in the cushions tive business, big business. I'm go -
and closed her eyes to the cronning ing to enter the lists and shiver a
lullaby of the 'wheels. The stout lance with 'big business'," she went
man rang for the porter, whispered, on. "I'm going to make money—not
and presently a pillow was carefully a pittance, but loads of it."
inserted beneath bhe thick chestnut Morrow laughed suddenly.
cure thunderous roar of the passage "My dear, do you know how hard
men hang on to money? Do you
across a long bridge awakened her. know that 'big business,' or little busi-
Fol• a moment she blinked at the ness either, counts every mill and
lights, then remembered everything. grips it hard- You have a fine -
She was on the train! Beside' her was bitham
, and I am proud. of you for
the stout drummer, absorbed in a having it, but, my dear Juliette, you
magazine. Lizzie sat up and peered don't know—"
eagerly at the picture of a youngwo- "Don't know!" she broke in. "Don't
man, gloriously beautiful, gloriously know what? The practical side of
gowned. A fervent desire swept over it. Granted, I intend to learn that
the child. side of it right away. '-I'm going to
"Hello
Awake?"
The
stout
at her. Sheodded play
t
he enoddeedd. His face became grave
gravely, pushing back her tumbled as he watched her, appraised her,
curls with one little sun -browned weighed her in his mind's eye.
hand. V e11, well! Jiggled right off
to _dreamland, and back again, eh?"
She nodded again, her eyes apprais-
ing, questioning, pondering. This men; you were made to take your
big jolly man with the kindly brown high place in the world—"
Did anyone make your place for
you-" she flashed at him.' "Or did
you make it?"
The shot went time.
"What do you want to do?" he
got Lt.
She sedately walked to the Pull-
mans. A grinning black man, who
stared curiously at her bare brown
legs and hatless head, helped her
mount the vestibule steps; her air
of confident poise was oddly convinc-
ing. Possibly the porter thought
she belonged to 'The lady' in rustling
stile who preceded her, or to the stout
drummer who followed on her bare
heels.
She followed the lady in silk down
the aisle of the Pullman, and dropped
into an empty seat. The stout drum-
mer did not sit down at once; he pro -
"Listen, little girl! Baseness is a
life study. You were made for love,
not for dull scru-tin of books and
eyes and ready smile was very nice
indeed. '
"My name's Paul Morrow. Wha't's
yours, little girl?"
A flush darkened her cheeks. Her
eyes fell, and by chance lighted upon asked helplessly. "In concrete
the picture of the beautiful woman. teems?" s
Underneath was a name in big black
print.
"Juliette! Just Juliette!"
Into the stout man's eyes crept a
puzzled expression. Then he glanced
at the magazine, and chuckled sud-
denly,
'Pon my soul! You're a great
actress yourself, eh?"
"That's my name," she said firmly.
"Well, Juliette, what do you say to
tackling the diner? All right! Come
along!"
Chapter II,
A taxicab aped away from Mrs.
Drake's academy in Pasadena, and
slipped through the foggy night into
Los Angeles. Inside the 'taxicab sat
a young woman who crumpled a yet-
low telegram in her hand, then
smoothed it out and read it again, a
smile curving her lips, The message
was addressed to Miss Juliette Dare,
and read:
Love and congratulations to my lit-
tle girl on her eighteenth birthday.
Home to -day, Alexandria. Dinner,
Theatre,
Uncle Patel
Twenty minutes later, in the draw-
ing -room of the Alexandria, Paul
Morrow was holding her at arm's
length. He had not seen her for
ten months—the new president of the
'Truitt Shoe Company was a busy man
—and a great deal had happened in
that ten months.
He had last seen Juliebta with her
hair in a thick braid, her skirts about
her ankles, girlhood delightfully upon
her. She stood before- him Clow it
slim, coiffured, gowned woman, and
Morrow was shocked, It had not oc-
curred to him that Juliette would
grow up. But the swift sadness to
hie eyes was gone in exultation.
"'Pon my smell" he cried. "I ---
why, my dear, you're full of sure
prises! Here you are a real sere -
enough woman!"
"Do you remember how we came
into town that --•'that first night?"
Morrow's eyes were twinkling now.
1 get you a pe.ir oe side stockings at
a pawn -shop, and a pair of sample
shoes from my bag—"
"Anel hew I said then and there I'd
always wear silk stacking's because i
they felt so trice?" She broke in with
a ch!mhtg laugh, "And how we went;
to . Dlrak.e's--"
"MrsAnd brew nice you said alts was?
Do you still think so?"
"Yes, of course 1 do, Uncle Paul,'
And you too ----aren't you going to kiss'
me?"
Morrow reddened, ' I
"Why 'why -'poo my soul, Juli-
ette!'are,'''
-
ette!- Of urse 1 ale,"
They passed into the dining -room,
Morrow eyed her gown--ahe was in
blue from hat to slippeo's—and re,
ma .berocl that first night.
ppu, likeme grow up? Ant 1
tie fferent from the little girl of La
Vine?"
"ratite Eight years have made
la ltiro-p deer,0 till erduiCe--•Just eight years,
folw rd, ndsti don'toaauskoa ssingg'ile qui
lieu"
,itilitbtn obediently complied,
NoW, looki
S1 a turned to the mirrored well,
"(hl. A-Wa, gear'! pendanel Oh,.
'brio e P 1, Ian''G tt beAtttifu 1"
'e 1tta o bi ldiiy gl2." lt'lorrtar
stared ata her, f tsctineeed 11y hat'
beauty, 4401 :ted by bio eight b$ taut
"May I do it, first?"
His hand went across the table and
enfolded her slim fingers. He load-
ed down at them for a moment, then
m•et her eyes with his quizzical,
"Dear Juliette, you may do any-
thing in this wide world you want to
do, and you may always know that be-
hind you stands Paul Morrow and all
that he has. Yes, you may do it.
It will bring you sorrow and trouble
and failure, brut I shaft stand waiting
and watching, ready always to come
when your dear voice calls to me.
Now, what is your wish ?"
(To be continued.)
To the Dandelion,
Dear, common flower, that grow'st be-
side the way,
Fringing the dusty road with harm-
less gold,
First pledge of blithesome May,
Which children pluck and full of
Pride uphold,
High -hearted buccaneers, o'erjcfid
r
that they
An Eldorado in the grass have found,
Which not the rich earth's ample
round
May match in wealth, thou art more
dear to me
Than all the prouder summer
blooms may be.
How like a prodigal doth Nature
seem,
When thou, for all thy gold, so
common art!
Thou tcachest me to deem
More sacredly of every human
heart,
Since each reflects in joy its scanty
gleam
Of heaven and could some wondrous
secret show,
Did we but pay the love we owe,
And with n child's undoubting wis-
-' dole look
On all these living pages of God's
hook.
—James Russell Lowell,
THE HISTORIC
SALIENT OF YPRES
WHAT LOSS OF 'YPRES WOULD
MEAN TO THE ALLI14S.
Possessipn of the City Itself is of
Moral Rather Than Military
S'ignificanco.
"All of the Ypres salient le historic
ground," . says Colonel J, A, Currie,
M,P., in Itis account of the First Carl'
odium Division in Flanders, '!and every
foot is rich in sentiment. Every farm
house, every field bore the scars 'of
war—the houses and barns with their
broken tiles, the fields with almost
every hundred feet a 'crump hole'
where a shell had fallen and exPlod-
edi Some of these holes were ten
feet deep and thirty feet across. Life
was cheap in, this great salient and
the Canadians were given 'the post of
danger, the post of honor.' " •
His reference is, of course, to what
is'lcnown• as the second battle of
Ypres on April 22, 1916, often called
the battle of St. Julien. Both the first
and the second battles are called by
the French the battles in Flanders,
which seeme a better name for these
and subsequent engagements which
have involved the adjacent area.
The first assault by. the Germans
against Ypres in what is known as
the first battle of Ypres occurred on
October 24, 1914, but the Germans had
occupied the city on October 8, only to
be driven out of it by the British on
October 14.
Of Little Military Value.
The Germans then, as now, sought
the Channel ports and regarded Ypres
as the stepping stone to Dunkirk,
Calais and Boulogne. But to -day
Ypres Is only a heap of ruins and as a
Mese it is of little value to either side.
If the Allies give up Ypres they will
oppose the same steadfast resistance
between Ypres and the coast that they
offered to the Germans in the autumn
of 1914 and the spring of 1916, when
the latter tried to wrest Ypres from
British control.
If the Allies chose to sacrifice all
other consideration to holding Ypres
they could hold it. But Foch and
Haig think more of the conservation
of men than of real estate and are
willing to let the enemy come on and
kill themselves till the strategic mo-
ment comes for the counter -thrust.
So that Ypree Iost does not mean
that all is lost in Flanders. British
eeter
•
pride would be touched by the white
drawal and Germany would de her uta
abet to make it appear that a shatter,
ing blow had been struck at British
morale, But, like moat German claims,
It would not be true.
The prestige investing the name of
'Ypres is due to the three battles of
Getober-November, 1914; April -May,
1915, and from August, 1917, intermit
tontiy down to date.
In the first battle of Ypres the Ger-
mans tried to cut the forces of the
Allies in two, that they might press
on to Boulogne or launeh an attack
against the Allies south of the
Mach the same tactics that they have
been lately pursuing. The British
heroically held their ground and
biociced the advance of the Germans
along the Mersin -Ypres road. The bat-
ole was over when a desperate charge
of the Prussian Guard was repelled
with tremendous slaughter November
11.
Battle of St. Julien.
In April, 1916, the Germans made
their second concentrated assault upon
Ypres. The feature of this attack—
which culminated on May 8 and last-
ed until May 20—was the use for the
first time of poison gases, to the espe-
Dial disadvantage of the Canadians,
Colonel Currie describes this horror
eloquently: "Shells and rifle fire were
forgot in the scorching livid breath of
the chlorine. Scores of men died
where they stood, Some tried to
crawl away. The bearers brought
some out from the front line, but when
I examined their pulses I found them
dead, Poor fellows, their features
were distorted and their faces livid,
Blood -tainted froth clung to their lips.
Their skins were mottled blue and
white. They were a heartbreaking
sight to behold."
But the Germans were thrown back
again. General Haig in Ms report
for 1917 explains his -reasons for the
great offensive begun by him on July
Si at Ypres.
"The positions held by us in the
Ypres salient since May, 1916," he
says, "were far from satisfactory.
They were completely overlooked by
the enemy. Their defense involved a
considerable strain on the troops oc-
cupying them and they were certain
to be costly to maintain against a
serious attack, in which the enemy
would enjoy all the advantages in ob-
servation and in the placing of his
artillery. Our positions would be
much improved by the capture of the
Messines-Wytschaete ridge and of the
high ground which extends thence
northeastward for some seven miles
and then trends north through Br'ood-
seinde and Passehendaele."
The Messines ridge at its highest
Mpp IN CANADA
1°er rmating
soap.
For eefton-
tog water,
Nor relnevl.n0'r
palet,
toltr dletnfooting
eo,5!goratoes,
oinks, oloeolo
c$ralnonndforeod
ether sorfioeoe,
A00009 4I15Prlr„r¢tl.
mo•
1eof,'r,tf" ee Lee
has an altitude of 260 feet. The ridge
of Paaschendaele reaches a height of
174 feet (both heights being above sea'
level). Most of Flanders to the north
of this point --the sea coast at Oe -
tend being about twenty miles away—
is only a few feet above sea level. The
chief reason why operations went so
slowly last fall are set forth by Gen-
eral Haig An his report:
Canadians Captured Passchendaeie,
"The low-lying, clayey soil, torn by
shells and sodden with rain, turned to
a succession of vast muddy pools. The
valleys of the choked and overflowing
streams were speedily transformed
into long stretches of bog, impassable
except by a few well-defined tracks,'
which became marks for the enemy's.
artillery. To leave these tracks was to•
risk death by drowning, and in the'
course of the subsequent fighting on'
several occasions both men and pack
animals were lost in this way. Ind
these conditions operations of any,
magnitude became impossible and the
resumption of our offensive was neces-
sarily postponed until a period of fine
weather should allow the ground to
recover"
. The final movement of the British
toward Passehendaele began on
Thursday, September 20. I met that
evening behind the lines General Char -
eerie, General Haig's chef of intelli-
gence, and he showed with the aid of
maps that the Australian, English,
Scottish and South African troops
over a distance of eight miles of the
front had penetrated. on that first
afternoon to a depth of 1000 yards—
exactly what was required of them.
This initial victory was followed by
steady advances till on November 6
the Canadians, who had already won
imperishable renown in the fighting
round Ypres, captured the town of
Passehendaele, on the eastern end oe.
the ridge, about seven miles to the
north-east of Ypres.
The British troops in the last few
weeks have withdrawn from soil dear-
ly bought. But their morale is unim
paired. They will keep faith with the
dead and with the unborn.
iron sihau� �essyo
thCCe
A Fascinating, Historical and Political Record
Lord Shanghnessy's report:. to
shareholders at the annual meeting
of the Canadian Pacific Railway
Company, embodied a review of
the salient features of the company's
financial policy and progress leading
up to Its present stable position„ It
is shown that under the terms of the
contract dated October Slot, 1880, be-
tween the Government and the C.P.R.
the Government uadeeto'ok to give,
by way of subsidy, to assist in the
completion of certain western sec-
tions of the system then in process
of construction under government
auspices, $26,000,0011 in cash and 26,-
000,000 acres of land suitable for
settlement Subsequently the cash
subsidy was increased by $`1.0,000,000
and..as sae offset the land subsidy was
decreased by 6,700,000 acres.
In view of the present high credit
of the railway it is interesting to note
that the company's desire In the early
days to finance with capital steek
instead of bonds, was demonstrated
to be an impossibility, and as a con-
sequence Parliament authorized the
issue of $35,000,000, 6 p.c. bonds and
$65,000,000 common stook.
Unfriendly influences at home and
abroad so prejudiced the internation-
al money markets that the.original
$06,000,000 stock only yielded an aver-
age of lass than 46 p.c. of its face
value. The unwillingness of hives -
tors to pay a higher figure for the
stock in those days need not be con-
eiderd5 extraordinary, however, when
it is known that as late as 1896, when
the railway had been In operation for
over nine years, the stock was of-
fered in the market as low as 38 p,c,
'with but few takers. In 1885 Baring
Bros. of London were induced to find
purchasers for the $36,000,000 Met
mortgage bonds, and by, this means
the company was enabled to repay
the moans from the Government, and
to meet its floating debt.
The reviewas o o a to describe the
g
linking up of eastern Canada with
the company's system whinh served
thousands of miles of territory that
was practically uninbababited, The
pastern connection wee imperative it
the unt'etnunorative territory was to
be suoceesfuliy developed.
The history ot capital expenditure
' Is an interesting chapter, not only to
the history of the C.P.R, but also in
that of the Dominion Itself, After
1895, so rapid wits the traffic de-
evelopmeat, It was neeesaary to pro-
tide substantial additions to traffic
facilities of every description. from
1992 to 1914 inclusive, the records
*how expenditures for second tracks,
reduction of gradients, terminale,
work•eltope, etc., of $20$,800,000; and
for ears, i000motives, and other eq-
uipment $130,000,004, To meet this
expenditure of $33,6,304,040 the dime-'
tots appealed, successfully, to the or-
dinary shareholders of the company.
In the thirteen yeare mentioned, the
shareholders were offered and ac-
cepted $196,000,0.00 per value of com-
mon. stock for which they mild the
company 00 leas a sum than $262,-
100,000. Out or sills $83,760,400 of
bonds were paid• elf and retired, and
$26,209;090 was used 1•o pay rho cert
of raliway iina+s acquired or none
8truoted, and of additional team-
tihtps, on which tic itondde or deem,
turas were sold. ;Tho retf}atniug 591110
lirhf o $s201
aleo10,0pr0eferryd sdpeepmnnteqeduitpy
Mont
ttotos bringing in $5g8,541:0,0.00
had mdkllg a total eit $958,650,040 to
ripply egalnst expenditures of $93d,-
800,004, The difference of $77,650,000
Yvan provided from the surplus rev-
enue of the dampmny being a further
eentributlon by the shareholders of
that amount Proal surplus nr "an -
divided profits."
This remarkable financing. made
VaSelbio only by the faith and emir -
age of ahareholdeirs, "put the com-
pany in a position efficiently and
economieaily to deal with a large and
ever-increasing volume of traffic, al
the same time enabling the directors
substantially to reduce the bonded
debt, Notwithstanding the low price
at which the original $06,000,000 com-
mon stock was sold ($46.00 a share)
the entire $860,000,000 of this com-
mon stock noon outstanding has
yielded to the Company's Treasury
in cash an average of $112 for each
$100 of stock, and if the sums pro-
vided for capital out of surplus
earnings are considered (a quite pro-
per calculation, , as those earnings
were at all times applicable for divi-
dends) the shareholders paid an aver-
age of $143 for each eiee of stock
that they hold,
The explanation of the company's
extraordinary success in face of the
above record, is to be found in the
company's policy of 'keeping down
the annual fixed charges, while ex-
tending its rails into new productive
territory as opportunity offered; also
in the economies attending the tong
haul of traffic over one huge system,
eliminating heavy tolls for. eV/itch-
ing and other kindred services be-
tween connecting companies.
A brief reference to the Oceau and
Coastal Steamship branches le to the
effect that this property is secured
by a comparatively small demand on
capital account, and has a present
market value in excess of $65,000,000.
Other properties and asaet.s of the
company were purchased or develop-
ed by the su'plue income held in
trust for the shareholders,
Something About the Mad Grant.
The company's Land Grant,
"which is a source of serious anx-
iety to financial doctrinaires who
have only half studied the subject,"
le treated at oonsiderabis length in
the review, As late as 1888, when
the railway had been in operation
for some time, the Dominion Govern-
ment consented, as it consideration
for acme concessions under the Char-
ter to guarantee the interest on $16,-
000,000 Land Grant Bonds, but would
in no circumeta•nces guarantee the
payment of the principal which would
have given the security increased
market mine, although the bends had
fifty years to run and only represent-
ed a value equal to' 75c. per acre,
This did not reflect much confidence
on the part of the Government to-
wards Land Grant values, and there
is no doubt that at that time the
Government could have recovered the
whole Land subsidy at the price per
acre juat Mentioned, i.e., 75o. For
many years this Land Grant was a
drag on the Company's development.
Interest had to be mot: on the Land
Grant bonds, whose proceeds had been
devoted to the purposes ot the rail.
way, and although considerable same
were spent on immigration propa-
ganda, land sales were disappotntleg
$ad unsatisfactory, the. -armee yield-
ing the cotupan,v only Froin $1.50 to
t9.5.0 per acro, after selling expettaes
ad Wan pail. It woe not until
{396 that agricultural lands.ln West.
dsii Canada attracted buyers in any
numbers, and even in that year when
48,490 Ivrea were sold, and in the
!three subsequent years, tiro net re-
turn was only $2,84 per nets.
Shortly after the (1,P,11. contract
was made, the 1Pederal Parliament
oommenoed to vote grants of land In
very targe areas by WRY .of subsidy
for the construction of railway
llnes in western Canada, to many
companies Incorporated for that our -
pose. Most of these companies never
materially -ed, though much gond lanai
was ltespokan 11y them, 1.1111s 11er0a-
sillattlig the C,P.It. going furthorafleW
to satisfy the last 3,00-,040 acres of
its Grant. The company was com-
pelled to accept 'sada along the line
West of Medicine Hat, in the "semi-
arid" district, where there was little
or no water, which made the lands
practicailyvalueless. To recover this
tract it was decided to adopt a plau
of irrigation, and an expenditure of
$15,440,000 was made in the con-
struction of works and ditches com-
prising an area of 2,240,000 acmes. Of
this area, not previously worth five
cents on acre for practice) purposes,
portions now served by the ditches
commend high prloee.
The company has expended ap-
proximately $17,000,900 in the en-
couragement of immigration, and to
forward the sale of such lands as it
had received. Branch lines of rail-
way were also constructed io open
up the territory for prospective set-
tlers,
Of the original Land Grant 14,0.00,•
000 acres have been sold to date,
yielding approximately $94,000,000,
or an average of $6,72 per acre,
from which, however, must he deduct-
ed the expenditures during thirty
years for immigration propaganda,
agencies, commissions, etc'., togcthcr
with irrigation costs, making the net
return less than $5.00 per acre. On
the 14,000,040 acres thus i;.r sold,
taxes to the amount of 2.1 o'h1,000
have been paid into the Pekes '1'ieds-
ury.
The "Ten Per Cent Clause,"
In regard to the much discussed
"Ten per cent. clause," 4,110 review
states 'that the suggestion made in
some quarters that the spirit and in-
tent of this Clause was to limit the
company's dividend to ten per rent
Is entirely out of harmony with the
clear, unquestionable language of the
instrument. The Clause had no move
relation, direct or induce -1, rc the
C.P.R. dividends than it lead to the
dividends of any other rnl.wny com-
pany, or of any commercial or in-
dustrial corporation, Seventeen per
cent instead of ten per rent per an-
num might properly have heen dis-
tributed from the average earnings of
the railway had the directors not been
convinced that a prudent and con-
servative policy was in the best ;n-
terest or the property.
The total capital of the C.P.R. is
$623,000,000 which contrasts with the
actual cost of the company of $687,-
000,000
687,000,000 exclusive of $81,000.000 of rail-
way constructed by the Government
and handed over to the Company. It
la also exclusive of,$1$i,e10,ue0 pr0-
vidod from surplus earnings, !"rod
gales, etc„ expended on the property
and written o1r without Io'ing capit-
alized, so that based upon cast. leo
transportatiou system represent.; au
outlay of $818,000000 01', 9bant ,$61;
000 per mile.
The renset'valive !Maude] poiiey
of the dlreriors cannot lie better 11-
Iusl.rated than by the feet that rho
net sarnlhgs her ml le retial reed la
meet annual interest charges on Ibo
G, T, R., C., N. it, G. T. F'., and the
It T. Ti. wound suffice to rover the
annual interest charges, dividends on
the preference stock, and seven per
cent dividend on the common Stock
of the C.P.It.
hxtvenenus Investments, including
steamship lines, railway onhtpantes
00151de Canada, Government 8000111'
ties and loans, money set aside for In;
vestment, unsold lands:, amounts peyw
able on lands alrracly' sold, oval min,
ing and other properties, are appralS.
ed at $259,090,900 which. is snbr•Ran
Gaily below the market. value. Many •
of these properties incl reseursn hail
little or no vela: 1 ;.he - came into
possession oY 1' bel. wend
drivelnperl + l 7'1::1141i thry