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The Clinton News Record, 1921-12-1, Page 2Slake 7.7tis Yottr Creed. 1 »Dull be true,, For t ere ;,te have who trust nne; I wen et be pure, For tl.er„ . re them who sere; " I wend L' strong, For there is much to suffer; I z1, oral be bnnve, ' For there is nna:h to (hare I would be friend to all— 'rhe t'ce—the friendless; 1 would be giving Aud'forget the gift; I WQUXI be humble, nix I nY'e;. uy Weikn=sej I would look up-- And latish—anti lave --and lift. rove Can Earn Extra Money. There is nasny a farm boy' who knowslew !k fix ant repair the auto- mobiles,-t-r'ucks end tractors that are used on the farm. In fact, many get this sort of tnrcchanical training in the courses nffeeel at tho agricultural high 'schools; and there is no reason why they con not makes this knowil- edne and training earn a little isloney en t1;e side by firing and reepairibig sritomcbiios, tractors and trucks for c..„:' ?cable.• IL,tvo some neat Signa made and pont them at intervals on the road- side Haat• runs along the faem, at nearby cress=roads earners, where the sigtts.will be seen by passing autoists, farmers,;ete. and also have a sign at the front gate. An advertisement in the borne paper would also attract attention. Often auteerzobile tourists are in great need of help, one way or am other, and it proves a great saving of Lime and• expense to them if they eau fired some one nearer than the next town or viliage who understands a machine and can repair it, so that they can go on with their journey, They are more than glad to pay reasonable prices for such work. In charging for the work, one should Charge for the time; the parts used and if oil and gasoline are furnished, charge for these too. A tourist was having some trouble wail his engine and was limp ng along, !toping to Make the next towas aural find a' garage. 'A young fanner (tante along and asked ]rim what tate troti'bie was. On' being told!, the farm- er got out of his ear, repaired the tt=oud).ie and' newel the mon how to de it himself should it ever happen again,. The ratan told the farmer how much he had spent in trying to get this trouble fixed. Ile was pot ooaly willing to, pay for the wo'!t but for being shown how to do it himself. Thus you can readily see that•a boy may be •alzle to pick up extra money i£ he tan spare a little tithe for simple repairs that do not take too long a time from the farm work. The parte is true of tractors and trucks, Often much valuable time Is lost by being compelled to drive to town for a man to put a tractor in running order. When it is not pos sible to get a man in this -way, the ,farmermust hunt further, Suoh de- lay is very often expensive. There are few farms that de not have the tools and parts far simple repairs, if there •is some one on the farm who-under- staatds and dogs this sort of work. Do You Know. Why fanning makes ane cooler? Evaipea'ation Iowere the temperature. • Fanning -changes the air that is laden with moisture from the body. It is forced away 'and fresh air talles•'its Vete, The fabter.tltis is done the more rapidly evaporation takes place and the body is cooled'. Why an apple falls down instead of up? A force known as gravity. at- tracts all bodies towards the centre of the earth. This is why all bodies fall toward the groimd instead of away from it. How artttiu it ice is made? Am - monde gas is eompressed and then al- !•awed to 'expand throtegh pipes which aro surroundedby salt water. An ex- panding gas leerees the temperature. The atereionia gas, utpen expansion, lowers. the temperature eanaiderably belows$he freezing point of water. The water in the 'tanks is then frozen, ta, BITTEREST OF MAN'S ENEMIES HOLDS GREAT PORTION OF EUROPE IN ITS GRID. Grim Spectre Has Paid Many Visits in the Past, Even to Great Britain. In every chapter of the world's his- tory, hunger figures as the bitterest of mans enemies.• :War has wasted many fair Iande, and desolated countless homes. But the waste and desolation wraogbt by fanzine have been far greater and much crueller. B,3ssia has coffered more from fam- ine than has any other country of. modern Europe. Every flee or six years, for cen- turies past, there have been famines of varying severity in Russia. Drought has been the principal cause. • During the years which preceded the revolution, this was one of the stack platform cries of the enemies of Teardoni. Those who starve when •crops failed, these critics said, were e victims of the stupidity and apathy of a bureaucratic government. These very critics now are the rulers of Russia. What is the ee<fuel? Russia is afflicted with a famine .such as even she has never known he - lore. "Tbe people eat acorns, grass, rub- bish of all kinds.” "People now feed on grass, bark, and mice." A Scourge Great Pharaoh Knew. These are extracts from reports of the conditions prevailing at this min- ute in various provinces of Russia. Teas of minims of people are now starving in Russia. They are face to face with death in its most •hideous term. Ansi the civilized world can find no really effective means of bringing help. How can order be Introduced where chaos reigns? Thus is Communism hoist with its own petard—want and suffering with - oat precedent In the past, India hs suffered from fanzine mare even than Russia. ' One very. curious fact stands out in con- nection with Indian famines—they are in some mysterious way influenced by sun shots, Sun spots attain their maximum cle- txelopntent, roughly, every eleven years. The really bad Indian famines have almost invariably occurred when sun spots have been most pronounced. The went of all Indian famines was the great famine of 1760, This was just •after Clive had left the country and when Warren Hastings was at the height of his fame. According to the most moderate es- timates, 3,000,000 people perished dur- ing thie famine. The real figure was undoubtedly, much greater. Probably one out of every three persons in the country died For months,. we are told, it was impossible to move, abroad without hearing on all sides the cries. of the sufferers, and the very air was rendered abominable by bodies which there was no one to bury. Sines British rule became establish. ed in India, scientific irrigation and forestry (trees have •a narked in- iiuence on rainfall) have done much to remove the causes of famine, and the construction of good roads and bail - ways have greatly simplified relief work. But to exorcise the demon et famine more than this was required. Pages from History. When crops fail, a population, con- sisting largely of tithed laborers work- ing on the land, is apt to be thrown out of work for a whole year. In times oe famine, therefore, it is necessary to give to such people either food or the means of buying it. So it was that, in 1700, the British rulers of In- dia devised a scheme of organized relief which runs on lines similar to Britain's poor laws. These, too, owe their inception to famine no stranger to the British Isles. Not drought, but frost, rain, and artiflcfal causes have usually brought famine to British shores Among the worst visitations !nay be mentioned that which followed the de. vastation of the northern counties by the Normans. In 1009, w.e are told, famine spread over the land "so that men, driven by hunger, ate human flesh." - In tudor times there were several famines in England, caused largely by the desso]ution of the monasteries which, of course, had been great farm- ing institutions. These famines gave rise to a system of outdedr relief which is the basis of the present poor laws. So serious was the famine in 1595 that the contemporary chronicler la- ments that butter cost $1.21 a pound. He tells 1row "some 'prentices and other young people about the Citie of London, being pinched of their vitt. uals, tools butter from the market folk in Southwark, paying but 3d. by the• pound." f Inee their there !rave been Serious alnil'tages qR food in plugiand, but hover fermate, Food was OMNI searce in 1947, Britain now iq a Catlin try which imports 'seven -tenths of her food supply. Wliat will ltappea to her people in time of war if eve!' they Mae command of tbs seas.? Chinn Idplds the Record, Ireland has- been leas- fortunate in modem times --anti perhaps not only in this matter of famines—than outer parts of ilio United Kingdom, The Irish potato famines in. 1822 and 1840 were terrible indeed. During the latter famine, although Parliament advaned £10,000,000, a big sum of money for those days, 275,- 000 people died directly of starvation. The population of Ireland was re- duced to 2,500,000, ullore than; 1,000,- 000 people.• emigrated, and at least another 1,000,000 died of want and the peetiteuoes which followed to the wake of famine. But of all modern faminee; the great Chinese faminefeof 1877 was pelhapa the worst, No lets • than 70,000,000 People were affected, and despite, the efforts at the British and America's Governments, many millions' were left without any means" of keeping body and soul together. ' "The people's faces are black with hunger," wrote an Englishman who. was in C,Itipa at the time. "They are dying 'by theesands gild thousands. Women and boys' and girls are openly offered for sale in any chance way- farer." In Biblical days locusts commonly' brought about a failure of crops. They still do immense damage, particularly in the United States, but experiments conducted by the French in Algiers haye shown the world how the locust oan be founghte . 0 When Echoes Spell Danger. 'All the time he is flying, the bat ut- ters a weird'ieigh-pitched tweak, which is soshrill that many people cannot (tear it at all. It is the beta safety device, and it warns nim sen be is approaching dangerous obs^.seles such as, branches of trees or telegraph wires, Sound travels at a great speed— about 1,100 ft, a. second --and if it strikes any object it is thrown back in the form of an echo. If anything is in.ltis way, the bat hears the echo of his squeak; and knows that he must proceed carefully. Experiments are in progress with an instrument which will enable night. flying aeroplanes to make use of the principle invented ages ago by the bat. It consists of two parts•; a send- er for giving out a sound of uniform pitch and loudness, and a recorder which marks upon a dial any increase of sound due to an. echo. When this device is perfected a pilot who is caught in fog or darkness will have no difficulty in knowing whether he is approaching the ground or not. Dishwashing Made Easy by Automatic Device. Domestic utilities are rapidly reach- ing a stage of development that will render the housewife quite independ- ent of the kitchen maid. Dishwashing by hand is already nearly a lost art, and not much loss at that. A new de- vioe that is simpler than the average mechanical dishwater consists of a water trough that is placed 9n the sink, and that supports a revolving plate, on which 'can be suspended three triangular dish -holding racks, in such a manner that they always hang vertically as the plate revolves, and as they pass through the water in the trough. A Tall Yarn. Several villagers sat around the stove in the general store talking about the ravages of potato -bugs in their region last summer. Said Silas Wolverton: The pests ate my whole potato crop in two weeks." - "It took 'em only two days to dis- pose of nine," said William Gates, 'and then they waited to see whether I'd plant more." Just before this observation there had entered a salesman travelling for a seed house. He 'contributed this for the general edification of the farmers; "Well, Ilaw, that's remarkable, but let me tell you of what I saw in our own store. I sow a couple of potato -bugs examining the books about a week be- fore planting time to see who had bought seed." Hydro in Scotland. British engineers have estimated that electric power can be obtained by harnessing the tides of two rivers in Scotland at two-thirds the cost of steam. Elevated City. Madrid is the most elevated city in Europe, It is built on a mountain plain or plateau 2,200 feet above the level of. the sea. Being much exposed to extremes of heat and cold, it is 'very unhealthy - Prince Charles, second son of King Albert of Belgium, is a midahipattan in. H.M.S. Iienewn, :1 • BLUE COAL.! TIDAL WAVES FOR POWER 0 DEVELOPMENT IN NEW BRUNSWICK. A Plan to Utilize the Moon's Energy Through Harnessing the Tides. The moon weighs 73,000,000,000,000 tons, It is' a ball 2,163 milers in di- ameter, and its attraction Is so great that it causes two -great 'waves three feet high in- the ocean , on oppoa'ite sides o$ the earth to travel around the World ones in twenty-four hours. It *'this wave that makes what we call the tides. The.` energy` taus developed is so enerndns as 'to be inealeulable, yet it serves ho purpose useful to man. It is unlimited power going to waste. If only a way could' be found' to harness the moon and put it to work!' It is a problem which at the present time is' exercising the minds of many clever engineers-, and in a measure they think they have solved it. A gigantic tide -power development is soon to be undertaken at Hopewell, N.B„ on the Bay of Fanciy, The French have in view a similar engin" eering enterprise at St. Malo, on the Rance River. In England the Severn is to be dammed'andits tidal waters utilized for hydro -electrical jiower en so huge a scale that the plant is ex- pected to surpass Niagara as a pro- ducer of energy for Industrial pur- poses. Falling water has been called "white coal." Tide.wator available for power production has newly acquired an equally. picturesque -name — "blue coal." Engineers as yet find tide -power de- velopment practicable' only where the tide enters an estuai+f: and, with a pil- ing up of the water, rushes with vfo. lance up the channel of a river. This phenomenon is called a tidal bore, 00 is conspicuously, illustrated in the Bay of Fundy, where tides reach a height of seventy feet; on the Rance (at St. Malo), where they rise forty-five feet, and on the Severn, where they exceed thirty feet. If the water thus pushed up the river be captured in reservoirs, and allowed to flow out of the latter dur- ing the ebb, it can be made to drive turbines and generate electricity. With the adoption of suitable expedi- ents the output of powe'r may be ren- dered continuous throughout the twen- ty-four hours. Using an Oid Device. The waterwheel for utilizing stream power is undoubtedly of prehistoric origin, yet not until very recently bas It been, transformed into an apparatus employing turbines and generators for the production of electrical energy. Tide mills are very old. They were in use in England as early as the eleventh century; likewise in Brittany, and in China, where it is quite likely they originated. They were employed for grinding grain, .and sometimes as sawmills. Snob mills were formerly operated—perhaps some of them are still running—on the coast of New England, in places where a tidal inlet could be conveniently dammed, with a Pend to held the water that flowed in on the rise of the tide. Power for such a mill is derived from the flow of water into the pond and out again, driving a large paddle- wheel like that of an old-fashioned steamboat. A special arrangement is required to raise and lower the wheel to suit the rise and fall of the tide. Bevel gear at each end of the wheel - shaft transmits the power, the pinions being free to slide up and down two vertical spindles. Here, then, is again the primitive water -wheel, upon which, for the utili- zation of tide power, we have not up to new made any improvement. But, in the belief of competent engineers, there is no reason why it should not be developed, in suitable localities, in- to a hydro-electrio plant, with turbines and generators, the problem being re- latively simple, although of course, an outfit of the kind must be on a very large scale and costly. Place the power plant between two channels connecting the sea with a re- servoir basin. - Let one channel be closed while the basin Is filling, and theother while thebash) is emptying. Thus, by the help of turbines-, the flow o8 the tide can be utilized coming and going. Here you have the idea pre- sented in simple form. Tide Power at'Hopewell, N.B. At Hopewell N.B.; two rivets, the Memrancook and Petticodiac, join and empty into an arm of the Bay of Fundy, They need only to be dammed in ardor to provide natural reservoirs, Tides there are very regular, varying from thirty-eight to forty -live feet, The flood pours up the rivers nearly six hours and flows back during six and a half hours. . According to plena wbich have bean worked out, a dam 4,500 feet loug ie to be built across the PetitCodipo, and another dem 4,800 feet long to ,span the • 1'demt'ani noir. A wing dem 900 feet In lcpgtl} will connect the two,, P110 power station will be on the wing dam, Along the WAS Of the dame will be a road to facilitate shore-to-sllotto seal^ munieation wIUs a trolley line aper- ated by the plant. To pass vessels up and down the Petitcodiac the gates of a lock will be swung opetl by elec. ti trdices. power at tithes' suitable to the The initial cost of the development is estimated. (for 00,000 horsepo'wer) at $11,000;000, At a'future time, when more, power is needed, expansion et the works will iarease it to 20.0,000. horsepower, The site, central to a pre.,. sept population of 950,000, is deemed ideal for the puppone, and i0 ie be - bested that at Hopewell the world's first great tide -water enterprise will be brought to fruition, , In France a blue Coal Cammiasion,, appointed by the Government, is study-, Ing the problem of tide -power utiliza- tion at several estuaries along the coast. Practical work in this direction le being dens at two experimental sta- tions in Brittany, It is believed that tidal hydro -electric developments on the Rance River, at St." Malo, will go far toward making impossible a 1?aral ysis of Frenoii. industries' by another invasion from the east and Herdt. Development in the Severn. In the meantime; in.England, a gi- gantic development of this. kind is planned for the Severn River, which, it is estimated, will furnish power equal to that obtainable from the burn- ing of 8,500,000 tons of coal annually, Much of this power Is to be transmit. ted by wires to the city at London for industrial and other uses'. A huge dam is to be built across the Severn. Water will be let through' it as the tide rises, and, flowing out .dur- ing the ebb, will drive turbines and generate '500,000 eletrial horsepower (with a. "peak' of 1,000,000 horse- power) for seven hours, For five hours' the plant will be idle. But during that period another part of the project will be in active' operation, so that there will be no interruption of the power supply. Ten miles . away„ near the 'Wye River (which. flows into the estuary of the Severn), a great highlevel reser- voir eservoir will be constructed, with a power and pumping outfit, Surplus power from the Severn plant, during the hours; when the'latter is working, will pump water up into the reservoir through a tunnel (driven through solid rock) a mile long and forty feet in diazneter. When, at the end of the ebb, the Severn plant ceases to operate the water stored in the reservoir will be allowed to flaw out and downward through the tunnel, driving turbines which will operate electric generators, producing half a million continuous horsepower during the hours while the Severn plant is idle. The total power developed will be consistently. greater than is derived from all the hydro -electric develop- ments of Niagara. Sister on the Job. Melissa's- little brother was enter- taining in the front room the- young man who had just called. "Look here!" he said suddenly. "Are younigh•tgoing?" to propose to my sister to - "Why, I—er—what do you mean?" asked the youth with some agitation, "Oh, nothin'; only, if you are, you aren't a-oin' to sorpriee her. She's bribed me to go to bed at half -past seven. She's hung four cupid pictures on the drawing -room wall; got ma and pa to promise to go callin' next door, and has shut the dog . in the cellar. You'll get her all right; only, if she starts talkie' 'bout its bean' so sudden, tell her it dant work with you. See?" "'Gee -Whiz!" A, teacher in a rural district was in- structing a, class • of small bays in modern spelling. "Now, she said, "the"wood 'wagon' should have only one 'g.' "Little Johuny, a farmer's son, promptly jumped up in his place. "Please, miss," he cried, in a shrill voice, "if it is a pair -horse wagon it must have two "toes, Building Joint Railroad. Brazil and Paraguay are planning to build a railroad linking tbose coun- tries and giving the latter an outlet to the Atlantic independent of Argen- tina. Color Scheme. In India there is a species of butter- fly in which the male has the lett wing yellow and the right one red. The colors of the female are exactly 0p- posite. English in Malta. Eighty-two per cont. of the Maltase have chosen English as the lung -Liege for their children to learn. ..Only 18 per cent. have ohosen.Italian. The silkworm moth has been culti- vated for more than 4,000 years. . Wwjy 1 Both She Not Light a .Candle?" I've read that He worked with ilannier and nails Once down, there in Nazareth town, Maybe He hewed for the heats and rails And counted the rings in the cedar's brown The way we did when we built our own, This little house where I'm living alone; And that He walked in a garden too, Maybe the roses were ,sweet like mine ; It's mighty still in the duet and dew When birds fly back to the ivy vine. I hope there were hundred -leaved roses in flower When they left Him alone for that night hour. I climb to the pasture at sunset where Three 4reees stand out on the yellow sky, And i mind how He carried more than His share Up •a hill so thorny and high ; And the briers that catch at my skirt and shoe Seem saying, "They know not what they do, Down by the spring l remember when He sat by a well and the words He said, And days that I bake it cronies back again For He knew that the multitude needed bread; Out hi the field when 1 cattle corn I think how He walked -through the meadows at morn.. • He even knew of my candlelight, And I like to think when the short days come And it grows so chill with the early night . • That He met with them in a little room; When I close the door it is good•'to know He did thesame things long ago. -Virginia Woodward Cloud. • What Sort of a Man Is He? When a shrewd business.,man is making an investment in any enter- prlee, the first question he asks is, "What sort of a man is baok of the enterprise or the institution?" Every• thing depends- on the sort of a man who 1s at the head of anything. The quality of the bead will trickle clear down tbrough Froin the top of an or- ganization to,fhe very bottom, A Belated Insult. Manuel a colored fellow with a re- cord previously clean, was arraigned. before the justice of the. peace for. as- sault and battery, "Why did -•you beat that man up?" questioned.the squire.. ' "He called me a -rhinoceros, soh:'. "A rhinoceros? When did title oc- cur?" "'Bout three years ago, jedge," "Three years ago! Then why did you wait so long to resent it?" "Sedge, I ain't never seem no rhin- oceros till dis mawninr " For Personal Use Only. A small boy who wag sitting next to a very haughty woman in a crowded car, kept sniffling in a most annoying way until the woman could stand it no longer, "Boy, have you gat a handkerchief?" she demanded. The small boy looked at her for a few seconds- and then, is a dignified tone, cams the answer: "Yes, I 'ave, but I don't lend it to strangers." -ter-- -. Dilemma. Parker—"What's wrong? You. look worried." Streeter—"I am. I'wr'ote two notes —one to my broker asking him if he teak me for a fool; and the other to Miss Golding asking her if site would marry me. While I was out somebody telephoned 'Yes,' and I don't know which of thein it was!" ^^ For street Cleaning. In addition to the usual cylindrical brushes set at an angle, a new motor - driven sweeper has brushes that re- volve horizontally that can be lowered to clean out gutters. Silver Burnishing. Silverware can be burnished by a machine invented by a Swiss in much less than the time required for hand work by expert workers. Oyster is Strong. The oyster ranks as one of the ten strongest things to be found on earth. When this dainty a:hell-flsil is in its prime a force of nine hundred times its own weight is necessary to force open its shell. Electric Tannery. Using electric tanning machines, what is claimed to be the largest and masa up-to-date tannery in South America, 'has been put fn operation in Brazil, Ages of Birds. While a goose may live thirty years, a spara'ow-twenty-five, and- a crow as many as one hundred, ducks, poultry and turkei*s die of old age at twelve years, Fountain Ruling Pen A fountain ruling pen for draftsmen has been invented in -which excess ink can be drawn from the points into the barrel to prevent drying and clog- ging. Hanged by the Neck„ Tho mans who orders goods and them refuses. to accept them is a trial to shopkeepers andmanufaetarers of all. lands. A maven n way of serving suolr delinquents is described by an Awerl' can who has spent considerable time+ in China: There was a Chinese who macre ex• eellemt likenesses in clay, which he af- terward, colored, and : they were alto-- gether well -executed. To this man's shop the American and a Britisher' went -to see his perforrnineete They found the surgeon :of a mercantile ship sitting for his- portrait and complain-• Mg violently Of the extremely.. ugly phiz the artist was making.. After he had repeated this servered tines they man laid down lits stools and looking significantly at the doctor, said.: "HI, you handsome faceno have got, how can make?" Then, turning to the Englishman, ho continued: "Here can make handeame face; for too much ee handsome face have got" Tho ship's doctor was offended at both observations and declared that he would not pay for or take the model away. He kept his word and the next time the two friends called at the shop they found the image o8 the doctor tucked up, hanging by a rope around the neck to a beam with several others. In- quiring the meaning of that, the Chinese, with much anger', answered: "Al these have too much ee grand ladroness give me too much trouble, make -handsome face, no take, so must se hang up." Car'negie's First Million, Here la a story that has never been told in print, It tells how Andrew Car- negie arnegie made his first million dollars. He was the first irommaster to hire a dhemist. We all know how much chemistry has- bad to do with the de- velopment of steels, but at that period, whet- + the shrewd Seotchman was young, possibilities in that direction had not begun to be realized. In Europe there was introduced the so-called "Thomas basic process," which made possible the use of ltigh- phoaphoeus iron. Previously iron that contained much phosphorus was not available far making steel because the product was brittle. The process in question overcame the difficulty. Carnegie, through his chemist, got news of it, and he lost no time in securing exclusive rights to its use in the united States, At that time deposits of the Lake - Superior region had net, been discov- Brod and the States was getting most of its iron ores from Pennsylvania and Now Jersey. Carnegie saw that the new process would make available the iron beds of the Appalachians, where the ores are high in phosphorus, and he secured options on all the best of them. Soon afterwards- he sold these options at a clear profit of 51,000,000. It was simply a matter of being one jump a -head of everybody else, and Carnegie was- able to accomplish this through his wisdom in hiring a chemist. Smallest Increase, While Scotland now has more reai- dents than ever before, the increase in the last ten years was the smallest ever recorded in a similar period. 3. The best education in the world is that got by struggling to get -a living, What is defeat? Nothing but the first step to eomothin:g better.—Wen- dell Phillips.