HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Brussels Post, 1954-12-22, Page 3enctc�
all 0111411 1ll8301110e ,,,,.
Christmas Cards
How They Started
N.
.Christmas cards are so much
a p: -1, of the modern Yule sea-
son that one seldom stops to won-
der how the idea originated and
by whom,
This simple idea of wishing
your friends a Merry Christmas
brought honor and knighthood to
the originator, Henry Cole, a
middleclass Englishman.
Cole mailed his cards on a De-
cember clay in 1840. The cards
depicted a Victorian family as-
sembled at the festive hoard and
the traditional Christmas custom
of giving to the poor. They also
bore a now -classic greeting: "A
Merry Christmas and a Happy
New Year to you."
He had a thousand of the
cards struck off by a lithograph,
They were such a success that
plain Henry Cole' subsequently
became Sir Henry Cole.
The cards we send today, howe
ever, a far cry from those mail-
ed by Cole, The cards you send
and receive this year will be de-
signed by famous names in con-
temporary art.
A Canadian shopping for cards
this year may select scenes paint-
ed by such famous people as Win-
ston Churchill, Britain's prime
minister and famed amateur ar-
tist, and Grandma Moses, one of
America's most famous artists.
The demand for cards is so
great that many companies
spend their entire time in design-
ing and producing them for the
holiday season.
How to Take Care
Of Xmas Gift Plants
With the approach of the
Christmas holidays many of us
will receive plants for gifts.
Into our homes may come a gay
poinsettia, a jolly little 'Jerusa-
lem Cherry, a festive azalea, a
cyclamen with its fluky orchid -
like blossoms, or any one of sev-
eral others. If we have a friend
who has separated a treasured
Christmas Cactus this year, we
may even get one of these fa-
vorites.
Where .do these plants come
from? we ask. What kind of care
should each one have)
The poinsettia was discovered
in 1828 growing wild in a Mexi-
can valley by a man named J.
R. Poinsett, who was minister
plenipotentiary to Mexico. He
was so delighted with it, he sent
roots to Bertrams' garden in
Philadelphia. Later Professor
Graham of the Botanical Gar -
dents at Edinburgh named it for
the discoverer.
This symbol of Yuletide deco-
ration is of the Splurge family,
cousin to the Crown of Thorns
plant some people raise in their
homes, and to the familiar Snow
on the Mountain in our gardens.
Its other nameis Painted Leaf,
Tilateeoiis 'blossoms" are not -
flowers, b u t simply colored
bracts writes Millicent Taylor,
Garden Editor of the Christian
Science Monitor.
Its tropical origin tells us that
it likes warmth, sun, n0 drafts,
It will appreciate tepid spray-
ing of the leaves (not the color-
ed bracts) every day or two, In.
warm climates where It grows
outdoors (Hawaii, Florida) it is
a,handsome shrub from two to
10' feet high.
The Jerusalem Cherry is not
a cherry at all, but a cousin of
the eggplant and the "Irish" po-
tato. A native Of the Old World
— probably Madeira — it has
been naturalized in Florida and
other subtropical climates,')t is
sensitive .to dry air, to gas, and
to heat. It must havea cool room,
60 degrees, sun, and likes a daily
syringing of its leaves.
The azalea comes to us from
eastern Asia -- China, Japan,
Korea - and some varieties are
native- to North America, The
word is Greek for dry, from the
mistalcen notion once held that
the pleat liked dry sites. Its
shallow roots, in fact, mean that
it needs regular watering. Give
it e south window, but also cool-
ness — 45 degrees at night, 55
by day, It likes acid soid, and is
a member of the Heath family.
Our cyclamen originally came
from the Mediterranean regions
Its ancestors may have origi-
nated in Greece or Syria, flow-
ering in spring as they do there
still. Its name in the Greek,
Kyklamir-os, was known in an-
cient times,' and describes its
roundness, the,whorlof its basal
stems,
It is fond of sunlight, but must
be cool, and moist' -- a mem-
ber of the primrose family,
Water it from the bottom, gen.
erously, but don't let it get seg.
gy.
The Christmas Cactus isn't a
cactus at all, and should not have
cactus treatment. It grows wild
in the Amazon valley, perching
high up In the crotches of hard-
wood trees like an orchid, You
may have discovered, as I have,
that it flowers best when used as
a hanging plant. Its fountain of.
crablike leaves and fuchsia -like
blossoms show off to best advan-
tage from on high.
It likes manure water during
December and January, and a
drink of tepid water every third
day. It appreciates a syringing of
its leaves daily, or at least week-
ly, like an eastern or western
exposure, and a temperature of
60 to 70. Overwatering makes it
drop its buds, and it also objects
to drafts.
Christmas Was
Against The Law
The Puritan government Of
England outlawed Christmas in
1643. With the restoration of the
Stuarts Christmas customs and
traditions were revived, but
Christmas never regained its.
former prestige in England.
It is Observed religiously in
the churches and as a day for
family reunions and social gath-
erings, in contrast to the lavish
feasting and boisterous merry-
making of olden time.
Merry -making and gift -giving
come in for their share- howev-
er, on December 26 which is Box-
ing Day. The origin of Boxing
Day antedates Christmas and
can be traced to the custom of
gift -giving during the Roman
festival 01 Saturnalia.
In Christian liturgy December
26 Is observed as the feast of St.
Stephen, the first Christian mar-
tyr, and during the centuries
when journeymen and appren-
tices were in the habit of levy-
ing upon their masters' custom-
ers, "Christmas Boxes" were col-
lected on St. Stephen's day.
Wrote Famous Poem
For Family Only
Dr. Clement Clarke Moore was
ashamed of his famous poem,
"Night Before Christmas" and
would not acknowledge that he
'wrote it for more than 20 years.
Today, the poem which be-
gins—
'Twas the night before Christ-
mas when all through the house
Not a creature was stirring,
not even a mouse:—
is one of the most beloved of all
Christmas writings.
Dr. Moore was an aloof pro-
fessor of Greeltnd Oriental lit-
erature in the Episcopal Semin-
ary in. New York,.He wrote the
poen on Christmas Eve 1822 and
read it to his seven children.
He had not planned for the
poem to go further than his own
family, but a relative who was
visiting the Moores put a copy in
her diary. The next year the
relative's father sent it to s
newspaper.
Other newspapers printed the
jingles and they quickly became
known all over the country. The
dignified Dr, Moore was ember,
rassed and considered it beneath „
a 'man of his scholastic stenciing
to be the author of children's
jingles.
Twenty-two ,v ears later,how.
ever, he finally publicly amitted
authorship of the ji . "'es and it
was published in book form un-
der his name for the ,first time.
0 milippipr; 01111 ��► ��►�I�jjl11�C4.•�,' it :►
' Ir'>►'', 1111111h 111
wIttlig ll
111111 l►t q i 1II, Jvl Ili til
!lII !'�jl► jI SII jl�i III����ijj llllilllll
1l_"e11111l.1s1 �I . 111 j mmtlili
w u+uuieii�
How Rudolph Rose
To Popularity
That reindeer is becoming a
tradition.
Once upon a time there was a
reindeer with a built-in flash-
light bulb for a nose. YOu know,
Rudolph, the red -nosed reindeer.
From a small beginning in 1938,
the little animal with the built-
in beacon has become as famil-
iar as Humpty-Dumpty and Cin-
derella to youngsters every-
where.
First invented as a sales give-
away promotion for Montgomery
Ward by Robert L. May, Rudolph
was featured in many free book-
lets before he became associated
with Christmas. Songwriter
Johnny Marks liked the title
"Rudolph, the Red Nosed Rein-
deer," so he wrote a song about
it. He was so sure he had a suc-
cess that he started his own pub-
lishing company, using "Ru-
dolph° as his first release. Gene
Autry made the initial record.
ing, and that one record sold
2,000,000 copies.
Last year, .there were 16 dif-
ferent recording of the song for
sale, ranging from boogie-woogie
by Sugar Chile Robinson to Bing
Crosby, and cowboy singers.
Christmas Candles
An Old Tradition
'To learn your luck for the year
they say,
Burn a bayberry dip on Christ-
mas day.
If the flame burn bright and the
light shines clear,
Good luck will be yours through
the year."
This old verse is beloved In
many lands around the world and
is said to be one of the reasons
that candles in homes are tradi-
tional around the world.
The custom is believed to have
started in Ireland. As the Irish
put it: "Who knows, on some
Christmas Eve, Jesus and Mary
and Joseph may come again, not
to Palestine, but to the Holy Isle
on the fartherest edge of Eur-
ope." And it is the custom that
the candle can only be snuffed
by one named Mary.
Their first use for Christman
is not recorded in the annals of
any nation, but that the "Christ
Child Candle," burled in the
window an Christmas Eve is, ac-
cording to an old legend, placed
there to light His;, way if He
makes an early visitation and
in atonement for the night of
His birth wheii there was no
room for Him:*
Nativity Play
With Local Scene
Don't Lot Fire
Spoil Your Christmas
The average Christman .tree
can go up in smOke In only a
minute Or so and that doesn't
leave much time to call for help.
A live tree with roote packed
In a bucket of earth ie the safest.
Be sure and keep the dirt mete -
tamed. A small tree is safer than
a large one and festive trim-
mings can make +gyp what is lack -
Ing In size.
Don't use lighted candles.
(This may seem an unnecessary
precaution in this day of electrie
lights, but lighted candles con-
tribute to tragic fires every year.)
Cheek the wiring for the tree
to see that it's not frayed and is
in perfect condition. The switch
for turning off and on electric
lights should be at some distance
from the tree. Don't plug or un-
plug lights beneath the tree.
Don't leave tree light on when
it isn't necessary and especially
when the family is away from
home. From time to time, check
over the tree to gee if needles
near the lights are turning
brown. If they have, move the
lights,
Watch the calendar. N e w
Year's is the day for the tree to
go down. If you should extend
the time, don't leave the lights
on the tree for more than a half
hour at a time.
Placa the tree well away from
stoves, radiators, and other sourc-
es of heat. When you smoke, stay
away from the tree. Also be sure
that the tree is secured in such
a way that it cannot fall. Do not
put It near a doorway where It
might block an avenue of escape,
should a tare occur.
"Gloria In Excelsis Deo"—Classic example of the Christmas Crib
is this detail from the Praesepe, or Manger, which is erected
each year in the apartments of Pope Pius XII, In Vatican City.
Carefully detailed, the figures are scaled in size to those of
St. Joseph and the Madonna, which are about one foot in height.
Manger Scene Comes Alive -- Story of the Birth of the Ci rist
Child is reverently re-enacted in the village of Rivisondoli, Italy,
annually during the Christmas season on the night of the Feast
of the Epiphany, Jan. 6. This was the traditional date to celebrate
Christmas until the Fourth Century, when the celebration was
assigned to Dec. ,25. In the re-enactment pictured above, the
Infant is the son of a real carpenter, as was the Holy Child.
Joseph is played by a 60 -year-old shepherd, and a 29 -year-old
women plays the Madonna.
•
Christmas Manger Is Italy's
Cherished Gift to the World
WAVALTANSCOMPAMEMGMEMMi
In France it's the "Creche," in Spain the `Nacimiento," in
Germany the "Krippe" and In English-speaking lands "The Crib."
But, by whatever name et is known, the representation of the
stable in Bethlehem on that first Christmas Night originated in
Italy. St. Francis of Assisi is said to have constructed the first
Praesepe, or Manger, about the year 1223 in the little village of
Greccio, near Assisi. Over the centuries, the Crib was adopted by
peoples of other countries in southern Europe, and then its use
spread to Germany and England. Pageants came into being, their
purpose to vividly present the story of the Nativity at a time
when written accounts were scarce, and the majority of people
illiterate. To this day some villages in Italy present the ages -old
story on January 6th, Feast of the Epiphany, when tradition says
that the Magi, bearing gifts, came to adore the Infant. Pictured
at left and below is the First Christmas as seen by Italian crafts-
men, actors and artists.
"The Holy Night" — Virgin and Child, principals of the most
joyful moment In the drama of Christianity, form the radiant
focal point of 15th Century artist Antonio Correggio's famous
painting. "The Holy Night." The original hangs in Dresden,
Germany.
Round about 1930 Henri Ohoon,
well-known French author and
playwright, founded a small act-
ing group called "Les Compag-
none des Deux". Rehearsing 1s
the evenings and playing mostly
at week -ends, the company pet.
formed mainly religious playa.
Their acting was simple and imp
tensly sincere: amateur in the
best sense of the word .— using
the theatre as an extension OR
their Christian faith.
Since they played in Church
halls as well as in Paris theatres
their scenery and effects were of
the simplest and their plays, te0,
had something of that simplle-
ity.'
Gheon himself wrote one oft
the most famous Of these ..g.
"Christmas in the Market Place,"
The pk is the Nativity Story
acted out by a group of roving
gypsy players on a cold Christ-
mas
hristmas Eve and its modern setting
and idiomatic language make
the story live anew whilst main-
taining the balance between the
racy simplicity of the gypsy
family- and their personal inter-
pretation of their great subject.
At the Crest Theatre under the,
direction of Basil Coleman we
are promised an imaginative pro.
duction with a Toronto street -
scene as its setting, and carol -
singing in which the audience
will be invited to join,
A cast headed by Barbara Chile
Gott, Donald Davis, Amelia Hall
and Eric House will include 10 -
year -old David Sniderman, who
has recently been highly praised
for his radio and television
work.
The play open on Tues., Dec.
14 and there will be performanc-
es on both Christmas Eve and
Christmas night,
On December 28th, Frances
Hyland .and Murray Davis (who
has been in England for some
weeks) rejoin the company to
play Beauty and the Beast in
Nicholas Stuart Gray's gay ver -
skin of the old fairy tale,
Big Cities Copied
Small . Town idea
It was a small town that first
thought of lighting an outdoor
community Christmas tree.
Four communities are believ-
ed to have thought of the idea
about the same time - as early
as 1913. Two of them, McDonald
and Germantown, were in Pen-
nsylvania. Salem, Ore., decorated
a large Sitka spruce Riverside,
Calif., illuminated a large ever-
green, an Aracuria.
The first national Christmas
tree was in 1924 and was spon-
sored by the American Forestry
association, The event is now
televised every year.
Two of the most spectacular
outdoor displays are at the White
House and Rockefeller Centre,
The New York display is pos-
sibly the most elaborate in the
world.
But it was the small towns that
,first thpught of the idea.
Today, nearly every commun-
ity in the land has some kind of
Christmas : decorations. Many
communities string colored lights
across the streetand decorate
light posts with evergreens.
Many suspend bells and stat at
street intersections and have,
dazzling community trees.
All Tire World Lovas
A Simla Cared
The most beloved carol of the
many that are sung M • all mite
of the world is "Silent talent"
that simple and tender German
song.
Tts
origin was was unknown for
many .years. Recent research,
however. disclosed that it e'cs
written by Joseple Mohr, an as.
sistant priest in Oberndorf in
South Gf rmany. The melody was
composed by a schoolmaster,
Franz Gruber.
The poet and the composer
were part of the choir that sang
the carol for the first time on
Christmas Eve to the Oberndorf
church in 1818.
The night It was sung the
small church's organ was out of
order and the choir sane to the
accompaniment of a guitar.
Since then the carol has been
sung to the tune of almost evere
musical instrument in the worir
and in the languages of nr'erh
• all men.
..r