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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Brussels Post, 1917-8-16, Page 2.,,Kee«--- • You May Not Know.. If you use an enamel cover for your tires, be sure yob put it on right side up, Sometimes we find one put on upside down, which will cause it to hold the rain instead of shedding it. Keep watch on the spokes of the wheels, especially if the car is an old one. If spokes can be shaken, tighten 'the bolts on the flanges of the hub. If they are still loose, consult a wheel - Wright, as your life may be endanger. ed by the breaking of a wheel. Do not neglect to take a few spark plug cores with you on your trip. The metal parts of a spark plug will last almost indefinitely, but the cores iniust break in time, and that usually Means buying a new spark plug, As the sores can be bought for a fraction of the cost of a new spark plug, it means economy to carry a few with you. Also carry a few extra gaskets, Occasionally the interrupter be- comes loose, and it is important that the beginner should Learn to set it. This trouble is shown by the fact that the engine will not start when crank- ed, but gives only one or two explo- sions. Where an engine has been run- ning properly and the above trouble develops, inspect the interrupter im- mediately. Spark plug procelains crack from IL variety of causes. A chance blow from a wrench while tightening, pull- ing too hard on the ignition wire, dropping the plug or a defect in manu- facture are frequent causes. But the usual trouble is from screwing them too hard into the cylinders. As the plug heats up and expands it cracks the porcelain. Do not wipe dust from your car with a cloth or a piece of waste. It grinds the dirt into the varnish and will ruin the finish in sheet time, Have the ear washed if you want the finish to last. It should be remembered that in the event of running short of gaso- line in a locality where the supply cannot be replenished, stove naphtha and even kerosene oil can be used if mixed with as large a proportion as possible of the gasoline remaining in the tank. The one precaution to be observed is to keep the engine running and to keep it hot, even if running with a re- tarded spark is necessary in order to prevent the cylinders from becoming too cool to vaporize the charges prop- erly, Difficulties with the mixture are sure to occurs but *n be remedied by careful attention to the regular ad- justments. Remember that chains are needed in summer as well as in winter. A heavy rain will soon make the streets and roads dangerous. Some people carry only one chain, on the right rear wheel, away from the curb. Two are better, both on the rear wheels, but it is best to use four and have one in reserve. All new cars and those wich have been run a few hundred miles should have the cylinder oil drained from the crank case. It is good economy to have this oil drained after the first 500 miles, on account of the accumula- tion of grit, particles of carbon and dirt from bearings in the oil. This grit is kept in circulation and acts in the same manner as emery, cutting the bearings. WOMEN'S WORK IN THE ARMY REPLACE SOLDIERS IN MANY DEPARTMENTS. Altogether 27,000 Are Doing Hospital Work as Doctors, as Nurses and Orderlies. When war broke out there were 290 nurses in the Imperial Military Nursing Service and 178 in reserve. Besides these, 800 were called up et once from civilian hospitals for duty with the expeditionary force. Small as this number now seems, it was sufficient to staff the twelve hospital units which went overseas with that first army, and also the permanent military hospitals in Great Britain. Behind this regular nursing service was the Territorial Service, the se- cond hospital line, All its nurses were in civilian work and drawing no army pay, hut were pledged at the outbreak of war. to come to the call of the State. Such were the preparations for war already made in time of peace, and they were complete and ample for the old army. But the nursing service, like the army itself, had sud- denly to grow beyond all that had ever been expected of it, with this difference, that while the first of the new armies were set to train them- selves in six months, and in that time had become soldiers, no nurse was accepted unless she had had three years of service in a large hospital. 13,000 Trained Nurses. Even with this standard set the needs of the great armies have been met, and now after two and a half years of war, that service of 300 with its 170 in reserve, and the 800 civilian nurses attached to it has grown to close on 7,000, and is steadily grow- ing. At the same time the territorial nurses have increased to close on 5,- 000, and they, too, enlisted originally for service only in the hospitals of Great Britain, are to be found at all the fronts. These women, nearly thirteen thou- sand in number, are all fully trained nurses, but besides them it has been found advisable to recruit a certain number of partly trained and untrain- ed women who work under the nurses gs probationers. These number near- ly 8,000, Arduous and Difficult Tasks. These twenty-one thousand women are in the Army Nursing Services, but there are abroad, besides, those teamed nurses, some in British hos- pitals, some in the hospitals of the other allies, who work under the Red Cross and the Order of St. John of Jerusalem. These two bodies have under their joint control all those nurses who are not under the War Office, and they, like the army, in- sist, in their choice, on a full three years' training and take only those who are fit for the work, For, in the first enthusiasm of the war, unauthorized units had gone abroad often hastily equipped and with staffs half trained. Such un- tried workers broke under the strain. It was found the more necessary to have vigorous tests, as the Red Cross was choosing women not only for hospitals at home, but the most ardu- ous and difficult work overseas, for Serbia, devastated with typhus, and for the army in Gallipoli. For such work only the best would serve, Take Places of Men. It was a little later that the War Office decided to employ women in place of men in many of the duties of the army hospitals, as clerks, as typ- ists, as telephonists, as store -keepers, es laboratory assistants, as X-ray at- tendants, as cooks, as dispensers, and as cleaners, All these were duties that had be- fore been performed by the orderlies of the Royal Army Medical Corps. But since November, in 1915, not a man fit for service at the front has been enlisted in that corps, unless by reason of some special qualification, and now, neither in hospitals at home, nor in the base hospitals over- seas, nor on the lines of communica- tion are any men, fully fit, to be em- ployed. It is by the service of wo- men that this has been made possible. There are now 6,000 in the army hos- pitals taking the places of men. And even this does not end the tale of the work women are doing in the army. There are the hundreds who work in the Army Postal Service, there are the thousands who work in the paymasters' departments, there are the trained masseuses in hospitals at home and abroad, there are the 6,000 who are required by the Royal Flying Corps. Each week the num- ber grows. Of women working under the War Office alone as doctors, as nurses and orderlies there are 27,000, in place of the 4,000 -odd at the begin- ning of the war. The Russian government has auth- orized the cultivation of the poppy for the production of opium and oil for domestic consumption. GEN. KORNILOFF: MILITARY GENIUS HE IS RUSSIA'S MOST BRILLIANT GENERAL With Premier Kerensky He Conatl- tutes the Mainstay of Russia's Share in World War, Gen. Kornlloff lias lost no time in applying the "blood and iron" tonic se sadly needed by the Russian armies, He is said to have turned his artillery on one division that showed coward- ice. The armies under him will have either to fight the Germans or fight each other, but Kornlloff is deter mined that they shall fight. • This brilliant soldier, who was al- most unheard of outside of Russia un- til a few weeks ago, constitutes with Kerensky the hope of the Allies that Russia will continue to doher share of the common task, He has the con- fidence of his men and the confidence of the loyal element everywhere in Russia, 'Kerensky believes in him. He is the most brilliant of the generals who under Brusslioff conducted the sensational campaign last Summer, His own recent drive in Galicia re- sulted in the capture of 35,000 Teu- tons, and according to the usual aver- age, this means 100,000 were put out of action.4- Comes of Fighting Family Korniloff is In his 47th year. He was born in Siberia and, it is said, In a log cabin. From this It must not be inferred that he belonged to the pea- sant class, for the log cabin style of architecture is popular in Siberia. Korniloff comes et a fighting family, for he is a grandson of Vice -Admiral Korniloff, one of the mast illustrious of Russian sailors, It was Vice•Ad- miral Kornlloff who was entrusted with the defence of Sebastopol in the Crimean War. In the neck of the bay protecting this port he sank the flves warships under his command, ands. taking his men ashore, laid the founda- tions of that defence which held out for nearly a year against the cam - General Kornlloff biped cannonade of the British and French guns, Subsequently the Ad- miral died as the result of a wound in- curred on Malakoff hill, The present general was destined for the army almost from birth, and after passing through the Siberian cadet Corps he picked up one scholar- ship after another that made his path easy and plainly marked him out for an unusual military career. Brilliant Soldier and Linguist He obtained a commission iu the Siberian army, which was at that time a distinct organization from the Russian European army and the army - of the Caucasus; but when the war between Russia and Japan broke out the Siberian army was taken over by Kuropatkin. The young officer ad- vanced rapidly and to him fell the dangerous task of fighting rearguard actions as Kurapaticin put into execu- tion his famous strategy of "luring them on." So well did Korniloff dis- charge hie duties that at the end of the war he was awarded the Cross of St. George of the Fourth Degree, and presented with a golden sword, His next appointment waS to the Russian military staff at Pekin, where he con- tinued his sudies and incidentally ac- quired the Chinese language. It might be remarked that the Russlan gift of tongues, is brilliantly exemplified in Kornlloff, who speaks most European languages, besides Persian and Chi. nese. -' He was a brigadier -general when the present war broke out, and was Put in command of en infantry dtvi, sion, the same onae wiiieli has wore great fame in tills war, tha noted Fertyolghtlr, called by the enemy the "Iran Division" Tina dtvielonetggk part in the memorable sweep through the Carpathians under Russky and Brussfloff in September, 1914, The Russians held their positions through the Winter, but by the• time the snowbegan to melt the shortage Of ammunition had become acute, Battery, Commanders who fired more than half a dozen shells a day were galled on for explanations, The Rus- sian position was undoubtedly well known in Berlin, and so Maekensen Seized the opportunity for his famous drive. When it began at least one Russian divielon, the Twelfth, had penetrated the Dukla Pass, and had advanced seine 20 miles along the plains of Hungary. Had there been plenty of ammunition the whole Rus- sian army would have streamed after it, and the end of the war would have been in sight. Captured by Austrians However, there was nothing for it but retreat, and again Korniloff dis- tinguished himself by the desperate delaying actions he fought. 0 -le hung on so long: that on April 28 a part of his division was cut off and captured. Kornlloff was made prisoner and sent to an Internment camp about 500 miles from the Russian frontier. Here he remained until last Septem- ber, when he escaped with the help of a Bohemian soldier, This man gave his life for Korniloff, forhe threw himself between the fleeing general and' his pursuers and his own body stopped the bullets that otherwise would have brought Kornlloff down, He wandered on foot for three weeks, living for the most part on herbs and wild berries. On returning to head- quarters eadquarters be at once resumed com- mand of a division, but was summoned to Petrograd to take charge of the military garrison when -the revolution broke out. Sympathetic though he was with the revolutionary movement, he saw that the action of the Workmen's and Sol- diers' Committee was bound to de- stroy the discipline of the army, so he resigned, and begged to be given a command at the front. He was sent to Brussiloff, whose armies still retained most of their discipine and at the be- ginning of July began the sensational advance toward Raliez, A FEATURE OF NATIONAL FAIR. Loading of Transports at Quebec to be Shown at Grand Stand. A National Spectacle will be the Grand Stand production at the Cana- dian National Exhibition this year, planned on a scale calculated to write a new page into the history of patri- otic pageantry. The Heights of Que- bac are to be reproduced on a mam- moth scale, with the St. Lawrence and its burden of battleships and fighting craft in the foreground. The story will deal with the half century from Conferderation to the present day, and patriotism and infec- tious faith in Canada will dominate the giant -sized panorama, which will achieve a thrilling climax when file after file of Overseas Troops embark' on huge ),ransports and proceed down; the river behind a convoy of destroy -I ers on their way across 'the sub- marine -infested seas to the battle fronts "Over There." NEW', GERMAN DECEPTIONS. Which Increase the Difficulty of Fighting the Submarine. The whole campaign against the German submarine is becoming in- creasingly difficult because of a characteristic succession of deceptions now widely practiced by the enemy. It has cost the British many ships and lives to find out that the Hun stops at nothing to make hie undersea opera- tions ruthless anti successful, Pint of all is the new practice of rigging up a submarine with sails $o as to give the vessel the look and char- acter of an innocent and respectable craft. In more than one instance an unarmed merchant vessel has encoun- ered this trickery upon the seas and was on the point of giving a friendly hail when a torpedo shot out from -be- neath the canvas, bringing death and destruction to the victim of the trick. One of the latest German devices calculated to lure shipsto their death is to set lifeboats, manned by dum- mies, adrift in the open .seas. Of course, the moment an Allied• vessel. sees these boats a course is steered for them. Humanity could not dict- ate otherwise. It is. then that the inhumanity of the submarine asserts itself, for no sooner is the victim started on its mission of mercy than the submarine arises from beneath the water and diaehergesits torpedo. A third device which has proved to be successful is the sending out of fake 5 0 S messages. The captain of a certain American passenger vessel showed the writer the transcript of such a radiogram which was after- ward proved to have been sent out by a German submarine. It read, "S 0 S. American vessel sinking. Latitude — longitude — " Under ordinary circumstances this skipper would have turned his boat about and rushed lto the scene. Had he done so in this instance he would have gone to his death. By this pro- cedure the German not only violates every tradition of the sea, but serious- ly interferes with the rescue of ships in actual distress whose appeals for help are legitimate. S 0 S signals cannot be safely heeded. A further evidence of ••German treachery is the sending up of fake distress rockets at night. More than one ship has been lured to her grave by responding to these signals of trouble. Now you begin to see why the cru- sade against the submarine is attend- ed by hazard and hardship. Yet de- spite these handicaps the British navy is making headway against the pest of the sea and accounting for more than is generally believed„ WAR BREAD POPULAR IN U. S. Stale Bread Soaked, Strained and Re baked With Added Yeast. In the face of a serious food short- age occasioned by the war. American housewives, bakers and hotel chefs are discovering that there are many satis- f making bread by which a saving of wheat flour can be effected.. An effort is also being made to check America's wastefulness l in the matter of food products. Bak- ers are trying to educate the public to the fact that stale bread is as whole- some as fresh bread, and in many cases more digestible. At present vast quantities of stale loaves are col- lected periodically from the bakeries and sold at a fraction of the original THE LADIES' ROAD. How the Shell -Torn Highway Got Its Romantic Name. • No doubt a good many readers who have seen references in: the newspa- pers to the fierce fighting between the French and the Germans along the Chemin des Dames, or Ladies' Road, have wondered how that shell -torn highway got its pretty and romantic name. The road, dates from the time of King Louis XV. It begins at the Paris-Maubeuge Road, about ten miles northeast of Soissons, and crosses the plateau of Craonne, a distance of about twelve miles. It then de- scends into the valley of the Ailette, to cross the Vauclere Woods to the domain of the ancient Chateau of Bove, near Bouconville, where the Princesses Adelaide, Sophie and Vic- toire, daughters of Louis XV, used to visit one of their ladies of honor, Mme. de Narbonne, every summer. The roads of the region were detest- able in those days. Out of consider- ation for the princesses a new pav- ed road was built along the crest of the plateau, and ever since it has been called the Chemin des Dames. price, as a base for stock foods. With a view to utilizing clean stale bread in making new loaves, an organiza- tion representing leading hotels has issued a "war bread" recipe which calls for a thorough- soaking of stale bread and crusts in water. This base, after it has been properly salted, is strained through a flour sieve and to it are added yeast and enough flour to make a very stiff dough. A prominent New York hotel has recently added to its mem. a bread containing rye flour and whole-wheat flour in addition to white flour. An- , other method of \saving wheat flour which is being well received is to use one part of cottonsed meal to four, five or six parts of wheat flour. A United States Senator not long ago served bread made from these ingre- dients .to several of his colleagues.in Washington, and they seemed much pleased with it, Government chemists have demonstrated that flour can also be made from peanuts, dried peas, sweet potatoes, etc„ and that such flour can be mixed with svlteat flour to make excellent bread. •• Canada has notone tree too many for present and future needs. We own just one quarter of the timber possessed by the United States, SUB. BARRIER IN ENGLISH CHANNEL THE BARRAGE IS CONSTANTLY PATROLLED. Series of Obstructions Stretched From ' the British to the French ., Coast, Across the eastern mouth of the English Channel there still stretches the Great Barrier, which is one of the principal defenses of the Allies' vital Channel traffic against the visits of the German submarines, The "barrage," they call the bar- rier in naval phrase. It consists, in general terms, of a series ,of 'obstruc- tions" stretched from huge steel buoys, shore to shore, twenty odd Miles. Any craft which strikes one of these obstructions straightway ex- plodes a group of mines which spell finis to the intruder. A whole fleet' of naval shipping, is constantly engaged in maintaining' and patrolling the great barrier. Its existence is no secret to the Germans,. for they are constantly sending over airplanes to chart the buoys and,mark any changes that may have been' made since their last visit. And changes are constantly being made. Futile Attempts to Break Through. Here and there along the line are secret openings through which naval' pilots may guide legitimate craft on their way, but these openings are fre- quently altered, and not even the air - plank eye of the German can tell which buoy marks safe passage 'and which marks destruction. If his mine -1 laying submarines wish to enter the .channel they must take their chances, � They must cross submerged, for the patrol boats are on constant duty, and, if they escape the traps while sub -j merged it can only be said that an- other miracle has happened. Such miracles seldom happen. Some- times twice a week, sometimes often- er, explosions are heard at night from the great barrier, indicating that "something" has touched off a group of mines. Immediately the patrols hurry off in the direction of the ex- plosion. What they find there is a well -kept secret. Last week the Germans tried a new plan to break the barrier. They sent over three seaplanes with orders to descend low over the barrier at any risk and shoot their machines into the buoys thus sinking them and the bar- rier with them. But the patrol boats were on hand, and two of the three seaplanes never returned to their German home. FRENCH WOMEN ECONOMIZE. Aristocrats of Paris Still Charming in Their War Poverty. In the old residence quarters of Paris there are hundreds of women of aristocratic connections and moderate means who before the war had several servants and who now have none or perhaps one, says Leslie's Weekly. And to women of all degrees of wealth there could scarcely be a more inter= esting study than to see how these gentlewomen anid their humble help- ers give a charming touch to hard economy. A representative household is one where the regular income has sud- denly stopped, but leaving a little more than the small Government al- lowance. The ingenuity of house- keeper and cook accomplishes won- ders. In many a home butter may, now be served once a week, and per- haps with only one course, Perhaps three large strawberries must suffice for each serving at dessert, but they will be served with a grace that makes the eating of them a pretty ceremon- ial. If gooseberries and currants are in- expensive they will combine remark- ably with other berries for a coin - pate. Perhaps dessert will bo a spoonful of jelly with a simple little cake; or perhaps dessert will give way to cheese, taking on a new attractive- ness on its plate of green leaves, Absent -Minded. An absent-minded man came home one evening triumphantly waving his umbrella to his wife. "Well, my dear,' he said, "you see I didn't leave it any- where to -day." "I see, dear," said the wife, "The only trouble is that you didn't take one frons home this•morning." China has no forests. b. est. c)ii.3r]t. coif 1b312.e, 300'17.$f . WELL,Wh'LL sI) !Jill 1 I l ¢ATcH f l�G.ri"LETS s���� $LBtl, I'M GOMA I COLD OUT HERS >.«j Do yOU KNOW 17! �:_ , i�e11�.C SEE )(OUR.1WALLOP WAIT A MINUIR-- NOW WATCH THIS YOM, LOOK sy/(r/fi' }iERE A MINUTi I, �-•- 4a�, Some wauoP } if'-=� �` t'VP Gar •,EH -NELEN SOME -• ` GNU// '�� 11054 THE OLD SWING GOES— Ivs HIGH TIME I WAS GETTING BAcK.INT�HEGAMt TOM' YoU'11 cA7cH c°1D OUT (HERR Ona—WATc14THE E0H0ic — y 1G yl "I,'G 4�s, � /i ' / lrr I ! I +.Y. WALLOPS' +'� ) y� IV-. ((ul� -« 1I :, • I 1 - _aYi i T ,: -7 i A, . //,/,.! I l %/7 10/' Ass �)�*��` ....5 .' �t;M , w� �, t�;�/ gr a . ' ." • f --.G,n�i.. 'W:',,,, Lai ` III jir , X11 10 /111 ,�� 74 i��� !�i��11�)>1i • -r*' -• -w - . _ �� d �`�'q i ot ,ila�iNlas l lfl 1111 1 �/�,!N�I - . mi.,,.iii �• t %�;;;' i,ii'�il Hi.0„,,,,._____Hels'els.:.:;s.,,ws.;_tb::,Iell';0, rI'/ 111 iiih�fRI ■r��If/, Be'� s,�ir,jllJ .� -� �.rhs"atkd _ -/ ii'd'.e�"� /ti 1 :t® iys'll :L •s• Y.�-... . „ ADRIFT IN A MINE FIELD FLOATING :HELPLESSLY TN' A SEA OF DEATH TRAPS. On a Stranded Seaplane in the Midst of Hundreds of Deadly Con- tact Mince_ A British -seaplane observer de- scribes in the Wide World Magazine en adventure that befell him during a flight over the North Sea. Suddenly, when the plane had travelled through fog and haze to a height of twenty- five hundred feet above the water, the engine stopped dead. The observer and his pilot, were compelled , to de- scend quiclTy, and when their plane atruck the water they had no idea where they were. Through calcula- tions they finally decided that they, must be least fifty miles from the shores of •England. What was worse, it was gradually borne in upon them that they were perilously near, if not actually in, an extensive mine field. They could not signal, for their wireless apparatus was out of com- mission. The heat was terrible and the sea was dead calm. At least a dozen times as the clay wore on the men heard the roar of engines, but the sound always receded into the dis- tance again, and there seemed to be no hope of rescue. Finally the wind rose and shifted the haze a little, and high up in the northwest they saw dropping toward them a bird -like ma- chine. Nearer and nearer it came, and presently it dropped on the water beside them. It was a British sea- plane from their own base. The pilot of the rescue machine steered within twenty yards of them, and his observ- er heaved overboard a huge vacuum flask. Then, without stopping the en- gine, they droned along the surface and tilted into ,the air again. When the men turned to the flask they found that it had floated out of reach into the midst of a school of jellyfish. The End of a Long.Wait. Then the long, hungry, impatient wait began again. The hours seemed to drag more heavily than before. As the tide went down, dark spheroidal objects began to bobup by twos to the surface. Through their glasses the men could see scores more of them in the distances They were deadly contact mines! The 'nearest pair were only half a cable's lenth away, and -the sea- plane was drifting toward them on the ebbing tide. During.the next four hours the death traps gave the men a terribly anxious time, for there were hundreds of them. Once or twice they actually had to ward off the mines with their bare hands to keep them from knock- ing against the machine. Shortly after six o'clock in the even- ing the men—burned almost black by the sun, with parched throats and swollen tongues—heard the sound of a propeller chugging away at no very great distance. The throbbing grew louder, and at intervals the observer fired three pistol shots. Then out of the haze ploughed a trim little motor launch. She crept alongside, lowered he, dinghy and took the men off. Then she made fast a Hee to the seaplane and took it in tow. It was long after midnight when the launch reached the English shore. TOKIO NEEDS PAVEMENTS. Streets In Same Condition as' Half a Century Ago. Modern paving, sanitation and street cleaning are not practised in Tokio, capital of Japan. The Far East asserts that "in the dry season the streets are Saharas of dust and in wet weather unending quagmires. The main business artery of. Tokio, from Sainagawa to Uyeno Park, a distance of six miles, "remains a spectacle of neglect and dirt.' Along part of this route pavements and gutters have been provided, but they will not clean themselves and no attempt is made at street cleaning. The streets are in exactly the, same condition as they were half a century ago,' Another source of anxiety exists in the fact that none of the Japanese buildings, no matter how imposing, have adequate foundations. ' ti What He Thought. Little Roderick Was rich. Andad- mirer had presented him with a shill- ing. But the coin Was too insignificant to represent leis' ideas of wealth and he determined to convert it into copper, Impressed with the magnitude of the transaction, he boldly marched into a bank, . "Six pennies .and twelve ha'pennies fora shilling," he said, addressing the cashier with the air of an autocrat, "You take your shilling and get out of this," ordered the money -handler, Little Roderick's finer feelings were hurt. He turned towards the swing- door, then drew himself up, and faced round. "Ca' yersel' a bank!',' he said, scorn- fully,. "Ca' yersel' a bank, an' canna change a ahillin'!" In eases of overproduction in the big markets try to flee small markets where et better price can be had. • An outbreak of diphtheria in an English town was traced to the habit of school children wetting lead pencils in !their mouths,