HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Brussels Post, 1917-5-10, Page 2Henry G. Bell.
Conducted by Professor henry G. Bell.
The object of this department is to place at the
service of our farm readers the advice of an acknowl-
edged authority on all subjects pertaining to soils and
crops.
Address all questions to Professor Henry G. Bell, in
care of The Wilson Publishlne Company, Limited, To-
ronto, and answers will appear in this column in the
order in which they are received. As space Is limited
It le advisable where immediate reply Is necessary that
a stamped and addressed envelope be enclosed with the
question, when the answer will be mailed direct.
Question -W. E. A.: -Have a piece be grown in a rich, friable seedbed
of land I do not wish to work this sea- well supplied with humus in order that
son except to summer fallow. Can 1 there may be a reasonably good supply
plow it about June to hill weeds, and of moisture held in the soil. Straw-;
sow it to oats or anything else goodberries are not very hard on the soil,
for pasture? By not pasturing it too A ton of strawberries is worth say
close and turning it under in the fall,; $200 and only takes from the soil
will land be in good shape for next; about 86 cents worth of plantfood, yet
year? - I because their growing season is so
Answer: -If you intend to summer short, the soil must be well supplied
fallow the land, I would advise you to I with available plantfood. This is
plow it sooner than June, probably best done by getting the ground ready,
early in May, and keep it harrowed! a year ahead of time. Pick out the)
and disked about once in two or three place where you expect to plant the
weeks, so as to root up the young strawberries and cultivate it to a hoed'
sprouting weeds and to preserve a crop covering the ground before this;
dust mulch which will prevent the es- crop is put in with anywhere from 20'
cape of the water from the soil. If to 40 loads of manure to the acre.!
you wish to establish a temporary pas- Absolutely clean cultivation is neces-I
ture I cannot advise you better than to sary in order to free the land of
try the mixture advised by Prof, weeds. If manure is available that'
Zavitz of Ontario Agricultural Col- is well decayed and free of weed seeds,
• lege, He advises sowing 88 lbs. per ten to twelve tons to the acre may be,
acre of a mixture composed of 51 lbs. applied before planting the berries,
of oats, 30 lbs. of Early Amber sugar and re -enforced with from 1,000 to 2,-'
cane and 7 lbs. of common red clover. 000 pounds of commercial fertilizer to!
Professor Zavitz says to sow this early, the acre. A good fertilizer for straw -1
in May. The oats and the Early Am- berries should analyze about 2 to 3
ber sugar cane can be drilled in percent. ammonia, 8 to 12 percent.!
through the regular grain drill and the phosphoric acid and 4 to 6 percent.'
clover seed through the grass and potash, if it can be purchased. This.
clover seeder attachment of the grain analysis is suitable for a good sandy
drill. At Guelph this mixture has loam soil. If the ground is extra
been found to be ready to carry cat- thin and manure is not available a lit-!
tie late in June. This pasture has tle more ammonia should be used in
carried more than one steer to the the fertilizer and more pounds to the'
acre and in 1911 was successfully used acre applied.
to maintain milk cows. If this ma- The ground should be plowed late in
terial is not pastured down too close the fall if possible and allowed to lie'
it will form a valuable addition of over the winter and preferably plowed
humus to the soil if turned down late again early in the spring and thor-
in the fall. Land under such manage- oughly worked down to prepare a fine,'
merit as outlined should be in good firm seed bed and to eradicate all the
shape for next spring, if plowed weeds possible.
fairly deeply in the fall. In the choice of varieties, the soil,
Question -M. C.: -Kindly tell me climate and market must be consider -
how I can get rid of thistles and quack ed. Varieties, that under certain
grass. conditions of soil, climate and market,
Answer: -The killing of thistles and may prove profitable, may under
quaelc grass requires heroic methods. changed conditions prove worthless.'
Plenty of muscle, horse flesh or gaso- In selecting varieties the beginner'.
line used through a tractor will kill should be guided more by the advice of
them. The top of the plant serves progressive growers in his community
much the same purpose as the lungs of than by what catalogs say. If his
animals, so that if the plant is deprive land is early he may find profitable;
ed of that vital part it must soon die. plants from the early varieties such
If this principle is kept in mind both as Crescent, Barton's Eclipse, Senator
thistles and quack grass can be killed. Dunlap, Warfield, and Beder Wood.
No one method will work in all soils,, If his land is late he will find it
and in all locations. If the thistles more profitable to plant some of the
are cut down and not a single spear al- later varieties such as Sample, Wil -
lowed to come above the surface, they )'ani Belt, Commonwealth and Brandy -
must soon die from lack of power to wine. Just as soon as the planting
breathe in air and ability to digest is finished cultivation should begin.
food. LTsually some form of clean The first two or three cultivations
cultivation is the best method either I should be rather deep so as to remel-
with a crop or by bare fallowing. The low the soil trodlen down in planting.
thing to do is to outline a systematic All later cultivations should be shal-
plan of attack and to keep in mind aglow. The land should be cultivated
all times the fact that you must keep : at least every ten days and after each
every leaf cut off, I rain.
The same persistent methods apply' If you will write and get the Annual
to the killing of quack grass. How- Report of the Secretary for Agricul-,
ever, if the quack grass is in sod it is ture, Halifax, Nova Scotia, for the
best to plow the ground shallow dui- !year 1910, you will find therein two
ing the summer, say about three 'splendid articles on strawberry cultmr
inches deep. For this it is advisable' that go quite a good deal into detail
to use a special type of plow with a' regarding hest methods of handling
Scotch bottom having a real long this crop,
gradually sloping mold board. This permits the easily turning of the sod.
The next thing to do is, within a week
or ten days, go on the land with a disc
and thoroughly cut up the land. You
PREPARING POULTRY FOR MARKET
It Pays in Dollars and Cents To Add The Finishing Touches To
Produce Intended For Table Use.
(By F, G, !chord, Dominion .Poultry llusbanc,nan)
If all the dressed poultry that goes
into the Market was of an appetizing'
appearance and of good quality, the
producer would get a better price, and
the consumer would be willing to pay
for something he could enjoy eating;
It is a good object lesson for the pro-
ducer to see what his produce looks
like just before it goes into the con-
sumer's hands. If he saw it, he
would sometimes wonder how it
brings as big a price as it does.
Warm weather and long hauls,
coupled with rough handling in tran-
sit all have a share in depreciating the
quality, but it must be borne in mind
that produce never arrives on the
market in better shape than it leaves
the shipper,
Why intelligent farmers will per-
sist in selling their poultry in any-
thing but the best of condition is hard
to explain. Poesibly present-day
conditions could not help but create
a carelessness that has left the trade
in its present state.
There is, however, no reason for let-
ting it remain' there. The careful
producer should' get a higher price for
his good quality products than does.
his neighbor who cares nothing about
how his are produced or where they
are marketed.
Inferior Produce -Who Loses There-
, by?
There is less reason every year why
producers should put up with this state
of affairs. By more care in production,
through co-operation or direct com-
munication with better markets, better
prices may be received by the produc-
er and more satisfaction given to the
consumer, but the first step is for the
producer to produce a higher and more
uniform quality, for all producers,
whether their product is good or bad,
lose on any bad produce that goes on
to the market.
' The producer loses on this because
the dealer loses on the poor quality
and he cannot pay as much for the
good, for on it he has to make good
his loss on the poor; the bad produce;
has already cost for transportation
which comes out of the producer;
these poor quality birds are retailed.
and the producer again loses by the;
decreased consumption. Not a pack -I
age of dressed poultry is offered for
sale but either helps or hurts the sell-
ing,
It is quite probable that many a
chicken dinner has been changed to
beef because of the way these products
are exposed for sale and the producer
is first responsible for this and is the
heaviest loser.
Inferior Produce -Who is to Blame?
Though it has been. pointed out that
the producer might improve his pro-
duct and his methods of selling, it
must not be imagined that he alone is
guilty. Each person who handles the
product even to the consumer is some-
times at fault. Though it is possible
to improve the quality delivered by
the producer, it too often happens that
stuff that is good when it leaves the
farm is spoiled before it is eaten,
It might therefore be noted that all,
from the producer to the consumer,
are more or less to blame for the con-
dition of the poultry market and every
link of the chain should be strength-
ened, though the wholesaler and the
producer are the two most important.
However, as it is the producer that we
are writing this information -for, it ie
his responsibility that we are em-
phasizing.
The Improved System -Its Methods
and Advantages.
Thanks to demonstrational work
and to co-operation among the pro-
ducers, better business methods are
HOW TO KILL The illus-
presents the
roof of the
btre's mouth
and the
lower stun
being remov-
ed. The mark
soros the
von on the
left side of
the lire's
neck (A) Is
the place to
cut t0 bleed.
The mark la
the roof of
the mouth
(13) indi-
cates the
Prom the original draw- place to en-
ing by Dr. A, B. Wick- ter the blade
to strike the
warn. brain.
Putting the finishing touches on a
product before offering it for sale
,yields the greatest proportionate re-
turn of any labor done on the average
firm. This lack of "finish" is no-
where c clearly seen as in our poul-
try products as shipped to market.
To prove that producers do not put
the, care they should on their poultry
products before offering them for sale,
one may visit any market and he will
find that a large proportion of the
poultry exposed for sale exhibits a
carelessness that no other business
could stand. Good farmers who fol-
low a systematic crop rotation, who
conserve all the available moisture in
the soil, who never 'market a bullock
except in a finished condition, seem
to forget all their business principles
when poultry is being disposed of, and
think only of getting rid of them in
the quickest and easiest way possible.
There are comparatively few ex-
clusive poultry plants, and experience
in Canada, as a rule, has not been
encouraging to that system. But
farmers could make considerably more
revenue from poultry if they would
take even ordinary care in the prepara-
tion.
Preparation -Its Value.
The time it takes to prepare pro-
duce before it is shipped from the
farm is time well spent. No matter
what is being sold, it should never be
sent from the farm until it is in the
best possible condition. Especially is
this true when produce is intended for
table use.
Well -finished broilers or roasters
cost less per pound to the producer
than those that are poorly fleshed, and
they are much more palatable to the
consumer. Though he rimy have to
pay from 25 to 50 per cent. more per I
pound for such, as a rule the edible
portion really costs less.
The Old System of Marketing Dress-
ed Poultry -Its Defects.
Possibly nine -tenths of all the dress-
ed poultry produced has found its way
to market through what is sometimes
called "the system," the outstanding
feature of which has been the lack of
system•. The peddler or country
store was the first handler; there was
no encouragement to be careful, for
the'same price was paid for all, good
and bad. In some cases the pro-
ducer broke away from the system
and shipped direct to the dealer but
did not prepare his birds as he should.
In many cases the birds were bought
by a middleman on a commission
basis, and too often the quality was
not good and there was absolutely no
grading. This system, or rather
lack of system, in selling meant, and
still means, a lower net return to the
shipper, because of lack of uniformity,
poorer quality and numerous commis -
May Flowers.
The people talk of windy March
And of the April showers.
should disc this every ten days or And how these two are sure to bring
two weeks until fall when the quack The welcome Maytime flowers.
grass will be completely killed out.
Don't count the number of times you But I am sure that both these months
go over the land. Keep on going, go- Are failures as to weather,
ing, going until every spear of the For every year they seem to get
grass is killed out. Most sadly mixed together.
Question -J. G.: -What is the com-
parative food value of oats cut while There's rain in March and April wind;
green and cured and fed in the winter ; The snowstorms get all twisted,
as hay, especially rig a milk producer? ' Which makes it clear that Maytime
Answer: -- The following is the ' flowers
analysis of oats cut in the milk stage: Come forth quite unassisted,
Oats cut in milk stage and fed as - ---_
hay in winter. Use. Fertilizers' Freely.
d It costs time, labor or money to
el elf, ab r'lll plough or spade up a garden and to
d sa e Ter y el get the best return for the labor or
G ei Lg.,cl " .ea expense it is absolutely necessary to
Oats In purchase seeds of the very best qual-
ilats.1111t the 16.0 6.7 8.0 27.4 91.2 8,8 1 ity. These can be had from seedsmen
O
Grain 10.4 8.2 11.4 18.8 60.9 4.8,with established reputations, To sow
It is seen from the above analysis .cheap seeds or seeds of doubtful qual-
that oats cut in the green stege make ' ity is to invite failure.
a very good feed for all classes of 1 After the seeds begin to grow labor
livestork. They should not be fed ,,must be expended in cultivating and
alone to milkcows but supplemented keeping the weeds doom.
with alfalfa hay and concentrates in I It is very gratifying after a sea -
the form of bran, cottonseed or oil 'I son's hard work to harvest a largo
meal • The chances are that better' crop of flowers or vegetables of sup -
results will be secured and perhaps a ' eviler quality and contemplate how
larger quantity of food can be har-well the work has snide
vested if the oats instead of being The starting point of success is fii st
sown alone are seeded with Canada to get the soil well pulverized and as
'field peas, deeply as possible; second, to sow good
Question -A, S. L.: -I am thinking seeds; third, to use fertilizers lrher-
of planting a few acres ID strawber- ally, tiling fertilizer is similar to
ties for the market, Whet le the depositing money in a savings hank.
best, soil, fejrtiltzer, and variety of All the original deposit or investment
plant, and the best time to begin? A' ie returned and the liberal use of
detailed answer Will oblige. I fertilizers pays ninny times better in-
Anseeer: Strawberries are not tereat than any savings bank. It is
overly particular as regards the soil folly to try to make good gardens
in Which they glow; 'halve -ter, they without the liberal use of fertilizers
will usually do best oh soil that is and tho hoe or some similar
Maple -
Makable
le -
stable for. potatoes, They should moist. I
Fortunately such producers are be-
coming fewer every year, but they
have been responsible to a large ex -
1
Jow$.
oble
.: r C07t4lLCZ`611,6.y %7ftfd,NP.�'gL .CEr667',
Mothers and daughters of all ages are cordially Invited to write to this
department, initiate only will be published with each question and Ito
answer as a means of identification, but full name and address must be
given In each letter. Write on one side of paper only, Answers will be
mailed direct If stamped and addressed envelope Is enclosed.
Address all correspondence for this department to Mrs. Helen Law, 236
Woodbine Ave., Toronto,
M. M.:-1, For a home wedding the
bridal party should enter the room in
the following manner; The clergy-
man leads, followed by the bridegroom
and best man. When he reaches the
place before which the bride and
bridegroom are to stand for the cere-
mony he turns and fads the people
and the bridegroom and the best man
stands at his left hand, also facing
the guests. When they have taken
their places -the bridesmaid enters the
room; followed by the bride, who rests
her arm on the left arm of her father.
As she advances and reaches the place
where the bridegroom stands he steps
forward and offers her his left arm.
Her father steps to one side and the
bridesmaid steps to the side of the
bride, while the best man remains be-
side the bridegroom. All five now
face the clergyman, who performs the
ceremony. Alter the father has giv-
en his daughter in marriage, which he
does by a simple nod of acquiescence
when the clergyman asks who gives
her in marriage, he steps back and
joins his wife, who is standing near.
After the clergyman has given the
blessing he steps to one side and the
bride and bridegroom turn and face
the guests, the best man and brides-
maid taking their places, one on each.
side of the newly married pair. The
family and friends then advance to
offer their congratulations and after
all have spoken to the bride and bride-
groom the wedding breakfast is serv-
ed, after which the happy pair, if .in
wedding clothes, change for travelling
costumes and depart amid a shower of.
friendly confetti and old shoes. 2.
Displaying the presents is entirely a
matter of personal taste. Some per-
sons do not care to do so, but it has
come to be considered (Kite the thing,
and it is very pleasant for the guests
to see them, when they have been well
arranged. It is in perfectly good
form, therefore, and is expected at
most weddings. 3. The bride should
acknowledge each present herself. If
the donors are kind enough to think of
you, you should be gracious enough
to acknowledge thein yourself.
JIOW GASOLINE MAY
HELP THE FARMER
SOLVES PROBLEM OF TILLING
THE LAND
Displacement of liorse. Labor Would
Enable 'Farmers to Increase
+ Grain Crops.
In an article entitled "Time and
Tractors, the Essence of the Food
Problem," in the New York 'Timet',
1 Mr, Edward A. Bradford discusses
some phases of farming which are
problems in Canada as well as in the
United States. Mr, Bradford takes
the ground that the war has had but
a. secondary effect upon agriculture,
and that if the worldisthreatened with
famine it is not on account of the war.
His proofs, being derived from the
United 'States alone, are not altogeth-
er conclusive, but it is nevertheless as-
tonishing to learn that in the two
!years before the war began the United
!States was consuming more food than
it produced. In two years of the war
the United States produced more food
:than it cosunied and exported '76 per
'cent. more. -
.744
God does not will, it shall be done un-
to him still, in that something better
will come. Compare Paul's experf-
.x. � tI . err
- yy ;?� 8. Is . glorified -The tense;
ti" yea-
.�` �D2� of the Greek is a little difficult. Pro-:
bably it means "has been this moment
glorified," or received-fi'he time of
fruit -bearing is seen so vividly by
the Master (compare John 4. 35) that
it is spoken of as already_ present,
Even in actual time, Pentecost was
very near. The above interpretation
of the tense is supported by the fact
here John's habit of com ressin that it is used in John 13. 31, 32, where
ere offs byfusing the p g also the Lord speaks of his object as
p g parable an attained. And be my disciples (mar -
the interpretation. Matthew would gin) -A dfsciplo who does not bear
have omitted the references in these fruit is not entitled to the name.
two verses to the Father and the, 9. Hath loved have loved
Son, and added the exposition at the Road loved: as peaking throughout John 17
end. True vine -The adjective "true," the Lord is siris earthly 1i1e,
or `real," becomes here practically as lying in the past. Abide ye -This
"ideal" -that which alone answers to implies "even so must ye love me":
all the thoughts the eye of Jesus sees his love for them must act and react.
in the parable. I My love -"Primarily, the •love which
2. In me -This parable may pose � I have shown, and, in a secondary
sibly be the starting point of the high- sense, the love which I ins ire. So
ly concentrated phrase in Christ,"
eated iforms 'with his love'in verse ]0" (The New
rep ' in var •n soma
Supporting the Horses.
In the course of the arguments he
advances in favor of the tractors Mr.
Bradford speaks of the tremendous
'waste due to the employment of horses
to work the farms of the nation. Ile
says: "It takes more land to support
a horse or mule than a man. The
usual allowance of land to -support a
man is something over three acres.
A horse needs over five average acres.
It takes at least 125,000,000 acres to
support the horse -power of our farms.
Their feed. alone costs $2,000,000,000,
or more than the total operating cost
of all our railways. A horse averages
three hours' work each day on a farm,
at a cost of about 12 or 13 cents an
hour. Those who speak of the
scarcity of food for men should con-
sider what a tremendous slack might
be taken up in the release of one-quar-
ter of our cultivated land from the
support of such wasteful power. The
displacement of horse labor would en-
able us to double our corn crop, or to
add a hall to our wheat yield. Of
each five acres of feed used by each
horse not an acre's produce is turned
into power, and that power is among
the least efficient known in me-
chanics. We dislike to eat horse
meat, but what the horses eat would
produce animal food to our'lilting."
Gasoline the Remedy,
The tractor plow is but a symbol.
The soul of the machine ia, the gaso-
line engine, and an engine"that can
haul a plow can operate almost every
other farm implement. It can do
more than this; it can take the back-
ache out of the farming, and make
obsolete the phrase "a horny -handed
son of toil." A son of toil who uses
gasoline will be no more horny -hand-
ed than a son of it gun. -Phe farmer
will then be able to appreciate hiss
other natural advantages. He is not
subject to regulation. Unions do not
worry Trim. Ile can work as many
hours a day as he pleases. He can.
charge all the market will stand, in
full assurance that the Government
will not puttax on him like a race track
or a munition manufacturer. In the
ten years between 1900 and 1910, the
railways of the United States doubled
their ton miles; by practising similar
economies, made possible by gasoline
or kerosene, the farmer may do the
same. In short, it would appear to
be the prepay thing for farmers to
supply themselves with erecters as
s0011 as possible.
THE SEA Wil LIVE IN.
if Sea of Air Were Removed We
Would Freeze To Death.
We crawl about nn the bottom of a
sea of air. Only very recently have
we learned to swim it it. ,We call
the performance `flying."
The gaseous mixture composing Chia
ocean of air is en fluid oral transpar-
ent that we hardly re•llize its presence.
Doubtless fishes, in like matinee, are
not conscious of the water in which
they swim.
But the air is much denser than we
imagine. A. small child blows up a toy
balloon. Probably the air inside thee'
inflated rubber bag is at a pressure of
no more than two atmospheres, yet
the balloon has become In effect it
solid object that will resist a blow of.,
the fist.
A 001110 foot of lir weighs consid-
erably over an mnnue. A dry -goods
box three feet cube will contain 2%
pounds of air, This meads, of course,
at sea level, ®
As one climbs a mountain or goes up
in a balloon, the air becomes thinner,
its density ,diminishing steadily until
perhaps 150 or 200 miles from the -stir -
face of the earth there is virtually
none of it left. It is reckoned that
one-half of the entire bulk of the at-
mosphere is below the three-mile
level.
The sea of air is a warm sen con-
serving the heat delivered by the sun
upon the earth. If it were suddenly
removed we simile find ourselves ex-
posed to the cold of outer space (466
below the zero of Fahrenheit), and
would be frozen.
INTERNATIONAL LESSON
MAY 13.
Lesson VIL-Jesus The True Vine -
John 15. 1.16. Golden
Text -John 15. 5.
Verse 1. We have another instance
y g
seventy tiles in Paul's letters, and; Century Bible).
constituting the very kernel of his! 10, Note how the idea of love as a
theology. `Cleanseth-Nat by prune 'mere emotion i put away: it is al-
ing, which is in the first clause: it is ways and everywhere a productive
a washing that is meant.power. To keep his commandments
3. Clean, as in the Greek, recalls not only proves our love for him, but
securewhich Jesus has cleanseth in verse ven them e teaching
h- bridges Bible). See espes lave for us" cially Paul's
out their discipleship has achieved its 'description of its energies in 1 Cor. 13.
purpose for those eleven men: -see I 11. My joy -Which was his already
John 13. 11. It has purged the!even before he "endured the cross"
branches from blight and parasites, ; (Heb. 12, 2). They are invited to "en -
and prepared them for more abund-'ter into the joy of their Lord. The
ant productiveness, which is their' words presume that they have enough
only reason for existence. of it already to long for more: to see
4. And I in you -Just so Paul is al-
ways setting by his great formula reme ambition with them.
"in Christ" the complementary "Christ 12. This takes up John 13. 84; its
repetition recalls the story o
in me." It was no figure of speech, f. John
or pious phrase: for him the Master in his extreme age, carried into the
was literally living his human life church and never saying anything but,
over again within his soul. And no- "little children, love one another."
thing less will ever give real life to The family love of the disciples of
any of us. Except ye abide -"There Christ is God's new way of teaching
is this mysterious property
in the he hitherto unattainable command,
branches of the spiritual vine, that s "Thoutsteallove thy neighbor as thy -
they can cut themselves off, as Judascompare,
had done. Nature does something, 18. Thisreat verse sweetens
and grace does more; but grace may bereavement for multitudes of us in
be rejected" (The Cambridge Bible), the horror of this war. "In thus
5. The vine -The whole vine, in- citing, his own love as a model for
eluding the branches, Paul has the their imitation, he intimates
thought with another figure when he that 'he, is about to give the highest
calls the church the body of Christ, possiblA,y' proof of his love by laying
each Christian being a limb or organ down Ma life for them" (The New
of it. •Do nothing -The verb is that Century Bible) . No man , a
of Matt. 3. 8, and quite pea it ly we rn.tn-It is, safer to render no one .
should render "produce nothing," one -the word ma.n is not there.
keeping up the figure. 14. Friends -So does James (2. 23)
6. This is the parable of John the connect Abraham's great name "the
Baptist (Matt. 3. 10). "A meeephori- friend of God' with his doing God's
cal description of the fate ',which command.
awaits an unfaithful disciple. He is 113. Here again the case of Abra-
like a useless branch which is broken ham comes in, "Shall I Bide from
off and thrown away, and after it Abraham that which I am doing?"
gets withered and dry is consumed as says Jehovah (Gen. 18. 17). Even
firewood." ,so here the Divine Friendship is
7. Observe how this illuminates marked by Christ's taking them into
prayer, which is not mere ictition, but confidence. That he would no long -
a vital harmony with God. Such
union with God in Christ will in -eke it
impossible to ask what is out of ac-
cord with the Will, except in the spirit
er call them 'bondsmen" did not pre-
vent them from claiming that title as
a glory; thus James 1. 1, Phil. 1. 1,
etc. Compare the phrase in a fine old
of Jesus in Gethsemane. If a ma❑prayei> cul 800V100 regnare est,
thus blessed does ask something that "whose slaves ase kings,"
A CASE OP ORATE PED W
'Pnurteen in this hex hut they sr wen it
tent for the condition in which pro -1
duce arrived on the market and for the!
state in which it has been exposed for
sale, even in some of our larger cities.]
On one of these markets visited by a
the writer there was hardly a bird;
young or old that could not, by a very
little attention, have been improved ;+
at bolsi in appearance. Chickens;
were there in dirty crates, chickens o.f
all coffers and sizes. There wet'o old
hens that were lousy, hens with scitly
legs and some that looked as if they;
might die before the axe came, There
was not one live bird in the lot that,
uric could relish on the table after•
seeing it as it was. Nor were the
dressed birds much better. 'They'
lacked that neatness and finish that
makes one wish he were carving one
for his dinner. Many were thin and
those thee were fairly well fleshed,
Were. Poorly plucked. 'file skin was
tore Or bttct
from cal<'
ng, none',
were bled, some ]rad lost their }made,'
and sone hal this' necks dislocated,
ELL PACKED CHICKENS.
,abed, uniform 1nsize and uueke,l 1lgh 1.
being adopted. Conditions in some
sectiohs are greatly improved hut the
work bag only started and this im-
provement must become more general
if producers are to get the ratting
they ought. The demand for good
stuff: is steadily increasing and with it
the price. Fifteen years ago farm-
ers occasionally sold poultry for (i to
8 gents a pound. Now dressed poul-
try veils for 1'2 to 20 cents a pound
and in some rases much higher. There
seem to ho few industries that, promise
brighter prospecta to the farmer than
poultry managed on a business bash:.
In some sections farmers are co-
operating, thus putting en the market
u more uniform product in better con-
dition and lit less expense; more care
is being taken in the production and
finishing, and consumers ire dis
eliminating more in the quality they
purchase, Soine of, the middlemen's
cuminiwr`,4 ore horn eliminated and
e Ir
the producer and the Conatrmel• aft'
corning elosor together,,
edfirse
syarhes
The Foolish Hen,
hen only ruffled up her feathers, as
usual, and started at the big dog; but
he did not mind that. •"If you will not
give me a piece, I will take it all," he
said, as he started toward the big loaf.
The old hell seized the loaf of bread
in her mouth and started on a run,
but the dog could outrun her, She
"Ploase give me a piece of your saw that she would have to do seine -
bread," said the cat to the old hen thing quick, so elle spread her wings
that was trying her hest to eat a loaf and tried to fly over the fence. But
of bread that was almost as big as Met as she got to the top of the fence
she teas. 'It was far more than chars little bird pecked at the loaf; Andy
needed for herself,
away it went tumbling back to the
I The old hen only ruffled up her fen ground; and in her fright, instead of
there and ducked something that ;landing on the fence, the fell right into
could not be understood, so the poor, a barrel of water close by,
hungry cat had to go without, ' The old hen called the cat to help
Please give me a piece of your her, she railed the <log to help her,
bread," grunted the little lig, But; and she even pleaded, "0 little bird,
the old hen only ruffed up her feath- please Help rile! 1 am about to (brown,"
ers, took her big loaf and turned off They all worked as hard 80 they
to one side' where she thought she, could to get her out, but they could
Would not be bothered, not, Just as the poor old hen was
"Please give roe a piece or your; about to sink to the bottom of the
bread," said the pigeon, as it flew. barrel of water, Falmer Perkins hap-
down from the fence right by her side, I pence along 0111 look her out, almost
The old hen wus getting very angry,(lead.
by this time. Site flew at the•pigeon, The eat, the pig, the pigeon, the
and scared the little thing out or the dog end the little bird all hada good
yardfeast off the old lien's loaf, and it was
"Please give me :1 piens or your it long time before she was able too
bread," said a b;g, oirl dog,. The old . cat a th 1 f bread.
•
Nothing but the Infinitel,y',,it s .
N't'1 is lei
11015811 for the infinite pathos of hu+
man life,
tlil e1' e7'08n 1 it ,'0a . ..
•
•
4,