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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Brussels Post, 1916-9-28, Page 371 usewire eomer Canning and Preserving Fruits, minutes, bottle and seal. This is There are two distinct general much richer than the juice made with methods of treating fruit so that it will not change or be changed though hold for a time ranging from a few weeks to three or four years. These methodsare termed Banning and pre- serving. Many people do not realize the difference. We find, however, that canned fruit depends for its keep- ing qualities upon heating and per- fect sealing, whereas preserves need not be sealed because their high sugar content prevents micro organism from acting upon the fruit. Strictly speaking canned fruity, and preserves should keep the fruit in its exact original condition. This, how- ever, is an ideal which is never re- alized. If fruit is sealed in tin cans and then cooked long enough to kill all the minute forms of life within the can there are still several changes which may occur. Red fruits— strawberries, raspberries, and cherries —are high in acid. The acid at- tacks the tin, forming salts of tin, and the latter quickly destroy the co- lor of the fruit. Such a change has little effect on flavor and digestibility. Canners have largely overcome this difficulty by obtaining a special kind of tin plate and by 'covering this tin with gold colored enamel. Fruit canned in glass jars cannot lose color through tin salts. There is sometimes a change in color due to light. Here again the red fruits suf- fer most severely. Probably the most important fact to remember regarding canned fruits is that changes such as fermentation due to micro organisms are not pre- vented by the sugar added. The sugar used is for flavoring. Heating and sealing kill the harmful molds and yeast and then keep others from coming into the conbainer. There are two away in canning fruit. Some people cook the fruit before placing it in the jars or cans, bhe tame grapes. Earth Peach Preserve. -Procure fresh peaches, free from bruises, ands peel. Secure a large old-fashioned stone jar, the sort that comes with a closely fitted stone cover, something on the fashion of the old-style churns. Place in this alternate layers of fresh- ly peeled peaches and granulated su- gar, using about pound for pound, of sugar and fruit. Place the stone cov- er tightly in place—seal around with sealing wax and bury in 'the earth, leaving the jar low enough in the earth to prevent freezing or mound enough earth over it to prevent freez- ing, just as one does when burying cabbages or apples. Do not disturb bhese for three month%, and five is better. When opened you will find the most delicious preserves that can be imagined—better in flavor and dif- ferent than from any other method. Something of the flavor of brandied peaches, rich and smooth and better than by any other process. Chipped Gingered Pear.—Use eight pounds of pears, eight pounds granulated sugar, one pound candied ginger root and four lemons. Chip or slice the pears fine, simply coring and not peeling them. Slice the gin- ger root and boil with the sugar and pear, and four tablespoonfuls of wa- ter for one hour. Boil the lemons whole in a little water till bender, then cut them up in small bits, removing the seeds, and add to the pears and boil one hour longer. Can in jelly jars or large topped cans, Peach Mangoes.—Use the large free :tone peaches, pare with silver knife as thin a peeling as possible. Cut in halves and remove the seed. Fill the cavity with the following mix- a bearer of despatches in wartime, tore : Cut one cup of preserved is being tried as a supplement to muni - ginger into thin slices; add one tea- cipal fire -fighting. A machine of the spoon grated horseradish, one table- side car type is equipped with racks spoon each of black and white mus- for chemicals, axes, and other light fire -fighting apparatus and manned by a crew of two men. It thus provides a light, speedy mobile unit which can make fast time to the scene of a fire, and may be able to check a serious blaze in its inception by virtue of sheer speed. Before polishing furniture, wipe over with a "cloth dipped in hot water and wrung out, If this is done, fine ger-marks will not show. If furnitu;;e is washed with luke- warm vinegar and whter before polish is applied, very little will be required and a great saving in labor effected,. A use for old velveteen—Take a piece the size of e duster and do it over the head of a broom used for wiping down walls, It cleans them beautifully, To shine shoes quickly do not blacken but rub on a piece of orange and let the juice dry in, then polish with a soft brush and then they will shine like a mirror. If clothes are to be ironed soon af- ter they are dry' use hob water fon sprinkling them. They will dampen more quickly and evenly than if cold water is used. When madras curtains are launder- ed they can be easily dried by hanging them on their own curtain rod and patting a heavy rod in the bottom hem to hold them steady. When reheabing meat place some gravy in a deep frying pan, season it and make quite ho:, put in the meat and simmer gently', but do not snow to boil, as boiling makes the meat touch. To clean dark varnished front doom, rub over, after dusting, with a little brown shoe polish on a piece of cloth; polish with a dry duster, and the door will look ea if newly painted, To remove the shine from serge, sponge the dress or suit with hot vine- gar and press in the usual manner and all shine will disappear. The vine- gar leaven no stain. A small sponge the size of an orange will be found very practical to have to wash the little ones with, and more satisfactory than a cloth. Tie on a string so it can be hung up to dry after using., MOTORCYCLE FIRE ENGINES, Carries Apparatus and a Crew of Two Fire -Fighters. The motorcycle, which has distin- guished itself as a family vehicle and tard reed, one teaspoon celery seed others pack the raw fruit, cover ib .and one-half teaspoon black pepper with hot sugar syrup, seal or partly 'reed. Tie the halves together care - seal, cook and then seal if sealing has , fully and drop into a syrup made as not been done first. If the fruit is follows : To one quart of vinegar cooked before placing in the contain- add three pints of sugar, two Runces er the latter must be thoroughly steri- each cloves and cinnamon bark, pub lized first. In the second case the spices in a muslin bag and drop in container need only be washed. the syrup. Let the fruit cook very Preserves include jam, jellies and gently in the syrup until tender, then marmalades. If a fruit product con- lift from the syrup and place in the tains 70 per cent. of sugar, by weight, jars. Cook the syrup until slightly molds and yeast cannot live in ib. thick, then pour over the peaches and Hence, if a person lalows the weight seal. of the ingredients put in a preserve as well as the yields of the preserve one can usually predict whether the product will keep. Take the follow- ing case:— Weight of fruit 10 Ibs• Weight of sugar 10 lbs. Total ingredients 20 lbs. Yield of jam 14.5 lbs. Loss in evaporation 6.5 lbs. Thus 14.5. lbs, of jam contains 10 lbs. of sugar or 68.9 per cent: To this may be 'added 8 per cent. for the sugar naturally contained in the fruit, making 71.9 per cent. sugar This should keep. A drop of water on the surface of a preserve dilutes it at that point and Will likely start mad growth. Hence jars to be filled with jam or jelly should not be covered until cold be- cause the'steam rising from the warm or hot product will condense on the cover and have the same effect as an added drop of water. It is is desir- ed to cdver preserves while they are hot, sterilize the top, seal perfectly while hot and turn the jar upside down. By this meth* molds are eliminated to begin with and as with canned fruits prevented from enter- ing afterwards. Preserves also lose color through the action of light. In ease of jam and marmalade mod- erate firmness is desired. Jollies re- quire to be quite solid. In all cases the solidifying is due to the combina- tion of sugar with a substance in the fruit called pectin. The jellying or solidifying only takes place when bhe preserve is condensed to a certain ex- tent by evaporation. Some fruits are low in pectin and will not properly. solidify no matter how much condens- ed. A. viscous, sticky syrup results. In any case the preserve is improved if a juice such as crab apple or cur- rant juice is added. This juice is rich in pectin, By using it more sugar may be used, say 10 of sugar to 8 of fruit. Thus the time .:of cooking is reduced, color and flavor are retained, the yield is increased. and solidifying results. Ib will be seen that canning and preserving depend upon fixed laws. One should always try to explain why an operation or proportion is required. A good set of scales might mean a saving of material to many a house- wife.—Ontario Department of Agri- culture, Baking Soda Uses. There are numerous uses to which baking soda can be put, apart from the accustomed and legitimate ones of cake and bread making. First of all, it is an excellent family remedy for scalds. When milk is on the point of turning sour -a pinch of baking soda dropped in it will restore it to its na- tural sweetness, A -thick paste mane of. soda and wa- ter is excellent for cleaning glasses in which milk, ice cream or other greasy substance has been standing, or even when there is no time to make a paste, if bhe fingers are dipped in wee ter, then in dry soda, and the greasy part of the glans is rubbed around with them, the marks will quickly dis- appear and the glass become bright, Lamp chimneys treated in the same way will shine like crystal, while if a lamp burner is boiled, for half an hour in soda and water it will cause the Tamp to burn with renewed bril- liancy. Soda is aim excellent to clean silverware. Make it into a thin pasbe and rub briskly, then wash in hot water. Things Worth Remembering. To remove paint from glass rvii with hot vinegar. Ether is good for removing grease stains from clothing. To prevent accidents, painb the bot- tom cellar steps white, All suet puddings should be cooked a long time to make them digestible. Add a teaspoonful of salt bo starch, when making, if a'gloss is desired on linen; Drive six brass -headed tacks in the ironing board to talcs the place of a flat -iron stand. It is wise to put a little salt in the water in which vegetables are wash- ed. It will destroy insects. Allow two level teaspoonsfuls of baking powder to each cup of flour when no eggs are used. To cut butter in, small even squares for the table, use a coarse wet thread as this leave no ragged edges. The small pin feathers that are so hard to clean from very young chick- ens can be wiped off with a dampcloth in much loss bime. Cold water closes the pores of the skin and makes It firm. A little vino - gar or cologne added to the water also assets in the hardening, When boiling meat which is inclin- Scasonable Reoipe& od to be tough add one teaspoonful of Wild Grape Juice,—Pick over wild vinegar. This makes it tender, and grapes and almost cover with cold gives a good flavor, water; bring slowly to a boil, When When no suet is at hand, and a ht- all juice veems teem strain through a tle is required for puddings, ets.,: chop jelly bag. For with quart of juice sot le dripping finely and use, It will allow one tea Cup sugar; boil five answer the purpose quite well, Costs More. "I've tried to teach my boy the value of money." "Good thing!" "Well, I don't know. Ho used to behave for ten cents, bub now he wants a quarter," THE DISABLED HERO. No Effort Too Great to Restore His Ability, There are already about 1,700 die- abled soldiers now under treatment in Canada, and almost every week sees more of them arriving from the front. Some of them, of course, are so seriously disabled that it is impossible for them to take up again their' form- er occupations, or, at all events, to take them up again without the aid of artificial appliances and training in their nee. They are heroes, we say; but the glamor of heroism will not content them long, The same quality of self- respect that made them freely en- list, will make them as eager to re- enlist in the peaceful work of the community that they have helped to preserve. The pensions that are due them will be an assistance but never a substitute for honest livelihood in the days that lie before them. Do we quite realize that our coun- try, till lately, had no organized sys- tem established for fitting these men to turn to civil life? And do we realize the waste of good human material and ability that the country would suffer from, if they were left, untrained and unaid- ed, to remain idle or to pick up any casual or temporary job they might happen to come across? In France, skilled scientists are set apart by the Government to devote their whole time to directing and training the permanently disabled so that they may do the best for them- selves. The same problems in Canada are being met by the same wise con- trol, and will be solved, we have every reason to hope, under the guidance of the Military Hospitals Commission. It is the business of every true; Canadian to help the Commission and its Provincial auxiliaries by backing up its efforts to restore these men's capacity, and by helping to get them , work they can do with profit to them- selves and to the country. Strong Point. "Why have you never married, colonel?" "Because I feel that a man cannot be a good husband and at the same time a good warrior." "You overlook the advantage of be- ing always in training." Times Changed. Newcomer (at resort)—"Is this a restful place?" Native—"Well, it used ter be until folks began comin' here for to rest." Girls who want to marry are always looking in shop windows for new brands of bait. Avoiding Tire Troubles, The most expensive machine on the farm for upkeep is the automobile, and the most expensive part of the automobile for repairs is the tires, This is not hard to understand when we realise that all the weight of the car comes on them, that the full driv- ing power of the engines is delivered through them, and that they come in direct contact, at speeds varying from 10 to 40 miles an hour, with the hard lumpy surface of ordinary cdlntry roads. , Under these conditions it seems a wonder that tires last as well as they 'do. With the bete of care they will, of course, eventually give way, but the life of tires can be great- ly prolonged by the exercise of care in avoiding the commonest causes of hire troubles. Chafed sides, in which the rubber is worn off the sides of the tires leav- ing the fabric bare, is due almost in- variably to running in ruts on coun- try roads, or rubbing them against curbs when in town. When this con- dition sets in they soon get beyond repair if not attended to. Chafing can be prevented by keeping out of the ruts and away from curbs. As soon as chafed sides are noticed the tire shoa]d be repaired. Scuffing maybe due to several causes, such as improperly adjusted brakes, or quick stopping, in which case the car ski+! along, wearing the rubber off on the hard surface of the road and leaving the fabric bare. Quick starting may have the same effect. Driving around corners at high speed, so that the car skids, or allowing the wheels to get out of alignment, so that the tire is rubjected to a zig-zag motion while in contact with the road, are also pro- lific causes of scuffing. To prevent this condition care should be taken to have the wheels in al'gnment, to have the brakes and steering gear properly adjusted, to slaw up while rounding corners, and to avoid using the clatch in a jerky manner. Cuts and Bruises. Unless,cenall deep cuts are attended to as soon: as they are inflicted on the tires, sand and dirt and water work their way into the wound. With every revolution the cut is expanded, the foreign matter sucked in, and a grinding motion is set up which h= the tires to pieces. This trouble is known as disintegration, and is pro- vided against by examining the tires for cuts and having them closed with materials which are manufactured for the purpose as soon as they appear. When tires are insufficiently inflated and a blunt object is struck at a high rate of speed, the result 10 that the inner plies of the fabric may be brok- en. No effect may be visible from the outside, bub the broken ends of the fabric wear against one another and become weakened, and eventually a blowout results. Careful driving over rough or stony ground and pro- per inflation will provide against this trouble. Running on a punctured tire, rusty or bent rims and insufficient air pres- sure are the common causes of rim cutting. The cause of the trouble sugge'ts its prevention. In case a tire pencbures while on the road, it is better to remove it and run on the rim then to run cn the tire. This can be done for a short distance with- out seriously ,injuring the rim, though afterward it is best to carefully ex- amine it and see that ib is not bent, as this may again result in rim cutting. Chain cutting results more frequently in easel where the chains are bight They should be left slightly loose, so that they will move around to some extent and i,i'event the strain which bhe tire suffers when passing cern them from always coming in exactly the sane place. Blowouts if the tiro ie in good con- dition, ere always due to overloading. They also result from inattention to c it , which allow the access of sand, so that the fabric is damaged until the tire cannot stand ordinary air pres- sure. Blowouts also result some- times from insufficient inflation, and from damaged tubes which may have become slightly worn by being kept loose in a box before being used. The most common cause of tire trouble in under -inflation. It is wise economy to purchase a press ure gauge. The following pressures are recommended for the different sizes of tires: Three-inch tire, 60 lbs.; three and one-half inch 70 lbs.; four -inch, 80 lbs.; fear and one-half inch, 90 lbs., and five -inch, 100 lbs.. Lack of attention to small injaies when they first appear, together with reckless driving over rough reads, are also prolific causes of tire trouble. —Farm and Dairy. For every million tons et coal mined cyesg L four or five men are killed and from ! HE SUNDAY H$ Y 550 to 600 injured, Road Construction and Maintenance The Part Played by Refired Tars in Modern Road Building. By J. RANDALL It is a well recognized fact among highway engineers that one great cause of the disintegration of water - bound macadam and gravel macadam roads is "internal attrition." When a heavy motor truck or auto- mobile is travelling up a ,grade or even along the level, there is a strong thrust developed under the driving wheels, which, while propelling the vehicle forward, fends to push the upper part of the road backsvard. The same is also true in the case of horse- drawn vehicles, only here the "thrust" is under the horses feet. This "thrust" causes a slight rubbing of one stone on another in the wearing course of plain macadam roads, which in a comparatively short time causes internal wear, and results in the formation of depressions and hof-' lows, even though the foundation may be still firm and unyielding. To overcome this difficulty, dense, heavy, refined tars have been used as a "binder" for many years in Eng- land and France,' and for about twelve years on this continent. Abroad, the Method followed has been to mix the crushed stone or slag with the heavy refined tar (at boiling temperature) and place the mixture on the prepar- ed foundation, consolidating the whole with a suitable roller. This method has beets followed on this continent to some extent, but the greater percent- age of "tar macadam" is built by the penetration method. In this case, the layer of stone is placed upon the pre- pared foundation to the desired thick- ness, and then "grouted" with /she heavy refined tar, at approximately boiling temperature. The road is then finished by covering this course with smaller stone, sealing same with ad- ditional refined tar, and then covering with sand of screenings and rolling. There are several refined tars on the market, one of the best known being tarvia. A tarvia "X" macadam road corresponds very closely to the stand- and English practice in new construc- tion. Tar macadam is an especially suit- able type of road for trunk line high- ways, whoreetho traffic is fast and heavy, on account of its durability and low cost of maintenance. In the vil- lages and towns, tar macadam is also very satisfactory, on account of its dustlessness, as well as durability and low maintenance cost. Under ordin- ary conditions, this type of road costs between sixteen hundred and twenty- five jsmsdrecl dollars per mile more ROBERTS, B. Sc. than the corresponding plain mac- adam, depending on length of haul of material, width of roadway, etc. In considering the question of road cost on a five-year basis, or longer, which is really the proper method, it has been proven many times that this ex- tra initial outlay is more than justi- fied. The consideration of road costa over an extended period brings up the question of maintenance, the import- ance of which is only just beginning to be recognized by the average muni- cipal official. Tar macadam should be watched closely during the first year of its life, as this is the most critical period. Any weaknesses which develop, such as formation of depressions, or buckets, due to poor foundretion, or lack of sufficient "binder," should be repaired at once, so that the whole road will wear unt- formly. Under a comparatively heavy mixed traffic, composed of both horse-drawn and motor driven vehi- cles, light annual applications of light refined tar (cold application) with sand covering, give the most econo- mical maintenance. The use of refin- ed tar in both construction and main -1 tenants prevents in greater measure; the formation of dust from the road I itself, which helps the , maintenance thereby, owing to the retention of the road material in place, eliminates the cost of water sprinkling where such would otherwise be necessary, and also prevents the formation of mud in wet'weather. It night be thought to be more economical to build a plain macadam road and maintain it by surface treat- ments of refined tar, than to build the road as a tar bound macadam in the first place. This might be true under very light traffic conditions, but it is generally conceded, where the choice lies between the two, that for practically all locations where these types of road are warranted, it is cheaper and more economical in the long run to build the tar bound macadam. However, both tar bound Mid tar surfaced macadans are far superior to a plain water bound mac- adam road no matter how well built this may {se, as the well-known de- fects of ravelling, results d frost se-' tion, and of internal wear, also ex- cessive dust, which are common to a water bound, are practically eliminat- ed ie a tar bound, and overcome, to a great extent, in a tar surfaced mac- adam road. INTERNATIONAL LESSON OCTOBER 1. Lesson I.— A Plot That Failed—Acts 23. Golden Text. Jer. 1. 19. Verse II. Chief prie'.ts—More ex- actly, high priests, a close oligarchy including, besides the acting pontiff living, ex -high priests and priests be- longing to the two or three families from whom the government selected the new one. Of course in Jewish eyes the office was for life, but they had to be content with keeping it in the families which had held it since the Maccabees. Curse—Greeny, ana- thema; the formula would be, "God do so to me, and more also if I eat or drink before we have killed Paul." 15. With the council—The 'Sanhe- drin, which contained many well dis- posed to Paul, was only to be asked; to pass a resoultion requesting Lysias to give them a further opportunity of examining the case, Signify—Rabh- er- too peremptory a word; it only im- plies putting a suggestion before the officer, who, of course, could grant ib or refuse it es he pleased. Comes near—Tho Sanhedrin therefore would not be suspected of complicity. 16, Paul's nephew is the only•rrela- tive of whom we hear•. He must have been deeply interested in his uncle, and employed great sluewdness in getting this information: a rela- tive of Paul's was the last person to pick it up casually. The case with which he secured access to Paul shows that the apostle was no longer in rig- orous confinement. 17. Young man—The term used in verses 18 and 22 is slightly different. Paul speaks of his nephew to the cen- turion with las familiar tone. 19. Lysias's interest in Paul, and his determination to see fair play, be- comes apparent. 20. As though thou wouldest—It is better to follow one of the two great- est MSS., and by altering one letter read as though it (the Sanhedrin) would, etc, This agrees ivitlr verse 15, Lysias would nob take Paul down to the Sanhedrin because lie wanted to get more exact knowledge; he would goer tiorr hini'in the barracks, 21. The information of their ami - 23. A very large escort for one pri- soners, but Lysias was determined that a Roman citizen should not be mur- dered by these hated sectaries. A Ronan cohort would include a con- tingent of all kinds of troops—regul- ar infantry, cavalry, and miscellane- ous native troops. The exact mean- ing of the word rendered spearmen is not known. Caesarea, on the coast, was the seat of government. 24. Felix—Antonius Felix, procura- tor of Judaea from about A. D. 52. He and his powerful brother Pallas were freedmen. Tacitus says bhat he "wielded royal power with the spirit of a slave, with unbounded cruelty and lust." QUAINT OLD WALLS. Furnish One of the Charms of Eng- lish Countryside. The stone walls of the Cotswolds, in England, one of their most per- sonal charms, are called "mounds." As in New England, they border the roads everywhere. The conventional hedgerows are still planted, in this part of the coun- try, only to divide field from field. But New England farm folk never knew how to build a "dry" wall like this. It is of fairly even stones, laid without mortar—in fact, with hardly a chink 'where mortar could be in- serted. Some surfaces are marked by a sort of rough string course, and for coping the top stones are set up on end close together. It must be admitted that a shelf of asphalt occasionally replaces them, and is not beautiful. But far more often you get, by way of variety, a primitive battlement of mud, in which seeds find lodgment and where they begin at once to weave a curtain of falling verdure and moss and to fill all the crannies with green as years go by, so that the "mound" becomes really what it is called, and is hardly distinguish- able from the massive granite and earthenetork walls of the Cornish roadsides. yw -- BREATH E —BREATHE UNDER WATER, Apparatus Makes a Life Preserver Doubly Useful. A novel life preserver has been de- vised to supplement the ordinary cork jacket in rough water. By its use the person in distress is able to breathe, even when the waves sweep over his head, The appliance adds to the cork jacket a light metal chamber which floats high, a spout leading from it rising two or three feet above the able intentions no doubhb cost these water level. A tube, leads from this forty zealots some delay in getting chamber to a face mask, through their dinner, But there were case- whichthe wearer of the jacket tete ready to extricate them from n breathes. Even if the water sweeps over his bead the spout Lor the air vow so praiseworthy when it failed of chamber is still clear and the aft sup- ats mut. ply unlmpared. MAJOR S. L. ► G ELLER BUILDER OF CANALS CONTRACTOR IN CHARGE OF NSW WELLAND CANAL, Was Member of dIsley Team in 1896 and Served In North-West Rebellion. Maj. .1, L, Weller, on whose siioul- dere rests the main burden of the mammoth construction work ,now in progress on the new Welland Ship Canal, is a native of Ontario, having been born at Cobourg in this Province,. 5030e 66 years ago. He was graduated from the Royal Military College with honors In 1888, taking the first prize in civil engineering, physics, and artil- lery. lie has been constantly in the employment of the Department of Railways and Canals of Canada from 1888 to the present date, being con- nected with the construction of the Trent, Murray, and St. Lawrence Canals, las was superintending en- gineers of the Welland Canal from 1900 to 1912, and at present is engin- eer -in -charge of the survey, design and construction .of the proposed Welland Ship Canal, which is esti- i mated to cost $50,000,000, I He has had a varied experience both as a soldier and as an engineer. He served in the North-West Rebel- , lion in 1885, as lieutenant in the Mid- land Battalion, and as staff adjutant at the base under Major-General J. W. Laurie. Later he served as captain j and adjutant in the 59th Stormont and Glengarry Regiment, retiring when senior major on moving out of the district, He was a member of the Bis - I ley team of 1890, winning many prizes, among others the 12150 Commissioner's Cup. He was also a_ member of the lcolapore Cup team of that year, which was successful in winning the cup. Major J. L. Weller. He was placed in charge of the re- pairs of the disastrous break in the Cornwall Canal bank in 1908, which was repaired by butidding a timber crib dam 428 feet long by 20 feet wide and 20 feet high around the washout, in ten days, and the canal was in opera- tion in less than three weeks after- wards. Among his other claims to distinction may be mentioned the fact that he was the original inventor of reinforced concrete poles for electric lines. His Great Daring. Major Weller's great daring and re- sourcefulness have won hien a reputa- tion. Some years ago lie accompanied a party of Government officials on a trip of inspection from Port Colborne to Port Stanley, on Lake Erie. The party travelled on a tug boat and the trip was made in November, when the weather is usually cold and the lake rough. 4. se1ff was being towed be- hind the tug, and 041 the way to Port Stanley the tow line became fouled in the screw of the propeller of the tug. Efforts to free it were unavailing and navigation of the boat was rendered impossible. The only solution was for one of the party to go down under the water and cut the rope away—not a every inviting prospect in the ice cold :waters of the lance, and with a fair gale blowing, Major Weller volunteered ;for the service, and, after stripping off his outer garineuts, was lowered down behind. Owing to the coldness of the water Ire woe unable to accomplish the task at once, and was raised to the boat again. In a short time he again went I down and succeeded in partially fros- ting ros-Iing the propeller, but not sufficiently to enable it to be operated, It was necessary for him to be raised and lowered five times before the task was completed, and by that time he was completely exhausted and indifferent ' as to the state of the elements. With careful attention, however, and, thanks to his robust constitution, he was grad- ually brought back to normal, but not without serious cogitation on hie part as to the possible consequences of such exposure. By next day he was himself again, and had added another instance to the many where his daring has overcome difficult situations. His Fine Marksmanship. Major Weller was a splendid marks- man, having been, as mentioned above, a member of the Bisley Team of 1896, from which he brought back many tro- phies, and on such trips as the one 'just mentioned, he would often enter- tain the party by shooting pennies from between tbs fingers of hie come pentons, who Lied such confidence in his aim that they were not at all dif- fident about offering a mark of this ldnd for his revolver, Major Wslier in 1885 married Miss Whitehead of Kingston, He has ono son and two daughters. The son is Mr. W. H. Welter, general ooutraothtg engineer, who also graduated from the Royal Military College.