HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Brussels Post, 1915-6-17, Page 7War Time Scenes in England
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Every little asommunity in Eng-
land has its own set of war •or-
ganizations. These vary from so-
cieties giving the man at the front
comforts and necessaries to so4iwl
purity ;brigades,
S•onie of •these organizations have
been ,formed by women to assist -in
recruiting. Ono •of the methods
some of them have used• was to
present a 'white feather to each
young fellow wearing civilian
• clothes, accompanied with the ex-
hortation that he should strive to
prove himself a man. Often they
have gob hold of the wrong men;
for tbausands of apparently fit
men have been refused by the mili-
tary authorities as not coming u•p
to bhe sbandard. Partly to'. pro -
toot themselves many men who can-
not join the army wear badges,
inhabitants that they must extin-
guish all lights and go to 'bed,
While tiirose workers are 'benefit-
ing to a. remarkable degree cis a re-
salt of plenty of work at higher
wages, some are !faced with inCrees-.
ed cost of living and smaller re
anuneration. Among these are
newspapermen and they have just
taken to what to them is an as-
tounding step. When the war be-
gan advertisers book fright and
newspaper revenue dropped, wages
'were reduced and men. were ,put
on parb time. The mechanical
workers ,suffered na wage reduc-
tions as they belonged to a strong
trade union.
One of the events that always
cause excitement is the arrival in
a town •of a batch of war prisoners.
When prisoners are expected a
such as " liar service,denoting " crowd gathers along.the streets
which they mutt pass from railroad
they are employed on Government to camp. As the prisonersemerge
work,
11 has acbually ;been the case
that white :Feathers have been given
to men returned from ,the front
on short furlough because they
wore ;private clothes. One man
thus presented was a naval officer
whose ship had; been sunk by a tor-
pedo, and who, had lost his uni-
form. Public opinion in England
is strongly against bhe white feath-
er method applied to men the army
does not want.
Many Belgian refugees in Eng-
land are following King Albert's
ad ' by Id ' t df ly
vice • wor ng
ms ea o re -
ing on the hospitality of English
folk; King ,Albert has told his peo-
ple that he does not want them to
live in idleness, as that would be
bad for them. The unmarried Bel-
gians mostly prefer to live in•ludg-
• Ings rather than in the established
Belgian guest houses. • So organiz-
ations have ;been formed to keep
them in the straight and narrow
path.
Unofficial daylight saving has
came into being, fpr which many
express indebtedness to the Zep-
pelin. The Horne Office authorities
laid down some precautions which
had bo •be observed in case of
aerial invasion. The military com-
mands in various parts of the coun-
try added to these. The county au-
thorities made still other additions
and the local police and other
bodies completed the work.
The days of partially restricted
lighting are gone so far as most
cities are concerned. In addition
to green lights, the street cars are
now shrouded in green 'blinds and
the lights are shaded. Nearly all
street lamps are unlighted, street
after street being in pitch dark-
ness. In. one city a storekeeper
was fined because a policeman
found that by 'bending down he
could look under the window blind
and see a lamp; no light must show
on the footpath.
The result is that when the sun
sets one must either go hams or
run the risk of collision in seeking
a place of amusement, All vehicles
down to the common ,bicycle must
be provided with a red lamp at the
bask which mast not throw much
light. People go 10 'bed at a very
early hour; in fret England is ac-
quiring new habits, going back to
;he clays of old when the curfew
rang at 8 or 9 o'clock to tell the a vast scale
from the railroad sbation, guarded
by soldiers with fixed .bayonets,
there is almost complete silence. In
one ease the women in the crowd
laughed at the curious pita helmets
worn, by prisoners from 'the tropic-
al German colonies, but :the only
demonstration was when one pris-
oner stood on the top of a car and
shook his fist ab bhe• crowd, and
that was by children,
Indeed, many in the crowd ex-
pressed compassion. The working
girls had a certain amount of chaff
for the smiling men. "Where's
your Iron Cross'? Willy wilhsend
a Zeppelin for you!" "You'll get
,plenty of good food now!' "It'll
be betterthan the trenches, mate
—Aye, and better than our poor
chaps are getting!' and so on.
There is, however, a growing re-
sentment at what is termed the
"palatial way" in which the pris-
oners are treated, especially as
English prisoners in Germany are
constantly writing home for
treacle, 'bread and clothing.
Recruiting goes on apace, many
men being released from industrial
pursuits by economies and by the
drafting in of men and women who
need not work save to let young
workers free. Public services are
being restricted and amalgamated
for the purpose.
One interesting feature of re-
cruiting is the formation of special
units such as the "Pals" Batta-
lions. There are now 100,000 men
serving as "Pals," each battalion
consisting of men normally engag-
ed in the same work or in the same
walk of life, Thus some are cam -
posed of lawyers, others of store
clerks, and se on, while .big cities
form their own battalions of men
who are chums in private life. Uni-
versity graduates, clerical workers,
miners and others thus are kept to-
gether in war as in piece.
The voluntary workers who made
it their hobby to found hospitals
for wounded soldiers now have
their grievanet, The War Office
has come to the conclusion that the
wounded in ,private establishments
were getting more coddling than
was good for them and that many
ladies were treating them as pets
rather than soldiers. So it has
been •decreed that the Government
hospitals must be used in future
and these are being established on
[FUTON INTRIGUE FAILED
ENVOYS WERE ASSIDUOUS 11
THEIR VISITS TO VATICAN.
Tried in Vain to Induce Pope Not
to Permit 'l'heir Departure
From Rome.
Since the outbreak of the war,
Prince Schoenburg - Hartenstein,
Austro-Hungarian Ambassador ac-
credited to the Pope, paid a daily
visit to the Vatican. Besides his
frequent audiences with the Pope
he invariably conferred either with
Cardinal Garparri, the Secretary
of State, or one of the other high
officials.
Baron von Ritter von Gruenstein,
the Bavarian envoy, and Dr, von
IVluehl'berg, the Prussian envoy.
were -equally ,assiduous in 'there
visits to bhe Vatican, and their
activity was in a way rewarded, as
many of the subordinate officials
of the Vatican, lay and eoclesiastic-
al, are pro -German.
The anti -clerics say that these
Austrian and German diplomatists
spent a great deal of money in eon-
verbmg Vatican understrappers,
but no doubt there is exaggeration
In these reports, 1b is a fact, how-
ever, that the Osservatore Romano,
the official organ of the Holy See,
although supposed bo be impartial,
published •feature items of news
from Berlin and Vienna, and often
omitted official eommunieabions
from the Allies, especially when
erman atrocities in Belgium•were
ylenounced or Austrian 'defeats
were reported. German and Aus-
trian denials to such communiene
ions were sure to appear in the
Os,servatore Romano.
The work of the Auebro-Germans
at the Vatican was greatly hamper-
ed lately by the British envoy, Sir
Henry Howard, whom :the British
Government sent to Rome on a spe-
cial mission since the war started.
Sir Henry, with the Belgian envoy,
M. Van der .Hueval, and the Rus-
sian Minister, ;Count Nelidow, re-
presenb the allied Goverumen.bs at
the Vatican, and they have been
kept busy recently neutralizing the
work of their Teutonic colleague,.
The Austro -German diplomatic
representatives accredited to the
Vatican were until recently most
optimistic and insisted that Italy's
intervention was out of the ques-
tion. Their optimism, however,
disappeared when the news leaked
out that negotiations were goingon
between the Italian Government
and the Vatican about the position
of the Diplo.matie Corps in case of
war. The Italian Government no -
tidied the Pope that the Austrian
Ambassador and the Bavarian and
Prussian envoys would have to
leave Rome. A modus vivendi in-
tended to save appearances and.
to avoid complications was suggest-
ed and the Pope was asked to pro-
pose a •satisfactory solution of the
merit was willing to accept.
queetion which the Italian Govern -
Austria Makes Suggestion.
Before slaking any •suggestion
the ,members of the Diplomatic
Corps at the Vatican were eonselt-
cd, The Austrian Ambassador, as
dean of the corps, ,suggested that
the Pope should first of all ;protest
to the Powers against Italy's
threatened violation of the law of
guarantees and the refuse bo al-
low the departure of the diplomatic
eepresentatrves of the countries at
war with Italy.
The suggestion of sheltering the
Diplomatic Corps inside the Yeti -
San appeared practical enough
and ib would have been communi-
cabed to the Italian Government
Quite a Simple Thing by the Map.
Clever cartoon of the German Crown Prince from the London
• Bysta nder,
and probably accepted had not the
British, Belgian and Russian en-
voys vigorously opposed it. They
informed the Pope that since the
Italian Government had not re-
quested their departure in case of
war, evidently because Italy's war
would not be against their •Govern-
ments, they would not seek shelter
inside the Vatican.
Meanwhile the Pope was study-
ing the question in the hope of
fiinding a satisfactory solution and
the members of the Diplomatic
Corps were again consulted. The
representatives of the Central Em-
pires urged on the Pope that their
presence in Rome during a war
would insure the independence of
the Holy See. They pointed out
that so long as they remained in
Rome and diplomatic relations with
their Governments were not sever-
ed the Pope in case of danger could
protest against Italy's threatened
violation of the law of guarantees
with the certainty of obtaining re-
dress after the war was over. Hints
were dropped that the question of
the Holy See, as well as that of
temporal power, could be brought
up at the peace conference and
that the Pope's claims would be
supported by Germany and Aus-
tria. These arguments, however,
failed to impress the Pope.
The Valle:in Proposal.
Finally the Italian •Government
was notified by the Vatican that in
case of war the Pope would request
the diplomatic representatives of
all theBeiligerent Powers, whether
Italy's allies or enemies, to leave
Rome, so that only the Spanish
Ambassador and the South Ameri-
can Ministers would remain ac-
credited to the Pepe. The Austro -
Germans were elated at the suc-
cess of what they considered a dip-
lomatic triumph. What they fear-
ed was that they should have to
leave Rome, while their enemy col-
leagues remained. '
Their elation was short lived, as
the British, Belgian and Russian
envoys opposed this solution also
and addressed joint notes to the
Secretary of State informing him
that unless they received imme-
diate assurances that the Pope
would ,not request them to leave
Rome in ease of war between Italy
and •the Central Empires and that
the Pope would not protest to the
Powers against the departure from
Rome of the Austre-German diplo-
matic representatives, they had
been instructed •by their respective
Governments to leave Rome at
once and sever diplomatic relations
with the Holy See.
The assurances demanded by the
allied representatives were given
withoub delay and the second solu-
tion of the question was abandon-
ed, Now the question is settled de-
finitely.
The importance of this solution
is considerable, owing to the fact
that 'the Pope will no't Pretest, and
thus there will.•be no danger of
future complications bebween the
Vatican and Italy after the war,
Besides it will be impossible for
the so-called :Roman question to be
raised during the poaoe conference
and the intrigues of Germany and
Austria in this direction, intended
to punish Italy for joining the Al.
lies, will be useless.
•1'
Dartmoor Convict Prison was
originally built to receive pei Doers
of war during bhe struggles with
Napoleon,
General Joffre only became Gen-
eralissimo of the French Army in
1011, on bhe refesml of General Pau
to accept Bleat oi'fioe.
BEMA.BI{ABLY STRONG POSI-
TION OF THE MERCHANTS
MANIC OP CANADA. SHOWN
BY ANNUAL REPORT
It is significant that after more
than eight months of the severest
financial strain Canada has ever
experienced, the Merchants Bank
of Canada, comes forward with a
report &owing not only the great-
est strength in its history coauper-
ing 1avtrrably with the strongest
commercial bank throughout the
world.
Perhaps the' outstanding feature
of the annual statem•e•nt as at
April 30th last, is the assets which
are or can immediately be convert-
ed into Dash. These amount to
$32,086,571.61 exclusive of $1,000,-
000 deposited in the Central Gold
Reserve, and $335,000 deposited
with the Government for the pur-
poses of the Circulation Fund. Al-
together the immediately realisable
assets amount to $33,421,571, or
over 46% of the Bank's liability to
the public. What this means will
b•e appreciated when it is remem-
bered that last year these ibems
totalled over $8,000,000 less, or
less than 37% of the liabilities to
the public—and this was a very
good showing for normal tunes,
The total .assets of the Bank are
$86,190,464.51, an increase of over
three millions from last year. It
is worthy of note that there are no
mortgages, while overdue debts and
real ;•:stabe, other than Bank prem-
ises together amount to only $263,-
638.40, or less than orae -third of one
per cent. of -the total assets. The
actual cash, coin and notes, on
hand were over $21,000,000, or
twice what they were a year ago.
Thus the Merchants Bank of Can-
ada is in a position of great
strength, which enables it to face
any possible development of the
war situation with perfect confi-
dence.
During the year the Bank's de-
posit business expanded very con-
siderably. Its deposits bearing in-
eerese increased over four millions,
to $50,037,101.80, and its total pub-
lic Jiiabilities grew three millions to
$71,`769,813.81. The capital paid up
and the reserve fund stand at
$7,000,000 each,
Profits were necessarily affected
by the efforts to maintain so high a
ratio of liquid reserve Or assets
that could be converted into Cash
immediately. Current commercial
Inane in Canada, the train source
of a Canadian bank's profits, were
reduced by $6,200,000, and the net
profits for the year were $995,431,
against $1,218,694 for 1914. These
were still further reduced by ap-
propriations for patriotic purposes,
by the war taxes and by $250,000
written off for depreciation in the
market value of securities. There
is every probability that the latbe•r
ansount will be in co,nsuderable part
recovered in the future, when se-
curities resume their normal value,
The appropniution for patriotic
purposes indicate the sacrifices
that the Bank is malting dor the
general good in these exacting
times, and the shareholders are
amply compensabed in the fact that
the Bank's immense strcngth and
constantly widening connections
enable it Ito look forward to greatly
enhanced prosperity as soon as
business, Canada resumes its
usual aoti.vity. Meanwhile a bale
aaoe sheet such as Shis, after near-
ly nine months of war, is the hest
evidence of solidity :and .sound
management that :a bank could pos-
sibly 'have
•k
HOW 1411011f
English Gnide (showing,plaoes of
interest); "It wed in this very
room., sir, that 'Wellington received
his first oomm.isseon !"
Arireriean Towed: "Indeed! And
how much did he getl"
FRONT, ERIN S GREEN -181E
NEWS JIY . MAIL I''IIOI
LA.ND'S SII(►It.ES.
Happenings 1rt the Emerald Itele of
Interest to Irish.
111011,
Dr. John 'Edmonds, Nationalist
M.P. for North Tipperary, 'has
died at his residence, Dronrinagh,
Berrisokane, after a short illness,
The Dublin Master Bakers' Asso-
eiabion Committee have notified the
public that the price of the 2 -ib.
loaf has now been raised eo 7%
cents,
Owing to the attitude of a meal
of four ;hundred. people the police
were unable to effect the seizure of
cattle• lands near Loughlin.
A serious outbreak of fire occur-
red in Tyrode, resulting in the com-
plete des,bruction of the saw and
flax-scuteli.ng Mills belonging to
Mr. R, J. 13e11.
Dr. - J. J. Murray has been -ap-
pointed certifying surgeon under
the Factory and Workshop Acts for
rho Downpatrick district of County
Down.
Mee R. MeN, Reid, son of Mr,
Charles Reid of Dublin, the inven-
tor of the Reid patent targets, has
been gazetted as a second lieuten-
ant to the Highland Light Infan-
t A ship'•s boat bearing the name
SS. Merse and the address Fleet-
wood, No. F.D. 62, was brought
into Du•blan by a patrol trawler,
who found it drifting in the Irish
Sea.
The efforts of thirty men were
required to raise •a tramcar front
the body of an aged woman named
Halloran who wee run over and
killed when, crossing a street in
Cork.
It is stated that there was an
all-round increase in the trade of
Dublin last year. Registered ton-
nage that entered the port was
2,427,207 or 651,374 tone, more than
the previous year,
Owing to the stringency of the
stoney market, the Local Govern-
ment Board have refused a loan of
$20,000 to the Athlone Town Coun-
cil for the repair and extension of
the town waterworks,
The Harrison liner Wayfarer was
brought to Queenstown after being
torpedoed off the Scilly, Islands by
a German submarine. She had a
rir� - I 4c a mp
wirm~r
THE STANDARD ARTICLE
SOLD EVERYWHERE
REFUSE SUBSTITUTES
large hole in the Portsidc extending
nearly forty feet in length.
The Right Hon. John Francis
Moriarity, Lord Justice of Appeal
in Ireland, has just died. Previous
to his appointment as Lord Justice
'he had been Solicitor General and
also Attorney General far Ireland.
The Dublin Corporation at a re-
cent aneeting adopted a resolution
calling on the Local Government
Board to hold an inquiry into the
question of amalgamating the
North and South Union Districts.
The death is announced of Cap-
tain Roger Hall, D,L„ of Narrow
Water, Warrenpoint. Deceased was
one of the most extensive landown-
ers in South Devon, and also an
the counties of Louth and Mona-
ghan.
At a large and representative
meeting of the Retail Purveyors'
and Family Grocers' Association at
Dublin, it was resolved that the
price for Danish and Irish cream-
ery butter be 34 Bents pee pound.
At a general meeting of the, Dub-
lin Committee for the Prevention
and Relief of Distress, it was stated
that the Local Government Board
had sanctioned an increased scale
of relief in connection with the Na-
tional Relief Fund up to 15 per
cent.
3
It requires no fewer than 1,550
miles of great embankments to pre-
serve the Netherlands from the
incursion of the sea.
The official' inventory of the
clocks at Windsor Castle fills two
large volumes, and contains en-
tries of 230 timepieces.
Pure Ice cream
ITIS GENERALLY CONCEDED
that Tuberculosis is transmitted
by unpasteurized Ice Cream.
City Dairy Ice Cream is Pas-
teurized and therefore safe for
even the youngest child.
The Purity and healthfulness of
City Dairy Ice Cream is guarded
in every way.
The matter of flavoring is an important one—
City Dairy uses no imitations or synthetic
flavors—we flavor our "Maple Walnut" with pure
maple sugar—we use Pure Fruits in our "Fruit
Ice Creams" and flavor our "Vanilla" with the
Pure Mexican Vanilla Bean. The minute specks
in City Dairy Vanilla Ice Cream are pieces of the
ground bean—"the specks make the flavor." So
far as we know we are the only manufacturers
in Canada using the Pure vanilla bean, and no
other make can compare with the delicate flavor
of City Dairy Vanilla Ice Cream—the cost is
about double but the selling price is the same -
Ask for the Ice Cream in which
"the specks make the flavor"--.
City Dairy.
For Salo by ailsarFminating shopkeepers evorywhero.
Look
for
the Sigel.
TORONTO.
Wo want an agent In every town.
FROM ERIN'S GREEN ISLE
NEWS BY RAIL FROM IRE-
LAND'S SIIOJUiS.
Happenings In the Emerald
of Interest to Ii`iaN-
0100,
Ieislioraneu in Ireland who use a
salmon rod and line have to pay is
licensee duty of $4.80,
The Dub/blend General Gas Gen-
eureers' Gas Company have reduced
the pries of gas in Bray by 10 cents'
peg thousand fees.
The Dublin bakers have again
raised the price of the 2-1b, loaf to
8 cents,
Ib is noticed that foreign ships
now lying in the port of Dublin
have their names and national col-
ors painted promine•nbly on tliseer
sides,
At a meeting of Dublin cowkeep-
ers it wss deckled that the prigs of
milk should be continued this sum-
mer at the usual winter rates.
.A fire broke out in the Shipyard
stores at B•alfasit docks and muoh
damage was done to the stores and
some motors and dynamos.
The students of the School of
Surgery, Royal College of Sur-
geons in Ireland, have distributed
to departing troops over 11,000
clgarsttes.
The casualty ]ret recently issued
by the War Ghee, contained the
names of 216 Dublin Fusiliers, who
had been taken prisoners by the
Germans.
The North of Ireland Shipbuild-
ing Co. have launched from their
Londonderry yard a vessel specially
designed for service in the St. Law-
rence River and Great Lakes.
Temple Hill House, Blackrock,
has been formally re -opened as an
auxiliary for wounded soldiers and
sailors. Mr. Hubert Wray, D.L.,
of Faithd•egg, County Waterford, is
the donor,
The recent flag day in• Belfast,
arranged by the Belfast Rotary
Club for the benefit of wounded
sailors and soldiers is Belfast, was
most successful, over $14,000 being
collected.
Captain George Malcolm Dunlop,
Royal Dublin Fusiliers, youngest
son of the late Archibald Dunlop,
M.D., has been unofficially reported
as killed in action in the Dardan-
elles,
A Russian creamer, "Svorona,"
of Meripol, laden with 4,700 tone
of coal, bound from Port Talbot,
Wales, to Archangel, was sunt: by
a German submarine off the Kerry
coast. The Brew were saved.
Lientenan+t Robert Bernard, 1st
Battalion Royal Dublin Fusiliers,
youngest son of the Bishop of Os-
sory, and Mrs. Bernard, has been
reported killed in actaon in the
Gallipoli Peninsula, in his first en-
gagement.
On the suggestion of the Chair-
man, Mr. T. Johnston, J.P.,
Omagh Urban Council have detad.e,d
to curtail the lighting of the town
during the summer months, owing
to the excessive Lost of coal.
At a 'meeting of the Connell of
Agriculture in Dublin Mr. T. W.
Russell announ<ed that at the next
meeting he proposed to submit esti-
mates reducing the annual expen-
ditures out of the Department's en-
dowment fund by $155,000,
An Irish deputation, consisting
of the Lord Mayor of Dublin, T. P.
O'Connor, and several others, wait-
ed on President Poinea,re, in Paris,
and presented him with an addreiso
expressing sympathy with Franco
and the desire of Ireland for the
emcees in the present struggle,
010
The World's Greatest Choir.
Russia possesses the world's fin-
est choir. This is in the Cathedral
of Alexander Nevosci, in Petro,
grad, and is attached to a convent
erected in honor of the patron
saint of Russia. It consists of
about thirty members, all monks,
chosen from the +best singers in all
the Russian 'monasteries. Their
voices are sweet and strong, and
every member of the choir can, it
is said, shatter an. ordinary glass
into fragments merely by singing
into it, so powerful are the vibra-
tions of each voice. These monks
are trained as rigorously as any
opera singer, and their whole duty
at the monastery is to assist at the
music at mass in the morning and
vespers in the afternoon.
Two Vegetables.
Diner—Isn'it there another vege-
table that goes with this beef, be-
sides potato/
Waiter—Yes, Asir—there's horse: -
radish,
The hCavietst rains occur in equa-
torial regions, and the srnalieeb
quantities fall in the desert dee-
tricts of Asia and Africa.
Th,e society- with the long name
should find a way to stop the annual
sledge race with doge than is known
as the Great Aaeke Sweepstakes,
This year, as usual, the route was
from Nome til Candle and return,
a distanee of 412 miles, From Nome
out and as far as Gold Run on the
way back the leading beam mads
mores than eax miles an how' ifor
nearly thirty-eight ;hours, Thedogs
are always nrge.d and lashed to: the
last ounce of endurance, rind the
whole thing is a disgrace to oivili-
nation.