HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Brussels Post, 1914-12-31, Page 2Eiji -BEGAN TNF WAR
AMERICAN'S' REPLY TO 'ItiE
I1t01;ESSORS' LETTER.
Says 'United States Has Already
Fussed Judgment and
Fixed Blaine.
The following- a;rtiele is rePre-
dueed from a recent issue of the
London Times:
Ninety-three of the most pro-
minent risen of Germany, distin-
guished in various ,branches of
science, art, edification and litera-
ture, have recently eircttlated
broadcast throughout America a•
letter, •entitled 'An Appeal to the
Civilized World,' in which they at-
tempt to ehange ptt'blic opinion in youth of his empire were brought
the United States on the su'bjeot of up.
the ivar, Mr. Church, president of Going away;from year gloat plxil-
the Carnegie Institute, at Pitts- v opher, Kant, who, in his C'ate-
burg, and author of 'The Life of ,gorical Imperative, has taught us
Oliver Cromwell,' has made reply all,a new golden rule, the national
to the German appeal, which is ad- z irit of Germany has been fed on.
dressed to Dr, Fritz Schaper, of the sensual- materialism of Niet-
Berlin. He sacs; zeche, on the .undisguised bleed-
"It gives the a -feeling of pity ti)! thirst o;f General ven Bernhardt,
note the importunity with which the on the wicked dreams of Treit-
people of Germany are seeking the s,chke, and on the weals morality
„ good opinion of America in this of von Buelow; and ;we behold in
strife. It is greatly to their ere- every scrap of evidence that we c:an
slit that they wish to stand right in gather from your Emperor, his chile
the judgment of this nation. But ,dren, his soldiers, his statesmen;
German- need have no fear that I and his •p ofessors, that Germany
be held herself a nation apart from the
American public opinion will
perverbed'by the lies and calumnies Irest of the world and superior to
of her enemies. We are all going' it, and predestined to .mafntain that
deeper than the surface in our!sr:pariority by war. In contrast to
'searchfor the truth. Your letter i this narrow and destruetiee spirit
&peeks of Germany as being in a „f nationalism we in :America have
streets of Berlin, would not you,
Would not all of Inv 93 rurrespqud-
ents, if they saw their hones }bat-
tered in ruins and thei;r sons dead
in the streets, ,would they, too, not
Ane from their windows upon the
merciless invaders? 1 an sure 1
would do so!
German Militarism.
Your reference to German .mili-
tarism ?brings up in any mind the
conviction that this war began po-
tentially 25 years ago, when Emper-
or William ascended the throue, de-
clared himself Supreme War Lord,.
and proceeded to prepare his nation
ilex• war, His own ehildren were
raised from their +baby hood to con-
sider !themselves soldiers and to
look forward boa destiny of slaugh-
ter; and here in America we know
even his daughter only by her pho-
tograph in a eolonel's uniform. And
as with his own children, so all the
struggle 'which has been forced up-
on her.' That is the whole question :
all others are subsidiary. If this
struggle was furced upon Germany,
then, indeed, she stands in a posi-
tion' of mighty dignity and honor, your Emperor, who has drive:n his
and the whale world should ace I troops to slaughter their brethren
claim her and succor her, to the ut and be slaughtered by them in this
ter confusion and ,punishment of bloody and unspeakable eonfiict,
the. foes who have attacked her. But And so, my dear Dr. ;S:ehaper,
if this outrageous war was not we find ourselves shocked, asham-
forced upon her, would it not fol- ed, and outraged that a Christian
leve in the course of reason that her nation should be guilty of this crim-
learned the value of humanity
above the race so that we cherish
all mankind in the ?bosom of our
eountry. Therefore we can do no-
thing but execrate the conduct of
position is with.,nt dignity and hon-
or and that it it her foes who should
be ae laimed and sal ported to the
extreme limit of human sympathy?
I believe, clear Dr, Schaper,
that the jud;ment on this para-
mount question has been formed.
That judgment is not based upon
the lies and calumnies the careless
publications contained in the news-
papers, but upc'_a a profound study
of the official correspondence in
;the eaen. Whit do the official doe-
umeuts prove:"
After teviewiag the evidence Mr.
Chareh esecludes:
"Who began it 1 \Vas it England?
,S.izrc ly FJ, .because England, in
e•; far as her army is concerned,
had ••ieleled to the popular plea for
arhit,atien: she was not ready for
war and will net be ready for an-
otenir s.+. meat's. Was it France?
Was it Russia l Not one of the
93 li_ inguished men who have sent
me this letter, if they will read the
evidence, will say so. It .w:as Aus-
tria elm, by her unreasonable and
inexurahle attack on Servia, began
the war, suppurted at every steep by
Germany. who. in her turn, gave.
notice to the Powers of Europe that
any interference - with Austria
would be resented by Germany to
the full limit of war.
The Crime Against Belgium.
Mr. Church proceeds
:—
The next point in your letter
reads thus: "It it not true that we
have tresxpassed in neutral Bel-
gium." Have these 93 men studied
well the letter they have 'signed?
Could intelleets so superbly trained
deliberately certify' to such an un-
warretnted declaration? Has any
one of my 93honored correspond-
ents read the appeal to the A'meri-
caat :people by C'hancelllor von liet•h-
man ' Ilollweg. published in the
Amsr'ican newspapers on August
131 I fear not, for in that'state-
ment the C'haneellor said: "We
e
were.cemspelled to override the just
piotest.s of the Luxemburg and Bel-
gian Governments. The wrong—I
speak frankly—that we are commit-
ting. we' will.endeavor to make good
as soon as our military goal . has;
been reaehed,"
Wllab will the good conscience of
the,Ol'erraen people. ,say when, in
spite !ofits �peesion in. the rage .of,
.war, rt ,grasps the awful •signifi•G
ante of the confession ,of its Imper-
ial Clransellor1• "The•-at'rong. that
we are oommibtiug.". .Chs wreck
ancj;;ruin of a country that has done
yoi no; injury, the slaughter of her
sons the expulsion of her Ring
and Government, the !blackmail of
het eubstanoe, the destenlation ,of
her`aities, w�,,tt'th their happy homes,
t'lj Tgibeautiftel_mlonuspents of his -
tow 'tienes, andthepriceless works
.oifAhumangenine1' 'The ;wrong +that
we mere opnrttnittbing'." Worst of all,
wheal lire dt:s is st:eand maddened
pop-ttlal4.ey eeeen,ge their one ,slain
and thele: hoMes, in fie:mess fired
front, thole windows in the ,!bast in-
stinct of nature, your troops, with
barbaric'fexasibv put !them .fp the
tmsioed without distinction of age
or sex I The wron,g! Qh, Doctor
iiinhaper, if these conditions ehatild
ever be reversed atnd these foreign
Soldiers should march through the
mai war. There was no justifica-
tion far it. Armed and defended
as you were, the whole world could,
never have broken into your bor-
ders. And while German culture
still has something to gain from her
neighbors, yet the intellectual pro-
gress which Germany was making
'seemed to be lifting, up her own
people to better things for them-
selves and to an altruistic service.
to mankind. Your great nation
floated its ships in every ocean, •sold•
its wares to the •uttermost parts of
the earth and enjoyed ,the good fel
vor of humanity, because it was
trusted as a human !State. But now
all this achievement has vanished,
all this good opinion has been de-
stroyed. You cannot in half a cen-
turn regain the ,spiritual and ma-
terial benefits which you have lost.
Oh, that we might have again u
Germany that we could respect, a
Germany Of true peace, of true pro-
gress, of true culbure, modest and
not ;boastful, for ever rid of her
war lords and her.arnied•hosts, and
turning once more to the uplifting
influence of such leaders as Luther,
Goethe, Beethoven, and Kant !
But Germany, whether you win or
lose in ,this war, has ,fallen, and the
once glorious nation'muet ;continue
to ,pursue in darkness and murder
until conscience at lasb bids it with-
draw its armies (back to its own
,boundaries, there to hope for the
world's pardon upon this inexpi-
able damnation.
COMMAND OF THE SEAS.
•
Comparison of British and German
➢Ierehant Casualties.
The British Board of Trade has
issued a table :showing how effec-
tively the British Navy has swept
German shipping from the seas, and
has held the seas;secure for Bribieh
shipping, The total number of Bri-
tish and German steamships of over
100 toes gross ;are :—British,, 10,123,
with a geese tonnage of 20,523,706;
German, 2,:090' ships, gross tonnage
6,134,720. Of taiese vessels there are
unavailable for various oanses:—
Britibh---Captured, 49; detained in
German poets, 75; 'held up in the.
Baltic, and the 131'ack Sea, 71—total,
105, with a gross tonnage of 585,-
551, or 1.9 per sent. of the total
number of steamships and 2.9 per
cent. of the gross tonnage. Ger
,man—Gap!tareed, 80; detained, in
British or Allied ports, 166; seeking
refuge in neutral ports, 646; an
German pores, 329 -total unavaila-
ble, 1,221; grass tonnage, 4,584,926,
or 58.4 per cent. of the total num-
ber and 89,3 per cent, of the total
number and 89,3 per oent. of the
gross tonnage.
Plying—British, 9,998 ships, or
98,1 per oen•t, of the total number,
with a grope tannage of 20,122,173,
or 97.1 per cent. of Idle grass ton-
nage. Plying or unalocounted for :—
German -Known to be at sea, 10.
ships; over 500 tones, not raccounted
for, 125; abeam brawicrs, ,nob ac-
counted for 853; esnall dossiers• not
aocannted kr, 381; total, 869, or
41.9 per sent., with a gross ton-
nage, of 54147.94s or 10,7 per oe:nt.
The girl t!ha:t .steals a man's heart
is liable to ,get a life sentence ab
hard labor,
•
Interior of all English Military Ambula'ic
A ap]erdid idea is conveyed by this photo of what a military ambul
less interior, the wounded ase ecnveyed from the battle lines to ;the
m:odeen science and surgery is *ailed en while. the men are being born
particular tmin is en the Midland Railroad, but every rai'-'road eon]
the government many such trains similarly equipped.
0 Tr'nin.
•
anoe train looks :like.. In its epct-
hiesc hospitals. Every acl kn • w':x to
e in this train to the hospitals. This
pany in England is furnishing to
AN AMAZING PROGRAMME
HOW RUSSIA IS RULED BY
PETER THE GREAT.
His luny Prophecies That Have
Come True Is Indeed
Startling.
Russia's proclamation of the .an-
nexation of !Galicia serves to re-
call a most remarkable historical
document—the ,secret will of Peter
the Great- -which, it i4 said, is
read to every Czar of Russia. on his
ascension to the ;throne.
In. •that will Peter laid out an
amazing programme of aggression
for future Czars to follow, which
had as its consummation the com-
mercial or political subjugation of
the entire world.
Nearly two centuries have passed
since Peter died, The proportion
of his prophecies that have come
true is startling. Poland has dis-
appeared; Sweden has been Numb-.
led. and isolated; the Tux+k has been
driven from the Black 'Sea; ;the
road to India. is mostly in the czar's
hands, and a vast line of Russian
advance has spread over Northern
Asia to the Pacific Ocean.
The guiding hands •of the dead
czar may be seenas clearly in. the
present war as at any time in the
past. England, must be made a
oommereial ally, Peter cotinseled
his euoc•esnors. All !Slavonia peo-
ples must be molded into one na-
tion, Constantinople should be tak-
en and the ascendancy •over the
Teuton race gained by fair means
or foul.
• Three +far-reaching objectives,
and all of them possible as an.oub-
come of the titanic ever now in pro-
gress. It seems almost that Russia
has had no other polity than a de-
termination to make Peter's pro-
phecies coxae true.
"Russian princes should be en-
couraged to take German prin-
eesses to wife. Thus we will draw
their best 'blood into our nation:
and absorb the benefits of their oiv-
iliza:tion."
German Wives of Russian Nobles.
Peter wrote the foregoing •some
time previous to This death in 1725.
Whether or not the princes of Rus-
siva have been influenced by his
advice, it, remainsa surprising fact
that the wives of the higher Russian
nobility, : whenever from another
nation, are +Haat generally Ger-
mans.
The ;present erar, is the son of a
Danieli ,prin;cess, who was hall .Ger-.
man, His wife was, a.;prinseas of .the
Gorman state of Hesse. Grand
Duke 'Cyril married Prirteess Vic-
toria of "Saxe -Coburg and Grand
T)uke Paul married a German wo-
man of lesser rank, 'Countess von
Hohen feisen.
• Austtla was to be 'considered only
a pawn among nations, acyeordin6
to Peter. He u!dvfse•d the czars
who followed him :to coax and cod-
dle the dual monarchy as long as
it could +be of service, and to strike
when ib stood in the way. Or, bet-
ter yet, he urged, involve it in wars
with France, Germany or Italy and
let it wear its strength down with-
out damage bo Russia. He said:
"We must make the house of Aus-
tria interested iic the expulsion of
the Turk from Europe, and we must
neutralize its jealousy at .the cap-
ture of Constantinople either by
preoccupying ie with a war with
other European states or by allow-
ing it a share of the spoil, which we
can afterward resume at our lei-
.
What could ;be more prophetic?
Russia's advance along the Black
!Sea was marked by the ae.quieition
of Galicia, Bukowina, Bosnia and
Noviibazar by Austria. It has al-
ready last the lather •to •Servia, the
two (former will : 'become Russian
territory if the allies win the pre-
sent war, and ,Servian arms ars
now invading Bosnia. Russia, it
would seem, is resuming ab its
Leisure.
Constantinople the Goal.
No effort should be spared to gain
control of Constantinople, Peter -
:urged. Russia has spared none.
Had it not been for the united re-
•sistance of the .powers of Europe
in the (Crimean war it would be
Czar;grad, instead of Constanti-
nople now. 'H•e wrote
`We must progress ma mach as
possible in ,the direction of 'Con-
stantinople and India. He who can
once get possession •af those points
is the real ruler of the world. With
that in z'iew we must provoke con-
stant quarrels with Turkey and at
another time with 'Persia. .
Moreover, :we must take pains to
establish and maintain an intimate
union . with Austria, apparently
efluntenaneing its schemes for Ifu-
ttir•e aggrandizement and all the
while secretly rousing the jealousy
Of the minor states /sgainet it. lu
this way we must bring it to pans
that one or ahe other party shall
sleek aid from Russia; and thus we
shall exercise a sorb of prot :iterate
over the country, which will pave
the, way for fatttre ,supremacy','
Stevie and Mrntcnegro were pro,
vosed to war and appealed to Rus-
sia ;for aid. • That furnished the
spark which kindled the. war of
nine nations. Poland once tuned
to }Russia as the Balkan States did
only yesterday. No histo elan urs+ld
truce the cc,urse of Balkan ells -Ja-
mey (better than thus dead cza • did
two centuries ago,.;
Russia has d !lowed Peter's ad-
vice to make England a eatnmerc:al
allay. In addition, France has been
drawn in,' and the triple entente
formed, 'which has developed into a
military, asewell,as is commercial
bond.
Peter's plan for ,the, final strug-
gle for world :su,pretnaey •was as 000-
cise as his.othei•s. Sas tkivocated ;bl ii
'making of secret and separate•ovee-
tures to Vienne and Paras, to share
the domination of the world, lloth
world roapond, he !believed. '.Chen
the two woods} be involved in
A Death Struggle
which would .eliminate one ;from
the field. Russia would calmly pick
the bonesef the other.
Peter did nob see the future rise
of the present Germany; but in a
measure he predicted it. "The
north will • always win over the
south," he said. Austria, to Peter,
was the head of the Teuton peoples
and all his advice concerning the
handling of Vienna would apply as
well to Berlin.
He;believed ,that the future great-
ness of the Russian race was or-
dained by fate. Not westward, but
northward, the •star• of empire
would wend itsway according to his
plans. Egypb, Chaldse, Balbylon,
Greene, Rome, . France, England,
why not Russia next? Kismet,
Brassie would be next.
"I look on the future invasion of
the. eastern and western ;countries
by the north as a periodical move-
meub, ordained by Providence, who
in like manner regenerated the Bo-
man nation by barbarian invasions.
These emigrabions of oxen. from :the
north are as the reflux •orf the Nile;
which at certain ;seasons comes to
fertilize the impoverished lands of
Event by its deposits.. I found Rus-
sia, as a rivulet. 1 leave it as a
river.' avis ;successors will make it
a large eea, destined to fertilize
the impoverished land's of Europe,
and its ;waters will overflow in spite
of opposing dams erected !by weals
hands., if our descendants only
know how to direct its course, This
is'the reason I leave them these in-
t;truotions. I give these countries
bo their w:atahfu•lness•and care, al
Morse Oavc the Tsubles of Law to
the Jewish people."
THOU.Gi;[TS 1011 THE DAY.
Ify^ou have built evades in the,
air your work need not be lost;
that is where they slhonild be built;
.now put founcl:abions under them.—
Thoreau,
Life as dho;rt. Let ne not throw
any of it away in useless resent,
meat. It is best nob to be angry.
It is nextbest to be quickly reeoe-
oil,sd,-Dr. Johnson.
It in only the young that Can re-
ceive much reward kom mien's
praise •, the odd, when they are
great, get too fora beyond and above
you to Caro wham you think of thedn,
—Ruskin.
Revesenes for •age is a fah te-st of
the vigor of youth; and, cpnvor;se]y,
insalenee =towards; the old and deo
paq, whether in individuals or in
million's, its a sign ;rather of weak-
nese than of strengtix,—Kingsley.
A mean who lives right, and' is
right, has m.os'e power in hens silence
than another by his words. Chem -
ter tis ;like belle whiclh ring out sweet
mask, and w;htoh, when to:uehed
accidentally even, resound with
sweet wussc,—Phillips Brooke,
makes, a Tip Out Not a Tipple.
Commereia.l, Traveller Have a
'drink, Sam.
Nobel Porber—No, sah. Ah don't
drink; it's against mall principali-
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ua
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a
['VARY 001.11 ENGLAND
NEWS BY MAIL ADOUT -3O1IN
BELL AND HIS PEOPLE.
Oceurrencos to The Land That
ttciges Supreme in the Com-
mercial World.
•
A dying crippled girl in. Sheffield
named Gertie Nelson, lent her last
.!tilling to Prince Mary's Sailors'
and Seidler -a' Christmas Fund.
Sir Felix Schnater, Bast., tender-
ed his rreeigetation es sliairman of
the Union of London and ,mita
hunk, bat the directors declined to
accept it. .
Mrs,- Cooper, wife of Lieut. John
Cooper, Army Service Corps, was
insta_' y killed in a meetor :accid-eat
on the road near .Whenstone,. \\'ar-
iiiek:•hir•e.
Ten coaches- were ;derailed and a
number of p'a-e •engers suffered from
meek as the result of :a col.lisfon at
Canna Street, between a Plumstead
train .a -,d it Barnehae.t train.
Iress•r-otions have been received
tee' raise the strength of the 2nd
King Edward's Horse, otationed at
Hounslow esisairy barracks by the
raising el an additional squadron.
The E,oclesiastioal Commissioners
have granted the uee of ono of their
empty hooses in Vasal Road, Brox-
bon, rent free for six menthe, for
the - accommodation of Belgian re-
fugees.
George Crabtree, aged 25, a poi-
✓ ote in tate 8th Patealion York and
Lancaster 11•egiu:ent, who had re-
ceived his dieellarge, through defec-
tive eyes, drowned himself in the
owned at Rotherham.
Mr, Asquith announced in his
Guildhall •epeech ,that the King has
conferred :a pe_rage on Mr. Walter
Cunliffe, the Governor of die Bank
of England, for his services during
the pease* ori sty,
Six dwelling ho.usses in Brixton
are being used for the aoeommoda-
tisn of Belgian refugees, and it is
exported- that tike lo•ea1 authorities
will grant tax rete exemption in re-
spect of the ;houses so: used.
Councillor J, Howard Jackson,
who recently vacated the poeltian of.
Mayor of Rochester•, was the Last
o f five brothers, . each of Whom held
the position of mayor of an impor-
tant town .in England.
Queen IbIar'y has received. from
Mrs. Arthur Chambers of Newcas-
tle, a qusmrtity of j•ew•ellery .to. be
sold for the we -r fiend, and dee hall
shoes woes by the Empress Eugenie
whew bho escaped from Paris.
A new !bent, wihich needs neither
poles nor guy mopes, and portablm
stables ref similar design, Have been
subnvb-t' d- to tlhs'War Office by Mr.
F. T. Aylwin, c, Canadian North-
west Morneed Pollee veteran,
Over 400 miembers of the Kings-
ton, Surrey send district Wednesday
Fe'ctball League iis•ve joined the
calors, and in eonsequenee only
eight; e1 the 28 clubs; in the 'league
are able to continue -with league
3xbures,
The bronze nmedal of the R.S.P.
C.A. has been conferred on Cant,
Neilson of the hc.spital ship Rohillt,t,
wrecked off Whitby, which rei:armed.
to the 'wreck and at danger' to his
own life rescued a allele black kit-
ten.
It is reported that Messrs. Vick-
ers, the famine gun m:anufaeburer•s
prances' building 'a factory at Cr••ay-
ford, Kent, for rade manufacture o.f
eewing machines with the purpose
of •ouati•ng from the country the
Gemmuan makers,
.As a resulrb of a number of eon-
ferences lielct re:cenitlyarran'getnents
are now being made for the pur-
chass of a factory- in. the Middlnnds
for the manufacture of clueap chocks
which lut'herto have been imported
from Gerlmany,
The Reason.
Darin Military review Daring a' y watAl-
dershot last •sum,mer one of the
foreign attaches had made himself
albnoxtous to several sbaff offieers
by asking ridiculous questions,
•Turning to an old infantry officer,
he, said t
"Haw, is it, colonel, that, your
bugls ca;ll `A:dveinoe' is uo shox't,
while 14' 'Retreat' is - just the rs-
verse 2"
"teee,'se, sir," replied the veb-
eran, "glen a British soldier ,goes
into nation it rally, needs en 'little!
note 'teem a bugle to make hien •ad-
vartce anvwher'e, but it takes a
whole brass band 'bo make him re,
biro r,
00 ACIDITIES' OF 11'01.IE.N
England and \\gales have 117,•
057 woman clerks.
American girls .spend 6131,000,05C
a year for 'candy.
;Saleswomen in New York City
number over 23,000.
New York has a huts} uwned and
managed by two sisters..
Woodbury, N.J., has a woman's
auxiliary file company,
New York state has 432 wortsen'e
clubs, with a .membership of over
300,003.
Of over 800,000 employees in the
factories of Saxony, 210,710 are
women.
Queen Elizabeth, -of Belgium, haus
a ho'Lhy el being photographed with
her children: -
One half of the women in the
United ,States marry before they
are 25 years old.
Mrs. ;Cunliffe Owen organized the
Sportsman's ;battalion at General
Kitehener's :army.
Austrian and Hungarian women
are giving their best -loved je-vels
to swell the war fund.
The Women's Emergency carps in
England has a Large force of girls
employed in making toys.
Woman students at the Pennsyl-
vania (State college are now given
the same opportunity of gaining an
education as the men.
Chinese women are not allowed
to select their future husbands, all
the arrangements beim made by
the. !parents of the affiaxr:d
couple.
As a reward:for her indefatigable
work among the sick and wounded,
Emperor Francis Joseph of Aus-
tria, has conferred •the Grand Cram
of the Order of Elizabeth upon Mrs,
Frederick Penfield, wife of the
.American ambassador to Vienna.
In assisting a band of ea -eh -tam in
driving a herd of cattle from Port-
land, Ore., to Fairbanks, Alaska,
.a distance of 200 miles, Miss Grano
Carter srpenb 32 days in the caddie,
In Switzerland there is one di-
vorce for every 22 marriages ; in
France one for every 30; in Ger-
many, one for ever,, 44; in England
one for every 400, and in the United
!Rates, one in every ;twelve.
In England 3,185 women are em•
ployed -in the Coal mining industry,
2,953.in the ;building trade, 7,170 on
the railways, and 7,284 in the en-
gineering, 'machine making, iron
founding and boiler making trade.
Joseph Grace Chan, a 'Chinese
girl now a etuclenb ab the University
of California, will, atber her gradRi-
ation, aid her oauntrymen'by scien-
'bifire knowledge, and one of the
first things she will do upon her
return home will be to perfect the
sewer system in China bynxeans of
an educational canxpaign. -•
Women have no rights among the
natives of New Guinea, They,: are
,treated as slaves; worked' alnio b to
death and savagely -beaten •. •wh:en
their owners happen 'tate in a h.a•d
humor, which is often, ' Ib ds their
business to -cultivate the fields of
banana and rice while their lords ,
and masters attend teethe fighting
and hunting. If a einii rch000ses to,
murder his wife moo- one interferes
and nothing mxueh asane to be
thought. of lir,
Germans' Helmet Light. -
Desp:ite the heavy appearance.. ol-
die German soldiers' helmets, they
are exceedingly light. They .are
made -of steel, !but they are nearly
as ligh.b as a sbranv hat, ,and far
more cortifonable,- The large 'nili-
Lary -looking spike is not placed on
the torp of the helmet for ornament
-alone, There are se eye} limo j
Boles an ib which ventilate the mad-
s -ere. head, The steel!frcan which -the
helmet la mode iy eXcocdin,xly thin
—almost as thin as Paper, used all
round inside, where, the helmet
Witches the head, there are a muni,
ber of springs,
•
a•
Deteet:iag a Submarine.
• It is pratleallt impossible 'for
an -shipidebe:csilken—kiln;'.
marine, an to know that she is at-
tacked until the tor;t:e•do is fired,
Otl.ce the torpedo is .fired the game
is given away, berates submarine
attacks tan only be' d.1ivered in .
daylight, and borpedaes cannot be
fined without betraying the circun -
stanees by the ,btuk.!:ales that tluoy.
melee et the -water,