HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Brussels Post, 1912-2-29, Page 3gousEll� L
MISCELLANEOUS RECIPES,
Oatmeal,—Cook this cereal over-
night in•a fireless cooker or double
boiler, If a coal range is used,
cook an hour in the double boiler,
then reprove to the back of the
,range, and let it continuo to cook
.overnight. If gas is used, cook one-
half hour in double boiler, fill the
water receptacle with boiling
water, turn out the gas and wrap
the double boiler in an old blan-
ket, paper or any convenient non-
conductor, thus retaining the heat,
The flavor of oatmeal thus cooked
is delicious. Serve warm with
'ere= or add chopped raisins, dates
or figs, or mold and serve cold, as
•preferred.
Radish and Celery Salad.—Six
tender red radishes, one bunch cel-
ery, one head lettuce, one-quarter
cup French dressing. Out celery
in 2 -inch lengths, slash % inch and
inch apart on each end, throw
into ice water and allow to stand
two hours. The cut ends will curl
up. Wash, wipe and slice the rad-
ishes in thin circular slices, leav-
ing the peel on for the color. Rub
the celery bowl with onion and line
the bowl with the lettuce leaves,
which have been crisped in -ice
water. Arrange the radishes on
the lettuce ]eaves, then add a lay-
er of celery; continue until all are
used. Pour the French dressing
over all, taking care each portion
is marinated. Serve at the table.
Baked Pig Ham.—Procure a
choice ham from ayoung animal.
Remove rind, stick cloves over the
surface at intervals of 3 or 4 inches,
coat with sugar syrup and cover
with sifted flour. Place in roaster
and bake in a moderate oven until
well clone. Baste with warm water
and drippings each half hour. Re-
move cover and allow the ham to
brown. Serve hot with apple sauce.
Sponge Cake.—Six eggs, one eup
sugar, ono tablespoon lemon juice,
ono cup flour; salt. Separate eggs,
beat the whites until creamy. To
the beaten yolks acicl gradually the
sugar and seasoning and half the
whites. Then sift in gradually the
flour and salt. Add the remainder
of the whites and bake as a loaf
or in small cakes. This recipe is
used for ladyingers also.
Potato Apples.—Two cups mash-
ed patatoes, one tablespoon melt-
ed butter, two tablespoons hot
milk, one dozen whole cloves. If
left -over mashed potatoes are used,
heat thoroughly in a double boil-
er. When warm heat until thor-
oughly mixed. Divide into eight
portions, form into a ball, dent the
top and insert a clove, pushing well
down, to represent the bloom end
of the apple. Dent the opposite
end and insert a clove as a stem;
cinnamon sticks may be used if pre-
ferred. Brush apple with melted
butter, sprinkle one side with pa-
prika or cinnamon to give a red
'cheek. Bake ten minutes in a me-
dium oven. Serve hot.
Cereal with Fruit.—Ono cup
water, one-quarter cup cereal, one-
quarter cup chopped dates, one-
quarter teaspoon salt, one-quarter
cup chopped raisins. Cook tate ce-
real in boiling. salted water five
minutes. Place over water and
cook several hours as directed in
case of oatmeal. Before taking
from the cooker add the fruit and
'mix carefully. Mold and serve with
whipped create.
Veal Birds.—Twe pounds veal
chops (about), one bunch parsley,
two ounces bacon, one-half onion,
one-half cup bread crumbs, one
ealtspoon salt, one-quarter salt -
spoon ,paprika. Cut veal in three-
inch. squares. Put bones in soup
kettle. Pound each piece out flat,
place on top of strip of thin bacon
three inches long and a hrilf-inch
wide, a spray of ,parsley and a tea-
spoonful s poonful of bread crumbs. Sprinkle
l
with salt, paprika and add a few
drops of onion juice. Boll the veal
tightly and skewer in place in ear••
iherole, With the fat in which the
birds have been browned make a
thin brown sauce and add to the
casserole, covering the birds. Bake
till tender. When ready to servo
arrairge the birds on tate platter,
remove the skewers, cover with
brown sauce and garnish with
spring of parsley.
Bird's Nest on Toast,—:P.ceparo
four slices of biktercd toast. On
each slice make a ring of white of
eggbeaten stiff, the yolk .into
Slip
the center of the ring. Sprinkle
with salt and place tinder the boi-
ler until the egg is "set." Servo
very hot.
Tomato Green Pepper Salad,—
Ono -quarter cup French dressing,
three medium-sized tomatoes, one
email green, sweet pepper, ono
bunch head letttiee. Select firm
torna,toes, pool and slice, ,Remove
the seeds from a fresh green 'pep-
perand slice the i ver tail
n podn y n
strips with a, paring -knife. limb a
small salad bowl with a bit of, et -
len, and lino with , crisp lettuce
leaves. Arrange a layer of sifted
tomatoes. sheen , the lettince and
sprinkle with the sliced green pep=
pers, then another layer of the to-
matoes and the remainder of the
green peppers. Pour the dressing
over all. The salad is intended to
bo served at tato table.
Larded Beef Tenderloin.' --Select
ilio tenderloin from a prirne beef if
possible and have your meat cutter
"lard" it for you, Brown in hot
fat, remove to the roaster, baste
well and bake abeirt forty-five nun-
utes, basting every five minutes.
Beetled Bananas with Bacon.—
Two bananas, two slices best ba-
con, half bunch cress. Select firm
bananas, peel and split through the
center lengthwise. Arrange upon
,a broiler with cut surface upper-
most. Cut the bacon into narrow
strips and arrange on the bananas.
Close broiler and broil over coals
or under gas flame until bacon is
crisp and bananas well cooked
(about ton minutes). 1f coals aro
used be careful to avoid smoking
the bananas. Serve on hot platter
garnished with cress.
HOUSEKEEPING HELPS.
Don't try to save coal at the ex-
pense of the viands; always have a
steady and sufficient fire for cook-
ing,
A. stock pot should always be
handy, and bones and odd pieces
of meat put in for the making of
soups and gravies.
Every drop of dripping and bacon
fat, etc„ ought to be saved. The
former, when clarified, will keep a
long time, and the latter is excel-
lent for making pastry.
A discarded wire bonnet frame
can be bent to any desired shape
and fitted in the mouth of a jardin-
iere or wide vase, forming just the
support. that certain long-stemmed
flowers need to keep them in grace-
ful position.
If you use kerosene lamps and do
not personally see to having the
inner parts taken out and boiled
in vinegar and soda, you do not
realize how bright the light can be
made.
Half of a dress shield fastened
on the under side of baby's bib pre-
vents the moisture from wetting his
dress and underclothing.
Perhaps few people know that
china silk waists should be washed,
then starched in a thio starch and
ironed while damp. This makes
them look just as they did when
they were new.
If in search of a soil covering for
potted plants, invest a few pennies
in a packet of Jonopsidivan seed,
known as diamond flower, and you
will be rewarded after ,sowing, in
a very short time, with a beauti-
ful green carpet, set with diamond -
aliened blossoms of a pale blue
color.
A corn broom (floor or hand)
which has become worn so the cor-
ners are round, should be cut off
across the bottom until they are
square as wen new. The broom will
do better work as well as look bet-
ter.
Ordinary baking soda, either as a
powder or dissolved in a little
water, will put out a small fire im-
mediately. It forms a gas, carbon
dioxide, which smothers the flame.
A small handful in a cup of water
or by itself is nearly always suffici-
ent,
For removing smoke and dust
from wall paper, especially the in-
grain, nothing is more effective
than cotton batting cut into con-
venient squares. As the work pro-
gresses, peel off the soiled cotton
and burn.
Every now and then, instead of
allowing the carpet to remain in
exactly the same position as first
placed, the tread of the carpet
should be rnovecl a couple of inches
or so either tip' or clown. This ban
the effect of keeping the pile of the
carpet in a uniform condition, and,
besides retaining the fresh appear-
ance of the carpet, it helps tolast
much longer then it would if left
exactly as laid. It costs nothing
to do this, yet saves mush.
A substitute for the mirror or
window frame as a place for drying
handkerchiefs is a sheat of glass
large enough for two handkerchiefs
on each side. This can easily be
kept clean, and the handkerchiefs
can be more Conveniently exposed
to light and air.
TIVI;NTV-ONE BRO JIERS MET.
Introduction Miele. at Homo lay
Grey-haired Mother.
A meeting of twenty-one sons,
some of whom had never scee each
other before, took place in Lon-
don on the birthday of their' mo-
ther, Mrs, Corfield; a grey-haired'
Lincolnshire (England) woman,
The sons, who are all grown up,
came Iron all parts. Two had jour-
neyed from fruit farms in Canada;
others who aro soldiers lied ob-
tained special furlough. But the
strangest feature of the meeting
was that the mother had to intro -
duets some of the sons to each other,
They met as strangers. For the
first time,, for instance, the oldest
eon saw his two youngeab brothers.
I3e had left his mother's home for
distant lands before the others were
born, Only tite ' happy, smiling
mother with the silyet-grey hair.
was able to recognize each member
of this ''vast family,
NEW SPRING MODELS FROM. PARIS.
These three models are early Spring fashions which show in de-
tail some of the important features that will soon be popular. The
gown on the right is of pearly grey satin, fastened at the side with
fiat glass buttons and collar and cuffs of embroidery. The middle
gown is of whits taffeta with a deep girdle of black satin with a bow,
and sash ends to hem of skirt. The gown on the left is of marine blue
voile with corded puff of taffeta at all edges. On this skirt is shown
the new accordion pleated flounce,
SIMPLE LIFE OF JAPANESE
WAGES MEAGRE AND EXPEN-
SES ARE LOW.
1Vell-to-do and Poor housed Near-
ly Alike and All Enjoy
Themselves.
In Japan n remarkable feature of
the industrial and social life is the
great uniformity in the manner of
living, among different classes,
says the Westminster Review.
They all live in very similar dwell-
ings. Tho poorer people have four
wooden walls, and for furniture a
few mats and blankets and a coal
pot.
In Manchuria Japanese settlers
are beginning to build steno houses
with steam heating, but they a're
bare inside.. Nor is this feature con-
fined to the working classes. It is
found through all strata of the pop-
ulation.
The fend, save in the very highest
classes, is in the main very uniform,
rice and green tea, with sake as a,
stimulant. Among those who have
not yet adopted European fashions,
even the dress is in substance the
same brought out in the middle
and the lower classes.
HIGH WAGES NOT NEEDED.
The question of the balance be-
tween wages and the, cost of living
is the one that in. the long run
makes revolutions. It has not come
into the open yet in Japan. Wages
vary exceedingly, and no real
standard can be given, but they are,
as a rule, very email, though recent
years have witnessed a steady rise.
They are given sometimes by time,
sometimes by piece, mostly by weird
combinations of all possible meth-
ods.
But the weekly budget of the Jap-
anese working mean ie very small.
His rent is a more trifle; the same
may be said of his food, His only
extras are a hot bath regularly
every other day, twice n month or
so a family trip to the theatre, a few
pence for toys for hips children and
wifely more to propitiate the deities
or the priests, Counting the family
at two adults and three juveniles,
and including ovary necesenry and
likely outlay the weekly bill will
come to about three dollars a week.
WORK HOURS VARY.
House of labor are to western
notions outrageous, on an average
eleven a day brit frequently twelve,
thirteen or even fourteen, At=
tempts hove been made repeatedly
to Malt trade rations, but never elle-
cessfully, Where they have strug-
gled into wretched exis•tenee they
are of no account whatever, because
they do not as yet answer to a need
of the. people, It is signifsoant that
men,y, of these attempts were
brought to is ruinous end by the dis-
lroii tty and corruption of their pro-
mo tors.
Insurance .against old age and in-
firmity is unnecessary in Japan, so
long as the present firmly anchored
tradition endures, which ascribes it
duty upon sac s
It person on to con -
as n
tribute to the maintenance, of an
aged, incrtnable or infirm member
of his family.
Flour tri
'.'l1 lose its goodness if
kept in ie damp plana,
WHEN HUME WAS ORTHODOX.
David Hume, famous for bis his-
tory, his philosophy and his athe-
ism, was once, we are told, reduced
to a very humble and obedient or-
thodoxy -although that state of
mind did not long endure. The
story is thus told by the London
Chronicle:
Having fallen into a swamp at
the back of Edinburgh Castle, he
called for assistance to a 'woman
who was passing. At first she took
no notice, but presently she asked:
"Are na ye Hume, the atheist?"
"Weel, weel, no matter," Hume
said. "Christian charity commands
you to do good to every one."
"Christian charity here or Chris-
tian charity there," the woman
said, "I'll do naething for you till
ye turn a Christian yourself. Ye
maun repeat the Lord's Prayer and
the Creed, or faith, I'll let ye grate
(grovel) there as I found ye."
And he had to repeat them.
'1
LORD. PENTLAIN/0,
Son-in-law of Lord Aberdeen, who
gives up the Secretaryship .for
Scotland,
JOHNNY'S MA OBJECTED..
Complaint is sometimes made of
the home work necessary in connec-
tion with the schools. 1t will be
seen there is only a qualified objec-
tion in the following instance re-
lated in the Youth's Companion;
This is the note which was Banded
to ono of the grade teachers the
other day;
"Dear Mum Please ineuso
Johnny to -day, ]Ie will not be at
school. Ho is seting as timekeep-
er for his father, Last night you
gave hien this ixarep]e, if a field is
4 miles .square how long will it take
e man walking 3 miles an hoer to
walls 2?,,, times around it? Johnny
ain't no men so we had to send his
‘tlesldy, They left Carat this mon-
ing and my, husband Bard they ought
to be back lite to -night, though it
would he hard going. pear Burn,
pleasemakethe nixt problem about
ladies, as my husband can't Afford
to lose the day's work."
THE SUNDAY SCHOOL STUDY
INTERNATIONAL LESSON,
MARCH O.
.Lesson IX.—Tho call of the float
Disciples, Mark 1. 14-28; Luke
5. 1-11. Golden Text,
Matt. 9. 37, 38.
MARK 1. 14-20.
Verse 14. After john was deliv-
ered up—Imprisoned by the order
of Herod, whom the fearless pro-
phet of righteousness had rebuked
for his open disregard of the laws
of morality and justice.
Jesus came into Galilee — Front
Judaea, where, according to the re-
cord preserved for us in the fourth
Gospel (John 1. 19 to 3. 36), Jesus
had already taught in public, clean-
sing the temple courts, discoursing
with Nicodemus, and preaching
pear the Jordan. It was on his
way from Judaea to Galilee that
Jesus had stopped in Samaria,
speaking with the woman at Jacob's
well and preaching the gospel at
Flychar. ;.
16. The time is. fulfilled --Every
loyal Jew expected the early ad-
vent of the kingdom of God. This
Messianic expectation of his coun-
trymen furnished. Jesus with a point
of contact for his public teaching
and gained for ibhn the attention
of the multitude. Before, how-
ever, giving his own interpretation
of the significance of that Messia-
nic hope or the character of the
Messianic kingdom, Jesus took
pains to indorse the preaching and
ministry of John the Baptist. This
he did by linking his own message
on to the message of his forerunner,
upon whose exhortation, Repent
yo, and believe, iia places a new
emphasis by incorporating it into
his own gospel message.
Between versos fifteen and six-
teen of Mark's narrative belong:
two events not recorded by Mark,
namely, the healing of the noble-
man's son (John 4. 40-64), and the
first rojeetion ataNazareth (Luke 4,
10-30), From Nzareth Josaa pro-
oeocled to Ca cr•naum (Matt, 4, 13-
10; Luke 4, 31), in and near which
all the oveetS recorded in the re=
mainder of our lesson passages took
place,
10, By the sea of Galilee—This
beautiful inland lake is about twelve
and one half `miles long by eight
miles wide at its broadest part,
t is very deep and -lies six hundred
feet beneath sea level in the deep
gorge of the Jordan, which enter
it at the north and passes out from
it again ab the south, It has been
compared, by reason of its charm
and natural scenic beauty, to the
lakes of Lucerne and Geneva.
Simon—Given the name of Peter
by Jesus (John 1, 42), Both Simon
and Andrew, as probably also
James and John, had met Jesus be-
fore (compare John 1, 35-42; 2,11),
Mark's account of the events
which follow (verses 16-20) is consid-
erably abbreviated and reveals sev-
eral important differences from the
longer account given in Luke (5,
1-11), which compare below. Many
commentators have thought that
we have in the two gospel narratives
accounts of separate though similar
events, but on the whole it seems
easier to regard the two accounts
as records of the same event in
spite of their differences, which a
comparison of the two accounts
makes clearly evident.
17. Come ye—toike pictures Jesus
as adclressing himself to Peter, who
doubtless on this as on other oc-
casions was the spokesman of the
group.
Fishers of Wren—A beautiful
figure of their later work and min-
istry, which, like their secular cal-
ling thus far, -would require the
qualities of alertness, energy, pati-
ence, and promptness in the seizing
of opportunities.
19. Janes—Or, Jacob. He is
always mentioned first when spoken
of in connection with his brother
John, who seems to have been the
younger.
20, Left their father ... with the
hired servants --Zebedee was not
left helpless. Tho family was ap-
parently in comfortable circum-
stances. At least one of the four
men here mentioned had been a
disciple of John the Baptist, and
all of them, doubtless, had often
spoken of Jesus. 'Their determine, -
tion to became active disciples of
his may hisses been already farmed;
his unexpected appearance and call
at this time supply furnished the
opportunity for earrying their, re-
solve into effect,
LUKE 5: 1-11,
Luke's Amami' of the enli of the
four disciples, Simon, Andrew,
James and John) sleds many 'sir-
ctutistantial detalks to the ,eonerse
statement ofMark. At this :point
sn his narrative Luke's iufortnefien
is clearly taken from another fill -
ler account which it seemed to him
important to incorporefe in his
no•rralive.
Verde 1. Gennoaaret-•-The, name
of 'the Rifle trl,'tin touching the
northwestern shore of the Son of
Galilee (Matt, 14. 34; Mark G. 63);
and hence frequently also given boJpRivILELES OF °il TO
the lake itself, I ` d � L rJ rJ
• 2. Two boats ---One belonging to
Simon and Andrew and the other
probably to James and John,
6. Master—Simon's use of this
title indicates that he already re-
garded himself as a disciple of
Jesus.
0. They inclosed a. great multi-
tude of fishes—Th-e fourth Gospel
records a similar miraculous
draught of fishes at the end of our
Lord's ministry and following the
resurrection (John 21. 0). The dif-
ferences between the two narra-
tives, however, warrant their be-
ing considered as accounts of two
separate events.
7. Begato sink—Were :n da'rger
of sin
kingn ..
10. Jesus said unto Sim to—Ad-
dressing him as the sporcosinan of
the group and in resp prise to his
own words.
11. They left all, and followed
him—This is the important fact re-
corded in the narrative, and for
which the other events entrained
simply form the appropriate act
ting.
MARK 1. 21-28.
The remaining verses of our les -
eon (21-98), together with six addi-
tional verses not included in the
lesson selection (29-34), record the
successive events crowded into a
day of helpfulness which Jesus
spent at Capernaum. A parallel
account of this day of miracles and
teaching is found in Luke 4. 31-41,
one of the passages which Luke
seems to have taken from Mark, as
suggested in the introductory para-
graph above. --
Verse 21. Capernaum—Situated
near the northwestern shore of the
Sea of Galilee. The exact site has
never been determined, Caper-
naum was for some time the head-
quarters of Jesus during the period
of his Galilean ministry, and a cen-
ter to which he often returned
from shorter teaching journeys.
29. As having authority, and not
as the scribes—The scribes were
in the habit of citing various au-
thorities for the teachings they
set forth. Jesus spoke in his own
name, without this usual deference
to the recognized authorities in
matters of law and doctrine.
23. A man with an unclean spirit
—A man with a malady which made
on those about him the impression
of being under the control of some
foreign, hostile power or spirit.
For a fuller discussion of the whole
problem of demoniacal possession,
see Introduction to Text Studies
for March 10.
27. They were all amazed .
What is this 1 ... he commandeth
even the unclean spirits—This verse
gives us the key to a correct under-
standing of the narrative which
precedes. We have in Mark's ac-
count of these events, as in all of
our gospel narratives, a record of
the impression which the words
and works of Jesus made -on his
contemporaries, including the dis-
ciples and evangelists.
HOW TO STOP STAMMERING.
Pathetic as it is, one can hardly
help ,smiling at the story of the little
stammerer who, when asked by a
gentleman the way to the station,
stuttered out: 'You'd be there be
fore I could tell you, sir 1" Stam-
mering is due to a peculiarly ner-
vous temperament, anal only very
sympathetic treatment can effect a
cure. In a child it should have im-
mediate attention, and the, first
thing is to improve the little one's
health by means of plenty of sleep,
fresh ,air, and good food, Every day
he should take deep breathing ex-
ercises in the spot air, to strength-
en the muscles of the throat, and
counteract a spasmodic habit of
breathing. Notice should be taken
of thesounds which the little stam-
merer has most trouble with, and
sentences containing these sounds
should be composed for him to re-
peat each day—very slowly and
clearly. Re.,should be asked to read
aloud every day, and, what is very
important, he sibonld never be
laughed at or scolded,
AH-TIS&•OO 1
The only attention we pay to a
sneeze at the present day is to en-
deavor to get rid of the •chill which
causes it; but a sneeze in the days •
of old Greece, was •n, matter of great
concern and import, There was
then a goal of sneezing, end great
undertakings would even be aban-
Boned if is man snoeze.si at an inap-
propriate moment, the act being
looked upon oe the oracle of the
god, A seem between midnight
and noon with looked upon as a fors
innate sign, but between noon and
midnight it betokened great dnsp-
fortutle, To sneeze to ;your right
way lucky; to the left unlucky. Iliac
q 1 foto' sa11ee3rrs Vers ,clkyl ogle or
tilrree wiry u+uluelcy,'ant stiy nectar -
taking in Maud should, 11 possible,
be abandoned; 'inose 'thee four
sneezes diel not count. Aare $4c.• a,.
saying in many parks of England to-
clay, " Oecc is wish, twice a
three i,imcs, a letter, four times
solve I h'.'. better." 1fpeople enosz..
ed togaa rr err it was a good sign, par
tieul.arly if they happened to be dis-
otreaaing business,
ANCIENT CUSTOMS TIEAT
STILL EXIST IN ENGLAND.
Celebration That Makes ri Profit for
One Village—hlitelr of
,Bacon,
To this day there are many towns
in Great Britain that enjoy special
and peculiar privileges of various
kinds. It was the custom until re
cently for manorial courts to hold
juriediotion in oentadn areas, and
their rights to punish, reward, levy
taxes and make focal appointments
were recognized as thoroughly as
are, to -day those of the local assizes
of the county councils.
These courts were known as
courts lest, courts customary and
courts baron. In many places the
sites where these tribunals sat are
still pointed out. Near Leominster,
for instance, which is a Hereford-
shire market town, a magnificent
old elm goes by the name of the
court legit elm. The court sat be-
neath its shade,
At Montisfort, near Romney,
court baron still eurvives, but its
powers, are limited.
The village of Beaconsfield, in
Buckiugha nehiro, occasionally holds
a court lout, the members of which
are selected from the freeholders of
the place. This court assembles for
the purpose of choosing the parish
constable, town crier, ale taster and
pay warden, The court must be
convened by the word of the manor,
and meets very infrequently. There
was a meeting hast year,
THE FIRST SINCE 1899.
However, if these manorial courts
have for the most part disappeared,
it i$ still possible to find a large
number of towns or villages which
enjoy peculiar rights of some kind.
When, some years ego, an act of
Parliament robbed the cinquo ports
of their most ancient privileges.
Brightlingsea, a cinque port limb
or appanage, was in .some way ever -
looked, Consequently its inhabi-
tants are still exempt from serving
on juries, they cannot be taken by
the press gang and the town case
still appoint its own ale taster.
It is at Brightlingsea that the
ceremony of electing the mayor
takes place in tale belfry of the
parish church, and there is an an-
cient statute ;sti.11 unrepealed to the
effect that the inhabitants have the
privilege of wrecking the, arouse of
any freeman who is foolish enough
to refuse the honor of election to
the town's chief civic. dignity.
In at least one manor, that of the
Earl of Carnarvon, the inhabitants
May cheerfully disregard the enact-
ments of the .ground game act, pass-
ed twenty years ago. The,aucient
right of free chase and warren• over
freehold land is still in force there.
Indeed, it wes actually exercised a
very few years ago, and a private
bill was brought into parliament de-
signed to do away with it. The hill,
however,
FAILED' TO BECOME A LAW.
The freedom of the city of Lon-
don carries with it nominally, at
any rate, the right to keep pigs in
the parish of Saint James, Picea-
dilly. But even were anyone lis-
posed to avail :himself of this liber-
ty, and if the sanitary authorities
failed to object, land in that part
of London, is somewhat too costly
for profitable pig farming.
Much more sensible is the com-
mon field system enjoyed by the
people, of Knockholt, Rent, and at
one or two other places. A common
field belongs to ,separate owners and
is divided into keg, narrow strips,
each about ten yards wide. Cer-
tain rules regulate its management.
The whole field is put under ono
crop, to the cultivation of which its
owners contribute equally, They
then share the proceeds of the crop,,
and, after the, harvest is in, each
and all of them enjoy the right of
shock—that is to say, they may turn
their cattle in to feed over the stub- -
ble.
Chetwode Manor, in Buckingham-
shire, is by ancient law permitted
collect what is known as
THE .P,,HYNE TOLL.
For a certain' period of the. year in
tate ]ate autumn all cattlepassing
on any road in the liberty of the
manor have to pay a toll at the rate
of two shillings a soore, The beak
tenants are permitted to composted
for an annual payment of ono shil-
ling. The commencement - of the
Rhyne toll is announced by the
sounding of to horn, first at Church
Hill, Buckingham, andthen on the
Oxfordshire border of the manor.
Dunmow's ilitct) o baeop, eIleh>~t
tion is a valuable asset in that it.
yields e, profit to the town of about/
200 a :year, It appears that thio
toren of Widmer, in Staffcrdaitrre, '.
has •a tourt roll of the, elate of King
Edward II. which likewise permit's
t�to lord Sf the snakier to pre,;ent.15
r. .
flit r of bacon .ted sen tl�i'-
c c n io a snarl coup
11-4
have lived happily fora yeas
anti a day. There has never yet
been a claimant for alio Wiehnor
flitch but it is extremely probable
'
that the old right may he revived.
ar'cl Dunmow provided with to rival.
i,r