HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Brussels Post, 1925-12-30, Page 2--"
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The Story of a Diamond
By JOHN A. NASH
Diamonds Have Been Sought In Ev-
ery Far Corner of World Sjnce the
Dawn of Christianity-- Described
by Pliny as "Most Valuable of
Gems Known to Kings," and After
1,800 Years Are Still Considered
Leading Precious Stones—Hardest
Substance in Nature,
By John A. Nash
(Note—High, and public school
teachers will' find this article by John
A, Nash worth clipping' and Wing
for future reference.
This little story is written to inter-
est you in the Diamond itself. Ni.er-
ly everyone at some time or other
elesires information as to the charae-
teristies, qualities and grades ef thete.
precious stones and we give you this
little story believing it will be of
material assistance in this direction
as well as proving, as it undoubuctly
does, a very interesting narrative.
Its Name.
The word "diamond" is derived
from the Greek word "edemas,"
meaning "invincible."
It is well named "invincible" sinee
it is the hardest—the most uncon-
querable substance known to nature
as it is also the most imperishable in
its prigin.
The first mention we have of the
"diamond" as a gem is by Manlius
in A. D. 10. whilst Pliny, in A. D.
100, refers to it as "the most valu-
able of gems known to kings."
It was at one time worn as a charm
to avert Insanity. In fancy we hear
some 01 our cynical bachelor friends
say that "it is usually an evidence of
insanity, or, speaking popularly, the
• madness of love." In the middle ages
it was known as "pietra della recon-
eiliziaone," that is the "peacemaker
between kusband and wife," and in
this connection numerous testimonials
as to its miraculous cures at the pre-
sent day are forthcoming,
What it Is.
The diamond is carbon -:-carbon
which has become crystallized
through intense heat combined with
great pressure.
It is chemically identical with char-
, wet and graphite (black lead), into
which it may be converted by Beat or
electricity and yet there is an extra-
ordinary difference in character. As,
for instance, the diamond is a poor
'conductor. It can be electrified or
made phosphorescent by friction and
if left in the sunlight for a time, will
give forth light to a certain extent
Frequently, in otherwise fine =-
monde, after being cut or polished,
black carbon spots will be found.
Through refraction and reflection one
such spot may be multiplied from two
.to twelve times.
Needless, to say, such spots. how-
ever small, form one of the many im-
perfections that seriously affect the
commercial value of diamonds, and
yet these spots are seldom detected
by the average buyer. The technical
name for such being "pique" or spot-
ited.
Its Formation
Unlike many of the other gems,
the diamond is found as a separate
unit—,unattached as it were—in
gravel or diamantiferous clay, from
which it is easily washed or separated
'whereas many of the other stones,
such as the opal, turquoise, amethyst
etc,, are found in a matrix of rock
appearing somewhat as veins in rear.
• ble and from which they are cut.
•
in its natural or rough state the
diamond has an. adamantine lustre, a
rather "greasy" feeling, and resem-
bles gum -Arabic in appearance.
The diamond is found in gray,
brown, yellow, white, red, green, 'blue
and black colors. Some of these are
very rare indeed and because of this
are correspondingly valuable as speed
.
The white—the pure "steel -blue -
white," of course, is the ideal and
most prized color as a gem.
There is an old saying to the effect
that "a little learning is a dangerous
thing"; just so with color in a dia-
mond. A slight yellow tint, for in-
stance, which is known as "off-color".
or "by -water" affects the value of a
diamond very seriously, whereas a
deep, bright "canary" color, because
• of its rarity, adds immensely- to its
value.
For every pure white 'diamond
• you'll find hundreds of off-color
Letterheads
Envelopes
Billheads
And all kinds of Business
Stationery printed at The
Post Publishing House.
We will do Joh that will
do credit to your biz/Antes.
Look over your stock of
Office Stationery and it
requires eeplertishieg call
us by telephone 81,
The Post PohlIshing house
stones,
The Word "Carat."
As frequent reference will be trade
to the term "carat" it might be well
to explain here that this word, as up -
plied to gold refers to quality only,
whereas applied to gems it refers to
weight.
In the ewe of gold, pure gold is
composed of 24 parts, but since such
gold is unworkable, and in any -case
would be too soft for wear, more or
loss alloy of silver or topper is nec-
essary. The term 18 "carat" gold
simply means 18 parts of pure gold
with the remaining 6 parts of alley
repuired to make the full 24 parts.
In the case of the diamond, how-
ever, "earat" means weight only and
is said to take its name from a small
Oriental seed, not to be confnsed,
however, with the "ordinary garden
variety!' It is equal to or rather
more than three grains in weight, gir-
ing 15efi carats to the ounce.
In appearance. the end of an or-
dinary lead pencil will convey the
idea of the 114 -carat stone, but care
must be taken not to suppose that a
large stone, say of 15 carats weight,
is equal in appearance to a dozen
such pencil ends, as the weight is dis-
tributed over the entire surface, and
would not be equal to more than four
or five such surfaces in appearance.
1ts, Uses.
The part that the diamond is call-
ed upon to play for purposes of adorn
Ment is too well known for further
comment.
"Diamond. 'Cupid and Benedict" is
a long established firm still carrying
on business at the same old stand.
Apart from this phase, however,
the tli.i.mond has a perfect fascination
for the majority of people. Even so
intellectual man as the late Henry
Ward Beecher is said to havo carried
around in his pocketbook, wrapped in
soft Wool, a number of such gems un-
• set, upon which he would feast his
soul from time to time, simply be.
cause of his love for the beautiful,
Since a limited number only of the
diamonds found are sufficiently fine
quality to be used for adornment, the
balance serve a very useful purpose
in the industrial fields.
The impure diamonds or those
which cannot be advantageously used
as jewels are known as "Bort" and
include all grades, shapes and colors
even to the "coal -black."
• Because of their excessive hard- ,
ness, such stones or pieces of stories • 0., the
are valuable for the drilling of glues. fastenea between two steel brilliancy and effect by pn.
eratio
washers about 1 inches wide to
anel porcelain. engraving of stories, keep it from bending- or "buckling," The Cullinan.
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14NG Our wiLD 13ELLgirlit:,rivri:LP;i\verzni:
. .
BY ALFRED TE.NNY'SON • eveli enierieuee at Wildwood,
the transplanting of seine shrubbery
Atm was busy one day directing
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UNG out, wild bells, to the wild 013y,
the tying cloud, the frosty agbt.
the year Is dying In the night --
Ring out, wild belts, and tet him die.
Ring out the old, ring in the new ;
Ring, bappy belle, across the snow.
Che year is going; kt him go—
Ring out tbe false, ring in the true.
Ring out the grief that saps the mind
for those that here vre see no more;
Ring out the feud of rich and poor;
Ring in redress to ail mankind.
Ring out a elovply dying cause
and ancient forms of party strife ;
Ring to the nobler modes of life,
With sweeter manners, purer laws.
Mu out the want, the care, the sin,
the faithless coldness of the times;
Ring -out, ring out, my mournful
rhymes
But ring the fuller minstrel in.
Ring out folic pride in place and blood,
the civic slander and the spite;
Ring in the love of truth and right;
Ring tn the common love of good.
Ring out old -shapes of foul disease;
Ring out the narrowing lust of gold;
Ring out the thousand wars of old;
. Ring In the thousand years of peace.
Ring in the valiant man and free,
the larger heart, the kindlier hand;
Ring out the darkness of the land;
Ring in the Christ that is to be. •
,e6
dentists' drill, euttingpf glass, whilst and revolVing at a very rapid reAe, It remained for the latest discover;
for rock drills in mining they are al- whilst;
most indispensable. • ' a paste of diamond dust and ed mine, the "Prem
"Premiere' in the Trims-
' thick oil is applied—that's all, and veal, to make all previous discoveries
Where Found. yet it saws the diamond very, very sink into insigni c e.
• The diamond is cosmopolitan. It slowly, , of 'were°, notwithstanding 1 This stone was of exquisite quality
has been found in almost all quarters the fact that it is the hardest known i and weighed not less than 3,025at
of the globe, although it few areas substance in nature. 'carats, or if you prefer buying your
of Europe outside of the Ural Moun-. With the great majority of cutters I diamonds like beefsteak, by the
tains, however, the process of "cleavage" I pound, that Means -exactly one and
India, South America, Australia, ie the one followed. There is a line one-third pounds. , ,
Queensland, New South Wales, the of eleavage in every rough diamond Itewas known as the 'Cullman,,
sea: sands of New England (although which must be followed diamond and was subsequently gold
gram sn wood just as the to the Transvaal government by i
never showing any signs of being e • e •
waterworn) in eighteen or twenty ' whom it was presented to hie late •
states of the Union—one stone of 23 This line of cleavage discovered, majesty, King Edward.
carats weight from "away down M1 the workman uses the sbai'o edge of
011 V" • " one stone to make a sli t cut or .
One research party at least from
"across the line" spent considerable
time making investigations in the
Hudson Bay district, without, how -
mak in the stone to be operixted -
upon; a steel edge, like the blade of ee-tseo•tair'''....6-tceoc.ete•-weeee.747:.
a dull knife is inserted and with a
Isomwasrt
. knock 'or blow the cleavage
ever, any satisfactory results.
It has even been found in meteoric Its Polishing.
stones, the result of intense heat and After the stone has been properly
preseure as metallized carbon. trimmed it is ready for polishing.
The Mines of India. , The present method was first intro -
historical interest had their birth in town of Bruges,,about the year A, I).
Nearly all the great diamonds of duced by 000 Von Berquin, the
India—in fact, until the middle of the 1450, und is quite simple.
18th century, India had no rival in
the field. They are there found in
river -gravel and old sandstones and
sand derived from therm
.At one mine in India, es Inc back
as 1050, no less than 60,000 natives
were employed.
Although die name "Golconda" is
associated in the public mind with
diamonds, it was really not important
as a producer so much sH a market
for a scattered mining district.
When visiting India a few years
ago, stopping at Secunderaband, and
hearing of Golconda a few miles a-
way, we had a desire to visit the
place and were accompanied by the
proprietor of the leading hotel, a
rather intelligent fellow. In the old.
en times this was an important forte
ress, situated at the top of a flight of,
steps, Speaking to him, on our way'
there, about the Golconda diamond
%
our guide said he had never heard of
them, but drew our attention in pass-
sng to is very large masa of huge
cubc-like stones covering acres and
acres. "These," he said, "are the
only stones I ever heard of here, and
the tradition is that the Great Archi-
teet of the Universe completed his
work here at Golconda and these
tones represent the surplus material
left over after the creation of the
Woodland !I
maid
By VICTOR REDCLIFFII
A flat solid disk of soft steel of 16,
or 18 inches diameter (somewhat like (ropyrEglit, 1818 by itt. %VOA 1,1.6 (•t•ATII.
O grindstone laid on its side), needy -
pawn. vntonk
es at the rete of 8,000 turns per rain- Lit,c,191 listlrt',ti'It10t 1;" ,,m1,0 to 1
ate. Upon this is placed a paste of mem Reece, ,t
diamond dust and heavy oil.
hail died Met l reeeited the ,1
The stone is sel in a little core of
fused spelter, or some such soft metal "rn" "1. gh.11")(1 1"veimegs 1111,1
to hold it absolutely fine, ween.t settled alt 19 lire 0111,
cooked this is gripped in a sort of 8" to II"Pe "'WOW 110" nn I'Ven14.
claw, upon the end of an adjustable it long time to come, The existence ef
arm, which is weighed clown upon herself end her father hnd lana en
this fast revolving disc. Mete one elect, sit,, was n mete ehild.
There was not 8 enuntry estate in the
Mstelet that voted mule Wedwood in
eefent and beauty, !nal then, for over
8 fleetlf18 1110 ltnyee.8 reeelved all
revere] such machines at the eine tit, „dynnit,g,,8 1,,xnq 111191 001.0.
time The former owner of the piece, leen
Wayne, died %ellen his only son end
heir, Oeeald, was e '0000 100 Prevleits
to that Alinas 'father, originally fl eel -
Mee professor, had broken down in
health and eolin Wayne, an eld eeliege
friend, had empleYed him to systema-
tize and care .for ids great eolleetion
• It may well be a matter of pride of antiques. When Mr. Wayne died
to us to know that with but one or there was a provision made in his will
two minor exceptions all the impor- that the old scientist wns to continue
tent jewels in the world are within his work and have a home at Wild -
the British Empire.
'
As a grinding or polishing procese
Is u very slow one, owing to the ex-
treme hardness of tho diamond, the
me operator is enabled to attend to
The "kohinoor."
The word "Kohinoor" metals
"moutain of light" This is undoeb-
tedly the best known of the great dia.-
mends of the world and its Mention
will recall to many their Agit to the
Tower of London, where it is shown
areerieet the crown jewels.
wood end its entire charge until hie
There is much mystery veiling the ven attained his majority, Of that
eon after that the }bytes only knew
Dint he was receiving a full education
Ahmed.
It wits .aftether father's death that
the family inn yeti of the Wayned vls- •
Ited Wildwood. •
"hfiss Royce," he Mid, "we under -
eland that Mr, flerehl Wayne is About
to return to this country end settle tip
the estate, Doubtless Wildwond will
pass Into other hands. It iney be kited'
time before that mey dome about, and
'until It does`, we weld(' like to have
you remain In charge here.
Picture to yourself a little circular %vas first cut weighed 180, carats, It Alma Mit that it wee only n quoi-
t "SAW" abut two inches in diameter, was re -cut to its great advantage to hen of time when she would have to
I without any teeth, made of a sort of 1106 cartate—tlehi losing 80 carats in go (41(1 Imo the wide world ebeerleently
bronze n� thicker than We ting nen- weight but gem ng immeasurably In
(miry history of the "Kohinoor, but
world, Needless to say, we will not it is supposed to have had a place it
vouch for the correctness of the the renowned Peacock Throne which
statement, although it is accepted, by once stood in that exquisite gem of
the natives in perfectly good faith. architecture the throne room in the
fiow,,They Are Cut. palace of Delhi in India.
Before the diamond is polished, it In later years it was owned by 1110
must be skillfully trimmed, and great 'Rajah of Lahore, passing into the
Mtnl and judgement are called for, hands of the teat India Company, by
the at the very best resultmay be whom it was presented to our late
obtained. majesty, Queen Victoria, in the year
Within recent years a very few 1830.
' diamond cutters have introduced a The great importance of the cut
Process of 'tawing" their diamonds
before polishing, incredible as this
may appeal',
ting of a diameind is brought home
forcibly to us when we bear In Mind
that whilst the "Kohlnoor," after it
when she notleee young.num, en en-
tire stranger, standing by the garden
roadway. Ms eyes were fixed upon
ber studiously And Interestedly, Ae ber
glance met his own be tivanced, re-
moving his hatwith a courteous bow.
Then a seeming 8ttera1011glit 88 10 in-
troducing himself appeared to occur.
to him Ile took several cards, se-
lecting one indiserimlnetely and near-
ing Alma tendered it to ,ber. She
read upon its face "Wylie Blair," and
tinder this the mune of the law Mini
estate,• wititilattended lo the businesshe.
of t
"You are Miss Rene, 1 tun sure,"
spoke tbe visitor. was rather
grave of manner, young and handsome
as. Ile was, ns though study or weart-
nese of the world Mut brought serious -
:tees rind surfeit, but a sigbt of the
Mir youug girl appeared to lighten his
natural mood. ."I have come to, leak
over Wildwood, preparatory t8' a Pagel -
hie disposal of 11 to the best advan-
tage."
A new brightness came loto 1113 face
es Alma in her pretty intelligent way
showed Min over the ground% But it
was when she led him inside the sump -
100118 11.01188 that liti became absorbed In
contemplation of its contents. Ills
being seemed to be in romplete har-
mony with the unique and beautiful,
nod Ile reveled over a Carrara marble
girl's heed by Plastid, a favorite horse
study of Rosa Bonlieur, Kiiiva rugs, a
Soumake of wide proportions, the an-
tique mahogany highboys, the Jaintn-
ese teak wood screen before the ara-
besque firepince, pearl reading glasses,
sneer trophy cups won by speedy
horses, and books,"beeke, bectits, grain
ered from the most exclusive store-
houses of the world,
For nearly n week each afternoon
this apparent agent end authorized
representative of Gerald Wayne ap-
peared at Wildwood. He made a pre-
tense of taking notee. bat It was &ear
from his intent asenetetion with Attila
that he most prized this innocent, gen-
tle woodland creature. He commend-
ed her careful system of keeping the
accounts of the estate. Ile was a rapt
liste..ner, ns in her wen -Informed way
she recited the value and history of
this and that priceless piece of bele-a-
brae. At Om& Alma was puzzled,
for while lie seemed pleased at the
Information she imparted, here aad
these sem* chance remerk showed
that he was no novice in art antique. -
•44+0+w tel+.4444+41014+4,teeeeee
•
it• The Saforth Creamery
smiimminneimmemoiraniumi4
1
ntc
Send your Cream to the Creame orouhly
established and that gives you Prompt Sery nd
Satisfactory Results.
We solicit your patronage knowing that we can
t give you thorough satisfaction.
We will gather your Cream, weigh, sample and test
it honestly, using the scale test to weigh Cream sam-
pies and pay you the highest market prices every two 1;
weeks. Cheques payable at par at Bank of Nova Scotia.
For further particulars seeour Agent, MR. T. C.
McCALL, Phone 2310, Brussels, or write to
The Seaforth Creamery Co.
SEAFORTH, ONT.
0.+0+4140+404410+04.4014.14.101+44*.ee•e.e*•-aees.m.o.•4e.-ee...A...-
• -
and going away tomorrow, Immo
Royce," he said at the end of tit week,
and on the morrow, as they were seat-
ed together on- a garden seat, he. looked
at her earnestly with the word)1: 'Ton
have made Wildwood a revelation, to
me, and 1 am stitisfleif tie owner
would be it render quite to emitter to
the winds ruthlessly the inhor et mug
years:""
"I am glad'," said Anne. in her. Prank,
Ingenuous way, and 1 Temp you wIll
tell Mr. Witytte that."' Then she sighed
and glanced sorrowfully all about her:
I shall miss all the 1uewlin:1 life I
'have pnssed here: It has 3)i.011 a true
home to Inc."
Be leaned eloser to her anti his eyes
were glowing strangely. "Wily should
you go, Mies Royce?" he questioned.
"If I were tie owner end should ask
yon to stay beeause.1 have learned to
love you, what wouldyou say?"
The fluttering blush upon her face
told him that her soul was responsive
to Ms own. His eyes grew glad, "I
ask you to stay,"' he tulded,, "foal am
Herald. Wayne.:"
it..tarot_ .."44.
•
•
Ilydre was turned on at Monkten
this week.
.11111111111111111116a
It Goes to The Home
Our paper goes to the home
and is read and welcomed there.
If you wish to reach the house.
wife, the real arbiter of domestic
destinies, youcan do so through
our paper and our Classified
Want Ade. form an interesting
and well-read portion 01 31.
onendui ow 'par
From Winter's Bite -To Summer's Glow
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44
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1444iik;;*.4;„
Manlia-I'llipitto tree hut near Guadalupe.
lips out of Now York harbor and the Statue of
S litilierty fades into the wintry Mists behind her,
It is the geed ship Montroyal of the Canadian Paeifie
tine on hor fleet trip of the sciestin to the West Indies
and It is midwinter with all the harshness of that
time of year apparent. Icy gusts anl cold snow
falling lute the water where Ice is floating, In every
way the prospect is uninviting and the paissengers aro
lielOw decks in the warmth of well-lIghted, gay salons
and, cablne, A little over twenty-four hours Of ealting
elapses, and what is change!' We are back in the good
old summer time.
Small latitude pass and roofs Oo clock' on either hand
that a gall bell throwit from the dock might waken the
&nether), of They guile. In the distarice there develop
like a smoke pail, an immense range of mountaine, and
it is emir's° over a ceder sett steeped in the glories of
color almoat beyond imaginetion, while the air le eo
rigour, 1
warm that the Refloat of stnninier clothing is do
The landfall grows, as it Were, and studs smiling
tig. (Biding smoothly niong, 6110 feels xninuto,
President's Palace and new Plaza nt11terana.
the insignificance of ft Sly on a floor, geeing at a httge
piece of a gilded brown color, so masked are the in-
dentations shadowleg the islend's precipitous sides--
alllett
glIaltownnectD°oints
Thm. the island is hidden with an Afri-
can shyness, among palm treee. Some fine buildings,
church and governMent, offset -the mile epee mile of
negroes' wooden habitations that persist until the foot-
hille of tbo laland'• watershed backbone; from below,
se solemn in, its eminence; from above, so IMPrite-
ticable in its creneliations, gullies and rifts. Tbrough
the craggy interior splash threading streanie ansI
frothy torrentover rocky shelves often garlanded with
greenery and rare frond,
To the- north-west where the mountain turbulenee
subsides, the serried ranks of the anger -cane are Mar-
shalled es far as the eye can see, and banana trees
grow in the rich red loam. Clinger roots, the sprout-
ing pineapple, and tobacco are cultivated; but the gen-
ial heat of the sun aiding and abetting 'flatten indol-
ence, breeds theft and petty lare,eny. So sugar to tide
Island's sto.DIe Industry. Permission to View It I10g00-
mill can be obtained. Nor should the exporienCe be
missed. The bundles of sugar cane, leaded With sap,
are run tip an endlests sliding hand, to be ()rushed in a
mangle, the stems coming out In dry shreds, the rich
Allees flowing away tct the circulators, large drum
ecu-
talntirs and copper kettles that boll it. Then vanes,
revolving internally, whisk the Juice at high velocity
thus crystallizing it to the consistency seen in bowie
et the breakfast table. A by-product of the prooe$0,
once thrown away, now 118 important as its parent In-
dustry, is the Intl -known West Indlee rum.
Down geese), slopes by the northern ahem where a
sea of crystal blue elentsseea strip of shining sand,
btttheieswim for hours, ewilling to leave the Dtieeeettt
warmth of the water for the slightly cooler tniteide
Leaving New York On January 28 Por the We*
Indies the Canadian Pacific Liner IVIOntroyal make
fifteen Ports of call before returning thirty day' i lator.
at,trhitrtniit:deffrgeiontint:Itinrlyngitariernivioitirceerbsoares307totpashdoonvirrolprsTatcxowctuhyriaotWornakesutaolrontodulite4:
ranged tor porta whiere tntoresting mote tor