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The Brussels Post, 1924-9-24, Page 73�. 4 t• q� � rponey you spent, but to discover what The Business p ofHousekeeping you got for what you spent, Keep leY CLARA INGRAM JUDSON. Often we speak of home melting as, budget always seem to have a reserve eomothing of a' job, but we seldom for just such emergencies. use the word in the sense that home Suppose YOU were going to build a `house this summer. You being o os- anomie im f g pP making is a position of A ed to planning bud e parlance --a real business, P g- g ting --would Yet home making is actually the call a contractor and say, "I'm going biggest i g s business in the world mid it to build a house and I want you to is for homes that all other economic make the living room big enough to, enterprises are conducted. To be sure' be roOnY and comfortable. Make the, the home is not a business run to' fireplace large enough for those flue! Make wormy, It is run to make happy logs in the back waodlet and be sure and efficient people, to have the pantry windew face south' To a large extent the housewife is to catch the sunshine.” the manager of the home business, He would look a little dazed at such You know we live in a day of special- rambling instructions and he'd reply,' ization and we attain great skill by "But where are your blue prints? 1 assigning to each person a definite job You, being opposed to plans, would and then demanding of filar hisvera answer, "Oh, we're net having any, work. plans for this house. You just begin Flo it has come about that man have and from time to time as I think of the principal responsibility for pro- things, Pll tell you and you can put viding the income and women the task them in, of administrating the home. The two You couldn't let a contract like jobs,divided in that way, make a fine that! orkin partnership, We don't do that planless way even g P , Y unimportant' in such . a relativel unim Now this job of manager of the P home concern has many disadvan- thing as malting: a dress. to es as well as advantages and it's Yet m this very important business g n not surprising that• the dof spending mono tisadvantages p money -the business we may 'sometimes seem pretty big, well' know is going to affect our hap- piness a For one thing, there is no direct re- very and development-.wea ? 1 lotion between the home manager's Oh, what s the use of panning • the truth, we're all a litho that way.' cut, face . smooth and free from' station. increased efficiency and an increase But once we have tried planned spend- It isn't that we spehd foolishly or `yiinkles, with bright prominent eyes, rtgsr stzocs too SMALL, in zer a -indeod some home man- ing, we would no mato live without a wickedly.' Rather it is that we want skin soft, liable sad of lino texture) Some farmers have shops which 1 P Y budget than without food, It becomes agars have hard work finding a sal- g something to spend just as we like and a general appearance of health' P , a with noquestions asked or details DP while they lack several of the essen nry, to say nothing of an increase. necessity. ' and vi or, i dais of a real farm shop, serve a very Another big disadvantage is the START WITH TilO THREE ESSENTIALS. I published. Cull all' birds that show a lack of lack of competition in the job. Don't In making a budget, figure first the' After all, I ask you, is it much fun vigor, a sluggish lazydisposition, a useful purpose. For example, I re- Another know how it is -the very minute absolute essentials pf living;there; to save uppenny by pennyand dime g ' ggirecently visited a farmer friend. One So coarse rough head with overhanging, of my auto tires caused trouble while somebody wants something you have, are three -shelter, food and clothing. by dime for a family treat and then eyebrows, an Inclination to break there. My tire tools were too blunt you value your possession the mare? We are interested not only in hav-i have the family open the account book down behind, or that show heavy de. to"suit my hest. He said; "Just let The mere matter of a spring hat is ing a roof over our heads; we want and say', Oh,. that cost $2.49 the posits of internal fat, as evidenced by me fix those tools for you." His shop quiokey decided if the next customer that place warm and light and com-; other night, didn't .iti" We like to •a thick skin and an abdomen that is was only a few etopsaway. Kindling begins eyeing a hat you had hardly fortable. So under the general head keep a little something to ourselves hard ate firm to the touch. In con- was ready to start a fire in the forge. noticed --you want the thing the other No (IUESTIOI•IS ASKED. 1 tract to this the heavy layer will have In just a few minutes the tire tools very simple accounts under the same heading's used in your budgeter Have a line across for each day and set down figures only, un:ess for some reason you feel you would like a no- tation of additional information,, It takes very little time.. Some days you will spend nothing; some days you will have so many items you may decide to. set them down an a scratch pad first so as to make sure you rem- ember. everything before you start putting them in your book, At the end of the month, add up all the columns and put the totals on your yearly page at the back of the book. If you are slow at figures as I am, it may take you en hour, but when you see the resuiks, you will think it an hour well spent. You can see your mistakes -of course we all make them, but once we see them down in black and white, we don't make the same mistake twice, Indeed, no! Now there is one. objection' to all this budget -making business and it's n real objection, not a little trumped-up one like having no time for accounts,' And because I know how to get around it, I'm going to drag it right out on the page and tell you about it, There are aka who don't like to set down every nickel spent. To tell Eliminate tie Nen-Producer, Probably the greatest hindrance to the proflta e eep ng o p y the ordinary farm le the retention of a lot of fowl that are poor layers, due either to their being too old or of a „,III FARM WORICSIIOP PAYS. type to produce meat rather than, There is izo part of the farm equip - The production of eggs is the end ment which has e greater share in of the poultry business in which the the convenience, satisfaction, prosper - most profit ego be made, so that a ity and net income of the farm than heavy egg producing type is the type a well -ordered shop, that is best suited to ordinary farm By "shop" I da vat mean an alley. conditions, j way to the pig pons or earn crib, or Generally speaking, the pullet year an old shed In which are thrown. all is the most profitable period of a hen's the odds -and ends of the farm, Nor life. It is advisable, therefore, either does the term'suit Inc when applied to mark the ,cliickswhen hatched, us- to a room some 10x12 feet,' more or ing a different mark for each year, or; less, which has a few tools hung on to band the pullets when they are put, the walls, a bench or table an one side into winter quarters, so that at cull- which is se loaded with nondescript ing time the age of the different birds left -overs, dirt,.etc., that one indis- may be seen at a glance and only tinetively shies away from it; while those that are required for breeding the floor is filled, except for a path purposes retained after the • first extending from the door to some - year's production. I where in the. room, by barrels, kegs, For the careful breeder the use of boxes and discarded pieces of wood the trap -nest is the logical means to .and metal, Can you picture the place? cull the flock but the ordinary farmer Of course, there is no such shop on does not use trap.nests so that relz- your farm but You can visualize one anee must be placed on physical char -i an —'s farm over across the river! acteristies. The high producer will be, Such a shop will serve as a catch - found to' be of an -active disposition,1 all -a place where - search may be early off the roost in the morning and made for some bur, bolt, odd scrap or late to go to roost at night and al-; Piece of repair material, but it falls ways busy. Her head will be clears far short of a reel farm "service fficient Parnin ing we include fuel, light, telephone, household supplies, repairs, taxes and all the many expenses that are nee- But ew i woman hankers for. But where is the 5o at our house we have personal skin that is,fine in texture and the had competition for dishwashing and allowances paid monthly to each mem pl' bl Th' cooking? It does not seem to exist! THE LUCKIEST WOMAN Oe' ALL. But when we consider the advan- tages we could list a dozen had we the space! The freedom- -""Now don't talk to me ;about frees e -m," exclaimed one woman, as she vigorously interrupted talk on my pet hobby one day. "How can you sug- gest such a thing when we are. so' tied down every day?" I wonder if we are any different from other folks and their jobs? Isn't every man or woman tied down to doing the same thing day after day Whether it be in office or factory or kitchen or farm? And as for freedom, do you know of anyone who -may be so free while doing her daily tasks as the woman who lives on a farm? She is free to plan her work as she pleases, tucking in a'bit of recreation here and there if she is a skillful planner; she is free to enjoy fresh air and a view as she works; she is free to sing and to think as she works, and to pack infinite variety into her day's work -cooking, house- keeping, gardening and poultry tend- ing are mixed in with sewing and marketing. As we study our job we find that we have only two things to work -with- the fancily income and our time. And family the success and happiness of life will 'amend upon our skill in get- tingtal. this dualcapital. value out of fullP It is a bit easier to organize the in- come because it something we can see and handle, so we will talk about it first. The first step in organizing the money part of home making is to find the amount of income. Sometimes this appeara so difficult that many well- meaning people stop right there and never get any farther in home organ- ization. The farmer has has good and' bad seasons. Fortunately the law of averages helps over this difficulty. We may not know what we have this year, but we can find out what we made last year and the year before that, Go back five years if you can -never take less than three -and add to- gether all five incomes. Then find the average. In case of doubt, esti- mate too `low rather than too high; it always easier to spend more than to cut down carefully made plans. And be sure to remember all the various side lines of business and count in all the butter money, the chickens, garden truelc and the like. Count in ell sources of income -it pays to ]mow. The probable income determined, you can now consider the spending, A plan for spending money is called a budget. Some people think a budget is a list of percentages, and as they disiike arithmetic they lot budgets alone. Others think it is a household' ace • count, which of course it isn't, Some phut their spending in their heads and are quite unaware that they ase fol- lowing a budget. Of course a mental budget is better than none; but a written down budget is best, for when figures .are actually on paper they era be carefully studied and con- sidered. Sometimes people say, "What's the use of making a budget? No sooner do we get started then Susie gets the measles and there's a doctor's bill. Or ,Johnnie wears out his shoes. 1'11 spend my money when I have it, and when it's gone, we'll do; without. - that's all there is to it!" Of course the .budget didn't cause the measles and Johnnie would have worn out his shoos, anyway -boys always do! So that's no case against' u budget, And one cannot help but notice that families who "operate on 0 essary to make a house a home. And- -I abdomen will be soft and is e. is desired thinness just as well as any her of the family. Each person re- last feature is ane on which great blacksmith could have done it. instead of calling it shelter we call all ceivin an allowance keeps his or her weight should be placed, but in culling But to speak of his shop. It is a1 that operating expense, for it allots g P money needed too erste the home. ' own private account and then reports reliance should be placed on a corn- one -storey building. about like a single! P to the family bookkeeper at the end bination of features rather than on garage, fairly well equipped with 1 Under the heading of food we•in- of the month giving the totals only any one feature. bench, vise, grinder and forge, is in 1 elude all money• needed to feed the of moneys speht. These are set down', household. Doubtless some food, per. I under the proper columns and no How to Start Bee -Keeping. the home garden and will not be paid q S. A. Strong, mon, wishes •to "But my husband would never keepknow how he should start bee -keeping. AREAL WORKSHOP. for in cash. It is a wise thing to keep an account," said a woman at a meet-, � a'fairlyaccurate record of such home In two years ago, "so I couldn't do By writing to the Publications Now let me tell you what are the grown food; also an estimate of its' » Branch, Dept. of Agriculture, Ottawa, essentials of a real, honest -to -goodness, that. he can secure several publications re- maidmum profit-making farm work market value. This record will show "Oh; yes you could," I assuredher.� how the garden pays and will give en- Earring thereunto, but Bulletin No. shop. couragement to the gardener. "Keep an account of all you know, 33, "Bees and.How to Keep Thea!," 1. -It should be a separate building. about and simply charge the rest to, by C. B. Gooderham, Dominion Apiar- -a distinct unit of the group of farm; In allowing the clothing money, him. Don't bother him about it. Put: . • fl re n se orate sum for each mem •ist will give him all the instant in- buildings. It should be placed where haps considerable, will be taken from, uestions are asked:• orderly condition, but isetoo small to be of the greatest service. It has only a small door entrance. P down all the main expenses as You formation required. No charge is it will be most convenient to barns, her of the'family, and, as soon as know thein. That will give you much possible, let the children manage more knowledge about your home made either for the bulletin or post -tool sheds, house, and where it will their own clothing fund. A separate business than you now have, and with' age. Incidentally it might be stated prthe least fire hazard. clothing account helps to encourage that startyou will find the way of do that Mr, oder am gives the follow- 2. -It should be somewhat larger more careful persons and to train the in better." ing equipment as necessary for mak- than a double garage, with plenty of more careless members of the family. g I h d she ing a start with two colonies of bees: space, say twelve feet, in front of y g rushed up teems inti open arms. hives; two hives com .ete with of this space should be devoted to a double budget for clothing, one for "It works," she cried happily, it frames; floor boards andcoversfor work bench, stove, forge, drill press, the least you can possibly manage to works just fine and We're getting increase; for these two hives 2'/e and power plant, whether it be motor•, get along on and one for a more gen- along wonderfully." pounds of light or medium brood farm electric or gee engine. erous Income. Then if this year I knew she meant a budget, for of d'oesn't prove to be very good, you course a budget works when it's given foundation; one No. !.bee smoker; one overhead should be a lthe tools can manage to get along on the lower half a chance. bee veil; one pound No. 28 tinned overhead and placed so that the tools income; but if It is 'a good year, you _-,- wire; One spur or electric. wire em- may occupy as little space as possible, beddor• one hive tool. yet still be convenient for work. - It is a ver ood idea to have a This spring saw her again an • Two colonies of bees in modern where the cars would stand. The most have already decided on a fair di- vision so that all may enjoy the great - To Feed Soft Corn Safely. For 'extracted honey production- 4. -There should be a few feet er prosperity. These three necessities planned for, we must make provision for food, shelter and clothing in the future. chances for sick ,pigs, escape boards fitted with bee escapes; should be as nearly wind -proof as os - That means 'e must ust set aside some P pos- That pasture or sound take a pigoff s To p onehoney extractor with 1., inch b o Bible. Y It would be Ysuperior if money for investment. In. actual,verythe practice, this investment money should grain and throw him into a soft corn 18 -inch baskets; uncapping knives. walls were of hollow building tile. be planned for first of all, because we field or throw soft corn to him is to For comb honey production: Eight Regardless of what the materials are much more likely to save if we invite disaster. He should be accus- comb honey supers; about 300 sec- used are, the point to be attained is save first. tomed to this new and, to his way of tions; four pounds thin foundation; to have a shop which may be made Those four departments of living, thinking, most likeable feed slowly. two wire queen excluders; two bee comfortable for work in winter time. important as they are, do not include Better give him a two-thirds ration escape boards fitted with bee escapes. 7. -There should be an abundance all of life, of oats ,or barley with one-third soft Manufacturer's catalogues giving of windows so that Light may be. We want to be wiser, batter people corn fax a few days, gradually in- prices can be obtained free on appli- plentiful on all sides of any piece of e creasing the corn and decreasing e'er every year of living, the our money must be spent fax advanceof- So somlighter grains. And at all times keep ment. That means we must allow a mixture of salt, soda and lime be - money leer doctor and dentist and va- fore him. A little care along these cation -that's for physical advance- lines will save many a 'pig. And how meat; for books and music, magazines they do grow and fatten on soft corn, and radio, higher education for the tankage and alfalfa! children and farm and home clubs for the ,grown -ups -that's mental ad- vancement; money for church and charity -that's our material expres- sion of spiritual growth, - While the children are little it is an excellent plan to start an educa- tional fund, building up toward the days when they will be ,ready for col- lege. A reserve fund is a big help and even a small annual suving will count up delightfully. Sick pigs and soft corn are twin Six deep or twelve shallow supers more width to the building than is troubles for a lot of farmers. They fitted with frames; seven and one- required for a double garage. cannot avoid having soft corn, but a half pounds of light brood foundation; 5. -The floor should be of concrete. few precautions will lessen the two wire queen excluders; two bee 6. -The walls, roof, doors, etc. MONEY POR PUN. But even all that is not the whole of living, for all work and no play snake Jack and. Jill very dull neigh• bore; we. evantrzi to lay aside some money ,each year for fun. Budget makers usually ea11 that luxury money and they don't mean sealskin coats and diamonds ,either. They mean movies and trips and, social pleasureseand any sort of fun one wishes. But remember this, full money must be as well spent as tiny' other; it must' give us relaxation, pleasure, and a zest for goingtrack to work. Otherwise it's wasted. At our house we make a budget on Nety Year's Day with every member of the family gathered around the dining-roni table ready to offer an opinion or suggestion. But if you have never made a budget, don't wait gill noxa New Year -to -day is budget clay for you. And be sure to -let every member of the family sit he en the conference, By this time someone has doubtless started to say, "All that sounds easy. But after the budget 'is-mad`amwhat happens then? How can you tell that the budget is followed?" That's easy too, You keep n system- atic account -not to tell how much cation. Itis not so much the work we do, as that we bring to something all our best. Strawberries and raspberries can - Haphazard spraying usually is of not grow in a patch which is allowed little or no benefit. to becomd a mass of plants. TRAINING OU R CHILDREN The Difficult Parent By Helen Gregg Green We read and hear of the difficult Jimmy's mother hurried the trem- husband, the difficult wife, and chil- tiling child off to tiled, while I, troubled dz•en that are difficult, but who ever by the incident, started home. heard of a difficult parent being die- My first room -mate at college, who cussed. Still there are plenty of theirs. now has two small daughters, one A child is a human being, even as seven, one nine, is another example you and I, although eve sometimes of such a parent. She is high-strung impose upon children simply because and fussy, allowing and encouraging we can, trifles to worry and irritate her. Her children pay the price for these I was invited to dine with a young attorney and 'his wife not long ago. moods. ,Jim phoned, asking us not to wait Naturally they, too, are developing dinner for him; he had been in court a first-class set of "neryes," all day ,and would be late. One day I met them skipping home As WO finished dinner, he sauntered {tom school. "Oh,gee,Aunt in, looking tired and 'glum, He threwCassie,hu- his hat on the davenport, giving his we do hope Mother is in a good ie' wife and six-year-old son a perfunc- mor. She's such a door when silo's happy," announced the older child, tory kiss. "Yes," hesitatingly, "but I tell you, Ea ate hurriedly; then joined us. she's awful unreasonable, whoa As he entered the room, his eyes she's cross," offered little Midge. turned towards Isis son, playing en the "Azid, do you know, she' gets cross at davenport. Suddenly he blustered, us • over the funniest things re The little brows puckered. "James, Jr„ you're sitting on my hat!" In a moment he completely lost his self-control, his temper flared, and Jimmy, Jr., received a severe sodding: The child turned white, and tears Started dov'n his little eheeke. "Daddy, Iso sorry. 1—" "There, none of your tears and ox- cuses, young man, You're a fine specimen of carelessness!" Again the unjust anger of the father was heap- ed upon his child, all becalm he'd lost Itis case in court that day. Strange, isn't it, that parents fail to realize' the danger of alienating their children's affections when indulging in these difficult and unreasonable moods? Haw we all love the person who understands our feelings and .dislike the one with whom we must always be guarded! In time- he breomee a bore. And, after all, children are a lot like ns. I think they must feel the same way, don't you? work that is being handled. 8. -It would be entirely possible to place the feed grinder in one side of the shop if the farm does not use the shop as a garage. 9. -Drawers, shelves, hooks, etc., should be planned and placed so as to keep all tools, bolts, nails, screws, ma- terials, etc., etc., in convenient places. Drawers, boxes, etc., for special uses should be labeled. This will aid great- ly in keeping things in their places. 1 10. -It is not necessary to furnish: plans and specifications for such, al building. The size and shape may bel varied somewhat, It may be built of the finest materials and have the drawers, etc., made by a cabinets maker. Or, it may be made of rough! lumber by a hammer and saw car- pencer, ti rough lumber shop may be made very serviceable and also very attractive by covering with a heavy, three-ply slated roofing zna- terial, strips running up and down on sidewalls and stripped at laps and midway between laps. This makes a good fire -resisting wall, too. REASONS FOR LARGE SHOP. Why do I urge a large shop? There are, many reasons for it. 1. -Perhaps the foremost reason for it is that it gives roost to work in shelter and protects from the winter's blasts or summer's rains, A big stove may be put in and the shop made per- fectly comfortable for many days of winter work. 2. -It enables a farmer to do many of his most expensive jobs. It costs money to hire a garage mail to over- haul a tractor or automobile. Most jobs of fitting up farm tools having broken parts are neglected because of the heavy cost of taking the machine to town far work. 3, -Opportunity is given to make use of pewee in running tools, Faint- ers who have hooked the grindstone, drill press, and other tools up to motor or engine power are the ones who really appreciate the advantages of using engine grease rather than elbow grease. Such power tools :ae can be put into a good shop are great labor. savers. They add much to the effi- ciency of the farm. The number and quality of such labor-saving equip- ment are limited only by the resource- fulness of the farmer. 4. -Opportunity is given to capital- ize idle winter days and rainy days for all kinde of repair work and the construction of many new things which may be used to great advan- tage on the farm. If you. take' your ear to town to be overhauled -and nearly every auto should be overhauled each winter - you will pay $1.00 to $L60 per hour for the time of the mechanic to do the job. Why not make money by doing the work yourself in your own shop? 6. -With' large doors any farm ma- chine can be taken into the shop for work. A hay or other rack; stoek crates or large pieces of farm equip-' merit may be made by the fire in win- ter, Painting or other jobs may be done. Horses may be taken into the shop to.have their feet trimmed or shod. Most industrious farmers can make such a shop pay for itself in one year. MAY REARRANGE emernNO. On many farms there is already a building or shed -maybe an old house or one end of a tool'shed-which can easily be remodeled into a good shop., Just a small amount spent in build -1 ing or remodeling a shop in which; the "mechanics" of the farm can be'' centred, may be made the means of! saving the farm -or adding to the net income -over $500 per year. If you have a big boy with a me- chanical turn of mind give him the, lob, with your frienoiy suggestions' and supervision, of planning and put- ting the shop on the farm. Then pay, him good wages for overhauling all; machines which need overhauling,, You will soon discover that the boy is more interested in the farm! O Crops in Eastern Canada. In a report dated August 21 on the state of crops in Eastern Canada, the; Dominion Seed Branch at Ottawa! notes that, generally speaking, the; situation in the Maritime Provinces; is fair, although in some districts,' principally in New Brunswick, drought has been experienced with' light crops as a result. An average! crop of hay is promised in all three; provinces. In Quebec, forage crops' are good excepting corn, and hay is'. up to the average. Dairymen arej stocking with a supply of feed for some months, in anticipation of high- er prices for feed concentrates. In1 some districts of Ontario haying has suffered from an excess of rain. In portions of south-western Ontario al phenomenal crop of fall wheat is re- ported, running from 30 to 40 bushels per acre. Prices per bushels are around 30 cents higher than last year. Prices of other' farm products have also advanced. LITTLE BROWN BUNNIES. "Oh, little brown bunnies, come out and play!" Cried a child at the close of a sum- mer day, As she wandered over a moorland wide, Where under the bracken the rab- bits hide; "I've left my terrier -'Spot' -at hone, So along with me you can safely roam! I've brought you a cabbage, all fresh and green - A finer one I have never seen!" "I've got fresh clover and lettuce too, I think they will be so nice for you- I know that bunnies don't care to eat The sweets and cakes that I think a treat!" Then the merry brown bunnies came out to play When the twilight shadows were gathering gray, And they ventured close to the maid- en's side, And cabbage, and clover, and lettuce they tried. They frolicked about in the falling dew, And the little girl watched .the funny crew, But footsteps were heard, as they leaped and played, And the pretty bunnies were much afraid. With a flash of tails, soft, fluffy, and white, In an instant they all had taken flight! And the child just whispered, "Good- bye I Good-bye Y" As she went towards her home, 'neath • the sunset sky. -Maud E. Sargent. Jade Frost, nature's sheriff, will soon put his crisp seal an the door of Mother Earth, for she is not earning so much heat these days and has very little to spend during the longer, cooler nights, Perhaps, indeed, there will be a couple of rainy days when Mother Earth will earn no heat at all; then if it clears off in the night Jack will catch her surely, NEIGiHBORHOOD FRICTION Few farm neighborhoods are entire= ly free from friction. It cornea from various causes. Sometimes it le a line fence that causes the trouble. Again, it is district sehool affairs, or drainage problems, or misunderstand- Ings about who is to thresh first, or just plain incompatibility. Very close to one hundred per cent, of these differences are petty, The grounds upon which they are based are childish. Reduced to their simp- lest terms, any advantage gained is invariably outweighed by the bitter- nese that accompanies it. Selfishness is a trait of human nature, Gener- osity is a counter -trait to it. It is a very easy thing to And fault. It Is just as easy, and mueh more enjoy- able, to see and talk of the goad things about others, The people we like best aro those we know best, Friendliness and understanding will overcome friction; they often ,mark the dividing line between selfishness and generosity. These thoughts are brought about by an ice cream party that has mark- ed the wind-up of operations of the threshing ring in one of our good neighborhoods. This particular neigh- borhood has not been without its rather serious as well as petty differ- ences, but at the close of a successful threshing season they all got together and spent a very pleasant evening in friendly confab and neighborly so- ciability. The effect on this particular neighborhood is at once noticeable and is like oil poured upon troubled waters. THE SCRUB HEN STILL EXISTS. In spite of much agitation and education on the subject of pure-bred fowls the scrub chickens continue to give worry to the progressive farm- ers. Of course, a man may keep hens producing thirty to fifty eggs yearly if he wishes, but the old Bible trl:th, "No man liveth to himself," surely is true on the farm where neighborly traditions are stiong and where peo- ple will bear a good deal before going to law for their rights. I well remem- ber years back when several neighbors would, trade eggs for hatching with my mother, bringing their little, ill - shaped product in exchange for her fine large eggs. It was good luck to trade, they said blandly, and she was too neighborly to remind them that she had to sell their eggs at a loss or eat them because her own were selling at an extra price for hatching in a large hatchery. Now many people did say at that time, and would to -day, that it was her own fault if she al- lowed herself to be imposed upon, but such people have never lived in a country community where work must he exchanged and people depend upon each other in emergencies. And another thing is the trouble the ranging chickens make. You can hardly fence against the wiry, tiny scrub hens and roosters. I saw a hen displayed for sale the other day that in her best estate could not have 'weighed more than two.pounds. Wiry, scrawny, tough, and with not a bit of yellow fat anywhere visible, she had been contributed to a Grange ex- change. Such a hen can, and does, creep through a knot hole. One of our corn fields used to be over -run with dozens of these wiry fowls always eating and never getting enough, and the owner said truly that no fence could turn then!, but still he clung to the belief that it was expensive busi- ness to start with pure-breds. If you are buying a new farm it is well to see if your nearest neighbor keeps scrubs. But the most serious trouble about the scrub hen Is that it discourages the women and girls on the farm and makes them wish to move to town. While the neighbors are going with overflowing baskets and full crates, and getting top prices, or are shipping direct to the city, the owners of the scrubs are humiliated with low pro- duction and the poorest market. There is small incentive to a boy or girl to take an interest in chickens when all kinds and sizes and colors are Ili the farm yard. It doesn't cost much to get rid of the scrub roosters, get some pure-bred eggs and put the scrub hens to work to raise little chicks if you cannot afford an incu- bator or brooder. One season with really good fowls will convince the most skeptical that the scrub is hardly fit to be eaten, much less to be a com- mercial asset on the modern farm. The eggs and poultry market must not be despised by the farmer who wishes to succeed, and there should be no place left for the scrub fowl in any community. -Hilda Rechmond. i /.•sl fit' You Beti She ---"Do you believe -a trip to the seashore really will do you good?' lie -"Sure! 11 you stay at one of those hotels you'll be done good, all right." -.-.4 The Origin of Caste. The word "taste" is of Pm-fugueeo origin, signifying purity of blood.