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The Brussels Post, 1918-12-12, Page 2arra i C S e Y alb ori. Y •. M�T,r la. t. %� .• t `` •t.... f• au v.a>.. �+ l t .fir,'! arvf Si ,..:�•R,T'_""...�'.uMacWti^�.iBLsd-f�A;-x+f,'t%'tilLa: 1.11 a Conducted by Professor Henry G. Hell The object of this department is to place at the ser- vice of our farm readers the advice of an acknowledged authority cert ell subjects pertaining to soils and crops: Address all qustr,•tions to Professor Henry G. Bell, in care of The Wilson Publishing Company, Limited, Toronto, and answers will appear in this column in the order in which they are received. When ,writing kindly ,mention this paper. As space is limited it is advisable where im• mediate reply is necessary that a stamped and addressed envelope be enclosed with the question, when the answer will be ;nailed direct. Any reader seceding the following iufnrmatioe concerning his farm will receive the benefit of Prof. Bell's expert advice and wide experience. Enclose stamped and addreused envelope for reply. 1. What is the general type of soil on your farm? Describe this as fury as convenient, if pas:eihle telling something of the type of subsoil as well as surface soil. 2. What have been your average yields of general farm crops, and what is the quality of the product? If for any reason the yield or quality is inferior, descrihe the fault as fully as convenient. 3. Are your fields gutturally well -drained? If tile drained give an idea as to the extent. If not drained, is there gond nutural outlet for the drainage waters on your farm? 4. Have you used lime? If so, what kind, how much. and with what effect? 12 not, do you think any of your soil is sour? raTeke+ C. 'F.:—One of my fields produces very poor yield of grain although the straw is rank and often lodges. What would you suggeari as a remedy? Ansever:--Yon hove net stated any- thing about types of soil, in your field nor have you given any informa- tion as to its cropping so titer it is impossible for me to do more than guess at the reasons for the condi- tions you report. From the fact that your soil produce;, a very rank straw growth and poor grain, 1 would con- clude there is an abundant supply tf nitrogen, but that phosphoric acid is very deficient. It is nitrogen that causes the straw to grow and phos- phoric acid that causes forming and ripening of grain. The fact that the straw is weak also would suggest a defieieney in potash. A st.ggestivo remedy would be to apply the follow- ing analysis of fertilizer at the rate of 200 to 400 pounds per acre. Use a mixture analyzing about 10ee phosphoric acid and 1 to 2"'r potash. This if applied thoroughly should go a long way to correcting the defici- ency. M. S_:-1. Are Swede turnips good food for milch cows? 2. When is the best time to plant evergreen trees, maple and basswood? Will you please give instructions as to plant- ing? Answer: -1. Swede turnips are valuable as a food for live stock, es- pecially in sections where Indian corn cannot be ripened. Where sil- age can be successfully grown, how- ever, it is a cheaper source of food. In the colder sections of Canada where the season is too short to ma- ture corn, roots form a valuable part of. the stock ration, Practical feed- ers mix from 20 to 40 lbs. of roots in a day's ration for a 1000 pound ani- mal. If fed to dairy cattle there is turnips dancer o mg ftaintthe milk hence care should be taken to feed these roots in limited quantities only, and that immediately after milking. 2. The Provincial Forester in his bul- letin 209, advises planting trees at a time when it will least interfere with their growth. This time is usually ;between autumn and early spring. From April to the end of May is pro- bably the best time. However, ever- greens may also be set between the middle of August and middle of September. This advice of course applies to small trees. The time of transplanting larger Lrees must be modified in accordance with the na- ture of the location and the soil. Where the soil is fairly loose it is well to drive the spade in the more compact soil to about the depth of the metal part of the spade. Make a wedge-shaped hole, place the plant in this hole and see that the soil around the lower roots of the plant is firmly compact, Some water should he applied at the bottom of the hole and when the tree is set a thor- ough application of water should be rade on top, so that the, small Parti- ries of soil settle around the tiny roots. Press the soil doyen around 11 plant firmly by stepping on it. A, T.: -I have a piece of land which was in rye, and this fall I put in wheat with 100 pounds of phos- phate to the acre, and I would lilte to know if I could spread some stable manure as a light top -dressing when the ground will freeze, as it shows trice stand of wheat, and in the sp"ing I want to spread about 150 pounds of complete fertilizer. Do yon think this would be good? Answer: You would do well to ap- ply manure to the fall wheat. This may be applied before the ground freezes or immediately after it is frozen sufficiently firm to suethin a team. Expo:intents .chow you will get better results from spreading the nianitre comparatively thin over a large area than from manuring a limited area very heavily. If the manure contains a considerable amount of straw it will materially aid in the protection of the young wheat plant. The acid phosphate which you added when the wheat was planted will br."„anre the plantfood of the manure so the result will be a well balanced plantfood for wheat. However, you will de well to top= dross your field with the fertiazen in the spring, since the added plant - food at this time will give the young crop a. vigorous start. .1I, I3,: ---As I htwe a silo 10 x 44 feet. will yeti please tell me how many tons it will hold, and what the avor- age ensilage is worth per ton at pre- sent prices of clover hay? Answer:—Your silo will hold be- tween 70 and ti0 tons of ordinary silage. It is inn-welble to make comparisons such as you ask for, but I anticipate that what you want is the relative profitableness of at- tempting to feed your cattle on silage vs. clover hay. Professor Oscar Erf, Ohio State ltniversiey in n re- ' cent bulletin has the following to say }about such a comparison "To keep a cow lit good condition, it would ,require twenty pounds of hay per • day for approximately 250 days, or !two and one-half tons which is worth about $12 per tun upon the farm. Five or six pounds of clover hay is fed in connection with the timothy and the grain ration, A I cow eats from 2a to 40 pounds of 1 silage per day, when fet in ecmnee•tion • with clover hay and the grain ration. It would be fair to compare the cost of this silage with timothy hay. "To carry the comparison further I is necessary to find the cost of growing an acre of corn silage, as the value of corn silage can only he estimated in that way. The average cost of producing an acre of corn •ranges from $10 to $14, and well I fertilized corn seldom yields less 1than fourteen tons per acre. It would cost about $14 to grow, plus cost of putting fn silo, $8.40 plus the interest en investment into the silo, ' $4.20, from loss and deterioration $ .70, making a total of $27.30 as the actual cost of producing an acre 1 g P i of corn and putting it in the silo, or I a cost of approximately $1,95 per i ton. This 28,000 pounds of silage would supply one caw with 35 pounds per day for 800 days. A cow consuming 35 to 40 pounds of silage a day, would he fed approximately 700 to 800 days from 14 torts of corn silage e or in other words two cows ca bfed for a from an acre e d year a ce of corn which is preserved in the silo. A condensed statement of this would be as follows: Hay 3 acres of pasture value $80 per acre, interest 6e ..$ 14.40 21e tons 01 hay at $1.2 30.00 Cost per sow Silage Cost of raising 1 acre 'silage corn $ 14.00 Putting into silo 8.40 Irterest on investment 4.20 Silo deterioration .70 $ 27.80 Cost per cow $ 13.05 • Il, 1'.i—I have a held that is well cultivated, manured and clean. It was in sod last year. Another field was in beans, a third field has been in sod and not plowed for four years. wish bn" ofthese feel a in Iv uh tl putoe hc.e Ldl spring wheat. Which would you ad- vise for this, purpose? ;'nswer:--I2 the field that wee hi beans was well tuanured and especial-; ly if the beans were feetilized, I would ativise you to use title land for spring wheat, if the sod in the nret field is pretty well rotted it world also snake good wheat ):round. I do not favor putting spring wheat on flesh plowed sod land. There es; a tendency for the crop to suffer' consi'lerably from a lack of uniform water supply, In view ' ' the fact that wheat in all probability will maintain 0 good price, it will pay you to even add to the plantfood of the soil by fertilizing the crops to make euro of a profitable Field nest year. INTERNATIONAL LESSON DECEMBER 15 Lesemn Si, .Joseph and Ills Brothers —Gen. 45. 1.15. Golden Text, Matt. 6. 14. Veeee 1, Then Joseph could not refrain- himself—Strong emotions are characteristic of Orientals. Joseph is an example of unusual self-control. It is the quality which adds greatly to the high distinction Of his char- acter. The thing that finally caused him to give way to over -mastering !emotion was the pathetic appeal of his brother Judah (Gen. 44. 27-34). ;His plea for Benjamin's restoration and the picture drawn of the vener-- •able patriarch's grief was too power - I ful to be resisted, Joeeph ha put his brothers through a very severe I test; the memories of the ;,)a"t crowd- ed upon him; gratitude filled Itis soul in that he haci been table to save them alive during the famine. Cause every man to go out from me—There is 'L fine delicacy of feeling in this. It was an hour of holy ret•onciliation, too deep to he exposed to curious or sordid gaze. The brothers wero guilty of a great rameonal wrong, and Joseph did not intend to expose their guilty past to strangers. It was mainly joy to Joseph, but he knew that it was an hour of terror to his brothers. 2. Wept aloud—Emphatic. The house of Pharaoh heard—Joseph was living in the royal city; it was impos- siblethe k to keep tx oust from knowing of the strange visitation to the gifted young favorite of Pharaoh. 3, 4, Doth my father yet 11Ve?— He had already heard that his father yet lived. but wanted to hear thee! welcome news repeated. Intensel emotion delights in repeating over• and over the nevus that gives it birth. They were troubled at his presence— Amazed to discover his _deem-. Memories of their guilt, raid the fact that they' were Hoyi In power, strangers i n a strange land, filled their hearts with foreboding. Whom ye sold into Egypt—A fart unknown to any one there save Joseph mud Itis brothers. He recalls the guilty fact only to reassure them by inviting them to come to him. He had tested them and knew that theie thenrepentance was genuine. THE TRAPPER, Uig: Selecting a Fur Ilouse. The fur business differs not at all front ether businesses. Some fur houses are reliable, always grading skins tit just what they are worth, paying the tap, current market prices, and paying promptly. But many trappers have had the sad—and un necessary --experience of :sending off a shipment of furs representing et season's work and gettinge.practhal-i ly nothing for it. One geed way to make sure is to find another trapper who has had ex- perience and ask to whom he sends his furs, If you find he has been shipppng to one particular concern for a number of years, that's a pretty' fair guarantee that the concern is reiialsle and satisfactory in Its melees. But perhaps you do not know :volt a trapper. Tlfcin what? 1 Look over the advertisement o:r the various fur houses. Read with e view to seeitrg whether the house mentions low long it lae been in business. The old, reliable houses often put this information in their advertisetnents,because it proves thee they moat have a rule of squara dealing to stay in business, They know—if the experienced trapper does not—that some Sue houses ex- pect to exist only as ,long a : it takes trappers to find them out. If you want to be absoletaty safe., write to a bank in the city wbtre the fur house is located and aid: the hank to give you its opinion of the con- certo's treliabelity, feeinet:mes you will find that the fur houses suggest your doing this in their advertise- ments. If they do not, it is quite ;easy to get the address of a hank in the same town since any bank any -. j ''her., can give it to you. • It is particularly desirable to re- gird with caution the fur house which quotes prices that are notice- ; ably higher than those of the rest. The big, reliable houses do nob re- sort to this trick, but It is just this type of fur house that actually pays 1 the most for furs. The reason the lig Ionise can pay more is because it can 'sell furs to better advantage. j The largest fur houses have devel- oped a method of selling furs which is based on the manufacturers' agents. bidding for them in competition. They 1 do not bargain, but get every cent Biel furs are worth, Get the information which will cm ' able you to pick out •a reliable fur house early in the mean, Then d shipoa can whenyou are ready a tot y Y in sole full confidence that you will receive every dollar you, furs are worth. This is On important nat- ter and is Worth a hundred Hines the small trouble a little correspondence may be, $ X4,40 5-8, God did send me before you to preserve life... -Ise not only forgave. $ 44.40 them but showed how God had over- ruled all of his sufferings for a great, and good purpose. The deep religious motive in Genesis appears at its best here. Gori is shown as using the ordinary, natural circum- stances of life in working out n great and beneficent pnrpasc. Crop failures and human agencare used to illustrate God's way cif dealing with men. What was true then is true now: God is no respecter of per- sons. The disasters of to -day can be used for great ends. The vital 'fact in religion is that God is in hu- man life here end now. In which men Can you tell me what is wrong with our hens? I say hens because it is only hens fleet seem to be af- fected, The first and only symptom' anyone can notice is lameness in either one or both legs. I thought , by killing those that showed lame- tfbss I could stamp it out, but this method failed. In opening those that die I find the liver full of white spots and much larger than it should be. I also found some other hunches which were full of white spots the size of a bean. Heart and gizzard are seemingly all right. The liver of one hen was the size of my ]rand. My hens are ]sept in a good dry place, have clean waster to drink and good feed to•eat. I am puzzled to know what ails them. - Thisis a disease of great import- ance to the poultryman, therefore 1 am going to answer your questions fully for the -benefit of our readers,' Fowls do not seem to contract tub ertntlosis nearly as easy as cattle or swine, but when they do suffer from, 14 they are a serione menace to the' other animals on the faint as well, as to the poultryman and his family! The Bacillus Tnbercatlosis, which was discovered by Koch in 1882 fs the cause of this disease. There are, four principal types of this organism, one affecting man, ono affecting cat- tle; one affecting fish and one affect-, ing fowls. Doul th ss the liver and spleen of your it are a1Tactc d I Treatment of the affected bird is note to he thought h of. Kill and +n a nate all ,ileemeel birds. Spray coop with! 0110 pits t1"r.ar, acid and twenty; 1.1 t1 we • . i :e pitchy. of fMAI 1 ler. •. , there shall be neither plowing nor harvest—The drought lasted seven. years. To- preserve yot1 a remnant in the earth—The family of Throb were evidently herd pressed by the famine. They were the heir:; of the promise made to Abraham,. God's care for Israel would not fail, and Joseph believed himself to be an instrument in the hands of God for that purpose. It was not von that sent me hither, hue God -The Old Testament is pervaded with the„ firm belief in God's working through sec- ond causes; so strong is'this conic- tion that it is God himself who is seen in storm and earthquake and in the deeds of men. God permitted these leen to work their way, but dee. livered Joseph out of their put'pose to high ends. A father to Pharaoh "Probably an honorific title of the chief minister." (Skinner,) Ruler over all the land of Egypt—Some- thing more than the position of prime minister; •much power coupled with the great personal favor of the monarch. 12. Behold, your eyes see, etc.— He sends double assurence to Jacob to convince hint that his lost son is still alive. Even 'the eyes of the favorite 13'xnjemin bad seen him. That it is my mouth- that speakgth unto you. -He spoke to 'them in their own language, a clear evidence of his origin, 15, Ile kissed all his hrethern— The climax- is reached in the aleintl- ammo of the pardon; with character- i,tie caresses the brothers wipe out the past and take a new start in life. Ttemph , course is typical of the Christan point of. view. It may he lee! that he embodies merit of the, beauty of C.hrist't -chancier, God'a providential time and the power of reconciling grace stand out as 'the great lessons of the stery. Carrots aro one of the very best of the root crops for dairy cows. In food analysis they do not differ SO much from 'beets mungels or ruta- bagas. ut -bagas. They are a little richer in protein, however, but all of these craps are especially valuable because they aro very appetizing end because they have 11 beneficial effect upon digestiop, keeping the animals in good condition. An animal will eat more dry food and Will digest it bet ter if n pcltinn of ire ration 4.; sone root crop, and there in nothing better than carrots. To get the hest results out of car rots, however, or any other root crop, they should not be fad in excessive gnantities, that is, (.01 should not try to have the biggest ptu•t of the. ration c,-rrnr.,, because they are too bulky and too watery, but a small portion fwd each day regularly 's very bene- ficial. They are a gcro.1 food in tit m elves and 'besides they aseist in the digestion of other food;. ' A half bushel of carrots a day, feeding a peek night and morning to a coli, will bring more profitable results then feeding in larger quantities. "IE7Q-eas-M. _ ,gym 1!3 fen Yaur n,wrcy. Cheri: M Sn t hy wau:n n,.vi. hiv la L•'u,ls:un touaY. - FEINSTEIN 125105.ate' CO(. mus tatarnacm.t ver e:as.,ua 09 J FUf1STEiiJ BLOC. P r. RAW i 8 7uat'kwt, yrlcan Yon RAW RURs and GINSENG COOT 22 years of reliable 0tnding Rot A,•enee-- Cuanr lnt..,1' CIL '51, , Write fee Yr!^a Mut and Tars I�. SILVER 220 Sl, Paul ut You. Ca .'t Afford to take chances!!! Send your 'vim 2'y a`n 1, j eoje, 428 .dtOgi se St. Paul St,West° MONTREAL Riving manufacturers, and not buying to re. sea wp always assure are fairest grading and the highest market prices. Quick retains ,zlt� t gttam = ... reef -,<, "• Cash 0t. rar. orFURS! Ship Tod.ay to tPi L 44tFtf I ecu net earhr n•.1 pramlaaa, 4'• ,y when qi:.7. 1,0,2 1atai ave ,.,. a'S GOO, wi hr:.np^r' " tr da. i X519 NEIL - drat .Ash r 'Ha. Pa wars- •�,\ i1 moat rP ensandeone whit attract , 1(0 (t ay y a, wrlth eashma to to pay you a Salter mammy. Onr ed. we rt and , sr c sash tad, ovary sen pm da l7ay spat sash far ovary shipment ria volt - og all kinds. Better quality preferred. Welts for prices. STANFORD'S, Limited 128 Manafloid et, • - Montreal u.�,...=w,c.-o,e-e.-•ear,-�.�.a.-,..•.a.�,.,...n . 0000 (Ax MEaamyr :i= The Rif 7h,t Meet Prices Trappers aro ausured of these -when dt_t11ng with ua,--earta having had 30 .ears' business dealings 10 Montreal. Resides this yeu have our lank Be- ferencei Bank of Hoekeleara, St. Henry, Montreal, We want you to 5504 art yore .''tptuentn 00 We take thein in any Edged quantity and pay all s'or..sn charges, guaran- terence; Bank of Hoehelaga, 31. Henry, Montreal. ABBEY FUR COMPANY 210 0T. PAUL, 81'. W. LOUi3 A'3INOVITCH Manager MONTREAL, P.Q. j -r- 4 '1,8 11ERYBODY prefers a gift that is really useful, to some pretty but 'LA purposeless novelty. So that it is easy to be patriotic and comply with the Government's earnest plea—Give Useful Gifts. This applies equally whether you are buying the gift for yourself—as a "treat" after t:•ta harvesting—for your friend or relative who may be "over there" for mor -ds yet, or for the folks here at home. T. GLLETTESafety -THE USEFUL GIFT if it utero only the Custom to tell your friends what you would appreciate as a gift, how many snore anon would own a Gillette --a really useful gift that constantly reminds the person to whom it is given of the giver's thoughtfulness—day after day, for at least the few minutes occupied by the most pleasant of shaves. Make all your gifts USEFUL, with the Gillette heading the list where men are concerned. For men who already own a Gillette, the gift of a few packets of blades clever fails to win appreciation. - Your jeweler, Braggiet and hardware dealer it showing Gillette Sets at five dollars, 'Christmas mails for ,Europe will soon close. Gillette Safety Razor Co of Canada, Limited, MONTREAL. 402 ,-o_o s a O•—•O+—O—,G--O'+,O--p•.-6--• A SQUARE DEAL a:r01t WOMEN Many farmere who have ince, led t 1' e thousands cdollar; in Ln kook barns and convenient feed late have meelectcd to give the women folks a square deal by providing convenient hooios and yards for the farm poul- try. Keeping poultry in misfit Itoteees and with few modern con- venitnees for making the work easy 'ds likely to prove such a discourag- ing leek tl.at the hens will not be given the attention which is neceee sauy in order to have Brenn give a. good account of themselves, First of all, locate the houseswithin easy distance of the kitthc.n draw and note. back of the -barns and feed lots where the women will have to travel through mud end manure and open and Aso e everal big gates every time they go out to feed the liens or p•Uhei' the eggs. The heeee should he high enough so that the attendant can stand up- right when working in it., with a door wile enough so that the litter • he removed without dilfieulty, with windows that vvo:•k cosily and with nests, runs,ts and feed hoppers that ran be removed, cleaned. and (Beim fectod with_htit very Melo effort. In no other way can the house, he kept free from the lire and elites, well ventilated and sanitary. Such a 'ileum need Int be high en- ough in all parts to permit a pet•snu to stand uptight, 1f :a shed roof. type of house is built, seven and ono - half feet in front will be sufficient and it may drop to live and one-half feet in the rear. Too high a house. will be cold and one too 1-a will be extremely annoying to time 'who work inside. Whether the house has concrete, wood or natural ground floors it is always better to fill in the floors with several inches of earth in order to make the inside surface higher than the outside level and prevent dampness from accumu- lating underneath the buildira. IJry feeding' in hopper., has • great- ly simplified the feeding pcoblcrrt. 'There are many styles of tappers on the market, mo,•t of them so arrang- ed that they may be hung on the walls. Many of thew hoppers will hotel enough grain for a week or mere. The nest boxes may lie merle so that they may be taken doyen and cleaned any time it is deeired, ,1n orange crate makes a good dnthl8 nest for the small breede. By providing convenient hoses and yards in eloo proximity to the house and giving the women folks a will- ing hand for a few hours once a month much of the drudgery connect- ed with raring for the poultry tney be avoided and the increased income will mare than pay the additional ex- pense of providing these ,".'tvenie enref . The Food Boa's e c9 "Poultry eggs alone could pay V Canada's National War Debt," says Mr; Fred C. Elford, Superintendent of the Poultry Division of the Dein- inion Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Vend he produces the following figures to prove it: "Canacla's net national debt en October 31, 1918, was 51,2.47.000,000. We have adopted the singen, 'One hundred hens to every farm, ten hens to every nrhan lot,' That would mean .taking 1,000,000, at the round number of Canadian farms 100,00,- 000 hens in the country, and 10,000 - 000 hens in the cities,. towns and vil- lages, ti total of 110,000 000. 0f course everybody in the city could nee keep hens, and many would nut even if they 'could. But many peo- ple in the suburban districts of the cities, and in the smaller towns, and the country villages could keep more than 10, 30, 50, '75 perhaps. So take an average of ten, A good select hen will produce 200 eggs a year. But taking a low estimate of tan dszen eggs a year (120) for 1.10,000 000 hens and we would produce 1,101),000,- 000 dozen eggs a year. "Alt tett present time '00 eonsuma in Canada 23 dozen eggs per head of population per annum in Canada. We could increase this allowance to 50 dozen, a total of about 350 000 000 dozen. We use le5s''ihan 25.000 000 ' dozen of our eggs at the present time lag incubation. Suppose we increase this to 50,000,000 dozen, That w=ould total 400.000,000 dozen for Canadian consumption, a very liberal allow- ance. Wa would thee have lc•t for export 700,000,000 dozen at tau aver- age price of say 40 cents per deficit, That would bring $280,000,000 pet year into the country from eggs alone, The. interest on our debt of $1,247,000,000 at 51,4 per cent, will amount to 508,585,000. We would pay this interest and apply 0 balance of $213,41,5,000 to reducing the grin- eipal every year. In 'less than six reaps Canada's hems would wipe out the total monetary cost of the war to Canada and oar total net: national debt, "I clo not say 'that Canada will do this, „ But I say that Canada might well aim to clo •lt, for it is within the possibilities of what could be done ' without undue strain upon o:rr pre. sent labor capacity," 1 Eucalyptus oil will remove grease � atufts Siem -any kind of material without injurliig it. Apply a little of the oil with a clown- piece of flannel, and rub the material gently until the stairs disappear.