HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Brussels Post, 1918-8-15, Page 2ley Agronomiet.
Thls Department Is for the use of our farm readers who want the advice
of an expert on any question regarding sell, seed, crops, etc. If your question
Is of sufficient general Interest, It will be answered through this column. If
stamped and addressed envelope Is enclosed with your letter, a complete.
answer wilt ba matted to you. Address Agronomist, care of Wilson Publishing
Co., Ltd., 73 Adelaide St, W., Toronto.
Save the Soil. (turns. And when a man has once
Never before in the history ee drifted away from live stock it is all
Canadian agriculture has there been the more difficult for him to take up
any such a tendency toward the de-
pletion of soil fertility, Thousands
of farmers in our richest agricultural
ref ions who were at one time growers
the work where he left off.
Another question arises: What is
going to be the result of the present,
generation of farmers drifting away
of 'good cattle, sheep and hogs are be- from live stock farming on the future
coming soil robbers. The high price generations of farmers? The dif- i
fieulty of teaching the coming gener-I
ation how to care for live stock is'.
sure to hold back the development of j
the industry for many years. There- I
fore, grain must be grown until the
farmer is affected by reduced fertility+
:and consequent declining yields. Then
;when the tide does turn, as it even-
tually must turn, there is going to be
a mighty problem of restoring the
wasted' fertility and a mighty hunger
for knowledge of live stock feeding'
and soil management.
One thing is certain, that unless
there is a complete change in our
methods of farming, grain will never;
of grain is tempting them to sell in-
stead of feed out the crops. One
may build up his bank account by
that process for a few years, only to
find that he has really been selling
his farm by the wagon -load. Every
consideration present and prospective,
points to the importance of maintain-
ing and increasing the fertility of the
land, and this is just the reason why
every farmer in Canada whose land
will support live stock ought to find
some way of utilizing good animals in
his system of farming. The farms
on which some sort of live stock may
not profitably be maintainer) are few
and far between, ( be as cheap as it has been in former
The high rice of grain has not years. There are too many' de -
The . mands for it besides feeding it to live
continued long enough to enable any -'stock. In fact, there are only two
one to measure its full effects, nor; ways of increasing grain production;
one by increasing soil fertility; the
have we any means of determining
whether the conditions which are hold- other by better methods of culture.
Both of which are educational pro-
cesses and necessarily slow.
I Live stock raising is the best in-
surance against an improverished
agriculture. Those who have studied
the problem know that this is true.
Do not increase your acreage of grain
, crops, but improve your methods.,
Grow fewer acres and more bushels to
the acre. Do not keep too much
Awe stock but use better blood and
give them better care. Do not break
up good pastures and put them in;
grain because they offer a profitable
rotation of crops and become a soil
robber and a price chaser. The scales
are sure to turn in favor of the live
' stock grower, and as live stock can-
not be increased rapidly there is sure:
to be some good years ahead. It is
claimed that hogs are an exception to
;this rule, that they can be increased
of farming. It is an easy matter i very rapidly, but, even with hogs,
to develop a profitable system of, when the supply of breeding stock
grain farming on productive land, butbecomes reduced it requires two or,
it requires exceedingly good judgment' three years for production to get back'
to make live stock yield maximum re- I on a normal footing.
and later the sheep are turned in.
They eat the rape and turnip tops'
with relish and will later hollow the
meat from the turnip, leaving but a,
shell.
Mr. McKerrow has found that a
frequent change of pasture is bene
ficial to the sheep. A thirty -six-inch
woven wire fence in twenty -rod
lengths is moved about, thus prevent=;
;ing the too short cropping of the'
grass, and furthermore reducing the;
internal parasite plague to a mini-
mum. Water is also an important
I consideration, and ewes particularly,
I should have water the same as dairy
cows.
"I would not go so far as to say
that there should be some sheep on
every farm," declares Mr. McKerrow,
"for peculiar conditions might not:
make it practical, but I do believe that
there should be sheep on the vast ma-
jority of farms in this country. They,
turn waste into cash. The sort of
saving that the good housewife is
making in her kitchen can be practic-
ed with corresponding effectiveness
by the use of sheep on the farm.
•r
ing the price of grains to their present
level will continue long enough for the
full effects to be realized. One ef-
fect, however, is plain, that it is
checking the movement toward crop
rotation, stock feeding and maintain-
ing the fertility of the soil. Should
this continue for years to come, we
fear that this terrific waste of fertil-
ity that is going on will not only con-
tinue but actually increase.
It is going to take a number of
years to measure the effect of this
drifting away from live stock on the
land. It has been with the utmost
difficulty. even when grain was
bringing moderate prices, that farm-
ers could be persuaded to change from
growing grain for the market to stock
farming. Nor is this to be wonder-
ed at; for the growing of cattle, sheep
and hogs is an entirely different type
"I would like to know how to do
good farming without sheep," says
Mrs, George McKerrow, of Wiscon-
sin, one of the best and most widely
known sheep breeders of American.
"Why?" he continued. "Because my
sheep use up the wastes of the farm.
They clean up the grass, weeds, brush
and gleanings, and in so doing turn
into cash what otherwise would be
lost."
"Sheep," he says, "make the most
economical gains of any kind of live
stock because they c'ean up the oalds
and ends. They are particularly
useful on the farm in the fall of, the
year, for they turn into mutton the
things that otherwise would not be
used. At the same time they save
the feed stuffs that would be given
them if they did not have access to
these other things."
After harvest, Mr. IVIcKerrow's
sheep are turned into the oat fields
for a few hours the first day; an hour
or two longer the second day; and the
time gradually increased until at the
end of a week they have complete
possession of the fields, The lambs
are permitted to enter the corn before
it is cut and they clean up on the
weeds and lower corn plant leaves.
Lambs do not pull down the lower
ears of corn as do the sheep. Roots
are grown for the cattle and sheep on
Mr. McKerrow's place, and after the
larger roots are hauled into storage
for winter use, the sheep are turned
into the field and eat the smaller ones
that remain. Both the sheep and lambs
are turned into the aftermath
of the meadowe and this brings them
Into winter quarters in good condi-
tion.
Another profitable practice nn this
farm is that of plowing up fields that
become weedy after. harvest. These
fields are sown to repo and turnips,
Farmers who ship their wool
direct to us get better prices
than farmers who Bell to the
general store,
ASK ANY !FARMER!
who has sold .his wool both
ways, and note what he %aye ---
or, better still, write us for our
prices ; they will show you how
teach you loae by selling to the
General Store,
eve pay the highest priers of any f rat
lu thecountryandere the Imzestwool
dealers in Canada. Paymeat is re-
mitted the sante day wool is received.
Ship u5 your wool to•dny— ouwillhe
mare
ured�ofasqu re dealProutus, are
arr3:atrzppn
HI V. ANDREWS
tO CHURCH ST., TORONTO
10.41Amf w..
FUNNY FOLD -UPS
CUT OUT AND FOLD ON DOTTED LINES
"ewe
- -rulD IORW..eO-
I'LL c0 AND BORROW MOiHERS MUFF
I THINK THE FUR 15 JUST THE 5111ff
TO MAHE A TALL DRUM MAJOR'S HAi
WE HAVE NO DRUM -OUT IUHAT Of 111AT,
To Blast Big Stumps.
About the first work I did with
dynamite was to tackle a big field of
stumps. For this I used a 40 per
cent. grade, which is about the proper
thing to use for stump -blasting on
ordinary soils. I find that on low,
boggy ground, where the stumps are
very large and tough, it is more
economical to use a higher grade of
dynamite, such as 50 or GO per cent.,
placing it under the stump and firing
electrically by a blasting machine.
All very large tough stumps over
three feet in diameter, such as: oaks,
hickory, and elm, should be blasted
only by this method.
The distributed charges will then
all go off together, and the combined
effect ofthe several charges so dis-
tributed will give a much better blast
than putting the entire charge in one
hole bored directly under the stump.
A few months ago a neigbbor of
mine excavated a ditch through a low
bottom field of his which was very
much subjected to overflow. In the
digging of this ditch he encountered
several large willow stumps which
were at least one hundred years old
but still in a pretty sound state of
preservation. Knowing that I was
accustomed to using dynamite, he
Grass clippings are an excellent
green feed for chickens. The back
yard poultry flock of a family often
lacks sufficient green feed with a
consequent reduction of egg and meat
production. With the easy avail-
ability of lawn clippings the poultry-
man can always have green feed
through the summer for his chickens.
, The flock can be fed daily as much of
the green clippings as they will eat.
If any continued bowel trouble shows,
the amount should be reduced. Tho
'remainder of the clippings can be al-
�loeved to dry and fed moistened dur-
ing the time between lawn cuttings.
Amounts in excese can be dried for
winter use. Tried grass clippings
ere a good green food for winter.
They can be dried and stored in sacks,
These died clippings, moistened and
fed to the flock, are a very fair sub-
stitute for the succulent green .feeds
of summer. •
Pay More and Fat Lege.
"One could eat two meals in succes-
sion very easily in London, and leave
the table slightly minus the self-sat-
isfied feeling to be got by unrestricted
eating in any American Cafe," writes
I Raymond B. Bolton, n newspaper cor-
respondent. "In addition one has to
pay more on the average for a meal
here than in the United Statee or
Canaria,"
i
War is our business. We cannot
ruin by carrying it on se a "side line."
Keep a small toothbrush at hand
for cleaning round the handles of tea.
:cup; and tureens, and for dishes with
rough eurfacoe or ranted designs.
called upon me to blast out these
stumps standing in water, for it was
too wet and boggy to get them other-
wise
I find that blasting for tree -plant-
ing, either for fruit or shade trees,
is one of the most profitable ways of
using dynamite, R. W.
Getting Even
"Yes," remarked a conceited young
bachelor, "I have the greatest admir-
ation for the fair sex, but I never ex -
pest to marry—oh, dear nol"
"Indeed!" remarked a lady. "Then
I am to understand that you not only
admire women, but you have a sin-
cere regard for them as well,"
One of the most important things
in the operation of a dairy is the
cleaniug of the dairy utensils. They
must be cleaned and rinsed thor-
oughly immediately after being used;
this will prevent the water in the
milk from evaporating and the solid
matter sticking fast to the utensila.
If it is found impoasible to wash the
utensils at once, it will be a good
plan to rinse them in lukewarm wa-
ter so that the greater part of the
milk will be removed before it has
had a chance to stick fast to the pail
or cow, Hot water should never
be used until the milky substances
have been removed with the lukewarm
water first, ae the hot water will
coagulate the casein in the milk so
that it sticks to the pull and will
therefore require a great amount of
washing before it can all be remov-
ed from the vessel.
After thoroughly rinsing the uten-
sils in the lukewarm water, they
should be thoroughly washed in hot
water, using some good brand of
alkali washing powder. There are
many good washing powders to be
found on the market that will answer
the purpose and make this part of the
dairy work easier each day. Soaps
or powders that contain grease as a
part of their composition will not
mike a satisfactory brand of soap or
powder to use in this work and not
nearly as good as a genuine alkali
powder,
It is a good plan also to have on
hand several good stiff brushes that
are adaptable to cleaning the various
utensils used daily. If steam is in-
stalled it can be used very effectively
in sterilizing the utensils, but of
course this is not always installed
and it is necessary therefore, to fol-
low out the rinsing and washing pro-
cess, as I have described, Never
wipe the utensils after washing them
in the hat water. The heat impart-
ed by the steam or hot water will
make the utensils dry very quickly.
They ehould be placed upside down on
the racks so no dust or dirt will get
on the inside of them. This is just
as important as the cleaning process,
Never put covers or lids on the cans
or pails, but give them free access
to air and sunlight at all times. This
keeps them bright, clean and sanitary.
Camera Used to Candle Eggs,
Bad eggs are unfailingly detected
by the camera. This has been dem-
onstrated in France, where experi-
ments are being conducted with a
photographic egg -testing apparatus,
says Popular Mechanics Magazine.
The idea of utilizing the camera in-
stead of the human eye for candling
is a new one. So far it has not begh
carried past the laboratory stage, but
its commercial utilization at present,
it is of more than passing interest.
Eggs are held in a half dozen oval
boles provided in a metal plate. Their
large ends point toward a common
centre. While intense light is passed
through them, they are photographed.
A powerful lens is used and an ex-
posure ranging upward to three minu-
tes is made. The result is a picture
that shows the size of the air chamb-
ers in the eggs.
ti
A Patriotic Urge
Colonel Grimbattle—Why so gay?
You were in deep mourning the last
time I saw you.
The Widow Lookabout---I was. But
since the soldiers began to rendezvous
here I've been called to the colors.
GOOD HEALTH QUESTION BOX
By Andrew F, Currter, M.D.
Dr. Currier will answer all signed lettere pretaining to Health. If your
Question is of general interest it will be answered through these columns;
if not, it will be answered personally if stamped, addressed envelope is en-
closed. Dr. Currier will not prescribe for individual cases or make diagnosis.
Address Dr. Andrew F. Currier, care of Wilson Publishing Co., 73 Adelaide
St. West, Toronto.
Remedies for Nervous Diseases.
In no class of diseases are medi-
cines more hopeless and useless, so
far as cure is concerned, than in those
which involve the brain and spinal
cord and the nerves proceeding from
them.
I don't mean that medicines are
, powerless to relieve some of their
symptoms, but I do not know of any
that will cure them, when once well
;established, any more than they can
cure cancer.
j Neither do I include in this sweep -
Ong statement the milder forms of
neuralgia which are often relieved
and cured for the time at any rate, by
external or internal remedies.
i In a great many cases it is a waste
of good money to buy medicines, and
to expect them to cure disease will
almost surely be disappointing.
Three medicines and perhaps four
the world could not well do without,
opium to relieve pain, quinine to cure'
malarial poisoning, mercury to cure f
syphilis, and salicylic acid to cure
rheumatism.
We could manage to get along if
most of the others were dumped into
the sea.
:More than thirty thoueand different
proprietary medicines are made in
North America; who would le- foolish
enough to imagine that the ;0,I do;
what they are adverliscal for,
those who buy and take th.mi.
If the money spent for them were
used in buying good simple food, how
much better everybody would be, ex-
cept, of course, the patent medicine
makers.
Some nervous diseasee aro self-
limited, they burn like a candle until
the material cauaing them is used up,
and the die out.
This is so for instance, with some
of the nervous diseases of childhood
and early life, St. Vitus' dance and
others.
Medicines are sometimes given in
this disease and sometimes seem help-
ful, though I would not recommend
the patent medicinee advertised to
cure it. If a child with this dis-
ease has good food, plenty of sleep,
sunlight and outdoor exerciee, is clean
in his habits, and is kept free from
excitement, he will get well in nine
cases out of ten without a drop of
medicine,
Epilepsy may disappear after a few
years with good hygienic care, though
I am aware that frequently it does
not.
It is so benefited by careful reg-
ulation of the diet and habits, and I
am free to eay there are some power-
ful medicines now used for it which
are apparently of great value.
It may be too early to say wheth-
er they will cure it permanently or
not, they are not likely to cure those
cases in which the cause of the dis-
ease remains,- for instance pressure
upon the brain by a depressed por-
tion of the skull.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
F P,—Two ,years ago, my husband,
who is forty-five years old, began to
have epileptic fits, tend now he hoe at
leaet two every week, We have not
vet been able to find any help for
him.
Answer -If you will send a stamp-
ed and addressed envelope, I will be
very glad to send you an article on
i Epilepsy, which you may read.
FALL SETTING OF STRAWBERRIES
Heretofore our preference has been
spring setting of strawberry planta
over fall set. I could never see what
waa to be gained by fall setting as
ordinarily practiced, Late August
and early September is the season
usually employed for this. To be
sure, when weather and soil eondi-
tions are favorable, and good Plants
set, quite a fair growth will be made
both in root and crown, growth suf-
ficient to mature a fair crop of ber-
ries if allowed to fruit. But if per-
mitted to fruit the first season an in-
ferior stand of young plants must
necessarily result. The cultural con-
ditions required, in each instance are
altogether incompatible. The object
or purpose sought in each case is
wholly unlike.
Then, too, I figured that spring set
plants make all the growth necessary
under proper conditions of soil and
culture, hence, what was the use of
endeavoring to establish the new
plantation at a season when favorable
weather conditions were so much
more problematical. Another thing,
the labor of creating a fine mellow
root pasturage with plants occupy-
ing the ground, would be greatly aug-
mented. Indeed, I figured that to
place a piece of ground in as excellent
a condition as is possible when larger,
deeper working tools may be used, is
practically out of the question; hence,
sizing the matter up in the light of
the experience I then had, I decided
that the fall setting of strawberry
plants had nothing to offer us.
But for some time back I have been
looking at the proposition in the light
of greater experience and can now see
how, if fall setting can be made suc-
cessful, the plan offers one very decid-
ed advantage to us, viz., the setting of
the plants will come at a season when
other work is far less pressing. With �
a large amount of work of this sort
to be done in the spring some of it
must necessarily be neglected; hence,
any plan or system that promises to
relieve the pressure of work at this
time is worth a fair trial. As time
passed the. attractiveness of the plan
increased until I decided to try the
plan- out. So this fall an acre of
new bed has been set as an experi-
ment. Conditions of soil and weath-
er were not ideal. If the plan is a
success this time, it will be possible
to make late fall setting successful
under average fall weather conditions,
so it seems to me.
To begin with, the ground used was
in peas this summer. As the rain-
fall has been deficient since pea har-
vest the ground WAS not moisture -
saturated as may be secured under
ordinary spring conditions. For sev-
eral weeks after pea harvest the soil
remained almost dust dry. Then a
shower came to moisten the soil down
about five inches, when the ground
was plowed and floated down with a
plank drag. Other showers follow-
ed in a week or so of sufficient mag-
nitude to moisten the surface $o that
a fairly good soil plant bed wee
secured, A shower came just as the
work of setting was begun; just en-
ough to crust the surface when the
weeder was used to re-establish the
loose surface, This loose surfece
soon dried out so that it bothered
some in setting, for additional work
was made necessary that none of this
dry soil got next to the roots. Then,
too, the job was more or less unpleas-
ant as a fresh breeze blew the dry
particles into our faces.
Just how the experiment will turn
out, future developments only can re-
veal. Only light showers have fall-
en since the setting was finished. To
prevent crusting and consequent loss
of soil moleture, the weeder has been
used to re-create a loose surface. Be-
cause of the deficient rainfall it may
be necessary to reset quite a number
of plants. This will be done as soon
as it becomes clear that the plants
first set are not starting out vigor -
Of
Of course, it is not expected that
plants set this late in the season will
make much growth in the short time.
before freezing weather sets in, This
is not expected. Neither is it neees-
eery to the success of the plan. All
that is required is that the plants get
their root system established and be
ready to do business next spring.
It will be itnperatively necessary to
eupply winter protection to these fall
set plants. They wouldn't be worth
shucks if not fully protected from the
injurious results of exposure to win-
ter's frost and sunshine, and the heav-
ing action upon the soil of "Sugar
Weather." One of my helpers amid,
when I cautioned him against getting
the plants too deep: "But just wait
till the frost gets in its work." Our
1 reply was to the effect that it would
'never do to let frost get in its work.
:The plants must be fully protected
against such harmful agencies.
Whatever may be the outcome it is
certain that one feature of advantage
will be m sucress; eve will have a start
of a week with our spring work. Es-
tablishing the new strawberry bed
in spring, coming as it does right
along with so much other similar
work, adds largely to the strenuous
life of the season. If this job can
be transferred from this busy time to
a season more convenient, a very de-
cided advantage will be gained.
After all due care and protection,
spring growth may show up plants
not starting out with full vigor. These
may easily be replaced with plants
from the propagating bed and a full
stand made secure.—M. N. Edgerton.
1. A RLrGEP7'YPf
FOIL OUROFATHERS
-2J
By Maude Dennie
One beautiful night in August we
gave an informal reception to our
fathers, We had often entertained
' our mothers and our brothers and our
boy frienda; we had gleen a farewell
party for one of the girls who was
leaving; and we had haul our little
I fancywork "rneets;" but this event
was unique and we planned most tov-
ingly and hopefully, I believe, for
these silent, kindly, long -neglected
fathers of ours,
I At first some of the fathers scouted
the idea when we began talking about
iit at home. Most of them nre hard-
working men and unused to social
1 functions. They were perfectly will-
' ing we should have a good time, had
no objection to our girls' meetings
and tried to accommodate us about a
pony to ride or a horse to drive
whenever that were possible; but it
was a busy season, they were occupi-
ed with providing for our material
'needs—or extravagant tastes, as the
'case may be—and "running around
I nights" was to them clearly a waste
of time.
As the time drew near, our respec-
tive anxieties were more or less re-
lieved, At noon on the very last day,
I overheard some instructions to the
tioys about the night chores, and an
injunction not to use the best driving
horses that day; I saw leather get out
the new buggy and I noticed mother
I hunting his best tie and laying out a
shirt he seldom wears! And then
when he drove the dashing team up
to the door, I felt very proud of my
handsome dignified father.
I I wonder if girls in the city ]snow
what that buggy ride in the country
was like? There: was misty starlight
over the dewy fields, scents of woodsy
things, sounds of insects in the grass,
and long low shadowy,strips of trees
far -away on'the edge of the plains.
And as we drove, we saw a big full
moon slip up from the forked top of
an old oak silhouetted against the
Isky. Then there was the unaccustem-
ed but pleasant chat with Father him-
self.
It touches us deeply in one of those
infrequent hours of comradeship, to
realize --and with what startling
painful regret sometimes we do re-
alize it—how few and precious those
heart-to-heart talks are and how little
of our attention and understanding
' wo give to these best of chums, these
elderly men of experience whose only
i thought is for our happiness and well.
being.
IIt was remarkable what splendid
indifference these fathers displayed
' at first, and how every man invited,
who was physically able, finally found
his way, half -apologetically, half-in-
dulgently,
alfin-
dulgently, into the group of other
apologetic, indulgent men.
The decorations were all yellow wild
flowers, great stalks of sunflowers
massed against the walls and huge
jars of golden -rod everywhere we
could find a place for them. The
paper napkins were hand -painted with
the club name, Kolah, which means
friend, and a spray of yellow bloom.
And tbere were plenty of good things
to ea
Howt.
ever, the feature of the even-
ing proved to be the little contest
with which we had planned to tease
them. This is the way it was play-
ed: Gradually and unobtrusively we
began to leave the room until not a
girl remained. Then someone pass-
ed slips containing a list of questions,
the answers to be filled lit by our
father guests. The questions read
thus:
How much do you notice yout
' daughter? Do you know—
, I. The color and material of the
dress she is wearing this evening?
3. The size of her gloves?
2. Its style or the way it is made?
4. Her style of hail -Jima?
I 5. What ornaments she is 'wearing?
li. Her favorite flowers, books and
music?—and that beside being her
Daddy, you are her truest admirer,
her first 'friend, and the man she loves
be
';lst?ust what is the main object of the
club?" someone asked as we were
getting ready to go home.
"Oh, just to get people acqu. inted
--," one of the girls began carelessly.
j "But that isn't all," I pretested and
Popularity.
It is possible for a person to be
undeservedly popular. His popular-
ity may not be due, to good qualities,
but to wealth or other advantages.
Many people honor a person for sel-
fish reasons. They think it pays
them to have his good will,
A humble person may after all
have as many real friends as an
honored one. The friends of the
former are generally true, being
friendly because of admiration for
him and not because they are seek-
ing worldly favor. He knows who
his true friends are, but the other
doesn't. When an apparently popu-
lar man fails in a financial or any
other way which reduces him to a
humble position he soon finds who his
true friends are. ,I
Unless he is a very bad &erecter,
one with only a few friends is gen-
erally a man of better principle than
is one with only a few enemies. The
former usually doesn't; seek popu-
larity, but the later generally does.
It is easy for anybody to become
popular if he has the advantages.
When a person has only a few ene-
mies they generally have good rea-
sons for being such. Ie is found that
many a popular man will be very
generous in his dealings with people
he wants for friends but unmerciful
when dealing with those whose friend-
ship he doesn't desire. One per-
son may truthfully say of another
that he may have acted good with
nearly everybody else but that he act-
ed meanly with him.
Individual Churns.
The cream -gathering truck stopped
the weakly or daily churning for us,
and the idea of table butter became
a question, Tho creamery had that
fixed before they asked us for our
cream.
The nice-Iooking, high-class cream-
ery butter wrapped in tissue paper
and packed in ice, right to our door
every time they came for our cream,
was their answer.
We tried it, Fresh and clean as it
was, it did not fill the want for good
country butter,
It is out of the question to matte a
churning each week with the big
churn, and pack it down until used,
We have a gallon and a half glass
churn which we bought at our hard-
ware store for a small amount two
years ago, long enough ago to know
that our investment is a svecess and
that it is the real wey for the farm-
er to have butter Upon • his table.
This sterilized glass churn is cap.,
able of making clean butter, and it is
operated easily.—G. W B,
,w -
Corks if steeped in paraffin oil for
a few hour's will make excellent fire-
lighterdc
"Country of Mine."
Country of mine, that gave me birth,
Land of the maple and the pine,
What richer gift has this round earth
Than these fair, fruitful Nelda of
thane?
Like sheets of gold thy harvests run,
Glowing beneath the August sun;
Thy white peaks soar,
Thy cataracts roar,
Thy forests stretch from shore to
shore;
Untamed, thy northern prairies lie
Under an open, boundless sky;
Yet one thing more our hearts inn
plore—
That greatness may not pass thee byl
—Helena Coleman,
The Farmer's Office.
Farmers are not slow in recogniz-
ing the value of an article or method
for the improvement of their business,
so they are buying typewriters and
other office conveniences, and they're
using 'em, too.
The typewriter is especially useful,
as it writes letters in a standard way
that indelibly stamps the sender as a
businese man. For the sake of the
letter alone the typewriter is well
worth owning; but it has other uses
which help prove its value. Carbon
copies of all letters written can easily
and conveniently be made by inserting
a sheet of carbon paper and a "second
sheet" under each letter written, Car-
' bon copies are accepted as evidence
in the courts. Card index records
can be printed by the typewriter; also
bills, loose-leaf records, etc.
The first cost may be a bugbear to
many. This is a needless fear, as a
good rebuilt typewriter can be pure
chased 'for about $25 or $30.
The repair expense is ueually very
slight if the typewriter is oiled occa-
sionally and used with reasonable
care. It will be necessary to pule
chase a new ribbon once or twice a
yeardepending on the amount of
writing done; but this is a very smut'
item of expense.
'1'o Conserve -Fish Waste.
The Canada Food Board has been
advised by Messrs, 'Ernest Scott St
Company, engineers, Pull River, Mims.,
that they are peepared tea install
equipment in Canada for the reduc-
tion of fish and fish waste, to fish meal,
fertilizer, oiI and glycerine. Consid-
erable research has been conducted
along this line by private parties and
various branches of the Government
in CazIada, but great quantities of the
material are still being wasted.
"An easy job will snit me." ''How
about winding the clocks overt' week?"
"T might make that do. But what's
the matter with tearing the leaves
off the calendars every month?"
felt confusedly that as leader I should
be able to verbalize, in a brentle, all
our ideals and lofty motives.
"That may be a very great and
beautiful miasion in life, you know—
just getting people acquainted," our
philosopher -guest said quietly,
And it is, is it not?
Greater than any bridge of stun°,
Across whatever waters thrown;
Creator than any heaving bridge
of ships across the ridg,` en ridge
Of roaring seas; yea; greater still
Is that strong bridge which from the
will
Of patriot soul to patriot mull
Doth hear its to our shining goal—
The unseen bridge of Liberty,
Linking all hearts that would be free,
Nearing Black,
Black as It color of mourning has
bean discarded in Europe during tho
war because it had a depressing
effect on the whole civilian population
and also provod a scricid financial
burden to the poor and a, positive men-
ace to the national interests in that
it diverted workmen and material
from strictly necessary channels into
streams that fed only the luxury of
wari