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The Brussels Post, 1918-6-6, Page 2r arm rap �.erie5 "411 %), , �•`.�: i (" 71+1 VII Conducted by Professor henry G. Bell The object of thls department is to place at the sen vice of our farm readers the advice of an acknowledged authority on all subjects pertaining to soils and crops Address all questions to Professor Henry G. Bell, In care of The Wilson Publishing Company, Limited, Toronto, and answers will appear In this column In the order In which they are received, As space Is limited it is advls. able where immediate reply is necessary that a stamped and addressed envelope be enclosed with the question, when the answer will be mailed direct, nt.. J. S. G.:--1. Do you know any short cuts that will help in this time of labor shortage? 2, Na hat is the cense of oats growing heavy, rank straw and lodging before they are ripe? Is there something ,lacking in the soil? My neighbors tell me my ground is too rich. We used to have a lot of stock on the place, and used a lot of soft wood ashes. Our hay crop is not nearly so heavy as it used to be. I have been working the place for four years. Is there anything to put on the land to make the straw grow stronger, or to retard the growth of it? Last year I did not have half the crop of oats as they did not fill out and they went down. 3. What do you think of rape as a summer pas- ture for hogs and calves? 4. How does arsenate of lead compare with Paris green in .effectiveness in the spraying of potatoes? 5. Would you recommend the sowing of beans on sod land with an application of a fertilizer containing about 1' i am- monia and 12ee available phosphoric acid? Answer: -1. Many suggestions can be offered relative to the conservation of labor during the present shortage, but it is difficult to bring suggestions within the range of the average man who has a limited amount of machin- ery. There are two lines of attaek, first using more efficient machinery, second, employing better cultural me- thods. Without detailing a long dis- cussion of the advantages of the first, the following figures are self-ex- planatory. Investigations by Cornell, Agricultural Experiment Station, show that cultivating corn a one-horse cultivator covered 4.4 acres a day of 10 hours. A two -horse cultivator covered 6.6 acres. This of course is a saving of at least eOce in man labor when the extra horse can be added, The season for cultivating potatoes is nearly at hand. To a large extent a two -horse cultivator can be used to advantage on the potatoes and will ef- fect the same general saving of labor. In spraying potatoes a man with a hand sprayer can cover from two to three acres a day, A horse sprayer can easily cover 10 to 12 acres, in - relying no additional man labor. In' cutting hay, a mower drawn by two horses has the following cutting cepa city, varying with the length of the, cutter bar:- .l,ength of bar. Area cut per day.' 44 feet 8.3 acres' 6 feet q acres! 6 feet 10.2 acres. In handling hay, Men Horses Waggons Tons 2 2 1 hauled 10.7: 3 4 2 hauled 14.9 5 4 2 hauled 20.1 The time for seeding winter wheat is nearly at hand. West Virginia Experiment Station found that it re-' quired 23.1 hours of man labor to: plow, disk, harrow, cut, haul and thrash an acre of wheat. Conditions' in that territory are somewhat the same as in Ontario, so that these fig-' uses of production are fairly repre- sentative for Ontario conditions. By fertilizing wheat when seeding, it has' been found possible to increase the, average yield of wheat 13 bushels per. acre in Ohio, 10 bushels per acre in' Missouri and 8 bushels per acre in. Indiana and Ontario. Of course, this' increase is the general average of see- eral experiments. Actual yields in Ontario of 40 to 50 bushels per acre ere on record with in the last two years where the wheat fields are given careful preparation, manure(' and ferd tilized. Now, it is obvious that if a little less than 24 hours of man labor! on an unfertilized wheat field produe- Cel arid It is necessary to give growing chicks green fond of some kind in order to obtain the maximum growth Which is so eeeential in chick raising. For the poultry raiser who Inas plenty of land free range will eepply the necessary green food more eco- nomically w sec nonce 11 than it. res l _ secured f y n c el in any other way. Where the range is limited or when the pouituyman de- sires to hatch chicks very early it be- comes necessary to supply in some other form the required amount of green food. This may involve some' expense, nevertheless the careful manager will provide same sort of green food for his growing chicks. The green food which the poultry - erten will feed to his early hatched' i chicks will depend somewhat upon the amount of time, equipment and num- ber o$ chicks he has. Among the many green foods which are good for the g'row•ieg chicks may be mentioned swiss chard, rape, let- tuce, cabbage, kale, mangels, sprouted oats, alfalfa, clover and beet pulp. • Tho last three mentioned can he pur- chased in dry form and then can be soaked and used as a succulent food. Whieh one of the others to use will ed less than 20 bushels of wheat per acre on the average, and if by fer- tilization, the yield of the same fields can be increased so that double the amount of wheat is harvested, labor used of the fields will be employed with an increased efficiency of 100ei Stated in another way, half the land will raise an equal amount of grain if properly fertilized. Applying fertilizers takes very little more labor, since it is distributed at the same time as the wheat is soon. The fertilize: distributing compartment of the modern wheat drill gives this concen- trated plantfood uniform and effective distribution. 2. I would assume from your question that you have been ap- plying manure heavily to the land where you are attempting to grow grain. Manure is relatively high in nitrogen, but low in phosphoric acid, the plant ripener. The addition of soft wnod ashes has tended to increase a condition in your soil where consid- err..ble amount of straw is produced and the grain fails to ripen. Soft wood ashes do not contain very much potash, but carry a relatively large amount of lime. Indications are that your soil is in need of plantfeod high in phosphoric acid and carrying a small amount of nitrogen, and medium amount of potash. I would advise you, if sowing winter wheat to ferti- lize same with about 200 to 300 pounds per acre of fertilizer carrying 1 per cent. ammonia, 10 to 12 per cent. phosphoric acid, and 1 to 2 per cent. potash. There is abundant evidence to Shaw that this application of plant - food materially improves the yield, strengthens the straw and aids the filling out of grain. The ferti- lizer is best distributers through the fertilizer dropping machinery of the grain drill. 3- Rape, especially the Dwarf Essex variety, has proven a very valuable pasture crop for sheep. It may be sown late in the spring and produce a good pasturage in the early autumn. Craig says in his book that an acre of rape will carry 30 hogs for 2 months. Young cattle would have to be handled with care on it, since rape has a tendency to bloat. 4, Arsenate of lead is competing strong- ly with Paris green as a poison to be used in the spraying of fruit trees and potatoes. If it is well made it is proving very effective on potatoes. Arsenate of lead comes in two forms. In dust form it contains 1 or 2 per cent. of moisture and in the paste form, in which it contains 36 to 50 per cent. of moisture. Its chemical composition shows it to carry a rela- tively high amount of poison which should he effective in killing potato beetles if carefully applied. 5. If the sod land can be worked down so it forms a good mellow seed bed, beans should do well upon it. Careful soil preparation shows best results in bean crops perhaps more than it does in any other farm crops. The fertilizer you mention should produce good re- sults provided you have grown clover on the field preceding the bean crop or applied stock manure to it within the last two or three years. In applying the fertilizer be especially careful not to get it right under the beans. Sev- eral successful bean growers in apply- ing fertilizers follow the practiee of closing up the 3rd, 6th and 9th holes of the fertilizer section of the grain drill, and distributing the fertilizer through the other tubes, When it comes to seeding beans, or if the' beans are sown through the grain; drill, they are dropped through the spouts that aro closed to the fertiliz- er. This amounts to applying the fer- tilizer broadcast between the rows,: not dropping it immediately under the' beans, _ . .4 • depend 1 u rm the conditions. ons. For the man 'who raised 500 chicks or more time and equipment necessary for raising lettuce, kale, or sprouted oats is too great and there fore it cannot be done economically. Of all the green or succulent food for chicks perhaps. mange's are the best because they can be raised the year before and stored and when wanted can be cut up or sliced in two and hung up on nails around the house, thus giving the chick a a chance t exercise n 19 e mb- o , taining their succulent food by com-' :gently picking at the mangels. While the chicks are very young mangels may be used to advantage by cutting them up in very small pieces; thus they can learn to like them and wilt eat more of them later on, For late hatched chicks green food eon be eupplied by giving them free' range in pastures or in lobs that have been sown to clover, oats, rye or wheat, No one can plow, harrow, and cul tivate his ground in the same manner any two successive years with the ex pectation of growing a maximum crop. Nature never gives a person the same soil and weather conditions in any two years. A Vital Alece3slty In Pearce or War THE Operations of llydrd-Electric and Public Utility Companies are a vital necessity to the industrial and social wel- fare of Canada, and are as essential in tinges of peace as in war, This is one of the reasons we recom- mend the Bonds of well-managed Hydro - Electric and Public Utility Companies serving glowing communities. Send for list of Hydro -Electric and Pub- lic Utility Bonds yielding 6% to 8`%e. NESBITT, 7`hlCkl SON & COMPANY Investment Bankers Limited Mercantile Trust Bldg. Hamilton 222 ST. JAMES STREET MONTREAL THE SILO AN ECONOMIC RECESS/TY I Mothers and daughters of all ages are cordially Invited to wr,Lo cu rata department. Initials only will be published with each question and Its ens ver as a means of Identification, but full name and address must be given In each letter. Write on one side of paper only. Answers will be mailed direct if • stamped and addressed envelope is enclosed. Address all correspondence for this department to Mrs, Helen Law, 235 'woodbine Ave„ Toronto. UR 0 LE iSY muHELEN MA/ Librarian: -Why not hold an ex..Melt the fat in a saucepan, add the ]obit to arouse interest in your Public' oatmeal and fry it for a few minutes Library? I heard recently that awhile stirring. Then acid the vegto small toren library like yours gave 'tables and fry for a few minutes an exhibition that resulted in a great -'.longer, Now pour in the stock with ly increased use of its books and a pinch of salt and bring to the boil. magazines. The plan was first ad Skim carefully and allow to simmer vented by a woman's club, the mein-! slowly for about three-quarters of an hers of which volunteered to do all. hour. Lastly, add the milk and re - the necessary work. They had found heat, season to taste and serve hot. in the library many books that were! Molly: -Seeing that you bave some useful in helping them to make vari-i spare time on your hands you might ous kinds of fancy work. The ex - 'use it to advantage by keeping bees. hibit as they arranged it contained; They are very profitable and can he The cheapest and best ration for, silage is 30e'r better than shocked the articles that they had made, and carried on as a side line without any live stock must contain a reasonable' corn from field. The same holds close beside them the book or maga- inconvenience It is better to start zine that had furnished the idea or the on a somewhat small scale and grad design, But they did not limit the i wally work up. exhibition to books on fancywork or I Mr. F. W. L. Sladen, Dominion to books merely for women, Books; Apiarist, says: "I am more than ever on household economy, gardening, arts convinced that for a large output of nd crafts, hygiene and many other , honey this coming summer, one of the ractical subjects were shown in such best bits of advice to give is to urge way that the men a.nd the women i those who are employing and know nd the boys and the girls who visit- I how to employ modern methods to in - d the show could see at a glance whaticrease their holdings by purchasing or ind of help or information they could ! leasing bees from those who, for one et by using the library. reason or another, are neglecting their Housewife: -1. If wall paper is i bees." It would seem that women roken or marred in places it may be, are particularly adapted for this kind amount of succulent feed. An abund- ance of suitable pasture is unexcelled, and a substitute for this feed in win-' ter or during a drought in summer is essential for greatest production and profits, i In view of the scarcity find high' prices of grains and meals, the silo takes on an increased value. For ex- ample: -100 pounds total digestible' nutrients in corn silage has a net cast' of 54c., in bran $2.31, corn $4.02, oats $429, etc., when silage costs $3.00. per ton to raise and store and other feeds are valued at present wholesale market prices, Even in these times of expensive labor, seed, horse labor. and machinery, corn may be placed in the silo at the above east. Surely' this is sufficient reason why every live stock farmer should consider the in ' crease in silage production, j The adaptability of the silo to vari-. ous parts of Canada depends on the' location, varieties of crops which may be grown, and, to a lesser extent, on the class of live stock maintained. No farmer with two or three cows should' , think of building a silo, hot for a herd containing ten cows or more, or the equivalent, a silo may advantageously; be erected. Silage is feed pre- eminently suited to the feeding of dairy cattle. It, however, is a very excellent and cheap feed for beef cat- tle, sheep and horses, In the majority, of the best live stock districts in On facto and Western Quebec silos should be on every stock farm. In the Maritime Provinces. Eastern Quebec and British Columbia, all large stock farms, particularly of deity cattle, can use a silo to excellent advantage, If any particular district is not suited to corn growing, peas a.nd oats, peas, oats and vetches, clover, alfalfa, etc.,: may be substituted for that crop. In the Maritime Provinces silos on many farms, particularly on large stock farms, are operated satisfactorily. Silos For Winter Use: Silage at $3.50 per ton is cheaper cattle feed than mixed hay at $12 per ton. Corn equally true of unthreshed oats or ;oats and peas saved for winter feed. Silage from peas and oats produced milk 20% cheaper than oat sheaves, 30ee cheaper than straw and turnips and 40.'r. cheaper than hay. At the same cost per ton, silage is bettor feed than roots for beef or dairy cattle, ;Moreover, considering present labor conditions as well as cost of harvest- ing, keeping qualities and cost of stor- age, silage, where grown successfully, is more economical than roots. Sil- age needs no pulping or other pre- paration for feeding. Silage for win- ter use is in itself the cheapest feed, and it also makes all other roughages and grains more palatable, wholesome and profitable. Silos ForSummer Use: Good pas- ture, if available, is the cheapest sum- mer, feed. Where permanent pas- tures fail, an annually sown pasture of rye or oats and barley may,eander present labor conditions, be the cheap- est substitute. However, the use of soiling crops or summer silage may be the only available means of provid- ing succulents. As a rule, silage is more profitable and more cheaply harvested anti fed during the busy season. Milk produced on corn silage and green cut alfalfa' cost in feed 66% per cwt; produced on corn silage and mixed hay may cost 70c per cwt; produced on soiling crop (peas and oats) cost $1.04 per cwt. With all lots, the heavy milkers received some grain. Where suitable pastures are not available the summer silo provides the cheapest feed and greatest profits. Finally, the farmer with a silo need never fear losing a crop of clover, alfalfa alfalfa or late-sowngrain. Silage making does not depend on the shy- ness of the weather, The silo is the cheapest storage building on the farm in proportion to the tonnage capacity. The silo allows the carrying of more stock per acre on the farm and is a labor saver, a money maker and a soil. enricher. This is the season of the year to' build more and better silos, The Pink Peach Blossom.. Once upon a time, after a long, cold winter, there came a few days of warm southern breezes, and a stir of life and growing was felt in the air. In the old orchard the trees encourag- ed their buds to swell. and grow and on every hand there was planning for the new spring clothes. And they all worked hard --so hard that it was almost a week before they noticed the little, tiny peach tree over in the corner. "Well, well," said the old apple tree as soon as she noticed, ``aren't you go- ing to have any new spring ('tress? Don't you like new frocks?" "Oh, indeed I dol" exclaimed the peach tree, and she could not help be- ing pleased to have the apple tree notice her so kindly, "but you see, I. want a cress of my own, and I don't know how to make one." "A dress of your own, of course," said the apple tree, not quite und'er- etanding. "Now, you set to work and make one just like mine, pints and white and green," "Yes -s -s," replied the peach tree, "but--" "Maybe you don't like a pinlc and white and green dress," suggested the " , cherry tree; m t c n ee "maybe you'd lila one 'Y , Y Y i 'n like mine." "Yes -s -s," answered the peach tree, "huteee "Well," said the pear tree, `'make a white one like mine, they're the prettiest," "Yes -s -s," replied the peach tree, "but, but, you see --I think all your dresses are just beau�tiftel -but I want a pink one, An all -pink one. Just pink." "An all -pink dress!" exclaimed the pear tree. "Who ever heard efts like!" "That's a good idea," said the apple tree, who was the oldest and of course knew best what to say, "glut since you're so young and havelia tried making dresses before, why don't you, for this year, just draw tip all the moieture you can and drink alt the sunshine you can and work your !rest anti make Net any dress that you ran? 'Then, perhaps, next year • n a a ie ,k 'g b ' successfully repaired by cutting from of work. a remnant of new paper figures or I Ambitious: --If you have any talent groups of figures corresponding to whatever -_for public speaking or for those that need repairing. The out .giving demonstrations then by all line of the deeign should be care -means start something in your com- fully followed in cutting and the whole munity. Write to the Food Board for should be matched and pasted exactly.' copies of their various pamphlets and If the new paper is hung in the sun bulletins. Get yourself well inform - light till it is faded a bit the mended ed on the food question and then talk. place will escape the notice of even a', A teacher has now a splendid opport- critical observer. Without fading it: unity to bring home to the people in shows very little. 2. Oatmeal soup !rural communities the facts of the might fill the need you spe ': of, Take : food situation. Encourage the chil- two ounces medium or fines oatmeal, 1; clten to suggest ways of saving which onion, 1 carrot, 2 ozs. dripping, 1' will apply to their own homes, and quart of stock, ee, pint of milk and salt: receive reports each week on the sav- and pepper to taste. Wash and pre- ings accomplished. You will soon pare the vegetables, ot I find the parents, as well as the chil- i and peel and chop the onion finely.Idren, becoming interested, INTERNATIONAL LESSON JUNE 9. Lesson X. Jesus Faces Betrayal and Denial -Mark 14. 10-72. Golden Text, Mark 14. 38. Verse 17. When it was evening he cometh with the twelve -This is in an upper chamber in Jerusalem, intro- ducing the sixth day of the week - Thursday, between 3 and 12 .m., -- - -- , April 6, AD. 30 The Paschal lamb I P you may be able to make the pink frock that you want," The little peach tree thought that that was good advice. So she set to work Her very hardest and work- ' ed from morning until night, sending moisture and sunshine and warmth into her branches. And after a few days of working,. that little peach tree over in the cor- ner blossomed out in a brand-new dress -a pink dress, tool The very kind she had wanted most of all, "Thank you so much," she said ,blushingly to the apple tree when the old tree praised her beautiful appear-, ante. "It's kind of you to praise my frock. I'm so glad I took your ad-' vice. Now every year Pm going to work like this, and maybe all my spring dresses will be pink," 1 ' And indeed she has worked, for ever since that year the peach tree's spring dress has been pink. I --.0-e-- !was to be slain "at even" (Exod. 12. 16). The custom was not to kill it till after the evening sacrifice was of- 'fered. They were now all together for their last passover supper, 18. As they sat (reclined) -Origin- ally the Paschal lamb was to be eaten etanding (Exod, 12. 11). 19. They began to be sorrowful - What would have been a meal of good fellowship and blessed communion is now turned to an occasion of fear and suspicion and doubt. How unthink- able that one of his intimate friends who had been Itis companion should now hand him over to his enemies! As Jews they no doubt recalled the familiar passage in Psalm 41, 9: "Mine own familiar friend, in whom I trusted, who did eat of my broad, hath lifted up his heel against me." Is it I? -Better reading, "Surely it is not I, is it?" 20, He that dippeth with me in the dish -To dip in the dish was a sign of friendship. John's account states that John, at Peter's suggestion, ask- ed directly who was meant and that Jesus replied that it was he to whom he was about to give the soft (John 13. 22 24-26) This, then, was the sign, the selection of Judas to receive the bread which the Master would dip into the "charoseth," 21. The Son of man goeth-Re erring to his death. John frequent' used the word "go" with reference t t e death of Jesus (John 8, 14, 21) Even as it is written --Jesus' death was not a mere accident in his career, but the fulfillment of the purpose of God. Woe unto that man -Yet, the vee action and the responeibility of udas are not talsen away. Ho was not an irresponsible' instrument, sk ant though hie action is in the line of the fulfillment of God's purposes, Good were it for that man if he had not been born --Apologies have been made for Judas, suggesting that he all the time believed that Jesus would by an exhibition of, supernatural power eon- t found his enemies at the hour o:f be - tragal and rise in all the majesty of his 1 Messiabship. But the Gloom here spoken is definite and dreadful! The doom of a traitor, a plotter of evil, Hurd not words for heedless disciple. 22. As they were eating, he tools d tweed, and when ho had blessed it c. 1 I i I think it must somewhere be writ-' ten that the virtues of mothers shall,, occasionally, be visited on their chil- dren, as well as the sins of their lath- ers, -Dickens. Farmers who ship their wool. direct to us get better prices than farmers who sell. to the general store. ASII AI rARMiRI who has ao h s wool oth ways, and no a what e a - h s or, better r stir y write ua �or our prices; they will show you how much you lose by selling to the General Store, We pay the highest prices or any firm In the country an�pare the lar gest wool deniers in Canada, .Payment is re- tuittcd the same day wool Is received. slap eta your wool to lnq--yon will be more then pleased if you da, and are assured of a square deal frons us. 2 H. V. ANiJF21~WS 13 CHURCH ST., TORONTO 121 t, r elect• ,�cas..ccmzrsicewr�...eav 1 __..__ _ f t a a t. 1 f h i• f J Y 0 • is a violation of the principle of the interpretation of long usage to sup- pose that this was to be taken as the actual body. "I am the door," "I am the vine" are other instances of the metaphorical use of language precisely similar. 23. He tools a cup -Several cups were taken during the paschal meal. Some suppose it was the fourth cup, sines Luke and Paul state that it was "after the supper," (Luke 22, 20; 1 Cor. 11, 26.) 24. This is my blood -By '"this" is meant the wine in the cup which he gave to the twelve, and this wine is a symbolical representation of his blood. Of the covenant --Paul gives it, "This cup is the new covenant of my blood." (1 Cor. 11. 26.) The old covenant was of the law at Sinai. Moses (Exod. 24. 8) says: `Behold the blood of the covenant, which Jehovah hath made with you concerning all these words." Jesus institutes a new and better cov- enant than the one at Sinai, which was to be ratified by the blood of a better sacrifice. 25. I shall no more drink of the fruit of the vine -This is preceded by the solemn words, "Verily I say lento you." These were really farewell words. It was the last occasion on which Jesus would take part in the passover celebration. But, there is coming a time when all things are to be made naw, then there will be a passover of a newer and better kind and a fellowehip of a higher order. This will be in the consummation of the kingdom of God. It is in Paul's account that we •have tho definite in- stitution of the memorial supper and its destination to be observed still Christ comes (1 Cor, 11, 24-26), and the special injunction, "This do in re- nuonbranee of me." 26. When they had sung a hymn --- Some suppose this to have been Psalm 136, which is a psalm of praise to Jehovah for his goodness to Israel. Others are of the opinion that the "hymn" was the beautiful series of psalms 118-127, Unto the mount of Olives -They had usually retired to Bethany this week, as evening drew near, But this time they were not to reach Bethany ---for the culmination of the great tragedy was imminent. Judas had carried out his diabolical plan, Jesus goes no more into quiet retreat among his friends, but now be- comes the victim of the ra.ging chief priests and scribes. �^ Care and patience will cure the I cow if the proper methods are employed, One method is to pass a rope or strap with a loop in one end of t Around the 'body of the cow and draw it 'tight, The cow will usually ump at first, but when she finds silo cannot get out of the rope she will stand still, If this method causes the cow to give bloody milk, place the rope or strap behind the udder, and raw it tight as before. Another method is to hobble the ow by passing the rope around each eg behind the adder and tying just above the hocks. 'Phis method is a dangerous one, however, for the per- son tying the rope. After these me- thods have been repeated A few times the cow will stand quietly to be milk- ed, lere we have the institution of the ,ord's Supper. Opinion is divided s to when this oeeurred, but it is lean that it was in connection with he passover meal, The blessing was prayer of thanksgiving and eetting park. Gave to them --Distributing " them ens they were reclining, 'Phis s my body---Symbollees my body. It Improving The Lawn The lawn around the farm home fre, quenlly receives less care than is no cessary to ]ccep It in gaol condition, The grass runs out and is replaced in many spots by wends. It loses the thick rich appearance which improves the looks of the farm. 'Po bring a lawn bark into emalit ion the mowing sh(' begay, n e r- foreoutilv grainnsegetrls Ii%�nl>thand sptnuingglt.biIf the mowing is started berme the grass grows too long it will not be neves. I sary to rales up the cuttings. Raping a lawn injures the roots of the grass plants and the cuttings are valuable if allowed to fall down on the roots where they form a mulch which eon., serve+ moisture and keeps the lawn looking bright and green ht spite of the dry weather. We believe that some seeding is necessary every year to keep a lawn looking at its best. When making our garden seed order we always include a small order of lawn grass seed and use it to replenish any spots In tho Ilawn that seem to bo growing titin. This is less expensive than seeding the entire lawn every year and it ]teens up the atand of grass in a very satisfac tory manner. Some fertilizer will often be need ed to bring a lawn baelc into condi tion. We have found poultry manure mixed with earth to be very satisfac tory, 13y scattering it lightly over the grass it falls clown near the roots and furnishes them an abundance of plant food without giving the lawn the appearance of a freshly manured corn field. Many of the commercial ferti- lizers aro fine for lawns as they quick- ly furnish available pima food and have little odor. The care of the lawn mower is an important factor in the management of the lawn. Frequent oiling with a geed quality maehlue oil will pay. It is best to oil the mower loth before and sifter using. A sharp mower saves time and does a neat job on the lnwn. Some farmers have their lawn mowers sharpened by specialists in that work, but a very satisfactory edge can be placed on the blades with w good file and an abundance of elbow grease. The adjustment of the mod- err is important. It should not eut so close that ground is shaved nr the hot sun may kill many of the roots. It should not cut so lightly that the lawn needs the mower again in three or four days. Thr size of the mower should depend somewhat on the mem- ber of the fancily who is to be re- sponsible for the work. A strong man can use a large size mower and save time by cutting a wide swath at each trip. A boy should not attempt to work like a truck horse with a heavy mower or he will lose interest in the upkeep of tho lawn. If the boy is to mow the lawn it will pay to give him a mower that is not too heavy. Mowing lawns is usually the boy's job but it is not light work by any means, especially when the lawn and the mower have both been neglected. -G. S.R. y My Coal -Oil Cure -All, Coal oil is a' commodity found in every farm home, yet its many uses and benefits are known only to tl few people. I have saved many a fine wa- termelon patch from destruction by the striped beetle by mixing col oil and wood ashes -one part moat oil, by measure, to twenty parts ashes- rand putting it on the hills around the roots of the melons. The coal oil must not touch the vines, and one large spoonful to a hill is sufficient. The bugs will depart immediately. It should be repeated after each rain. A handful of coal oil and salt mixed and dropped into each mole run will cause them to change their location. A peck of lime thoroughly mixed with a gill of coal oil and spread lightly around the early cabbage plants will prevent the cutworms from destroy- ing them, When it is hoed in later, it seems to act as a fertilizer. With coal oil I cure scaly leg in chickens by applying it directly with a feather. I also find that a mixture of coal oil and lime used generotrly around over the chicken house will prevent mites. Headaches c es Duco Eyes. I y a. Many .farmers wonder why their heads ache after a lona day in the field. They blame the Lich food they ate, but nine times out of ten their eyes are causing the trouble. The farmer thinka because he does not .read a great deal that his eyes should not bother him, but a clay of plowing or of riding in the wind is as tiring to the eyes us of study, If all counties required a periodical medical examination of school chil- dren, hitdren, complaints of the young farmer would .be found and ailjusted. The farmer world then know the ailments of his children and incidentally find out for himself, A county health officer', working full (tint, should be employed in every county. He should test the eyes, ears, and noses of the children sari make all other necessary examinations, The health officer should peep care- ful watch on all epidemics that break out in the county. The employment of this officer would be a great economic saving to the county, Otte lease of typhoid fever caught in time will save ten other cases, As soon as this systemlis used by all counties the farmer will know his ailments, and, knowing how to treat thein, Ito will be a healthier, happier Inert. Q