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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Brussels Post, 1889-3-22, Page 3MARCH 22, 1889. numminaennaliononineseenewinneromenuermonmolmminewnew HOUSEHOLD, Ignorant Wives, It in an old theme, but one that cannot bo too often dieouuroed upon, the theme that the daughters of today aro not given the education they Should have in the practical duties of life, bho duties bhab pomp to most of them se mistresses of hamoo, au wives and mothers. Wo hear often enough of the no - amity of training aoboolefor servants, but lees is 'aid aboub the noceesity of a training eohool for mistresses and ono is needed ail much au the other, for there Is no doubt of the fact that the groat and over inareaeing hue and cry hoard about tee incompetency of servants arises from the an than so many mistresses aro a6 ipnoranb of the duties of Icituhen and the home in general, as are the servants whom they are expected to diroot.. In many nen it Is an attempt of the blind to lead the blind. To bo sure one Mara now of sowing oohoole and cooking eoheeli, the utility of whioh one dace not question, but the practical, every- day duties of life can bo learned only in the home, and they cousin in something mere than a knowledge of how to make angel oake and oyster patties. I once heard to young woman of almost bwentyfive, who was en- gaged to be married, say with a girlish gig. gle, that she never made a loaf of bread or swept a room in all her life. My sympathy went out to the man she was to marry. I heard anobhergirl say, "Oh, it's easy to keep housenowadaya when one can buy everything already 000kod, Why they even bring belt. ed beans and hot brown broad right to the door, and one can buy all sorts of canned things and get up a lovely meal at a mo- ment's notice," I don't know if she exacted to be married soon, bub I trust not. I have oaten some of these meals furnished ab a " moment's note ° ice " by the baker and tho grocer, and I feel sorry for the innocent victim of a woman who expects to feed her husband regularly on that kind of fare. " Society makes so many demands on one's time now, that women are compelled to hive leas attention to their homes than they once gave to bhem," I heard a woman say once in feeble excuse for the condition of things in her own badly ordered and half -kept home in whioh there was always a spirit of unrest and unhappiness. Is not the welfare, moral and phyaieal, and the happiness of a wife's husband and children of immeasurably greater copse. quenoe than all the " society'' on earth ? And when lb Domes to a knowledge of the solemn and seared duties of maternity it is almost appalling to know how utterly igno• rant many young mothers are. The story would be almost laughable if it were not so pitiful of the young mother who seemed to know simply nothing at all aboub the oars of her baby and when asked if her mother had r ever talked to her aboub that laws and duties of maternity,she said simply—"Oh, no ; mamma thoughit wasn't nice to talk about such things." Perhaps it is because I have no daughters of my own, all of my own ducks being drakes, a fact I greatly regret, thab I tt ink I know just how a daughter should bo train- ed. I kuow that I would think it a sin to send a daughter of mine to a home of her own as ignorant of its duties and of duty to herself and her husband as are so many wives of today.—(Good Housekeeping. When to USG the Fingers in _Eating. Ib is said that Cardinal Richelieu detected an adventurer who was passing himself off BS a nobleman, by hie helping himself to olives with a fork, because it was the cue - tom then, as it is now to help one'a self from the disb with the fingers, if an olive fork isnot provided, rather than to use one of a different pattern. Forks for the dish alone are now monufaotured and are very generally used, but after the olive baa reaohed the plate it is always carried to the mouth by tho fingers. Of oourso we are not referring to the stuffed olives which aro bottled in oil. Those who are very particular hold the large end of a spear of asparagus with a fork while with the tip end of a knife they daint- ily separate the tender green tope from the white end, whioh is then put aside. Others take the white end between the fingers and carry it to the mouth. Both are aureole bob the former is much more dainty and easily done. Celery is always taken from the dish and carried to the mouth by the lingers. If in- dividual salts are not provided, it ie eti• quette to use one half of the butter plate for eaib. If salt ehakars are used, held the eatery in the loft hand just over the rim of your plate and gently sprinkle it with Salt. and the old custom of putth.g a spoonful of salt on the cloth is still in practice, When corn is served on the cob fb must be taken in the fingers, only managed very daintily. We have Seen pretty little doy lies for the purpose of holding it, but it is a question if that is not carrying table lin• en too far. Many housekeepers, and cape• oially in the South, serve corn as ,,separate courae when finger bowls are planed by eaoh plate and removed with the oourse. Lettuce when served without dressing is always pulled to pieces with the fingers, Thiele ueuallythe lady's duty and there is no prettier picture than that of a young lady preparing a plate of young lettuce leaves in this way, for the tender green Shows off to prefeotion her dainty white hernia and she may bo be as exquisitely neat about ib as the likes, and 16 is one of the most fasoinan• ing and becoming of table duties that a host. see can pooeible provide for her lady guests, to aesi06 in helping the gentlemen to a so- cial or informal meal. Water cress fe also taken in the fingers and the prettiest way of serving it is to obtain a long low. sided basket or dish, in the bottom of whioh lay a folded napkin, then heap the Dross eo an to fill the basket and you have not only an enjoyable, but a very ornamental dish for the breakfast table, When a slice of lemon is served with fish or meat i6 is much more correct to take the alio° in the fiogere, double the endo together and gently squeeze the juice over the article than to use a knife, for that purpose, as is sometimes done, It is always proper to help one's self to bread, cheese, and lump sugar, if tongs aro nob provided, with the fingers. Never nee your own knife. fork or spoon to take from the dish. Ib is oleo correct if a plate of hob, unbroken bisouits is passed, to not only break off for yourself wibh your lingers, bub er your neighbor also, Ohoioe Receipts. ALatoom Icoi w.—Blauoh fifteen ounces of Jordon almonds and one ounce of bitter almonds; pound to a smo th ibno panto with two tablespoonfuls of ora g w r Water; then add one and quarter pound of con- fectioner's sugar, and four whitoo of eggs. pe andpound wall for gor ten min. An examination in the ublio oohoole Mix eight. p Ii uteri, and ice the oake. Put into at°vory glow" Professor to pupil t In whioh at los bottles be oven where ib should remain for 35 minutes 1 was Guggtavue Adolphus killed ?" Pupil, after L without acquiring any color./t i0 now ready refleobio o : "1 chink it was in hie last to to bo covered with plain icing, I battle." h 1 THE BRUSSELS POST. oroam tartar, and the whites of bbree eggs; beat with a wooden spoon 20 minutes, when Ib ohould be vory white and light, and on 'ening it run from the spoon, preserve its thread•liko appearance 3 or 4 minubee, Ice the oake, and when dry 1b may be erne. wonted. One can purnhsse funnels for the purpose of decorating iced cakes, with differ' ant shaped ends. In plaoe of no better funnel, make a cornucopia of stiff writing. paper ; 1111 ib with icing, and preoo i6 out ab bho small end, forming different ehapee a000rdin to tante over the oak g , n, Little centro pieces or leaves can always be put - chased ab the ocnfootioner'e to aid in the decoration, WEDDING CAVE.—Throe pounds each of flour, butter and sugar, six pounds of ratable, six pounds of ourrante, ono once each of nutmeg and oiunamon, half an ounce of cloves, a pound of citron, the grated peel and juioo of two lemons, and thirty eggs. Sbix the butter and sugar to a oroam, beat the yolks and whites of the eggs separately, and add them to the butter and augur, then by degrees pub in two-thirds of the flour, then the spice) and lemon -juice, and last bho fruit, mixed with the remaining third of the flour. Have the oibron ready out up, and when you have put a little of the cake into the pan, put in a layer of citron, then more cake, and again citron and cake alternately. This quantity will bake in one oake in five hours, in two cakes, three hours, The Haide Indians, Nota little of interest andromanooattaches itself to the Haida Indians of Queen Char- lotte lslanda, from a tradition which exists, that their ancestors earn°, originally, in canoes from a country far to the southward. Ib is said that they were many moons on the voyage, that they landed at many pointe on the way—like .tdinean and his Trojans of clan- k story—and that they were repelled by savage natives, or ill omens, till, finally, they reaohed these outlying islands where they established themselves, built villages and fashioned new canoes from the huge yel- low codar•trees whioh here reach their great- est eine. lb hi supposed by same travellers that these exiles, seeking a home and a country, were a remnant of the mighty Aztoo people of Mexico, conquered by Cortez and hie Span- ish cavaliers, and that after the tragic fall of Tenochtitlan, the Aztec capital of Mexico, a band of fngibives made its way down to the west coact and came northward. Certain it is that the Haidae mush excel the other Indian tribes of the north west coast, in warlike grit it, physique and ingenuity. They are now often seen at Sibka, Viotoria and Puget Sound ports, hut still olaim the Queen Charlobte Wanda as their home, Wnat gives the legend of their origin some degree of probability is the art they possess in carving and engraving in stone, wood, bone, silver, copper and gold. As nearly as can be ascertained, the praobiee of carving the huge totem poets whioh form so odd and striking a feature of the Indian villages along thio coast originated with the Haidae. There is something in the grotesque sculp- ture and imagery on these totems suggestive of Aztec art, as seen in the museum at city of Mexico. Not even civilized art texoeede the skill displayed by the Flaidas in carving plates, platters, tureens, miniature totems and animal groups of statuary from solid, fine-grained black elate ; for itis done with such skill, finish, and good taste in design that a single platter or group often com- mends forty or fifty dollars. More remarkable yet is the skill exhibit ed by these people in the modelling and construction of large canoes from bbe trunks of the gigantic yellow cedars, which, on the Queen Charlotte Islands, attain a diameter of seven and even ten or twelve feeb—for Queen Charlotte's is the Lebanon of the northwest coast. From a single cedar log the Heiden fashion a canoe, sometimes seventy-five feet long, with a breadth of seven or eight foeb, a craft capable of carrying fifty persona, a good sailor, seaworthy and safe for a voy- age of hundreds of miles on the open en. The prows of these hgue 0an000 are often curved upward in a formidable war beak, and decorated like the galleys of clank times. Ib will, indeed, be an interesting dhow - erg in ethnology if the arts of these west coast Biddies can be traoed to their source in that peculiar Aztec civilization of early Mexico, which Cortez and theconquistador e cruehed so ruthlessly three hundred and seventy years ago. One Million Dolle. A few weeks ago we spoke of the phone graph dolls which Mr. Edison is now invent• ing, and the Boston Journal has the follow- ing additional facts about their manufacbure and Bale : Imagine for one momenb one million dolls 1 Placed aide by tide theywould almost extend around Boston Common. And yet this num ber, it is a lid, has been ordered, and what re still more alarming, these charming little tote are all to be fitted internally with pho. nogtaphe invented by Edison. Touch a spring and they begin, some to sing, some to pray and some to scold. They can be made to talk in any fangnage, and sing secular mueio or anthems. .i6 is true they will keep on0inging the tune and repeating the same so - Weepy, which may become tedions in time. To obviate this there can be an interchange of dolls. The pet whioh sings "Home Sweet Home," o n Commonwealth Avenue, can be sent on a visit to Beacon Street, and the doll exchanged will recite, " How doth the little busy bee." It le said that one million of these dolls are to be manufactured by a company whioh hes a stook valuation of two millions of dcllare. One million of done ate6eaeh will bo 35,000, 000, and this is the number that the market of the Northern States Hill absorb. The amount to be derived from the rest of the world can be imagined. The Phonographio Doll Company will be listed in Benton and New York, and dailyquotations of the stook will be given. Toe possibilities of this nom. parry are beyond Calnmeb and Heda, Tamo. reek, Pullman Palace Car Company, or even the Chemical Bank of New York, dtleas6 monthly dividends will bedeolarod, and the doll mania will never die out;'booauss, if you tire of hearing, "Tho boy stood on the burning deck," you can exchange it at the headquarters of theoompany, paying aelighb compensation, for one whioh will ask you, "Why should the spirit of mortal bo proud?" Childless couples can have a fetidly of these dolls, aid oven old bachelors may bo able to realize with Tupper that "a tabs i n the house is a wellspring of pleasure." The load linittge and piping of the recent. ly discovered Roman baths, in Bath, ling - land, were found to be in a wonderfully good state of preservation. WARNER ON CANADA Extracts Prom Hr, Warner's Letter In O per's. CANADIANS 011ABAOTEIt15ED-.. A DISTIN TYPE—HEI'rlaxrl ENGLISH NOR AM0n10AN, I have been told that the Canadian,, u second-hand Englishmen. No optima could oonvey a more eironemo impreoslc A portion of th p n o people have strongEn li traditions and loyaltiestito fostituons,, b in manner and in expectations the Candia are scarcely more 1pgliah than the poop of the United Staten; they have their o Monied development, and one can ma already with tolerable distinctness a Can dian type thou is neither English nor Arne can. This is noticeable, eepeolally in t women. The Canadian girl resembles t American in escape from a purely eonve tions] restraint and in self-reliance, and e has, like the English, a well.modulit voice and onetime articulation. In the oitie also, she bas taste in dross and a aorta style whish we think belongs to the Ne World. In features and notion a aorta modification has gone on, due partly climate and partly to greater modal ind pendenoe. It is unnecessary to make 00 ;nieces, and I only note that there is Canadian type of woman. But there is great variety in Canada, an in fact a remarkable racial diversity. man of Nova Bootie is not ab all the man British Columbia or Manitoba, The Soot in old Canada have made A DISTINCT IMPRESSION N FEATURES AN MICR are OT re 60 n, eh ub 08 le wn rk a. he he n - he ed b, in w in to m- d The of oh D And f6 may be said generally in Eastern Canada that the Scotch element is a leading and conspicuous one in the vigor and push of enterprise and the accumulation of for. tune. The Canedion men, as one sees them in c'moial life, at the clubs, in business, are markedly a vigorous, etalwarb race, well made, of good stature, and nob seldom hand- some. This physical prosperity needs to be remembered when we consider the rigorous climate and the long winters; these seem to have ab least one advantage—that of breed- ing vivile men. The Canadians generally are fond of outdoor ,,porta and athletic games, of fishing and hunting, and they give more time to such recreations than we do. They are a little leas driven by the business goad. Abundant animal spirits tend to make men good•natured and little quarrel- some. The Canadians would make good soldiers. There was a time when the drink- ing habit prevailed very much in Canada, and there are still places where they do not put water enough in their grog, butTemper- anoe reform bas taken lie strong a bold there as i6 has in the United States THE FEELING ABOUT TDB ENGLISH is illustrated by the stotment that there is not more aping of English ways in Montreal and Toronto clubs and serial life than in New York, and that the English anperoiliouenese, or condescension as to colonists, the ultra. English manner, is ridiculed in Canada, and resented with even more warmth than in the United States. The amusing stories of English presumption upon hospitality aro current in Canada as well as on this aide. All this is not inconsistent with pride in the empire, loyalty to ite traditione and institu- tions, and even a considerable willingness (for human nature is prety much alike every- where) to accept decorative titles. But the underlying fast is that there is a distinot feeling of nationality and itis increasing. FRENCH CANADIANS—TEE 1° SOLID ' FACTOR IN POLITICS OVER THE BORDER. Perhaps nothing will surprise the visitor more than the persistence of the French type in Canada, and naturally its aggressiveness. Guaranteed their religion, laws and language, the French have not only failed to assimilate, but have had hopes—maybe still have—of making Canada.Frenah. The French "nation- al " party moans simply a French oonsolida• tion, and bas no relation to the "nationalism" of Sir John Macdonald. So far as the Church and the French politicians are concerned, the effort is to keep the French solid as a political force, and whether the French are Liberal or Conservative, this is the under• lying thought. The Province of Quebec, is Liberal, but the Liberalism is of a different hue from that of Ontario. The French reco- gnise the truth that LANGUAGE IS SO INTEGRAL A PART of a people's growth that the individuality of a people depends upon maintaining it. The French have escaped absorption in Cara ada mainly by loyalty to their native tongue, aided by the oonooseion to them of their civil laws and their religious privileges. The French have always bean loyal to the English connection under all temptations, for these guarantees have been oontinued, whioh could scarcely be expected from any obiter power, and certainly nob in a logia• lative union of the Canadian Provinces. In literature and sentiment the connection is with France ; in religion, with Rome ; in politics England has been the guarantee of both. There will be no prevailing Benti- menb in favor of annexation to the United States so long as the Churoh retains its authority, nor would it be favored by the aomompliohed politicians so long as they can use the solid French moss a5 polrbioal foroe, VIE VIRTUAL RULER OF OANADA—MR, WAR- NER'S IMPRESSIONS OF SIR 50HN MAO. DONALD, For many years Sir John Macdonald has been virtually the ruler of Canada. He has had the ability and skill to keep his party in power, while all the Provinces have re- mained or b000ine Liberal. I believe his continuance is due to his devotion to the national idea, to the development of the country, to bold measures—like the urgency of the Canadian Pacific' railway construe• tion—for binding the provinces together and promoting oommeraial a0tivity. Canada ie proud of this, even whi'e it counts ft0 debt. Sir John is worshipped by hie party, especially by the younger men, to whom he furnishes an ideal, as a statesman of bold conceptions and courage. He is disliked as a politioien as cordially by the Opposition, who abbribute to him the same policy of adventure that was attributed to Beacons- field, Personally he, resembles that re markable man. Undoubtedly Sir John adds prudence to his knowledge of men, and his habit of never ermine a stream 6111 he Geta to f6 has gained him the sobriquet of "01d To -morrow. He is a man of bho world as well as a man of affairs, with a Wide and liberal literary taste. A FORCE TI5AT MANES FOR ANNEXATION— LABOR OROANIZATI0N5 IN THE DOMINION, Those are in affiliation with those in the United States and most of them are inter national. The plumbers, the bricklayers, and stonemasons and stonecutters, bho Typo- graphioal Union, the Brotherhood of Ca- nters and Joiners, the wood-oarvers, the nights of Labor, ate affiliated ; there 10 anon of the Brotherhood of L000mobive ngineers in Canada, the railway conduo• ro, with delegates from all our Status, e d their oonforenee in Toronto last eum• er, The Amalgamated Soolety of Carlen - with headquarters In Maooheetar, bub it has an Exeoutivo Committee in New York, with whioh all the Canadian and American soul• sties communicate, and it austaine a poriodi• eel In New York. 'The Sooioty of Amalgamat• ed Engine Builders hue its office In London, but there is an American branoh, with which all the Canadian so•ietice work in hurmony, The Cigarmakers' Union be American, bub a strike of oigormakore in Toronto was anp. ported by the American ; so with the plumb. ere, It may bo said generally that the soot nice ouch side the lino will sustain eaah other, The trade organizations are also taken up by women, and these all affiliate with the United Statue, WHEN A "NATIONAL" UNISN affiliates with one on the other Bids the name is ohanged to "International," Tble union and interchange draws the laborers of both nations Moor together. From my best in formation, and notwithstanding the denial of some politicians, the Canadian unions have lova and sympxthy for and with Amer. ion, And this fueling meet he reckoned with in speaking of the tendency to Annex- ation. The pi mint train reenacted Mayor of Toronto is a tredo unionist and has a seat in the Local Parliament us a Conservative ; he was once arrested for picketing for some ouch trade union performance, I should not say bhab the trades unions are in favor sf Annexation, bub they are not afraid to die. cues it, There ie in Toronto a society of a hundred young men, the greater part of whom are of the artisan aloes, who meob to discuss questione of economy and polities. One of their subjects was Canadian Indepen• denim. I am told that there io among young men a considerable desire for Independence, accompanied with a determination to be on the beeb terms with the United States, and that s between a connection with Great Britain and the United States they would prefer the latter. In my own observation the determination to be on good terra with the United States is general in Canada ; the desire for Independence is not. AFTER-7110IM ITS ON "RETALIATION"—TUE REAL FEELING 010 TIM SUBJL+CT IN CANADA I happened to be in Canada during the fishery and ''Retaliation" talk. There was no belief that the "Retaliation" threatened was anything more than a campaign meas- ure ; it may have chilled the rapport for the momenb, but there was literally no ex- citement over it, and the opinion was gen- eral that Retaliation as to transportation would benefit the Canadian railways'. The effect of the moment was that importers made large foreign orders for goods to be nab by Halifax that would otherwise have gone to United States porta. The fishery Question is not one that can be treated in the space at our command, Naturally Can- ada sees it from its point view, To a con- siderablo portion of the Maritime Provinces fishing means livelihood, and the view is that if the United States sharee in it We ought to open our markets to the Canadian fishermen, borne, indeed, and those are generally advocates of freer trade, think that our fishermen ought to have the right of entering the Canadian harbors for bait and shipment of their catch and think also bhab Canada would derive an tquai benefit from this ; but probably the general feeling is that these privileges should be COMPENSATED BY A UNITED STATES 1IARE.ET. Thedefenme of the treaty in the United States Senate debate was not the defence of the Canadian Government in many particulars. For instance, it was said that the "outrages" bad been disowned as the ants of irrespons- ible men. The Canadian defence was that the "outrages"— that is, the most conspicu- ous of them which appeared in the debate had been disproved in the investigation. Several of them, whioh excited indignation in the United States, were de-lared by a Cabinet Minister to have no foundation in fact, and after proof of the falsity of the al- legations, the complainants were not again heard of. Of course it is known that no ar- rangement made by England can l 1d that is nob materially beneficial to Canada and the 'United States ; and I believe I state the beat judgment of both sides that the whole fishery question, in the hands of sensible re. presentatrves of both countries, upon nicer• tinned facts, could be settled betweenCanadl add the United States. It is not natural that, with Er gland conducting the negotia- tions, Canada ohould appear as a somewhat irree oneible litigating party bent on scour• ing all that she can get ? But whatever the legal rights are, under treaties or the law of nations, I am sere that the absurdity of mak- ing a came belli of them is as much felt in Canada as in the United States. And 1 be- lieve the Canadians understand that this attitude is oonsietent with a firm mainteu- anoe of treaty or other rights by the United St 'tea as ib is by liana* THE FUTURE OE CANADA—DEVELOPMENT ON THE LINE OF BRITISH CONNECTION. If one would forecast bite future of Can- ada, he needs to take a wider view than personal preferences or the agitations of local parties. The railway development, the Canadian Paoifio alone, has changed within five years the prospects of the polibi• cal situation. Ib has brought together the widelyseparatod Provinces, and has given a new impulse to the aenbimenb of nation silty. 16 has produced a sort of unity which no Aob of Parliament could ever create, But it has done more than this ; it bas changed the relation of England to Canada, The Dominion is felt to be a much more im• portanb part of the British Empire than it was ten years ago, end in England within less than ten years there has been a revolu- tion in oolonial policy. With a line of fast steamers from the British Iolanda to Hali- fax, with lines of fast steamers from Van. couver to Yokohama, Hong Kong and Aus- tralia, with an all -rail transit, within Brit- ish limits, through an empire of magnificent eapaeibiee, offering homes for any possible British overflow, will England regard Can- ada as a weakness? Itis true bhab on this Continent the day of dynasties is over, and that the people will determine their own plaoe. But there are green commercial forcer, at work that cannot be Ignored, which neem etroog enough to keep Canada for along time on her present line of development in British oonneetion.—Charles Dudley War nor, in Harper's Magazine for Marob. Colonel Denison's course in mending a boy to jail for ten days for stealing newspapers from house doors, was severe oortainly, but kerhaps nob too severe. Pilfering of that ind needs to bo put down with a high hand both because it is an injury to theee who pay for the papete, and nob infrequently leads to undeserved disgrace for the route boys, who are an honest, hardworking and Mei race of laborers. I6 fs a pity, however, that the young thief could nob have been sent to some outer plaeo than the common jail where he will be kopb idle and forced into close oompanionehip with older and more hardened arhninals, eo that the ohanoos aro all in favour of his coming out of jail a mush worse boy than when he en- tered ib. Of oourso the Magistrate had no. whore else to send him, but the fact empha- sizes the necessity for our ilhilanbhropio IonNm.—/Taos ono pound of confectioner's The etriko of weaves at Fall /liver, m oand citdcos and law makers to bestir themsebvol sugar in a bowl with a level teaspoonful of Maes„ shown no new developments, torn and Joiners in a British aosooiation, consider what can bo dorso to meet wall oases, AUSTRALIA, Fuels About the Wonderful island Curitlnw,t, Australia contains an area of about 3,00 000 square miles, or nearly that of 61 United States exclusive of Alaska. Owl to its position at the antipodes of the ofvlli ed world, thisoont111am was longer uokna than any other country of similar extent, Ib wan first \daited during the oeveutese century, and in the latter half of the eigh teen th century was explored along the eons while in 1788 oolnnization began by th transportation of a shipload of admirals Porb Jaokson. The Interior of the Count is a plateau studded with groups of oma mountains, and there are higher range parallel to the east end wast coast, Thor are some exoelleot and largo harbors in va loos parte of the count, but the greater pa of the shore on the north, the west, and th south, is low and sandy, Nearly all aroun the coast and the sash part of the oontt.nen is doh grazing 5500(0y, well adapted b the rearing of sheep, of whioh there wer 64,500 000 in 1887, Sheep farming le th most important branoh of industry in th country. Speaking generally, one of th most notable characteristics of the continen is its reamity of rivers and fresh water lakes There are few rivers of any oonsidorabl size along the whole coast line of 800 miles, and in one strip of nearly 1500 mile on the soutbeoast there is not a single wate course. There are many small Moe, bu numbers of them are salt, and those bhab ar fresh are more like marshes than lakes, be ing dependent for their supplies of water on the rivers and floods in the rainy season, 0,. 10 ng 0. know th b - t, 0 to r 11 e r - rt a e 0 0 6 0 r • 0 The entire central part of the continent isa plain, eo destitute of water courses as to be almost s desert. The continent of Aum- tralia,extendiog over twenty-eight degrees of latitude, has, of course, considerable div °rattles of climate, but far less then those of any other great country. In the southeast- ern parb the rainfall is pretty good, and the heat of the summer season ie tempered by the sea breezes. The mean annual temper- ature is 64.4 deg. Fahr, The province of V ioboria has a similar mild character much like Southern Europe. The mean temper- ature through the year at Melbourne is 58.8 deg. Fehr. The central and western parts of the oontinenb, however, are very dry and intensely hot in the summer months. Tim continent of Australia is divided into true colonies —New South Wales, Victoria, Queensland, South Australia, and Western Australia. In the mountains minerals abound, comprising geld, copper, iron, and coal in large quantitiee, silver, mercury, tin, zinc, and others in lesser amount. All the Battled portions of the country are intersect- ed by railways, extending to nearly 6000 miles, and with about 56,056 miles et tele. graphio wire, connecting all the principal towns. The productions of the different ooloniesinclude wheat and all other grains, with all the vegetables and fruits of temper- ate climes, The total population of A 2, bralfa was estimated in December, 1888, 800, 886. e. Photographing a Snow -storm. A certain artist in a New England town had a laughable and yet a somewhat vex- atious experience lamb winter wbile attempt- ing to photograph a snow -storm. One after- noon in midwinter he nae gratified by just suoh a snowfall as he had desired; the large, white flakes, heavy with moisture, drifted slowly, lazily down to earth. Mr. Tracy, the photographer, made rapid preparations for his picture, for these "robin snows," as they are too ally termed, are of brief duration. To add vividness and the llfe-touoh to the scene, he summoned a half- dozen village boys to simulate a game of snow bailing. He arranged the lads in proper position, snowballs in hand, a few yards from the camera, and then explained to them that when he gave the signal, "One, two, three, firet" they must all, at the same time, throw their snowballs. "Throw hard, Mil you meant to hit Boma• thing," be added. Mr, Tracy either failed to make hie mean - Inc plain, or the,roguish boys purposely misunderstood. When everything was in readiness, the photographer retired to his camera, arrang- ed his sensitive plate, gave a final look at the boys, and then, as he put his haul on the top -shutter, he called out : "Now look ab axe 1 One, two, three, fire 1' The boys did firs l Every one of them threw his snowball at the camera I They had aimed well. The apparatus bumbled over into the snow, and the artisb, dodging to avoid the missiles, slipped and wont down with in, and bhere for a half -minute ho floundered in the snowy depths, struggling to regain hie feet. The boys looked on in dismay, feeling an irresistible desire to laugh; and then, fearing the consequences of the nob for themselves, they took to their heels. The photographer finally extricated him- self. Ho was very angry at first, and had the boys been there, itis quite possible some of them might have felt hie indignation; but they had for the time escaped, so he pioked up hie camera, and fortunately found nothing broken or injured. Intanbaneous photography, too, had triumphed; the sen- Bitive plate had the image of the anow•atorm the boyo wibh their half -eager, half•rougish exproesionei and the snowballs just leaving tbeir hands. Mr. Traoy's angor gradually cooled, as be viewed the porfeob picture, and then the ludicrousness of the Doone dawned upon him. "The only revenge I ever took on those boys," he said to the writer, as he finished the story, "was bo make each of them buy one of those photographs at fifty Dente," The Leaven Worked. "George Washington Johnson, standup." "Yes, sah, Judge—yes, yer honah," °' Did you steal the chicken ?" " Well, you see, Judge, it was die way, I I went to ohurob, and de pa'son lie preached a sermon 0n---" ; t " What itas that gob to do with stealing ohiakens?" is "I wan gwino to tall yo, alb. Ye see, the t meson preached a powerful sermon 00 steal. ing, and hind 0' waked me up to my sits, oak. A 116610 leaven, salt. Ite told all about ib, Ho said that the leaven would work and' stake saints of all who board do breesed I Word, and -n b "Bub did you steal the ohiekeue?" "I gwine to tall yor, Judge, as fast as I 1 OM, Der leaven begun to work ; bub it was like Aunt .Dinait's yeast, mighty slow at' t lazy, and fore it gob its work in I done tole 3 INTERESTING ITEMS, Li Hi le the name of the King of Korea, He ought to make a One campaign ducu. menti, Prince Ktlyakara, Rabipatanasak, Pro. vifvetlmoon, and Chiraprovat sons of the King of Siam, ragging in age from 13 to 10 years, are about to come to England eo complain their educations. They ah•esdy speak JN'aglisb fluently. :The road r of Marriage r1 a is sometit , t,,sd- pieced as' a very rough g ono to travel, bub the newly wedded Emperor of China, es bound to be well shod for ell evontuailtias, No fewer than two hundred and sixty psirs of boots having boon made fur that young brid0.�room, The expanse of telegraph wires on some of the streets of this city fa beaomiag more and more ominouety Imposing, and what is to be done about it, ie a very Bedews guanine, We trust that the pilgrimage to New Yore, which a few of oar aldermen have taken in order to get some light on the subject, will have good results. By all means let us have these wires underground, if the thing be at all possible. Itis such occurrences as that at So. George, whioh riblike the conventional veneer from the outside of obaracter and reveal more human auburn in tan minutes bban would b vs' Dome to the surface 1001 many years under ordinary circumstances There are fest natures who can stand th test 5o well, and come out of the furnace more gloriously then woe the can wibh Mis Aggie Nicholson, of Hamilton, who prove herself a real heroine on that awful night. The rumour goes that Professor Watson of Queen's College, Kingston, has a good °liana° of being called to succeed Professor Young in the metaphysical abair in Univer- sity College. As good a choice probably as could be made. Mr. Watson already has a high reputation in educational circles in this country, and hie knowledge of the subject ie excellent. Qeeoo'e no doubt would be loth to lose him, and strong efforts would be made to keep him whare he is. The pros and sons of the underground system of laying electric wires in eines were warmly discussed this week at the meeting of the National Electrical Aes000istion. There was anything but unanimity of opin- ion on the pars of the experts. The com- mittee appointed at the cant meeting to ex- amine the underground system reported that they ormmunioated with all the electric light companies in the United States and found thee in all or nearly all inatancea de- fective insulation and definitive mechanical construction had interfered mush with the electric currents. Oa the other band, Prof. Barrett, city eleotrioian of Chicago, pro- nounced the underground eyatem in his city, where it has been in operation for five or six years in the ales of electric light wires and thirteen years in the case of telegraph wires a " big success." Mr. Waters has again failed to carry his measure for the enfranohieemenb of women, but he is not discouraged and he need not he. Of course, there is still a good deal of email wit indulged in by those who think that the only thing women aro good tor is to " suckle slaves and ohroniole small beer.'' That is an experience through which every great change and improvement has to pass. But the ohmage comes all the same, and the dreadful prophecies are not fulfilled. If the great majority of women don't want bho tranohise and would not use ib let them take their own mind on it. But that is no reason why justice should not be done or why women should nob get fair play. We rave no fear about the disastrous results likely to flow from the dreaded innovation. Any thing worse than the way in whioh eleotioos have been conducted by men could nob be well imagined, and the heavens will nob fall though women should have a nay in the election of those who are to make laws for them. There are of course many who hold that man is esoenbially a fighting animal and that he wilt continue to be this to the end of the chapter, We, however, rather believe then what is spoken in the Bible about the reign of truth and pease and righteousness is not d°edined to turn out a falsity and an illusion, - The quantity of foolish and un- founded platitudes whioh have been uttered aboub the enobling influence of war is of course immense. But after, all what is war bub a repeal of the Ten Commandments? The business of the soldier may bo a necessary one but it is very damnable all the same. In short, to bear a great many professed ohriatians talking, one would conclude that Jesus Christ had never lived. bad never spoken and had never died, Their whole code of morals and of polity are so essen- tially heathenish, than one in almost tempted to think. that those are not far out of the way who tell us that Roman Paganism has again come bask and is re -enthroned, while the Sermon on the Mounb ie 6o all intents and purposes repealed. "Love your enemies I Do good to them that hate you, and pray for them that despitefully use you, and pereeonte you I" Bub who believes that? Has any one met wibh any body who does ? Ib is all very well in churcb, and for an hour or two on Sundays; but in the market plane, and for all the rent of the week—hem—" en. amiss " and "haters"had bettor look out. If they get a blessing we would like to listen to its wording, and look for a momenb ab the heart whioh utters the benediction. In these days the "Peace and good will of Christmas chimes sounds ebrangely as exs plained, and illustrated by Anti -Poverty tirades and blood -thirsty threateninge. Complaints have been made, and with some reason, aboub the Central Prison method which compels the prisoners for want of more ueeful work, to wheel sand from one part of the yard to another. It is imperative of outgo that the men should he kept busy, but a much better plan it seems to US than snob objeebiess, brute -like work ab treadmill nand-wbesliug would be to put them through a stern 'course of sproute " in the shape of military drill. Why not fasten a weight upon their shoulders, which would be an equivaleob to the heavy marching order of soldiers, and set them to earn the manual exercise, to hold their heads up, to keep their banks straight, their toes tamed out and their eyes right, to march bank and forward, bank and forward, law atop, gniok atop, double quick, o wheel, form fours, mark time, and mnoh else of the same sort, all of whioh hes not only tho virtue of giving needful physical exercise, but hes mental and aboral bend.. dial tendencies whioh criminals need. On the theory that punishment ought to bo re• medial AS well as penal much more might a maid for such treatment as this than for the purely mechanical and gin horse, eau11050, abasing monotony° purposeless sand toting And a stntflarcourse would be advantageous o the prisoners at the ,jail who spend the do ohiokons. But/ Weber do go no me', nest of their time in absolute fdleneos whioh De leaven will work BOW and I done steal to 1 ma chickens. You heals me, Judge 4' W "Then you think the leaven will work, Mt, ' d Johnson?" j "Yes, soh." 1 o "So do /, 'Coven days, ball the next ease." [San Francine Cali,; d e hurtful both to body anmind. 11 they ere put through five arsix hours, drill every ay they would be all the bettor for it. Ib would give them sbmething to do, and some f the jail ofiioials aro not so very buoy but that pert of their time could be occupied fn Ituch 8 way to good advantage,