HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Brussels Post, 1892-3-11, Page 7MARCH 31, 1892.
TUE BRUSSELS POST.
PARLIAM.uNT VS, CONGRE83.
I.tt netereettaa raper by Cor, .1, 41. Atout•Ithol.
])r. J. G. 13ourinot, C. M, 0., le L, D„
the famous authority on cunetttlttion al law
ieotnred the other evooing before the grad u.
atee' meaty of McGill university, M"ntroal,
taking for his subject "" Perliame .tory Com.
pared with Cougrees!Onal (government,' l -Ie
commend by eaytng that it would not pro.
bably be <litlicule for him to choose a subject
whioh would give more scale for elrquenee
andhumor but he did not think would
um t 1
1 n
bo possible to invite the oonsu creno of his
audience to a mattor more deserving of their
earnest nttouWon than one affecting the core.
4 s country. Indeed, in these
0titation of t u e1
days the subjeet is asnenung an utumel fm•
portant), end it would be folly for a Cana.
diau to pretend to humor when we see so
touch reason for gravity anti regret. Canada
is uow entering on a crucial period of her
constitutional history, when she is forced to
grapple with grave questions ali'ootiv' hoe
social, moral out material condition -
with vital questions connected with her
political stability and fitnuie position among
the communities of the world ; and it la the
imperative duty of the young omen of this
country, to give the closest study to our
constitutional system -to gee in what re-
spects it is strong, in whet ways it is weak -
so that they may be better able to deal vig-
orously andrationally with the diflicnitioe
of the present and the problems of the
future.
It is especially important to Canadians to
needy the development of the institutions of
the United Staten, with the view of taking
advantage of their useful experiences and
avoiding the defocte that are inherent in
thee' system. All institutions are more or
len on trial in a country like Canada which
is working out importune prooleme of politi-
cal aricnae, under decided advantages, since
the ground is relatively new and the people
have before thorn all the experiences of the
world, especially of England and of the
United Stator, in whose systems Canadians
have naturally the deepest interest, The
history of reeponeible or parliamentary goy.
ernment affords smother illustration of a
truth which stands out clear in the history
of nations, that those uonatitutions which of
e flexible character, and the natural growth
of the experience of ceutnriee, end which
have been created by the necessities end
eouditions of the times, possess the elements
of real stability and best insure the pros-
perity of a people. The great source of the
strength of the institutions of the United
States lies in the fact that they have work-
ed out their government in accordance with
certain principles which are essentially Eng-
lish in their origin, and have been naturally
developed eiuce their fouudat.ion as colonial
settlements, and what weaknesses their
system shows have chiefly ariseu from new
methods, and from the rigidity of tbei
eonatitutional rules of law which separate
too closely the executive and the legislative
branches of government. The system that
prevails in the United States divides all the
powers of government among so many au.
thoritiea, and places so teeny checks on each
that responeibllity is weakened, and the
unity and effective operation of government
seriously unpaired. Parliamentary goy.
ernment, briefly speaking, is a system of
responsibility to the Crown or in represent.
ative, and to the Legislature, which is prac-
tically supreme during its legal existence,
only controlled by the prerogative right of
the Crown to dismiss its advisers and dis-
eol'e the parliament on occasions of grave
put lic necessity. Cougreasional government
rs n syetotn under which Congress controls
legislation, and administration nu essential
respects, by means of its numeroo0 commit-
tees, without the enormous advantage of
having advisers of the executive -that's, of
the president -to direct legislation and
otherwise control the practical operation of
government. The Canadian as compared
with the United. States system is numb
more in the direction of popular liberty, of
Popular sovereignty, mud of efficient gov-
ernment.
The special advantages of the Canadian
or English system of parliamentary govern-
ment may be briefly summed up. The Gov-
ernor -General -or a lieutenant -governor of
a province -hie cabinet, and the people's
house, aro governed in Canada as in Eng-
land, by a system of rules, conventions and
understandings which enable them to work in
harmony with one another. The Crown, the
cabinet, the legislature and the people have
respectively certain rights and powers
which, when properly and c0netituttoually
brought into operation, give strength and
elasticity to our system of government. Dis•
mieeal of, a ministry by the Crown under
grave conditions, or resignation of a minis.
try defeated in the popular house, bring into
play the prerogative of the Crown, In all
cases there must be a ministry to advise the
Crown, assume responsibility for its a0ta
and obtain the support of the people and
their representatives in Parliament. As a
last resort, to bring into harmony the pen.
plea the legislature and the Crown, there
is the exercise of the supreme prerogative of
dissolution. A governor, acting always
under the advice of responsible ministers,
may, at any time, generally speaking, grant
an appeal to the people to test their opinion
on vital public questions and bring the lob+-
islative into accord with the public mind.
In short, the fundamentalprinci leaf popu-
lar sovereignty lies at the very basis of the
Canadian system. On the other hand, in
the United States the President and hie
Cabinet may be in constant conflict with
the two Houses of Congress during
the four years of his term of nffiou,
His Cabinet has no direct influence
with the legislative bodies, since they havo
no seats therein, and the political complex-
ion of Congress door not elToet their tenure
of office, since they depend only on the favor
awl approval of the Executive. Dissolution,
whioh Is the safety valve of the English or
Canadian System -in its existence an ap-
peal from the leg(il to the political son -
reign -is not available under the c011atitu-
tiou of the United States, In it political
crisis the constitution provirles no adequate
solution of the dill -lenity during a fere:m ien.
tial tern In this respect the people of the
United States aro not sovereign as they arc
in Cantle,
A ministry under responsible gnve•nntent,
baying control of the finances end taxes end
all matters of adminatretiou, aro db'ocily
amenable to Parliament and annum' or later
to the people, for the meaner in whioh
they have discharged their public functions
All important Measures aro initiated by
then, and of every question of public in -
threat they are bound to havo a definite
policy if they wish to retain the 00)111denee
of the Le iejinure. f(Sveti i11 the case of pri.
vete legislation they aro also the gnee:liens
of the public interests arid responoil to tar
Parliament: and the people for any neglect, in
this particular, On the other ]land, 01 the
United Stet0s. the fhnanoial and general
le ieletion of Coegroas is left to the cant rot
of committees, over which the Pronclont and
his Cabinet have no client inlet:moe and
the chairmen of which may havo n)igb�Lfene
ohincts in direct antagonism to the men in
oflioo.
in the Canadian system the Speaker 10 e
functionary, who, lvhseevur may by tun
party prec ivilies, disehergea Ilio duties in
the abate u1 a Spirit of j indica at d tmpertiat-
ity, llesponelblo government. makes the
premier and his ministers reap melee for
the eone,Utution of the committee,' of Par-
liament, and for the opinion:I and decisions
that n(1.y 011400te from them, A govern -
meet that wottld constantly endeavor to
shift inn responeibilii.;es on coin mitt cos event
of their own 4el0e1.4Th would 00011 disappear
from the Treasury benches. Raseonsllnlity
in legislation is accordingly ensured, tinan-
;tt
measures 1I4ot0d from halo" mn1
o
the font -halts of ambit lolls and ll'r(iepnllxi Nle
politicians, and the impartiality mud dignity
of the speak ershi1 guarantees, by the pm -
one
in 'aiama L of n Cabinet, Navin the
direction and oupervision of bnniuess.' Qu
the other land, In the United States, the
Speaker of the House of 1<oprosontaLivos is
forced to become free' the very nature of
circumetaneee a pulilital loader, and the
spectacle is presented, so otrautge to ns fem.
iliac with English methods, of doeioionn
given by him with clearly party objects,
and of committees formed by him with pure•
ly political aims. Ami all this lowering of
the dignity of the chair is due to the ab-
sence of a responsible minister to lead the
House. The very position which the Speak•
er is forced to take from time to time, in
clearly the result of the defects of the con•
stitutional system of the United Stature, and
is so much evidence that a roeponaible
party leader in nn absolute necessity in Con -
green. A legislature must bo led, a Con•
geese has been attempting to get out of a
crucial difficulty by all sorts of questionable
shifts which only allow the inherent weak-
ness of the exio.ing system.
As compared with the American system,
the great advantages of English or Canadian
responsible government lie in the interest
created among, all classes of people h the
diecuseione of the dif'erentlogtolattive bodies.
Parliamentary debate involves the fate of
cabinets, end the public mind is consequent•
ly led to study all isones of importance. lint
under the presidential government a nation
has, except at,tbe electing moment, no in-
fluence; it hos not the ballot box before it;
in virtue is gone, and it must waft till ite
instant of despotism again returns. The de.
bates in G'ongrees "are prologues without a
play." The prize of power is not in the gift
of the Legislature. No presidential country
"needs to form daily, delicate opinions or to
helped in forming them." Then when the
people do go to the ballot box, they cannot
intelligently influence the policy of the goy.
eminent. If they vote for a president, then
Congress may have a policy quite different
front hie; if they vote for members ot Con-
gress, they cermet change the oppinion& of
the President, If the President ohaugeo hie
Cabinet at any timo they havo nothing to
say about it; for its members are not impor-
tant as wheels in the Legislative machinery.
Congress playpen a hill -the McKinley hill
forinotanoe, of which the people express
their disapproval at the first opportunity
when they choose a new Congress; but still
the measure may (remain on the statute book
for yea's becauee the Senate holds views
different from the newly elected House, and
cannot be politically changed until after a
long series of legislative elections. When
men feel end know that the ability they
show in Parliament may bo sooner or later
rewarded by a seat on the Treasury benches
and that they will then have a determining
voice iu the government of the country, be
it Dominion or province, they must be
stimulated by a keener aptitude for public
lite, a closer watchfulness over legislation
and administration, a greater readiness for
discussing all public questions, and a more
studied appreciation of public opinion out-
side tho legislative hall.
Every ratan in Parliament is a premier in
posse. The members of a Parliament ex-
cluded from oiiice can never be comparable,
mucin less equal, to those of a Parliament not
excluded from officio. Professors Bryce,
Woodrow, Wilson, Denslow, Mr. llagehot,
1,ir. Oliver Mowat and other writers and
thinkers in England, Canada and the United
Statics, show that, while respolsiblegot'ern-
ment educates oflice•holders fine a sense of
their accountability to the people and trains
men in legislation and administration, the
system of congressional government pre,
yenta the capacity of the best members of
the house of Representatives from being
brought to bear upon anyone piece of leg-
islation, however important; cramps de-
bate, lessens the cohesion and harmony of
legislation, gives facilities for the exercise
of underhand, and even corrupt, influence ;
reduces responsibility, and lowers the in-
terest of the nation in the proceedings of
the legislature. Men in Congress are " cure
damned to be architects without science,
crit ies without experience, censors without
responsibility." Ono writer says, too, of
the irresponsible eyeton of congressional
committees that " this 18 an arrangement so
fruitful of corruption and jobbery that it
would drag down and corrupt the purest
and ablest body of men in the world "-a
statement whioh men whit find fault with
the Canadian system should ponder well.
Party Government, undoubtedly has its
dangers arising from personal ambition and
unscrupulous partizanship ; but a8 long as
men must and will range themselves in opine'.
ing oaulpe on every subject, there is no other
system practicable by which vroatquestions
ens be carried and the working of repro -
mutative governments efficiently minden-
ed. It is quite certain, however, that party
government under the direction of a respons-
ible ministry -responsible to Parliament
std the people for every not of admin-
istration end legislation -can have
far loss d utgerous teedo oiea than a
party system which elects an executive not
amenable to public opinion for tour years,
divides the responsibilities of government
among e(V01'al authorities, prevents bar•
molly among party leaders, does not give
the executive that oonerol over legislation
necessary to the cifficient edminietration of
pnblio Weirs, end in short oil'ere a diruut
premium to conflict amen ell the autheri•
ties of t' a Mai 0-a media not so much
avoided by the cheeks and helium:8 of the
ann011(ntioe am by the patiowe, prudt1Ioo
end resp0ct for law which presidents and
their cabhl0(0 have 110 a cele shown et ea-
t reel mins. '1(01 diIIkul 1(001.1(101 mattered
in Presirlont,Tohn0nn's lime show, however,
I he (burgers inherent in the system ((11 the
01 her hand, poly ttoverinnent in Canada
macros unity of policy, einetln•' premier of
the cabinet bmaomes tho omit(o Ing part of
the poliiioal nauhinery of the state. No
such thing a0 laity ni (131(0y 10 pasib!e
undo' a systems whioh gives the Preddelt
neither the dignity of a (invertor -General,
tar the etreng!,h of a Pre•tlfcu', ail splits up
1ndit10101 power naming any neml ter of would -
he patty leaders, who adopt or defeat elate
sures by private (nu t5' 08 and make iris•
op011eibl0 1'000mMali dal i3,110,
In shirt, said Ilr. Bnurinot 111 0nnohlsimh,
(1(1(10( 11, system like that of Cl.tllol(1, whore
every defect in the 1 0dy 101(110 is probed
,.
u the dohitrx of Parliament,
IianuuP.
to he bottom i ,
wlhieh are given wit a fulh)enr 1.7 the press i
that is not the "entice lu the neighboring
rcpubl i0, thmpeellle. have an bet tet oppmrtul •
i I'.)+ o!_ forming a cornet judgment o(1 every
matter, awl giving an il(llurdtnte end cow ,
olesivu vurdiet when the proper time 00(100
for an appeal to thenlnelvc0, the sovereign
power under the Canadian political cote
etitutien: Sometime,' this judgment is too
often swayed by party prejndtees, and
the real fame obeeured by skilful
part management,
1 y but this is In•
imitable under every e7 tint of popular
government; and, happuy, should It come
to the worst, there is al why!: in the country
0'11 eaviug remnant of intelligent, independ
ret men who 0511 corm forward and by th lir
fearless and bold oritioisnl and pee Natio at-
titude help the people in any crisis 'ben
tauhonor th ho) ) endjunior'
nran a Should
t stake. , lout
1e th,
men i h power be unfaithful to their public
on ati
ob1s, they i1,'I
<y will soon be leered by the
conditions of public life to yield their pool-
licne t those n L t who emelt 'r
public confidence.
0
l h 1 e.
Whatever may be the blots at times on the
surface of the body politic there is yet no
reason to believe that the public 00ua0!elce
of Canada in weak and indifferent to (harem
ter and integrity in active politics. The in-
stil)OLa of a 1)01(1)10, governed by English in•
stitntions, aro in the direction of the pure
administration of justice and the efficient
and honest government of the o'n"htry, and
the time of retribution and purili lotion will
cone sooner or later. English methods
(lust prevail in countries governed by ling
lisp people and English institutions. It fs
sometimes said-thoughtleseiy, it le to be
hoped -that it 10 vain to expect abigb ideal
in public life -that the same principlee that
apply to social and public: life cannot olwnya
bo applied to the political mono if party
government is to eiieeeed; but thin 1a the
d'cerine of the mere party manager. The
nobler the object, the greater should be the
inspiration ; and under any circumstances it
is better to aim high than to sink low. A
constitution inay bo es perfect as human
agencies can make it, an d yet be relatively
worthless while the large responsibil Ines and
powers entrusted to the governing body for
the time being -responsibilities and powers
not embodied in aet0 of Parliament -are
forgotten in view of party triumph or of
personal ambition or of pecuniary gain.
The laws," said Burke, " reach but a very
little way. Constitute government how
you please, infinitely the ;neater part of it
moat depend upon the exercise of powers,
which aro left at large to the prudence and
uprightness of ministers of state. Even all
the use and potency of the law depend upon
them. Without them your cemmonweaith
is no better than a achemo upon paper, and
not a living active effective organization."
Dr. I3urinot then concluded by quoting
the following lines from a well known Can-
adian poet: -
"Aa yet the waxen mould is soft, the opening
Doge is fair,
itreats with biose who rule us now to 101495
their impress there.
The stamp of Lruo nobility, high honor, stain•
less truth ;
The earnest ghost of noble ends ; (he generous
heart on youth ;
Tho lore of country, soaring far above dull
party atrif0;
The love of learning, art and song -the crown-
ing grace of lite;
The lova or science, soaring far through na-
ture's hidden ways :
The love and fear of Nature's god -a nation's
highest praise.
So in the long hereafter, this Canada shall be
The worthy heir of British power and British
liberty"
Golden Thoughts For Every Day.
Monday -
Yet Love 1,411 dream, and Faith will trust,
Since ho who knows our need is just,
That "omohow, somewhere, meet wo must.
Alas for hien who never sees
The stars shine through his cypress tree 1
Who, hopeless, lays his dead away,
Nor looks to see the breaking day
Across the mournful marbles play 1
Who has not: learned in hours of faith,
The (0(110 to Flesh and sense unknown,
That Lifeis over lord of Doath,
And Love can never lose its own !
--(321,hitller.
Tuesday -There are plenty of men ; but
is there a man? Countless populations;
but is t hero a seer, a .can who holds upon
his girdle the one key that tan unlock the
wards of ((1y difficulties and can open the
look of my life. Now there is a men who
professes to answer all questions, solve all
problems, dissipate all dreams, and give us
a new start In life. You may have heard
his name ; yon may havo heard it so often
that it has ceased to be a name and has be.
come a mere sound -a wavelet on the yield-
ing air. It is a sweet name, and yet it is
possible for man to have heard it until they
cease to hear it. The none is this : Jesus
Christ. Have you 1eard it before? A thou•
sand times ! Yet there is nota name in the
newspapers of today which excites you
lees than that name. Such may be the ex.
aria&
p ce of some of you. It s a terrible
thing to have outlived Christ ; to have made
Bethlehem, Gethsemane, Golgotha, historic
names spectral shadows. -[Joseph Porter.
Wednesday -
What ran IgtvoHim,
Poor as I am 1
If T were a shepherd
I tvonld bring n lamb.
HI were a wino mon
1 would do my part;
Yot what emu I give Hml ;
Give my heart.
Thureclay-Whatachimera is man 1 what
a confused chaos 1 what a0uhjcot of contra-
diction I o professed judge of n.1l things, and
yet a feeble worm of the earth I the great
depository and guardian of troth, and yet a
mere huddle of uncertainty I the glory and
the scandal of the universe I -[Blaine Pascal.
FI iday-
Whatlengnage shall Iborrow
To thank Thee dearest friend,
For this, Thy dying sorrow,
Thy pity a ((holt end 1
Idako me Thine for over
And shun d 1 fainting bo,
Lord 101. ole never, never
Outlive my love for Theo,
130 near me when Ten dying,
0 show 111y 010001.01(10;
And to my succor dying,
(`one, Lord, and sot me free.
These oyes, new faith receiving,
From .1 estishall 1101 11(09').') •
Few ho who dies believing
Dios barely through Thy love.
-3A Licentious.
Setau•dny-Aro tilers not w0 )1011 w110 fill
0111' vaso wit 11 wine and roses to tho bring,
en that On wino runs over and fills the
house with perfume ; who inspire 110 with
e01111A t' 1 11110 unitu 00 our tongues, and we
1(93)11 ; wen anoint nue eyes, and We see 1
We nay t hinge we never ought t0 earn said ;
for once, our wells of hal ('0000110 van
10111,11, (Burl left us et largo ; we were child -
rim in in (t With, field of heavers. Steep us, we
Dried, in those inilne:los, for days, for
week'', and WO Shill Ire sonny poets, mid
will echo 0111, in minty colored words the
romance that you are. -[11, W. Emerson.
A Bored 'tittle Prinooss•
A. sed 11(1.1(3 otorl 10 told of elle Princes
\ ',lhrlmino of 1101101111, W11011 0110 WAS aben
6 01 7, which proves that the life of 0, pros
petlove melee is not, :mita tit hod of roses,
(Ism: when seated et play with three of 11e1'
dells, elle of the wax 1,alee0 misbelieved it-
self little a , wx held , a ' al'».
solfltual th 1 til( I 1 t( shill up w
(mg lingo', saying 01(11.1117 1 Y411 you are 011
1111.'011;,1 1 sha11 make you (111.0 a Pete:yes
old then you won't have any other little
elindree to play 1111,11, and you'll always
blue 1 (lhrnly In,aos with yo0rhltud When-
ever you go out 'hiving."
LATEST BY CABLE.
The German Emperor Again --The Minis-
isterial Orals in Pram.
The (Iceman Emperor has favored the
the world with &nether statement of Ilia re•
apeople,o
hallo to Ilia empire, to Ilia and t,
the Almighty, Ile epoke on \'a'edneedny et
the elm mabanquotof the 13ranlleaburgDiet
1I!o Imperial Majesty has in tiutes past said
many surprising tbing0. He has surpassed
every potelate of modern due in his various
oratorical performances. ]Jo bas now sur•
pa000d himself: (elating a glance downward
from his lofty spat, be has perceived that
there aro persons who do nottecept Ids view
of himself and of things in general. ']rhes
bad mon cr!ticta0 and malign him and bin
Government, dietnl b the public tranquility,
and endanger the prosperity of the groat
German lratherlend. This category seems
to inelude all Germans who differ from
the Emperor, of whom there must he sense
millions. They are invited to shako affirm
their shoes the dust of Germany, and to go
elsewhere. It world be an emigration on a
scale yet unknown in Europe ; but the Em-
peror is rapidly accustoming the world to
enterprises of a gigantic kind.
The two great Scotch railways,the North
British and the Caledonian, bane entered
into an arrangement providing for a divis.
ion of competitive traffic and absolute ces-
sation of building or promoting fresh linos
for twenty•five years, Tbo traders of Glas-
gow have taken up arms against the combin-
ation, and fighting has already commenced
with great spirit. Fortunately for the
traders, the Glasgow and Southwestern,
n powerful local lino, refused to join
the combination, thus giving inde-
pendent acceea to the coast and to England
by meals of the 1\iidlandroad, Traders are
now actively organizing a boycott of the
English allies of the North British and Cal-
edonian, in the belief that the former, in
order to protect themselves, will be forced
to take action against the combination. Big
railway deals are rarely attempted in this
country, and tho fight over the present one
is being watched all over the country with
the keenest interest.
The i\linisterial •crisis in Paris hoe only
juin concluded, and in a manner which may
lead to its revival very shortly. Senator
Loubet, the now Premier, held the office of
Public Works five years ego, but everybody
had forgotten the fact, and nobody dreamed
until to -day that he would be suddenly call-
ed to the head of affairs. It is the fashion
to predict a short life for every new French
.Ministry, and the prevent occasion is no
exception. Three menthe is the span of life
generally predicted for thio Loubet Cabinet,
A Mad Oantain at Sea.
The last voyage of the merchant chip
Royal George, from New York to Mol -
bourne, wan marked by eome exceptionally
distreeeiug and disturbing incidents. Leav-
ing the former pert on September 13, she
was caught in a terrific south-westerly gale
efterbeing about a fortnight out, The gale
eventually moderated, and the mon settled
down to pass the time as well as possible
during the monotonous period the veeeol was
pushing through the trade regions. The
breezes were very light, end every one was
more or leen dieoontented. The captain was
the worst, and behaved in an extraordinary
manner, causing the chief officer, Mr.
Devine, great anxiety. He complained of
ineonnia, and for days walked about in o
state of misery. The work of navigating
the ship fell upon the mate, who had rile
to pretend to carry out the extraordine. y
orders given by the captain. Tho strain on
the lattor'e nervus at last proved too much,
and on October 20 he rushed on deck a ray-
ing lunatic. The chief officer and steward
did their best to pacify the captain, but it
was of no use, end at last ho had to be
secured. For several days he was violent
and then became passive, but had to be con•
tinually watched. The chief officer and
steward wore the only ones who could do
anything with the man, and they had a ter-
rible time. The steward was never away
from the patient all the voyage, but accom-
panied him over the chip. Fortunately the
men who composed the ship's new were
good seamen, and did not give the officer
any trouble. The winds were very light,
and the infirmity of the captain had a most
depressing effect on the crew. The sight of
the poor mens walking about looking for a
piece where he could sloop wan heartrend-
ing. He would lie down on the deck, and
then go somewhere else, but the wakeful-
ness was ever with him, and he could get no
relief. After a weary voyage of 104 days
the chip reached Pott Phillip Heade, Mel•
bourne, but her troubles were not, then over,
for a squall struck her as she passed through
the west channel, and threw her oaths mud,
where she remained for 24 hours.
Tight Between a Man and a Shark.
The New Zealand Herald describes a
desperate fight between a man and a shark
which mourned in MautrkanHarbonr. Mr.
Henry Jacobson, who is employed at the
North Manukan Heads az beacon tightkeop-
er, was out in his boat, about six miles
down the harbour, when it was Article by a
squall and swamped, and the acceptant left
in the water. Jacobson dived, and elides.
veered to relieve the ballast, but without
euccoso. He thee grasped an our, and being
a good ewinlmer, struck out for hind, but
ne a strong tide was running he was swept
down the harbour, a distanceof throe miles.
At time point ha was attacked by a largo
shark, whfolh grabbed at hie hand. He
protected himself, however, with the oar,
whioh he tried to rens down the shark's
throat. Tee fish then tnarle a oirole around
hint, at el renewed the attach. By this
tittle, hr:w.,ver, Jacoheoe haul his sheath.
knife dl awn, and desperately stabbed the
shark, ripping its side open, so thea the
water become red \vitll blood. A further
.41,3ttek was 111100, when Jacobson again
stabbed the monster near the tail, and it
0111101 014(17. All that time a boat mane in
sight, and et ending towards the unfortunate
elan the ocenpents coolly asked, " What is
the matter 1' Jamabe:n, however, eves too
100011 exhausted to 0051(4in, and was haled
into the boat, heeling been in the waiter two
(lours and thirty minutes.
A Wild -Goose Chase
Chutppie (fafutly) '' 1)00tab, my.aw•ltcad
feels awful l Does grip evalt go to the
brain?"
1)oator--" Sometimes."
Chapple-" I hove pains reship' almond
all ovals, me arms, and hands, amu feet, and
everywhere."
Doetne- That's grip."
(111appie--" What's it teeth% to do, dos`
tab 1"
Dootol'-11 Trying to find your brain I
geese,"
UNRIafdISTINGPREY TU TIGERS.
»cyte tree by LOW of Arms the East Indian
het Ives Cannot Defend 7'helnselvos,
There are some unfortunate Indian ell.
who o
la
g r appear to live their Hera be-
tween the devil and the deep eon. on the
one hand elands the roan -rating tiger; on
the octet' the , L aTIT1R rick warns thele to be.
ware of umpiring lethal weapons. They
have nothing for 1t, therefore, het to trust
everything to nllieial protection, and this,
41. appears, sometimes proves anything
butt
0.safNuard. 014 lh other day t he
mite'•
able inhabi tan is of Anatol, a hamlet in Ben.
gal, implored the Lieutenant l evernor to
takr, nation a len
t i ) f re theywere rnLL e1 me
r 11
t.
A particularly hungry tiger hod estab.
Halted itself close to the village and almost
every day witnessed a fresh onlrage. At
one time, the beast Mewed a preference for
cal. c
til , and the milky mothers of the herd
had theirtanke thinned. But ibis sort of
fare required to have its monotony relieved
at intervals by the etobstitntitn of "Inng
pork," with the result of some inhabitant
tocoming acquainted with the digestive ti-
grino appar0tn0.
The villagers were quite willing to make
war upon their striped foe; at least, they
professed to bo, But they possessed no
arms, that being forbidden by the law,
while the Slate did not attempt to afford
theme any protection beyond the general of-
fer of rewards for tiger killing.
Similar
cane are by no means uncom-
mon ; they often comp to light in tho native
papers, by which they are adduced as argu.
month for the abrogation of the amts act.
That remedy would he far worse than tho
disease ; if all the people in India were al-
lowed to carry deadly weapons there would
be no end to battle, murder, end sadden
Efficient fficient State protection is the
proper remedy for an evil which would
scarcely exist at all but for the interference
of the State with the liberty of the eubje0t.
Perhaps the Indian Civil Service ex0.0110
ation will hereafter include some toots of
sporting prowess; It is a much more 1100es•
sary kind of education than many of the
"subjects" which are taken up.
Shall Wo Travel 100 Miles An Sour ?
There is not much probability of attain-
ing regular and continuous spends of 100
miles per hour with our present Incentives.
Their fire -boxes -which perfornttbe 00.1110
functions for the machinee that their
stomach/1 do for animals -are, with the pres-
ent system of construction, necessarily con-
tracted in size. The weight of the whole
locomotive being fixed, the dimension of
the different parts are also limited.
It is proverbially dangerous to prophesy
when y0(1 are not quite sure,and if prognosti-
cations are based upon ealeulati0na the men-
dacity of figures may rise up hereafter to
deprive the prophet of all honor.
From what has been said, however, it will
be seen that fast running is largely a ques-
tion of steam production. Given a boiler
whioh will generate enough steam, end the
other problems are of comparatively easy
solution. The difficulty is to pet the boiler
sufficiently large within the limits of size
and weight to which it must be confined.
It will be safe to say that to be able to
travel cootinunusly at 100 miles per hour
we meet have either boilers or fuel which
will generate more steam in a given tem
than those we are using now do, or our
same work, or, what is more probable still,
we must have all three of those features
combined. In the locomotive of the future
the action of the reciprocating parts will
probably be more perfectly balaucod than it
now is; coupling -rods will either be die•
pensed with altogether or their risk cf break.
ago will lessened by planing the driving.
wheels near together, end both this danger
and the disturbing effect of the reciprocals
ing parts u•(I1 be lessened by increasing the
size e( the wheels. To enable the engine,
or, rather, its journals, to "run cool," 11.e
journals and their bearings will be increas-
ed in size so as to have ample surface to
resist wee/.
Coming events are, however, already
casting their shadows before them, and there
are indications that the improvements which
are here foreshadowed, or some of them,
are in process of evolution.
A Woman of Extraordinary Capacity.
One of the most noted women in the Dom-
inion bac just died. Cleophee Tote, Sister
Therese, as she wan commonly called, was
the daughter of a French-Canadian notary.
She entered the order of Sisters of Provi-
denco when 20, in 1844. Eight years later
she was sent with another nun to relieve the
spiritual and temporal wants 01 Indians in
the far West, her travels on that occasion
including et. journey on horaoback almost to
the Pacific coast in a region where no white
women had been before. So great was her
success that in 1857 she was sent to Chili to
found an asylum in Valparaiso for abandon-
ed children, In 1866 she was brought back
to Montreal and made General Treasurer of
the whole order, and soon after laid the
foundation of the immense insane asylum
which was burned down with 100 of its in-
mates early last year. Sister Therese was
mother superior of this entabliehment till
her death, and, although the system of treat.
ment there was by no means up to date, her
general management proved her to be a
woman of extraordinary capacity and com-
manding influence. She had an extra crdin•
art' power over furious patients.
A Lady Killed by an Elephant.
A sed accident, says a Calcutta corre•
spondont, oeourred during some elephant.
cinching operations in Garhwal on Monday.
A largo party, including Sir Auokland Col•
vin and Major Anson, Superintendent of
the Bulrainpur State, were taking part in
the operations, when Suddenly a wild ole•
pliant charged the party and knocked over
Dm elephant on whish Major Anson and
his wife were riding. Tho former was 11 11.
hurt, bet etre. Anson sustained injuries
which proved fetal in i few hence,
Robert Geo, Mate, et. A., M. D., M. 10
C. S., of Albion Rouse, Quadrant Bead,
Cataoaibury, N., London, ling., writes . I
cannot retrain from testifying to the alkanet'
of St. Jaeob'e Oil in 0(1 es of 'Armee rheu-
matism, see/Lice and neuralgia."
7
d
(4145
4
Hood's
t
t
Sarsaparilla
Said by all druggists. 01; six for Prepared ontA,
bar (1.1.1100D 0 co., Apntherarl •. i.owell, Runs:
100 Doses One lecke
Railroad Rumblings.
''7'dapan has 1,100 miles of railroad.
"'There are 30,000 Brotherhood engineers.
In proportion to its size England has etgh(r
times as many miles of railway as the Unit-'
e(1 States.
The directors of the Pennsylvania Rail-
road have granted a petition of the road's
employes for an advance in wages.
One of tho Swiss railways has at present
el,01(1 1.20 miles of its cars lighted by oleo.
tricity. The lamps are provided with a
current from a storage battery planed be
each of the cars.
It has been estimated that the motive
power fornishod by the steam engines of the,
world represents the strength of 1,000 mil-
lions of men -that is to say, twice ea many
as there are workman.
Notoontent with planning anunderground
raihvay, one of Bermes civil engineers plans
underground streets. They are to be cov-
ered with a close grating of steel, well sup-
ported, which admits air, light and rain,
and over which the vaned street traffic is
carried on.
The Westinghouse Electric and Menu -
featuring Company is preparing to ogni
a steam railroad near Sioux City with
oleotrical motive power. The feasibility of
making electric lines out o steam roads hoe.
lately engaged mach of the attention of the
Weettughouse people.
The Hon. J. W. Fennimore is the
Sheriff of Rent Co., Del., and lives
at Dover, the County Seat and Cap-
ital of the State. The sheriff is a
gentleman fifty-nine years of age,
and this is what he says : "I have
" used your August Flower for sev-
" eral years in my family and for my'
" own use, and found it does me
" more good than any other remedy.
" I have been troubled with what t
(' call Sick Headache a A pain comes
" in the back part of my head first,
" and then soon a general headache
" until I become sick and vomit.
" At tithes, too, I have a fullness
after eating, a pressure after eating
at the pit of the stomach, and
• sourness, when food seemed to rise
up in my throat and mouth. When.
' I (cel this coming on if I take a
Mile August Flower it relieves
' me, and is the best remedy I have
ever taken for it. For this reason
I take it and recommend it 110
athers as a great remedy for Dys-
pepsia, &C." • (1)
G. G. GREEN, Sole Manufacturer,
R} Woodbury, New Jersey, U. S. A.
"The Lord Is My Shepherd."
PSALM SXleI.
"The Lord is Illy shepherd "forayer;
No good from nip soul shall he koop.
31e leads me In greenest of pasture.
By waters in stillness that sloop.
My footsteps from sin and from sorrow
]n paths that aro righteous he leads.
"My soul he restoroth to gladness r •
His mercy divine over meads.
And. "Yea the' ' walk thro' the valley,
• The valley of the shadow of death,
14y_soul for no evil shall tremble:
My spirit shall breathe of thy breath.
"Thy rod and thy staff they aluell comfort
Thy table before me lies •proad
"My cup ruenett over with glsdeeds;
With oil thou anointest my lead."
"0 surely, shell goodness and merop
Bless me all the days of my life;'
And 1 in the house of hey Shephard
Dwell free from all sorrow and strife.
Keswick, 1812. -[1(. E. Pollock,
Terrible Murder Oase.
A terrible murder case, illustrating one of
the worst phases of lower Paris life, came
before the Seine Assize Court on Tuesday.
A Russian, named Dogmatchof, who for the
last six years has lived upon the earning of
an unfortunate woman, named Demothe,
was abandoned by the latter et the begin-
ning of September last. A few days after-
wards the 1411and0ned scoundrel met Demo.
the in te wine shop in the Rue Saint Jacques.
After the woman had paid for it drink she
ran away, pursued by Doglnatchof, who out
her throat in the open street. The assassin,
o1 being arrested, treated the melts' wi..h
the greatest levity, )merely remarking that
it was the result of his former 'matron cross-
ing his ltath leogmatchol' was ably defend-,
ed byeleet(0 Albeet Vanooie, but was eon-
deemed
on-
(leed to death.
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Sprains, 'L3ruises, SitrnS, Swelling;e
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