HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Brussels Post, 1892-3-4, Page 7t,
MARCH 4, 1892,
TEE BRUSSELS POST,
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Pre31,1018011 Roisitlersog,
At the ineet.i»g of late Contrel 1.'ermers'
loin:Rate twit week, Peofesaor Robertson,
of the °Flaw& experimental farm, delivered
an address on " The posaibilities of Selling
Canadian Fawn Produets at e Profit in the
Englith market, Hu 001(1 : " The farmees
ot Ontario end Canada atand head end
shnitltiers above the working farmers in a»
other country in the world in p.oint of inter.
ligenee. may be the farming
0011047 in the world: but it 111 Mit be re-
membered that the specielly adulated
elosses, the university men, the men Latin.
ed in the sei MOOS and arts, the atestocruoy,
directed the operatione of terming through
their tenants. Ono class will) the ndrels to
plan for and direct the other elms in their
work waa the condition in many of the lands
of Europe. lIere a happier state of things
prevailed, where the Tanner by the exeruise
cif hie own intelligent judgment directed
the outtenno of 1118 own labor. The Ontario
termer has the privilege of thinking for hitn•
self end the quality of his thought deter.
mines the outcome of his labor. Upon the
welfare of the humors depends the prosper-
ity of the province and of the Domieion
which we love Bo well. In Canada agricul-
ture is an in forest of first importance and all
others -mane feet iving,commercial and pro-
fessional -are sensitive to the condition of
the femme. When times aro prosperous
with him there are good times for all Masses.
Frequently it has been my privilege to meet
representative gatherings of farmers to (Re-
cess with them some ttspect of their own
business. It has not tegaited itny eonecious
effort on my pert to refrain from dealing
with the question of markets near or far
off. In my humble judgment. the market
end of the fariner's business has received um
due Mee/Ilion from publie speakers im agri-
culture and other leaders of theught. '1 he
farmee's oyes have been pointed all too often
and Emelt to earnestly to the selling end of
his business instead of to the producing end
and aspect of it. That mischievous course
has 'vaulted in leaving on the minds of
many farmers an impression that a. market -
the market -has some sort of personal sel 1-
emdained existeeco-in fact, Is somewhat
like deity or a devil to the heathen, and
may come with deliverance or dire destrne-
tion at mere caprice, lionte of them have
been further misguided into imagining that.
the market can be charmed into sweet ser-
ving at the word ittel wand of politicians or
be chased away beyond touching, tasting,
handling or even seeing by their edict of
hostility. Politicians Iowa some influence
on the markets, and on the moon." The
speaker than passed on to define tho nature
and function of markets and the effect of
competitions. Ire said a three -fold cam-
petttion exiated In most markets. ( 1) A com-
petition between buyers whieh tended to
raiee the prices. (2) A competition between
sellers for pun:Meer, which tended te re-
produce prices, and (3; competition between
cozmoodities and qualities of the same
commodity for the preference of the
buyer, The law of supply and demand he
stated to te only the consequence of the
getioral cousensus of oeinion or judginent
of ell buyers and milers as to the relative
values ot 0 given thne. If ono farmer sells
to another Who already has as much as he
eau use of the same oommodity the second
man buys to resell. He will went 0 profit
for doing so, and if the original 011/1100 con
market his products direct to tbe ultimate
user or consumer so much the better. lira
Cons acting in their vetional capacity are to
be considered as aggregotious ot individuals
•-subject to shnilar obligatione in their
spheres as the individnal citizens are in
theirs. '.1.'hoy needed anatomers who want
to use, as ultimate consumers, the surplus
of goods which they have to sell. In is
market we should look for aud expect cer-
tain qualities.
1. Accessibility to customs without expen-
sive totl orany sort.
2. Permanency of adequate demand.
(Commerce ie shy of unceetaia markets, like
most girls she needs a little ()taxing. )
3. A fair chance in competition.
4. Discrimination as to the quality and
value of (mantles in goods.
On the seller's pat t it is essential that
the requirements of the accessible and
available market be studied 101111 mitered for.
Seek the market, suit it, then keep 11„
Sometime is required to create a demand in
a new market. It takes time to overcome
prejudices titid win a preference.
The English market for our food products
seems to meet all the requirements. It has
been made easy of access by Oa enlarged
and improved carrying Mcilities from rail-
ways and steamships. Its permanency is
guaranteed by reason of its large manuitto.
turing population on a small a,grioultairal
area, lb offers a fair (Mance to ell, end
while It, diacriininatee keenly it pays the
very highest price for the best articles.
Faigland has beau called " nation of shop-
keepeors"-thitt enseres competition. She
at an nation of food consumers who went
and Inns) lave jest sue)) things as we have
to sell. We aro a nation of farmers and
need just such a, customer.
After reverting again to the home end of
the farmer's business, Prof. Robertson pro-
oeeded to comment on the valoo of the home
market to the farmer, Since 1881 the
urban population of Cattalo had increased
by 384,140. That additional town and city
population consomeammually food pv0(111.018
front Canadian forms to the value of over
821,000,000, at wholesale forme's' prices,
Tito %mane of the total exports of farm pro-
ilnots-leaving out berms and hity-to
Great, Within and the Uoitoil States during
the year ending 1111110 1801, was 833,055,-
986. The value of such exisorts to
the United States alone in the same
year W118 810,01 7,300 That shows that
that the increase of the home market in our '
own town awl cities in 10 years takes more
than Maim as 111n011 01 our farm peoduats as
we export to the whole 03,000,000 to the
8011111 of re There is no rem) autegoniam of
interosta between the dwellers in towns and 1
those who live in the conettry, They are
mutuelly enstomers of malt Mho: and their.
interests itre harrnotdous if tiot identioal, (
All 011110ts to create antagonism between the
agrieullairel end mantifintmeng and com-
looteial 01001'000e sit / 110 refrained from.
litein a Mart which Ina si tea the ingre- '
clients whieh the various ma: „products, I
take out of the theapeultor on to
Show that the Salo of poimitaveprodeetstike
nr hay, exhatisted the futility of the a
mil much quielthe then tile ado or mitmais i
and their products, He quoted. a region), f
011101e1 publIontion from the ltepartmont of
Agrieniture at Witeltingtonf wherein the
fitrinere of the Ile i ed Stitt es me thoommend-
od to seek foreign markets with animal pro. 4
ductal rather than with gt aim The Uni toil p
(States me thus becoming One keen annpoti-
torsau European tnarkets. 0'
In 010 exportation of animals and their
products in peat yeere, it appeare that tho e
tendency ham boon towards itti etilargetnelit
of our treat) tvi 01 Greet Brit win. '1'110 follow. it
ing (able shows the exports of animals and 1.
tholt produots 1
To Greet To United
Briteln,
880 Stet ea
SI 1 , 104,223 80,0 I 0, 98.4
1390 10,578,722 1,900,47.1
188 1 1 0,8 10,4:12 2, 148,403
Of live oettau greet imperted
he year ending December, 1891, 11 11/01814 10
010 1111111 1/00 of 507,407, raided al 8 I 1,7113.
6O9. Of theme Canada emit 1 00,11s0 anim,ds,
valued at 1118,02(1,202, lIere is a market -
that could take th tee times as many cattie
froin us. 'I lie toted frotobt chargett from
Toronto are eeported 10 103 about $2u par
head on titeera 1The average value, tended
in thialend, of oxen, bulls and cows from
Qat:oda, was la8 1,40 cach. d'hat loaves
about 803 per bead to 1.110 produeer, If be
t on
/II a
Fri -
last
nciALI
and
Lily.
ore
the.
(tit
en.
our
hey
001011
cannot produce at that prete proli
hay mote and meal, he cannot do so
corn ensilage and meal. In feeding exp
melds at experimental farm at Ottawa
winter, a lot of steers on hay, roots and 1
cost nearly 19 (tents per day for feed.
similne lot were fed on corn ensilage
meal at it cost of 1 IA mints pee bead di
lithe letter lot 31001011 33 tits, each m
weight in the moue period of five mon
Thus the cost may be reduced and the pr
front the English merket or elsewhere
larged. We have an advantage with
cattle in tbe English market in that t
may bo sent alive to the int( rior of G
Britain. That privilege is variously ostin
ed as being worth to us from 32,50 to
per head. Wo should not send lean sto
ors to England to be fattened there, I
better to fatten them here, get the hig
mice per head and the increased fortilit
the fields from the numinre. We sho
cultivate a dressed beef trade. Prosen
the local bathers and retail meat dea
in England are against it, but it woold
to the ultimate gain of the farmers of C
Iola to send dressed beef and avoid the
of weight, and the jaded and bruised qt
ity of beef that results from long transpoi
tion of animals alive, Of beef Great Brit
imported in the yoar ending December, 1
to the video of $21,386,610, During
year ending June 30, 1891, Can
furnished to Great Britain only 8740 win
Of sheep and Iambs in 1801 there w
imported into Great Britain 344,304.
that number( Canada mint 40,732.
experiments in the shipment of lambs to
Englith market, were made and repor
upon by Prof. Shaw, whose excellenarep
ation is 100644'11 throughout all Ontario.
stater, es his conclusion that 10 profita
thole in the shipment of lambs of go
quality can be developed with hInglat
With many others, tho speither had be
enviously amused at the cacming °thins
of some who belittled Prof. Shaw's ottra
effort to hasten the agricultural millemu
the time when the British lion and t
Canadian limb will lie down together
9000efeniaLton Great 'Britain imported in 1 8
to the value of 31 5,072,004. Lost ye
Canada sent to the value of 38,060, '1'
inorket Is large, and there may be room for
enpply from Canadian sheep farms, which
us yet are all too felt and malt
The total value of the bacon, hem end
pork imported into great 'Britain foe the
year ending December 3 1, 1 80 1, was 348,-
860,234. For the year ending June, 1 89 1,
Canade sent, 7,530,071) pounds, valued at
3026,0a7, 00 about 1,1 per mut, of England's
1 Illportation. 'late little uountry of Denmark
with a popelation only some 65,000 larger
titan °Mori°, sent 52,000,000 of pounds at
an average price of 12 cents. The event
price of the bacon front the United Stott;
to England during the same year was about
7 cents per pound, while the Cenadian pro.
duct was front 1 cents to IA cents higher,
The quality wanted is lean pork for &Ary-
an! swine. To meet the requirements of
the English marketinore of our stvine should
be sold by the farmers alive, to be killed at
packing. houses, wheee the carcases eau bo
homed to a uniforni manner. In the long
run it. peya the farmer better ea a rule to
sell his 810010 on loot than to market them
dressed. 'Clie experiments at the farnt
0 thawasho w that 4t. pounds of grain will give
1 pound of increase in live weight of swine,
and that it is not profitable to fetton swine
for any market after the weight of the ani-
mal escalade 200 pounds alive. 111 some
feeding tests (luring the first month of fo d-
ing, when the pigs weighed from 77 to 103
pounds cinch, only 3.51 pounds of grain was
required for 00011 posed of incrense in
weight ; during the next month 3.07 pounds
of grain was consumed for every pound of
increase in live weight ; during the third
111011111 31 per tient. more grain woe consum-
ed for every pound of gam ; 86 per dent,
1 10 per cant and. 125 per cont. more grain
was consumed for each pound of gain during
the next three months. At tbe end of the
test the pigs weighed an overage of '231
pounds tenth, Foe the last month's feeding
6.03 pounds of grain WILS consumed for every
pound of Increase in live weight. The win-
ter raising of young pigs to be fed off and
sold during June, july, August and Sep.
ten1her, should become u. vevy profitable aci-
Moot to winter dairying. 'rho English
market will take en unlimited quantity of
well -foil lean bacon aml hams.
Of cheese England imported in the yeat
ending December, 1801 to. the value of 323,-
434,829. It mey bo interesting to unto the
trend of this business. Great Brita01 im-
ported in 1 881 from Clanado 31,5 I 0,433 end
front United StatesS1 0,381,248 while in 1891
she imported Nom Canada 80,002,448 and
from tho United States, 88,0(30,817. One
reeson for our great gain in this market is
that 9013 have Improved the (111(1,111;y and nada
it uniformly line, .A like 81100080 111 other
lutes of orr exports will follow from similes'
eitro in providing the tomy best quality. A
quntitity of finest Canadian choose is still
sold at high prices retail, under the name of
English Cheddar. We me making en effort
bybranding our cheese, " Finest Conailian "
to got11 for oue farmers the higher price,
which presently finds a stopping plami in
the pocket of the craft y English shopkeeper,
Phe shipment of cheese from the Demiuion
experimental dairy stations is lutving the
effect of 0011 furthee nalvoetiaeing the fine
quality of our cheese). Tito trade with Eng -
and might be denbled, doubtlese it will
to in a few years when tbe maritime pro-
s/hues have their dairying developed. Tito
quality of the elleeso from the province of
;Mabee ie meeting with increasing favour in
he English markets.
There is it large and growing ae 111-111
' a. . .....1.0 of condensed midli
l'ho Valli° of what waa imported into lang
mid in the you 1891 was 94,124, 745. 'Its
laigest supply was ftein ranee, Hollind
and Norway, Canada might, with edvante
30, 0110)111 a shore of this trade, Tim geoid
ty of the condensed milk made at the ono
isotopy 11) Canada is most excellent,
The value of the loathe imported inta
heat Britain iti 1801 WAS 855,4 10,41 5. Of
hat quail tit y Denmark futhishod 8113,6801•
21, et an average price of 24 cents per
ono& Franco supplied 314,785,230 et an
Nonage price of 23,6 cents per pnend, while
aniula gent only 891 2.807 an avologe
wive of 18,2 mitts per pound. d'horo is an
asy pnasibility for a, very largo exteneion
our exports of butter, fl'11 o feeigh t charges
vo not barriers. The rittea last week from
Voodstock, Onts, to Liverpool wore lir)
olds per 100 pouilds. A A191110111 of i'00
packages of 100311 -made ei earn my butter ha i
,11101 been made front the Derninlon experi.
mentot dairy static:1ot to the Englial) mar.
ket. t, ()spouted to realive ite high a
Moe as the fl test Daniel) butter. 'Plie Eng.
pelt pri, 0 for freslainado line leo tor i la-
mps 111311 the winter. A. respone.
thle firm of ex portent of dairy pro.
duet hos otibeed to provide one.
11 off the amount required to alter 52
eheese 10.110010e into ereanieeleS for the
manufacture of butter (luring the whiter.
ily the use of a 0011 trifugal ention eepar0 tor
et a creamery from 10 to SO per emit. more
Mater can be obtained from the same
than when it Is !waffled 1» the orilimmy
stay at the forms. A higher prim can al-
ways be obtained for quality that ia oniform
'Hie winter creioneriee will enable us to
ship 31,000,000 of fresh made creamery
Matey to England. mutually (luring the
winter within three yeare and these '200
tubs from the experimental stat1ons aro the
first which lave 0000 been sent
Great 13rititin imported poultry in 1 891 to
the video of 32,d29,885. As yet Canada
send but vory little, 14 is possible to extend
the trade very much. The peioem for turkeys
at the Smith's Fails markol-probably the
largest in Canada --Were from 7 to 12 cents
per pound In December last, The prices in
Liverpool for turkeys at the same time were
1111 from '21 to 20 cents per pound. The freight
35 from points in Ontario to 1..1Y0r11001 400
ok- from to IA cents par pound. Mr. Dum-
b is sou, of Brampton, has mode his fourteenth
antmal shipment to Liverpool, and the
y to poultry arrived in good conditio11. A letter
uld 9008 road from Messrs. I3orthwick & Co., of
lay Liverpool, who had introduced 6101111(1 101
lers turkeys into some 14 of the largest English1
be cities. They speak in the most hopeful
an- terms of the trade if the birds he prepared
loss acoording to directions in The 13ulletin,
al. which may be obtained upon application to
ea- the Department of Agriculture, Ottawa.
ain Of eggs Great Britain imported in 1801 to
91, 1110 ntit11ber of 106,81 1,370 dozen. Canada
the had 01 previous yams been sending only a
adv. few, but in 1801 she sent 2,260,757 dozen.
'tit. There 10 the prospect for 0 liege and roman.
ore erative trade with England, where oxperi-
Of ooze ball enabled shippers to avoid losses
e from breakages, and has induced the steam:
the ship companies to provide eefrigerator space
:cite at low rates. A 0010 01111110011011 from Liver.
lie
et- pool wits read, giving particulars of the Eng-
nd method of packing eggs before being shipped
111, from Canada.
en The total \eine of animal products, of the
ins kinds, whicill have been ethunerated in the
est forgoing, which were imported into Great
Britain in 189 I Was 3240,804,071. The total
he value of the exports of thette farm products
in from Cenada to Great Britain in the yam:
ceding Julie 30, 1881, was 319,084,238, and
91 front Canada, to Great Brit= $1,983,441. If
ar allow' food predicts from animal sources were
he sent to Great Britain they would form only
9 per cent. of her total purchaaes of the same
commodities. All that points to the possi-
bility of sending food products from Cana
ilian farms to the English market at pro
fit.
lish trade in eggs from the continent of
Europe, and also directions for the best s
BBB DAY$ WITHOUT FOOD.
StewitwIty Bowl 10 4 Ye itt the end of 0
Terrible Voyage rrom New Orleans.
The unloading of the Morgan Lino steamer
El tattoo, wide); arrived at. New York WI
l'ileaday eight, with it cargo of /imam aod
vitrime other thinge from Algiere, opposite)
New Orleans, had 00 far advanced at 10
o'Moolc next morniutf, that the deek just
over the hold had isme pretty well cleared,
and the mem hatehee of the 1101(1 were ex -
vowel, 'Plum mon Who wore tending near
those hatelme heard a ery whieh issued op.
parent!), from the hold, They lifted up the
heti...hes, and soon over the elosely piled I Ales
of cotton a mon emote oentelieg to stare up
at the light. and open wide Ids month to
each the.fresh air. Die Mee was yellow and
sunken, and his body, hardly concealed by
hie scanty, torn clothing, was ebrunk and
wasted. 11:111 0 01011 81.00ped 1101011, end 1 Moil
him to the /leek. " Starving I" he gasped.
"PM 111/10 flay8 WW1001, tOOCI.
The ship left Algiers a weelc ago Thurs.
day morning, and thie stowaway, whose
name is Charles If rzelle, nittet have crawled
into the bold tho day Wore. Ho had a few
croakers in 1113 poeltet, and these he ate be-
fore the ship left, Algiers, If is hiclieg place
was covered by the (leek, with the hatches
closed down, and this was piled with freight,
so that no ono could. get near to hear the
calls for help he must have etteeed. ie
not Mem how he got air enough to keep him
olive, nor oan it be easily understood how
he could endure the stilling heat which
sometimss sets a cargo of cotton afire from
spontaneous combustion.
He had torn the lining out of his broad -
brimmed soft hat and had chewed it. He
had opeeed a barrel of soap starch, and had
eaten Oda until Ids stomaoh refused to take
any mote of it. He had chewed cotton also,
'Ilene must 110400 passed with berrible slow-
ness ill mesh darkness and heat and craving
for food end drink, and it is a wonder Oust
was able to keep anything hke an accurate
record of it.
Immediately after his uncovering an am-
bulance took him to St. Vincent's Hoepital,
where he now lies at the point of death. He
is it cooper by teed° and 23 years old, tall
and naturally slender. He belongs in Rock-
land, Mc., and went South severtil years ago
to work at his trade. (letting ottt of work
te atm mined to go hoine. • Just before he
torted he was robbed at his 1100,0101g place
so he says, and thus bad no choiee bet to
stow himself away a ship. Hie unfamili-
iity with sea -going craft led him to choose
sao dangerous a hiding plum.
God Bless Such Girls.
Uncle Zeb writes :-" I've lmithing against
...iris playing on the piano, or singing the
finest music in the land, or painting., or
making pretty things to decorate their
homes. That's all right. I glory in their
genius, and love them all the more for it,
providing they can and are willing, if need
be, to make bread, wash the iishes, mop the
kitchen floor and make flap -jackets for
breakfast. 'Idiot kind of a gal comes pretty
close to being an angel, And if she's me of
your heppy-golucky twitters that isn't
afraid to be gentle and kintl to all kinds of
people, yoong or old ; that isn't afraid to
spook to a boy with a patch a foot square
on his breeches ; that isn't afraid to be as
polite to poor old people as if they Were the
richest folk in town -then, by thunder!, she
is en angel. know a gal like that clown in
Vieginia-rich and occoinplished, and yet
she Mat loved everything and everybody -
horses, niggcra and dogs, and she was just
as fres as the orioles in J une. T. recollect 00
I passed her an tho street once, with my
head down became I didn't have on my
More clothes, she chugged me on the ribs
with her elbow till there was a blue spot
there as big as a dollar. Lord, how I mimed
that blue spot 1 I wanted it to stay there
for over 1 talloaneen in Meson a, long time,
that girl has, and I'd bet a 'item Met she
isn't a bit more of an mgel there than she
was in Virginia. Got bless tho girls that
make sunshine in parlor or kitchen, and
that ain't afraid of losing caste by being good
to everybody.
A Big Sea Bass.
A large armed on the noon ferryboet at
San Frontline collected about one of the
trunk carts the other day, attracted by, a
hoge and queer fish that WaS 0o:tended
along the framo of the tenek. To oveey
appeaxamo the fish belonged to the trout
feinily and was judged to be a freak in
aim. One of the curious lookermon mons r-
od the length of the monster end found it to
be needy seveu feet, while the oreatest
breadth about the body was throe mid a half
foot. The soaks appeared yery emelt like
pieces of abalone shell, but were dnetile mut
semi- transparen t. By and by tho 1310Viatb10
knoll/mil mune 010113 and he explained the
wonder to tho crowd. The WA leviathan
was a spec...tea of tho bleck sea bass, end by
all the largest of its kind eeer captured
on this mast. Its weight 11/00 about 400
mamas. 11 wag ceptured oft' the
blonde, and the poweeful rope fastened
through its enormous mouth attested to its
orodigtous stre113111. IL WM learned that
smalicv specitnena of this lish aro brought
up from the 8anta, 13thelara and sold to
wholesale dealers, who in turn retail them
to vesteurauta The restaurants, by a pro.
eoss of seasoning mid hammering out the
11001), an enabled to servo 1110 fish to their
patrons under a dozeti different 1100100.
The Sheep ()aught On.
"E. M. B.," who oends the story to the
Anifrals' Guerdian, wits staying on a visit
at the house of a heachnistretta of a ladies'
school in the country. One day oho noticed
that the girls were playing 0. game av,Hocl
" King of the Castle." Milt the pla,yers
ranged themselves at the top of one 0 the
slopes and half at the bottom, and it was
the aim of the latter to eettelt tate. top and
displace those who held this position
Now it happened that when tho rage for
this genie WM at its height a drove of ahcop
was tamed into the orieket iield. In it feW
days what was El. at 11.at astonishment to
nee the sheep playing "King of the Castle 1"
stem tnok their place on the raised (nicht
ground 01 here below it, and the some strug
glo for todpreemay W00 gone through as had
Leon carried On by the girls. E. M. 13, sive
she witnessed this sight frequently,
Mrs. Enpee---" 1, can't, uncial:Mond how
a man mot love it women who has 11,9481041
cloformity ; can yen )" Ealpeo- ' Oh I
&ma. know ; I shouldn't think less tif o
woman who was tongtietied."
Reran and Retriever.
"Three or four weeks ago," synths a cm-
respoodent "1 was shooting cook end par-
tridge along the tanks of the Musquodobuit
a NOV14 Scotia river. Itly dog was a, smooth -
haired animal, a cross between pointer and
a vetriever. As we came out on the edge of
one of those little wild meadows called 'in-
tervitlee," a huge harm rose sluggishly from
behind a clump of alders. It was a, fine bird,
and wanted it as a specimen.
At rather long range fired, and the her-
on, lurching heavily to one side came down
in the metre of a shallow pool. Then 1
gathered itself together at once, and stood
staring about as if bewildered. As I ap
proached with Rob at my heels, it raised -
one wing as if to fly, then drew its head
back and took up a posture of defence.
It was evident that my shot had in some
way disabled the other wing, whioli, how-
ever Wila 1101. broken, bet was held firmly
trussed tie if uninjered. 'Phe pool in which
the bird stood was perhaps six inches deep,
and I ordered Rob in to fetch the game,
The dog dashed forward eagerly, as if to
pick up a snipe, but was met: by a vicious
thrust from the heron's beak that drove him
back in astonishment, His anger end mm -
1110100 wore amusing to witness. As fo: the
heron it stood immovable, its heed buck
1,11pefoittLitvhotilders, its keen eyes sparkling
In a moment Rob eisturned to the attack.
He ran around and tried to seize the bird by
the ; but the bird's head went about
like lightniug on the pivot of ite long and
snake -like neck, while itsbody never moved ;
and again Rob received blow which made
lilin yelp.
He drew off a few feet, end then ran
round and rouncl his enemy, seeking for an
opening ; but everywhere he fotual himself
opposed by that terrible javelin of a. beak.
It seemed as If the bird must, twist his head
off in time, but no such (limiter occurred.
Whenever the furious dog would make a
dash for the bir.Ps tail, out would dart the
long, fine weapon, bringing blood where it
smote, and hurling Incite the onslaught:.
Presently Rob gave a howl of disgust,
tuoked his tall between his logs, and 'scur-
ried in a panto from the water. Then, con-
cluding that the plucky bird deserved a bet-
tor fate than to be stuffed, them my Sauk -
et over his hood and made him a prisoner.
He has never recovered the use of his wing,
bat he presides with dignity and authority
over my poultry -yard.
reeling the Bark Prom Tree&
Every one knows that if we take off th
baelt completely feont around the trunk of
a tree it will dia Strange to say, this is
only true 01 Om ut, ten months in the year,
fer if the bark is peeled e week in so before
midsummer the tree wilt immediately re-
place the old bark by layer of now. There
is no doubt whatever about this fact, al-
thoggh to this day a taiga number of men,
eminent in botaniaol mienee, will not be.
Bele it. The concluothe of tide magazine
has indeed known of trees in snob. hido.
boned condition as to bo positively un-
heidthy, to be oompletoly restored by strip.
ping off the whole of the bark the first or
soumul week in June. Nature intended
that the heel of teens should bo removed
when it is Ito longer of any 118% and has
provided each tree with cork cells, the
developmeet of which ia the agent by which
the olo bark of trees is thrown off. When
these emit cells are undeveloped, or soma -
thing occurs to prevent their proper action,'
the tree becooma diseased, and it iS just in
811080 010008 when the help of 11. man comes
in to aid tho true to throw off that bark
which nature itself desired to throw off, bnt
was unable to accomplish,
A Miner's Prayer Por Death,
Ott September I 201, 1889, a miner named
130111001 Norwood, residing in Outdates tane
Old Hifi, WRS 1:1100100d 1104811 by IL 11011Ny
fall 01 00111, W11111111 itt work ns pikoman
a gate road, at the Now ilowne
Hidesowen. Norwood was badly Injured
and open being removed to his home Dr.
Do Donne found that the lack end Het
0%11 91/0111 broken. NO hopes were given
of his recovery, but he lingered foe two
yeare and four menthe, (loath taking place
a day or two ago, The deceased 1400 110011 n
great aufferoo, aucl a few days proviens 0
his death he made it request t tho mieist er
officiating at a service ot the Tabernaelo in
01V for 'hint to die, stittinkr. that ho could
not onduro the sedating. 110 Woe 110 pars
of age.
I5.11cms, the Humorist.
Illlkin., the humorist, aerate/Jed him head,
" I l's 110191 I 0 be always funny," he sit id ;
"To luxe eiti Lwii emunine a week of wit,
. It's enough to Make 111). 11010 head spilt.
died 11400, down the stairs %vitt; clatter and
noise,
.c'aine into the renal hiA !Air haired boys
1 foreld 1 no gravlven, W 111 hi 100 nine,
And s.lar-ered, 'ruddy ,just turned 1 WO.
HOW !boy lensed Mtn -eaeli merry lad 1
They 901/eii hie bitir -what nine he foul :
And the one,' ion, that. mime from onell lath
elf
Would puzzle the Sphinx to 11714W1.8 1101'801g.
Poor 1111kim: head swain round and round
Until he ontlkl 80111•001y 400 I no grouno,
"rill lie middenly 11,,iught of a briillanteeliono,
Anti his e 10111.0100000 4011110 with a smile ,. u.
armee
Ifo wrote all about the goldhaired hors,
about their eneei jell., /11111 their 11,,i4ii ;
?fru iv i'1111fie (ilb!'ll'o'llitilri(Vof illittltelIV.:(1',"Id.
Ere long the letter was allowed through .
lelnisheil5 all hill a 801L10111/0 or Wo,
1'/11 glue. times none 11111,1555, 5,5,1„1,
.And trout for a frillle with little Ted,
So the 01011 U.4001111 1113' on Me desk all night.
ii)1,1101(g111::„tTiriT(IgloitItitgolility,
P ia he lows little golomaired Teddy away.
• Tho world seemed bleak and drear that
night
d dead '
I ninist finish thin lotter,"- so Midas seld.
Then he yrote, while his heart was numb with
pain,
Of a tease who would nover wage again ;
sandlot wrote the' the page 10118 0041 08; WItIl
113/410,
Of brave little Toddy's hopes and fears.
Then the last W0141,1. that wore Almost a Pray or,
And almost a cry of dark despair,
About mon who work and women who weep
While golthimir Toddy lies still-asloop,
Over the country the 1111.1101.4 ened;
And Blades' letter was widely read.
They Jammed at the pranks of the goldhaired
boys
And smiled over Toddy's childish Joys.
But when they canto to the sad last part,
An aching eamo into each mother's heart ;
Andean!' father said 114 110 10 .ked away,
Why litikIne isn't so funny to -day."
Saoh a Woman as Lae.
She Wet so vary pretty
And ehe len't so very wise:
There's tote o' women more hefty
In beauty and brains than Lise ;
But Minerva rind Venus together
mho', perhaps, 11, might neVer 000111'
To any one else to think 80 -
00110111.1 11001 119 a eancile to her!
There's a sort of something about lier
That took my bum/ from the 0011.1,
And -though sho ain't moil in the queen Roo-
tlet hor 00 on a throne in nly heart ;
And there's no one that's over come ingh her!
Oh, all the belles of the town,
pegged out le their hest, ain't 110%010re
By Lisa in a calico gown!
She's human, of course, rot no angel
Llould ever suit me half so well;
sho don't seem quite so saintly
As some folks of whom I've heard tell -
When she eotnes to the door to meet me,
A -holding a' little Ted,
There's times when 1 halfway -fancy -
There's a halo around her head.
That she's sot a way of her own, tho'
And a tongue of her own, too, I'm free
To confess. l3nt though she ain't perfect.
She's darned sight bettor than met
And, ely boy, when look around me
Somothnos and sort o size
Dp the world. I know that I'm lucky
To love such a woman os Lieu I
The Stor7 of Black Bob.
.a. famous regimental pet in days gone by
was Black Bob, a Mese which belonged to
the Eighth King's Royal Irish Light Dra-
goons -new hussars. Black B013 was foaled
at the Cape and lie became the favorite
oharger of Rollo Gillespie, colonel of the
"Royal Irish." The heroic) Gillespie fell at
Kalunga (1841), and aftee that affair Black
Bob 417118 pllt Up at auction, "with his sad-
dle aucl housinge still spotted with the blood
of his gallant master." Gillespie was great-
ly beloved by the Royal Irish, and they de-
termined oat to 1M the charger go out of the
regiments The npset price was 300 guineas,
and an aims of the Twenty-fifth Light
Dragooes bid 400 ,y,ttineas, but tho Irish
troopers bid 500 guineas among themselves,
and so Black Bob became thole property.
Blank Bob alwitys marched at the bead of
the vegiment, end could distinguish the
trumpets of the Eighth from those of any
other terns. It is said that he was partial
to tho air of "Garry Owen," always pricking
his ears when the bond struck up the na-
tionel tune. At length when the Eighth
was ordered home circumstances reodered
imperative that their " pet" should be sold,
and Black Bob was bought by a. civilian at
Cawnpore, to whom the Itish troopers 0.
t1.1111011. ball the moiley on his solemnlyunder-
taking that the old horse should pass the
remainder of his days in comfort But
poor old Bob had only beon three days
in his new quarters when he beard
the trumpets of the Eighth as the regiment
marched off tte day-Inenk to embark for
Calcutta. At the well-known 1000d tho old
horse became frantic and made every effort
to escape from his stable, until 180011 out
with his exertions and well-nigh strangled
ha sat down exhausted. As days passed by,
and Bob &LW 110 more the .M01111110 11111 forms,
and heard no more the trumpets nor the
vonies of his obi comrades, he began to pine
away ref using his corn and other food that
was offered him ; so his owner had him
turned out into a paddock. But the 111o.
meet be wns free Black Rob jumped the
bamboo fence and golloped MR° the cantou.
ments of 4110 European eavalry. Melting
Thr the parade ground, the old horao trotted
up whinneying to the saluting point, and ou
the spot where he hod so often taken post
Wi h Rollo Gillespie on his back, watching
the squadrons of the Royal Irish defile past,
Week Bob fell down and died.
Beowning Left-handed Suddenly.
ye trs ego a young ad v of Fall River
Masa , was hit npon the lett aide of her head
by e, follme; sign as the was walking aloug
street in Boston. This wus followed by brain
fever. After 0011111 11/011108 8110 WaS 11.8 W011 1 11
oiled and body as ever, but from a rights
handed person she had become so loft hand.
ed that sho could neither out SeW or Write
Wi I 1; her right hand, but found it easy
to (Ii) all these things with her left lier
right hand 90105 jttst alma its useful as her
left hand bad boon before she Was 11111%. 1 N1 11141.
is strange is that, with so rocent a change in
the mei of her lands, she oever makes on
awkward Motion, mid 1 ea greceful in the
Iwo (if her left hand US if she bed been born
ef t ncied
Quite Eight,
" Now, John," said a teneher, "if your
mother eltould send you for helf dozen
qv; and they Wore three etude each, hoW
me It would yoe pay foe them 1
" N Ailing," replied Joint.
" Can sonie r 1 her boy answer the quote
/1011 "
" would pay nothing, sn• !"
od a bey at the 01 her ond of he room.
'• You mu as groat a cluoce as John," seta
t he teacher,
" No ain't," retorted the hey " for him
Inor her ;seta everything on tick 1"
7
TUB HUBSOIT23.AY L. 0 MPA./iY.
itemericonpi..1N=.1,,1,4
The Bakal' Bey Compatly'e molds weraes
not the firm linntoric molter -1 rielme in Brit,
Allierlea, ancient as Wil4 11011' foundation, .
The French, amei the Camolitai, preeedea,
them no one knows how 1111011y y01180, 1110110,
it. hi Oat it Wa4 144 early 11.4 11127 014
5 Louis XIII. chartered a. nimpany of the
some Hort and for the same aims ati tb0 Eng:.
111111 00111p1011y.
Whatever came of that itorporation I dna
not know, but by the itine the Eitgliahmen
established theurseives 1-110100n Bay, in.
dividnal Frenolunen and half .hreetie
penetrated the county), still farther west.
They were of hardy adventurone stook, mast
they loted the free roving life M the trap-
per and hunter. Fitted out by the mer-
chants uf Canada they would pursue the
waterways whieh 'there out up the wilder-
ness in every direction, their canoes laden.
with geode to tempt the savages, and them -
guns or traps farming part of their burdens
They would be gone tbe greater part of a
yem, and always returned with a store oa
furs to be converted into money, which was,„
in turn, dissipated in the oities with devil --
/nay -care jollity,.
'Plisse wore the courtiers du bola, and
theirs tam the stock from whieh came the
voye.geurs of the next era, 0.1101 the half-
breeds, who. joined the service of the rival..
fur companies, and who, by -the -way, red-
dened the history of the Northwest territor.-
ies with the little bloodshed that mars la
Charles LI. of lngland was made to boa
lieve that wonders in the way of discovezor
and trade would result from a grant of the
Hudson 13ay territory to csmain friends and
petitioners. An experimental voyage was -
made with good results in 1668, and
in 1072 the King granted the oharter-
to what he syied " The Governor -
and Company of Adventurers of Engl on&
trading into Hudson's Bay one body cor-
porate end politique, in deed and in name
really and fully forever, for Us, Our helm
and suaceseors." It was indeed a royal and
a wholesale charter, for the King declared,
We lave given, granted and confirmed un-
to said Governor and Company sole trades:,
and commerce of those8eas, Streights, Bays,„
Rivers, Lakes, Creeks and 'Sounds iu what..
ever latitude they shall be, that lie within
the Streights commonly called Hudsonat
together with all the Lends, Countries, and'
Territories upon the Doastsundconfinesof the.
Seas, etc., not already actually possessed by
or granted toanyofour subjects, orpossesse&
by the subjects of any other Christian
Prince of Stets, with the fishing of other
of fish, Whales, Sturgens, and all sorts of
Royal Fishes, together with Royality of
the sea upon the coasts within the limits..
aforesaid, and all Mines Royal as well dis-
covered os not discovered, of Gold, Silver.
Getna, and Precious Stones, and that the.
said lands be henceforth reckoned and re-
puted as one of Our Plantations of Coloniem
in America called Rupert's Land." For
this gift of an empire the cutporation wee -
to pay yeitrly to the King, his heirs anel
succeeSore, two elks and two black beavers.
whenever and as often as he, his heirs and
successors "shall happen to enter into the
said countries.' The company was empow-
ered ta man ships of war, to create an armed.
force for seourity and defence, to make
peace or war with any people that were not
Christians and to seise any British or ether
subject:who traded in their territory. The
King named his eciusin, Priem Rupert,.
Duke of Cumberland, to be first governor
and it was in his honor that the 110W terri-
tory got its name of Rupertts Land.
In tne company were the Duke of Albea
merle, Earl Craven, Lorde Arlington and.
Ashley, and several knights and baronets.
Sir Philip Carteret among them. There were
also five esquires, or gentlemen, and john
Portman, citizen and goldsmith. They -
adopted the witty sentence, "Pro pelle
tent' (A skin for a akin), as their motto.
and eeteblished as their coot of arms a.
fax sejant as the crest, wed a shield show-
ing four beavers in the (mortars, and the
cross of St, George, the W11010 upheld by
two stags.
The "adventurers" quickly established_
forts on the shores of the Hudson Bay, and.
they began trading with the Indians, with.
such success that it was rumored -they made -
t wenty.five to fifty per cent. profit every
year. 13ut they, exhibited all that timidity
which capital is ever said to p.osseas. .T110
were nothing dike as enterprising as the
French Courrts du 1100, In a hundred yearn
they were no deeper in the eountry
than at first, excepting as they extend-
ed their system of forts or " fac-
tories " up and down and ozt either -
sides of the Hudson and James bays. In
V/OW of their profits, perhops this lack of
enterprise is not to be wondered at. On the
°thee hancl, their charter 18148 given as a re-
ward for tho efforts they had made, and
were to make, to find " the Northwest pas-
sage to the Southern seas," and in this quest
they mado less of a tried than in the getting
of furs ; hose much lass WO shall am. But
the company had no leek of brave and hardy
followers. first the °Moms and men at
the f eateries were nearly nal f rom the Orkney
Islands end those islands remained until
recent 'times the recruiting source of this
service, This was 'menu, the Orkney men
were inuring to a rigorous climate, and too
diot targets, composed of fish. They wore
subject to less of it change in the compeny's
service than mnst have been endured by
mon from alma any part of Eogland.
The attitude of the compaplyitti7eaardd,
emery suggests a Dogberry
ding his servants to " comprelteud " the
Icorthwest passage, but shnuld they fail, to
thank God they were rid of a villain. In
tenth, they were teaders pure and simple,
and were making great. profits with little
trouble 0.1111 00110110M
They brought from England about :34000
worth of powder, shot, gum fire -steels,
flints, gun -worms, powder -horns, pistols,
hatchets, sword blades, awl blades ice
chisels, tilos, kettles, fish-hooks, net 'lines
tinning ghteses, looking -glasses, Wham°,
brandy, goggles, gloves, hats, lace, needles,
thread, thimbles, breeches, vermilion, worst-
ed sashes, blankets, flannels, rod feathers,
buttons, bonds, aud. " shirts, shoes, and
took ings."
They spent, in keeping up their posts and
shims about 15,1 0(1, and in return they
brought to England. costortum whale fins,
whale oil, deer horns, goose, quills, bed fea-
thers, alla skins -in all of a value of &bent
,326,000 per annum, I have takon the
average for several years in that.period of
the company's history, atul it in our
money 00 if they spent 8110,000 anti got back
$1 30,000, mul this is their ON% n allowing
under melt etromnstances as to make lt, the
course ef wisdom not to boast of their pro-
fits. They had three times trebled their
sztiii),(0.1.c mud othent ise inereaseil it, set that
having hem 10,010 shal es et the ontSet, it
noW 103,1100 slim es.--gittrper's Mega.
801110 pereone novee got further out of
their own little eirele than the 'wooden
horses 111 a merry.go.round.