The Brussels Post, 1899-1-20, Page 21311USSSLIS POST,
T!» Horne
—efeeleenneel
HOT CAKES.
A patioake and a griddle cake
two distinotively different varietie
hat bread. The pancake proper 1
very thin mike baked on a pan ozs
iron opider. This cake belongs prop
to the European cuisine and is
tittered naore of a dessert than a br
fast dish. The griddle cake is a so
what thicker cake and one entirely
known in European cookery. The o
cake approaching our griddle cake
Use on the other side of the Mean
the Soothe scone, remarks the N
;York Tribune in preface to an en
t
tattling disquisition ou the trio
of the griddle, in winch occur te
items t
Properly speaking, the griddle cake
is made ot buckwileat, but in addi-
tion to tbese cakes we new have 1
griddle cake of Indian meal, a dir
evolution of the old hoectike or ash
cake of the South, and the Philadelphia
flannel cakes made wheaten
flour. Recently griddle cakes have
been made of graham, whole-wheat and
en various other flours, but such cakes
are not often successful. The rice and
the hominy griddle cakes of the South,
on the contrary, are most excellent,
And so are the bread cakes of New Eng-
land. The qualities of graham and of
'Most brown flours are such that they
require abundance of time in bakin
and a griddle cake nuad e from the
is hard and crusty on the outside bel
it is done through.
The soapstone griddle cake is one 1
whir% all tereterness and wholesom
sweetness have been sacrificed to tb
trifling annoyance of the smoking fat
'of frying. Cakes baked on a soa
stone require the use of molasses o
norne other material to make the
brown, and this gives them a mars
rank flavor.
.For buckwheat cakes buy the bes
brand of pure buckwheat. Purchase i
in quantity from the innl if you ca
before it has passed through any see
and hands, where it maty be adulterat
ed with inferior flour.
To four cups of pure buckwheat floe
add one small cup of yellow Indian
meal and a tablespoonful of salt. Mix
ane cup of cold milk with three cup
of hot water, making the mixtureo
luke-warra. Add the liquid slowly t
the dry ingredients, so as to prevent
lumps. When the batter is all mixed
Smoothly, add a melted yeast cake and
beat it as vigorously as possible for
at least six minutes. These cakes should
be set in an earthen buckwheat MID
with a tin cover and a spout capped
with tin. Put them to raise about 7
o'clock in the evening. On a Gold night
toyer them up closely in a bread blan-
ket or a wadded rosy, kept for the
purpose, and let them stand behind the
stove or in some warm Timm,
Just before baking them mix an even
teaspoonfuz of soda in a cup of warm
milk and beat this into the batter. The
cakes should foam up in great bubbles
alter adding the suda. Have a little
beef suet tried out and a "swab" with
which to grease the griddle. Be oars -
£u] to make the cakes perfect circles;
it makes a great deal of difference in.
their appearance on the table, .A
round griddle is the best shape. It
should be of polished iron, so that it
is easily cleaned. Do not use a par-
ticle of molasses in buckwheat cakes.
Tt is a frequent device of economical
women Wim wish to secure brown
cakes and are ntt. willing to mix them
with milk. itio cakes made with water
alone are as tender as when sumemilk
is umd.
Is the part of a wise mother to ley
in a supply of apples and allow the
children uerestraieted access to the
try it.
CAKE MOLDS,
This is the season of the year when
are more pastry and desserts are needed
s ee than at any other time. During the
s summer season the bill of fare oan be
heet
ern,
000-
tat-
me-
un-
nly
in
is
ew
er-
ese
eo varied with the different fresh
fruits and vegetables that one does
not require twilling else to help out,
but during the winter, when the
market dem not afford such variation,
the housewife must keep a supply of
pies and cakes constantly on band with
winch to tempt the lagging appetites
of her household. The children, too,
must have something Moe for their
lunch boxes for, at the best, a cold
Math is but a poor substitute for a
good warm dinner.
.But this means work for the house-
wife and everything possible should be
done to facilitate this extra labor, and
he to make the results of this labor suo-
eot I ressful.
We have an. of us had the same ex-
perience at some time. We have work-
ed so bard to have our cake baking
successful and have placed the cake in
the oven thinking it would be dello-
Mus, only to have it come out a sodden
mass or to have it stick fast to the
Pans upon attempting to remove it.
We all know bow discouraging this
is, the Mrs, Van Dusen cake molds
we have a successful remedy fax all
this trouble. They truly fill a long felt
want. By the use of these molds the
disagreeable feature of cake making
is done away with—that of greasing
the tins; and all danger of cakes set-
tling or sticking is avoided. These
molds come in sets, consisting of one
10
re, oaf and three layer molds, one Van
Dusen egg whip, ono measuring cup
and a felt set of recipes, and every
" household should have a set.
e
CHILBLAINS ARE FROST BOILS.
nenieeite Mr Them Set Numerous—Treat
O Melt( That May Prevent Them.
When winter brings a crop of 01111-
8, blains on the feet, and perhaps on the
hands also, it cannot be called an 110-
t joyable season. The susceptibility to
these pests varies in individuals. At -
/a ter they have once made their appear-
- awe they are likely to come again in
- the eame place where they have been
e before.
With many people the beginning of
cold weather is accompanied by the
first throbs of pain in the spot where.
htere has been a chilblain in preceding
witters. Then the afflicted place
swells and becomes inflamed until a
shoe is hardly to be endured. If men-
.
EATING BETWEEN MEALS.
The practice of eating between meals
is sternly discountenanced by many
well-meaning individuals, who are of
dyspeptic habit, or perhaps do better
without any additional. nourishment in
the course of a sedentary life. They
are apt to enforce obedience from their
ehildren on this point on the ground
that whet suits the mother's digestion
must be equally suitable to the di -
restive apparatus of the children, The
case is very different, Growing chil-
dren of active disposition, says an ex-
change, are apt to be hungry most of
the tirae, and are willing to accept the
proffer of anything good to eat, from
their own point od view, al, almost any
hour, Indeed, the boy who is getting
his growth rapidly frequently eats as
ir his legs were bellow or as if be had
tie many cavities to be filled as those
that occur in the °melee: stomach of
1, ruminant.
It was on this amount, doubtless that
the immortal autocrat laid down his
golden rale for ascertaining the youth
of indivittual, namely, to offer the
muipected. person a bun immediately be -
tore dinner and then to note whether
It be amepted.
Since active children nand frequent
refreshment and assimilate it without
difficulty, it is well to give them the
most suitable food. Cakes and sweets
generally are not desirable became they
take away the appetite fax a regular
mat to which they appertain as a
kind of dessert. Tho better plan Is to
keep a generous supply of fresh fruit
constantly hand in the house. When
child becomes hungry between meal
end asks for something Co eat, give
him apple% grapes or a peach,
It seen to be a welleiseertained Mot
that apples, while satisfying the emp-
ty sensation of a buttery Leeson, do
. not interfere with enjoyment of one's
regular meals'. The apple is Par an-
e tellenee a beanie food, It helps to keep
the digestive apparatus in good work -
ng order, and the weak eubeefd of the
fruit appears to act n. lubrieant to
the tnaehinery of the bunion body.
Therefore, instead of refusing to
at -
low your children to tat between meals,
50 thstead of perinittitig thein to cram
15088 blecitite, ereckere, or oaken it
r-•_.-4,-t-do- 4-4-4-4-4-4
‘4,
; Young Folks.
SIEAPS OF MONNY.
Every little lassie and every tiny lad,
line Imps and liettps o' money—it might
to make you. glad!
It leen in arlsp banknotes, nor coins just
om e rule ;
This money you all lave to use—ra
without stint,
You can help dear Grandma Tired
mamma pressed with work,
And a regineet of toilers, who haven't
time to shirk;
The conehman, and the gardener, 41s°
too, the nurse,
With the money you have stored away—
.. full is every purse!
011,'ea,indeed, you have teme and ev-
ery bit fon use;
Why, lads and lassies, really, it's lying
'round you loosel
Do not spend it carelessly- fax you can -
Met trade it back,
This wealth—foe ' time is money," of
which you Java 00 lack!
_ • µ
JAN, 20, 1899
0111 Agate, making up a horrible fame
and glaring at Jessie and teen at brown
Bet ty,
Suddenly a voice from behind ex-
claimed, " Hold up your heeds 1" The
nein entried, with a terrible oath, and
Limning quickly emend held up his
bandit tor (he muzzle of Bert's revol-
ver was pointed directly at bis bead.
" New," said Berl, " you just eat. up
erery crumb of teat brown Betty, or
11 blow your brains out!" Tim man
ono! turned pale fright, mid attacking
poor Bette began in sceop it up, milt-
, and thug end sputtering all the while, till
me -fourths of it bad dieappeared,
iii;ebaelietngheloolaktd. his hand over his stom-
ach and tuned to Bert with an 111)-
pealing
No," said Bert, " eat it all Mt FM
went for it again, making up a hor-
rible grinmee for it buret his mouth
dreadfully. When he had consumed the
rest Bert said, "Now get up 1" the man
obeyed, '' Melee," said Bert. 110 march-
ed to the door, l3ert following with the
pistol still pointed, "Now run as fast
cte you can till you are out of sight
and if you come around here again
you'll get bullet through you." The
tramp took to his ,beals and Bert and
Jessie watthed him till he was out of
sight, Thert-Bert dropped his pistol and
rolled on the floor, convulsed with
laughter, while Jessie sat down and
olahuogokhsed till the tears ran down her
Really," she said, " brown Betty did
some good after all."
— •
..TESEY AND RER BROWN 13ETTY.
"Oti, Jessie, I have just received word
that Auet Ruth has been taken sex-
iously ill and I must go at Once, as
there is no one there to take care of
her. I really don't see ivhat I can do,
Bridget won't be here before Thurs-
day, and who is to get the meals while
I am gone ?"
'01,, don': mind"about the meals,
mamma, said Jessie,. "I think I
prepare a few simple meals, and
know papa is not at all particular.
for Bert, why he will have to get al
whether he likes it or not."
After some thought, Mrs, Warren
aided to leave Jessie in cbarge of
house, for, she thought, Jessie is
years old and it is high time for
to make herself useful, and this will
be a good opportunity for her to begin.
So she told John he might get the horse
and buggy and drive her eat fo the
farm where Aunt Ruth lived, which
was about eight miles through the
woods. When she was ready Mrs. W
ren gave Jessie a few orders and dro
off, only stopping at Ur, Warren's
Gee to tell him where they were g
ing.
As aeon as they were gone, Jas
made the beds, tidied up the boll
and then began preparations for di
net. Sbe tbought she would begi
quite etuly so she would have elent
of time, for, you see, Jessie knew ver
little about conking. She had deeided o
everything she was going to prepare
except the dessert, when she re
membered having seen a recipe for
Ing Ls done to check their progress, go
chilblains sometimes come to head and ' ro
break open like a boil. In fact, the Sh
ur Betty was in the oven. a essM
HOW 1e1511 BRBATFIE.
Dish do not breathe air, but the life-,
:importing constituent of air—ox9gen
give—which is eoluble in water to the
can e. en of 3 volatiles in 100 at ordinary
you teenperatures and 4in 100 at freezing
As P°5ut.
The water containing the dissolved
ong oxygen is made to pees over the gills,
w ere it is separated trona the blood
only by a vele,' thin membranenhrough
wlsoh Thalj the
Mega-tel.-a% adbltenvteortiPahsasv.
for their respiration, aud if it be-
e to de -
entirely upon tlus store of oxy-
de-
the
12
her go
come, exhausted they are suffoeated,
jun: as we should be it deprived of
os.ygen.
It rarely happens eowever, that an7
considerable wine of water is entirely
covered wit h ire, sapaci lily in the care
of rivers. Holes and cracks are al-
most stnn to mime here and there by
ar- which the oxygen of the air can reach
ve the water and become diseolved in it.
of- During a long fro it fish may always be
ea found congregated beneath air holes in
lerge numbers. They are there to
breathe.
tie
se, FOR SIFIED MONASTERY.
n-
n Intere the Menke Showed Contenspt 'for
British Attacks.
o For a country the ruler of whMh
n holds such emphatic views on the sub-
ject of universal peace, Russia holds
the strongest fortified institution in
a the worid, It is Um monastery of Solo-
vetsk, and if any military experts de-
sire points as to the bast method of
Protecting vital spots, they can do no
better than pay a visit. to this abode
of monks and take a few lessons in
practioal defence from the practical
brethren wbo live there.
Granite Omit:tars from the thief pro-
tection. They are arranged in a formid-
able circle completely enclosing the
monastery. At no point in the solid
wall could the attacks of an enemy
make an. impression. The huge rooks
trnotaokoeo: line nearly a mile in oircum-
It was during the pdriod of the
Crimean War that the strength of the
fortifications was tested and proved.
The walls and the towers bald huge
gems, and the men behind the guns
knew their business, whith was topper
a fire into the British White Sea
Seuadron. The monasnery, which con-
sists of six churches, bald a valuable
store of precious stones and statuary.
The monkai did not remain inside der-
ing the shelling of their home, but
coolly walked around the ledges of the
granite wells to show their indiffer-
ence to the work of the attacking
forms.
The monastery is a noted place, and
it is estimated that the yearly number
of pilgrims visiting it amounts to 10,-
000. Wake man the steamers which
carry these crowds of men and women
anxious to see the fortifications and the
relies in the churches.
CAUGHT IN A BEAR TRAP,
own Betty her mamma had made a
od while ago, and Jessie bad never
rgotten the fragrant, spicy pudding.
e found the recipe and in ball an
German name, "frost bon," acouratelY bio
describes the nature of the disease. In '
Germany, owing in part probably to
the tenure of the climate, which makes w
the cold peculiarly penetrating and dr
stinging, mad in part to houses being pa
so poorly warmed that the inmates di
constantly have cold bands and feet, Be
Ls affliction seems much more cum. te
mon. and more severe than here. Music to
students sometimes have their hands pr
so covered with chilblains that it is Te
difficult for them to praotice. ed
Chilblains are a blood disease. The re
cold acts on some people as a blood poi- pa
son, and these troublesome boils result. to
The remedy is not to be found in out- hi
ward applications only, although those au
may give relief; but something must len
be token to restore the blind to a heal- a
thy condition. Tablets composed of it
one-fourth of a grain of calcium sul- a
phide is recommended by a physician lac
as a blood purifier. One of these is fou
to be taken three times a day fax three of
or four daya, when the chilblains first vet
start. No medicine can work a per- Op
manent mire, bemuse whenever the rou
hands and feet become tborougbly cold she
the diseased =edition of the blood will
return. The remedy should lee kept bo
at hand and repeated as many times "
during the winter as any signs of the not
chilblains appear. Sulphur is also "
sometimes given where the chilblains n't
are a long standing. The Barns rem-
edy is also used where there is a con- to
stentional tendency to corns. boa
Aa an outward application for chile len
Mains varioas plasters and washes are for
recommended. A cloth smeared with kne
veseline bound on the foot et night her
will take out the inflammation and dow
soreness. Both arnica lotion and rats
alum water rubbed several times a en
day are good remedies. These aro
especially useful when chilblains are Tes
an the bands, where piasters would be "
inoonventent. plen
There is little hope of getting. rid. of wis
chilblains alter their coming is once looir
established as a habit, unless great frig
care is Olken to avoid their muse. That lona
lien in violent changes of tetnperae to t
Lure (18 meth as in exposure. to cold. will
The feet and hands should be care- putt
tufty protected. from oold, and if chill- with
ad they sbould not be held near a hot putt
fire. The hands should not ba put in- said
to very hot or cold water, and after "
evashing 11 18 well to rub both hands
and feet with it little camphorated oil, it."
A dry ccmdition of the skin is usually ,Te
found with chilblains, which if count- t•an
emoted by the oil and camphor will wiie
atm drive away abilblabns when just "Oh
starting. fy,
J3y taking the proper preeau.tions haa
against incurring chilblains a.nd using arra
remedies promptly when they appear red
they may be eo subdued as to give Ut- take
tis troeble. But their victira need mese
have no hope of securing immun- "le
ity teem them in cold weather except yen
at the prie.e of eternal, vigilante.
en fixed her chicken, cooked the po-
toes Ind made a nice salad.
11 was then half past 10, and Jessie
ent up to her room to change her
ess and make herself neat before her
pa and Bert mine home at 12. Har
nner was ready, all except the brown
tty, and that ,o ld b • 11
w minutes. When Jessie had made her
ilet, she came clown and was sun-
ised to find Bert there. Bert was
ssien 10 -year-old brother. She ask -
hien what the matter was, and he
plied that he did not feel well and
pa bad sent bim home. Be went up
his room, and when Jessie bad made
m quite comfortable, she came down
d took Betty out of the oven. " Oh,
't it lovely," thought Jessie, "Such
delicious brown Betty, I wonder if
tastes as good as it Molts." Taking up
spoon she tasted 1e, made ut) a wrY
e and spit it out. To her grief, she
nd she had used red pepper instead
cinnamon Poor Jessie was on the
'go of tears when she heard a knock.
ening the door she came upon the
gbest looking specimen of a tramp
had ever Seen.
Say, miss," he said, " is father
me?"
No," replied nessie, " my father is
at home."
Well, never mind, but say, could
-
you give a fallow a bite?"
Oh, certainly." seed Jessie, turning
the table, where she took up a
f of bread, intending to wrap up a
oh and give him to get rid of hiza,
she felt a little afraid, though she
w Bert was in the house. But to
surprise the man walked in and sat
n to the table, saying, "Look here,
a, I want some o' that fried chick -
and a dish o' that there puddle',
Why, 1 Oen% give you that," said
sie, "it's my papa's dinner,'
Yes, you can," he said, " there's
ty, and if you don't—why, you'll
h you did," giving her a warning
. Jessie was getting terribly
biened and placed the chicken and
toes before him. When she came
he brown Betty she thought, "Bs
surely kill me when be tastes this
ding. Ole dear, what shall I do.1.
1 could tell Bert." She set the
ding on the table, when the tramp
Ain't yer got no pickles f"
Yes there's some down oellar."
Wei'l. gat 'em end be quick about
SSIA Slopped in the dining room and
quickly up the stairs to Beresroone
re she found him lying on the bed,
, Berl," she whispered breathless -
there's a tramp in the kitchen and
eating up all our dinner and I'm
Id hell kill us, for 11 put a la of
pepper to the brown 13etty by one-
, anti hell think I did it on pur-
e'
ever mind, sis," said Bert, "just
go down end don't be afraid; 1,11
bim,"go ng to tee bureau where
he took out a revolver. In the mean-
while jessie ran down to the dining
room, and taking a glass ot pielcies off
the table, elm stepped into the kitchen
and set; Olean before tba tramp, who
was devouring tho chicken greedily.
Took you some long time to get
li? remarked
"nt
el , its quite farand 7 had to
epee 'the jar ad get elm oni," said
nessie, for she Was feeling (Mite brave
now that Bert knew all 01,5011 11 Pre-
sently the man took up the disb of
brown Betty, arid gobbled up a big
mouthful, which be immediately spit
THE ODMIVIINSVILLE SAGE,
The average politician, amid the Cum-,
minsville, Sage, regards a campaign
somewhat alter tbe way of a bottle,
Ine won't open it unless he thinks there
is something in it,
•
LED ASTRAY.
Her, thoeted the bailiff, 7011 (Wet
gun here, These are private grounds.
But 1 thotight this was the open se51.
son for genie, protested the sports -
nue.
cattadtah Baltitreed Was Three Matte
0011 Poem bays Without 1,0011.
Last spring there occurred at Green
Lake, a hundred and thirty miles
north-west of Prince Albert, Saskatch-
ewan, an accident which illustrates
the stoical character of the Indian or
ME OF THE UNBRELLA.,
FROM ITS EARLIEST USE IN EGYPT
TO THE PRESENT DAY,
let straggle Agalunt British Conservatism
—Quern Vielortit Slow lerrorated With
Eighteen Umbrellas—Cady and the
vailwvIta le China -- Row 'they APO
elanantri twee here—Freak litithrellas.
It is almost impossible nowada
imagine a person who could obje
carrying an umbrella in the rain.
Montaigne, who lived tbree cent
ago, declared that the umbrella
"a greater burden to a eatio's
than relief to his head." Later
this, In . Addison's time, in DOA
there was much ridicule of a eea
man who, leaving the famous 11
coffee house, sent back for an tunb
when he found it raining. The
tious host sent a message with
iunbrella—there was only one umb
in the entire establislament—and
dainty man was informed that if
would. return to the coffee 'louse
might bave "the maid's putt
also. If a man appeared on
streets of London publicly with an
tarella in the early part of the e
teeth century he was sure to
greeted with gibes, cries of "Fren
don't you want a coach?" and the
The first man who dared openly
meet this storm of ridicule is said
have been the famous philanthro
Jenne Etanway, who was born in 1
He lead a great deal of fun poked
him, but he continued to carry
umbrella whenever it rained, and o
era soon. lied the courage to follow
example. At the time of bis dem
in 1784, all England was carrying
brellas.
Montaigne's objection to the wet
f umbrellas was, in his time atill
two centhries etterward, quite a ju
liable one. It was a small tunbre
then avhieb weighed theme and a la
pounds. Instead of the thin, tai
proof fabrics which now form the o
axing of Umbrellas, nothing better
known than leather or oilcloth. 'I
ribs were of wood or of whalebone, a
sucla a thing as a steel rod was,
course unknoavn. The stiole was us
ally of heavy oak. Many umbrel
ad the additional incumbrance
anthers over the top, 0)3. the the
f "shedding water off a duak's bac
ut the oilcloth and leather umbrell
otivithsteneing the feathers, were a
o leak.
Properly .speaking, there are no su
Mugs as "umbrella. factories." P
umbrella maker puts the parts of t
umbrella together. Ouly that.
not been many years since aim
erything used in making an umbre
came from the Old World. T
eel rod, which by processes disoove
out three years ago was made p0
bit for - the cheaper as well as th
gh-priced umbrellas, was up to th
eue always an imported artiele. 11 wa
great' discovery when. steel eram
anufaceurers found that hollow ste
ba were just as good as solid one
the mealiest umbrella, has at lea
yen ribs, this discovery lessened th
ight of umbrellas very materially
e oonamon paragon Frame has eigh
bs. Some umbrellas, the kind the,
e called "family umbrellas," and er
d to go fishing with, have es man
sixteen ribs. It Is not quite fift
ars since the paragon frame was in
Med.. It was patented by Samue
x, an Englislunan, in 1852, and ha
d more to do with impart
ength, lightness and elasticity t
umbrella than anything else
„bOok could be written about the
sous materials from which umbrella
miles are made. The partridge, or
18, as it is called in France, is on
the best natural woods. It come
rn a tree in Africa, and is hard on
outside and soft on the inside. The
abian vine is a beautiful, extremely
d wood. Another is the Weichsel
go pieces are distinguished for the
ural wood knots, which occur at ex -
y regular intervals. The Malaga
shintag•, straight, smooth stiele,
ceptible of a very high polish. Bem-
is used a great deal, and also rat -
Ebony, pearl, rosewood, silver,
esden °hum, pearl and ivory are
e of the popular materials Mr high-
od umbrella handles,
WM. gold hue:Mies axe never found
aha ordinary umbrella or jewelry
e, and are made only when speon
ordered.
any curious umbrellas owne to the
tuella mender's shop. One which
ing mended filet now can be taken
't and put la one's pooket.TIse
k of wood, about an inch in die-
ter. The cover oat. be turned M -
out and tented into a small bun -
By touching a spring the ribs
e oLf, straighten out, and May be
d the hollow of the stick, which
hen a presentable walking stick, It
mind very convenient by its own -
who is a drummer. Another
was lately mended is still M010
nious, The handle is curved, and
n a spring is pressed a pipe flies
The ribs are stowed away in the
re, and the owner hes a walking
, but in the centre there is also
pier, whith may be drawn out.
her neat invention is a hollow
which contaite a eamp chair,
e steel supports are pressed out 04
op of the ant*, a triangular piece
=Yen put on, and a seat its had
h at leftist as comfortable as a
le eaddle. All of these strange
alias (erne fro rn the Old World.
umbrella, makers say that Europe
take much more pride in their
alas than do people of tbie coun-
Meny little jokes are concealed
o eel retie, handles there, Al
le may present the appearance ot
men of a monkey or eat or some
eithrtal, and a secret spring vele
the little creature to open its
h and, spit drop of oologue oa
beitoi der.
ys to
ot to
Yet
arias
Was
hand
than
don,
Lan
'1115
xella
face -
the
retie
the
ha
he
ens"
tha
um-
Igh-
be
oby,
iko.
to
to
712.
at
his
th-
bis
tb,
ght
for
51 -
iia
alf
n-
ov-
0151
nee
and
of
0 -
bit
of
as,
pt
ch
he
118
it
st
he
s-
it
at
a
el
s.
te
8
•
A creseenteolutped beadle In very
annum tiee is known among dealers
au the "Prince of Wales orook." Tinos
not so remarkable as the Insight
which the King, oe Siam. has conferredr
on Queen Victoria and, on Lim Empero
of Germany, the "Collar of the Order
of Lite White Elephent of Slain." 'The
decoration coashits of two pyramids of
nine untareiles ince, set on either side
ot a triple wink> elephant. 11 IS re-
served 01:01USiVOly. for crowned !made,
sinoa ifiad8juomtiler. Al.niatiltUledia=1Ciihtill're,8,131151.1re-
carrying of an umbrella is a mark of
rank, One of the Lilies of tee King of
Ilexemb. Ls "Lord 01 the Twenty-four
Umbrellas."
In. China, there are umbrellas of the
most costly bromides and silk stuffs
which those in high life May use. Bat
the common people in China dare not
use an enthrone of any kind of Muth
Drat anything but paper. This is nut
so great hardship as might be sup-
posed, since the Celnese con manufac-
ture paper umbrellas of a wonderful
degree of hardness which are capable
of withstanding a severe storm It
is not uncommon in China to see um-
brella covers embellished with pro-
found philosophical sentences front
Confucius. The Japanese, on the oth-
er Mind, decorate theirs with light and
airy designs, artistic end fanciful.
The umbrella is of very machine ori-
gin. It is found in designs on Greek
and Etrusoan vases, and is traced back
to (Indent Egypt, the mother of arts.
Its first use was undoubtedly to pro -
twit from the burning rays of the tro-
pical sun: its Latin derivation is from
umbra, a shade. A curious statement
about this is made by an early Italian
writer. "I do not think moon of um.
brellas," he says: ''a physician told ine
they were dangerous, because they
gathered the beat ie. a pyramid and
thence threw ic CloWn on the head."
There were superstitions then the um-
Inella was sacred in all the Oriental
countries. The early Christian
church, Just as it made St. Valeniine's
Day out of a former heathen festival,
began also to transmute this reverence
for umbrellas into something in keep-
ing with Christianity. In a. menu -
swept lett in a. monastery ages ago,
the margin is illuminated with strange
designs of umbrella -like trees, sug-
gestive at the same time of the cross
or "tree" on which uur Lord was cruci-
fied, and the enthrone of the Orient.
Later, in the twelfth (eatery', the Pope
permitted the Doge of Venice, in bis
state procession% to have suspended
over him a gorgeous umbrella of
gold brocade, at 016 summit of which
was a small gold statue of the Annun-
elation.
oatmllso tofrryom sthhoows Emtslate:t rtellacebutomgbrietrislat
italY, then Spain and. France and af-
terward England and Germany. The
pendulum now Le swinging back again
and the last commercial statistics show
that the city of Paris is exporting 000,-
000 umbrellas anaually to Turkey,
Sairey Gamp, and her immortal um-
toebreollta.sto Bwietrretounrufactured for ship -
The use ot alpaca oovering was pat-
ented in 18.18 by William Sangster, an
Englislunate The variety of cover-
ings has rapidly increased until now
more than fifty kinds of gloria, silk
alone are used. The genuine German
mimeo is regarded as one of the bast
makes. Taffetas also are freely used,
lesin:7 many combinations of silk and
wool, silk and cotton and silk and
Daniel Defoe made 11 hit which will
never be forgotten when he described
the efforts of Robinson Cruses to make
an umbrella for himself on his desolate
island. In Paris an umbrella is often
spoken of as "un Robinson," in mem-
ory of the story. So with Dickens's
Sairey Gamp, and her immortal um-
brella. A "Gamp" ie English slang
for an umbrella.
b
13
t
has
0V
lu
St
ab
Si
51
10
As
as
100
Th.
LIT
goo
85
ye
Ve
ha
sir
the
4.
vas
hu
of
fro
the
Ar
har
Con
nat
Bete.
is
0U.S
boo
tan
1.18
son)
haff-breed. A French half-breed nam- laic
ed liferasty was setting a bear trap s
near Green Lake, He accidentally in
sprinig the trap and was pinned fast atm'
by lite logs intended to math bears. ally
He wasknooked prostrate, and his Jill
eight arra and right lep were held so um
fast by the betty), logs that to move Li be
was impoesible. Lle was sustaining the apai
weight of twenty-five logs. Teta is a atic
very epareely settled part of lee coun- me
try, and the probability of being resole. side
ad nom his agonizing position was die.
email indeed. The bones in his arm cam
and lag had been crushed. I3ut be did place
not despair. With his free hand he is t
ra.migd to secure the butcher knife is I
he always carried, and at gime began e,
outting the Log. but as he was so timoh that
exhausted and beitg able to use only inge
his lett eand and that only wile
with extreme difficulty, he made slow out.
progress. With fortitude equalled by cent
few be succeeded in cutting the six- stick
inch pine log half in two. But he a au
coeld do no more, and lost comelou- Anot
rune. remained in the bear trap stiok
three nights and four days with no- Thre
thing to Sat or drink, and nothing but the
death staring bim In the Lace. In the of c
meantime, Merasty's wife Wondered whie
what detained her husband so long, bieyo
mid, at lest, thieking aorne accideet =Or
trios! have bromeliad, she started out to The
the benetrap. Of tourse the believed sans
Itterasty dead, but elm epeedilY nailer
one by one, the logs from. the trapeind try,
tannin to relate ahe arrived in tinie to in 11
save the life of her husband, Merasig hand
is still alive and lime at Green Lake, the 11
but he will alwaye carry tbe inarksof other
the adventure which would undoebtede Cause
ly have peoeed fetal hue for the toten- Inoue
ate as,slatanee tremble wife, the
DOMESTIC RECIPES,
Oyster Salad—Drain a quart of oys-
ters and wipe them between two soft
cloths, then cut inM quarters with a
silver knife. Set upon Me while you
cut a bead of celery into hall bath
lengthe, and set it upon the ice in
a separate dish. Beat the yelks of
three eggs well, then evlaip in one tea-
spoonful ot white sugar, then two ta-
blespoonfuls of salad oil, the latter to
be added gradually. Take the yolks of
to hard boiled eggs, welch have been
boiled twenty-five minutes and laid in
cold water for an hour, end rub them
smooth, with a half teaspoonful each
of salt, white tapper and Made mus-
tard. Do this before beginning on
the dressing. Add these next, wed
when all are mixed and emooth put
ti:wthdetovpioata
negar, o:tab,leslipprion:u1sthao
dressing lightly and last all the time,
It should be a soft yellow °rerun, Just.
before the salad is to be served mix
the oysters and celery by tossing to-
gether with tt siteer fork, pouring ie
ball the dressing as you do So, and
Pouring the rest. on top. Garnish with
O wreath of pale -green celery tops' laid
jest within the edge of the bowland
lceep on ice till it is Sent to the table.
Mince Pie—Two bowls of meat, chop-
ped fine; one of chopped suet and four
of apples; three and a hall pounds of
ourratits and raisins Heeded; half a
oPfouldvosof; actottorpoo;_ofuoiparoftambolelosssp000snfoinnds
two bowls of sugar, with a little stilt
Prix to the proper consistency with
boiled cider and cook fifteen minutes.
GERMAN VIEW OF IMPIETY.
A Paver Pon/shed for lile Farewell Addres1
at 1115 nther's Grave.
SOMO peou.litie jedicial decisions have
been recently recorded in Germay. At
Intewig a payee who itad just buried
hie fathr, after the elergyrean and
the children went aiveg remained be-
side the grave and exclairriett "Pare,
welL We alien never see once other
again it this ll,"
The Judge deelared that, sueli words,
spoken aloud in publie, were a mus-
lin= as they shocketi the religious feet -
Inge of tbe hearers tied were oonfrary
to the Chtuesh doctrine of tile immor-
tality of Meant'', suggesting that thee,
bit ho hereafter. The paver got sen -
teem ot two wek's ireprisonment ila
jail for impiety,
Mrs, Inregr, wife of the President
of the Transvaal, who was seriortely 111,
has reeovered.
THE SEAR'S HEIM
WILL AVENGE GORDON'S DEATH IN
`ME NOBLEST WAY,
Wean Slay Ste none to Iterhilai the Arabs
of the 14011t1i.0 Veitited
Out By ito Emma Om Country,
"0120 who knows the &edam" writes
ae follows :—Lerd linehenern power-
ful appeal for funds to foetid a Goy -
don Memorial, College at Khartoum
was mare suggestive than explanatory
of the greet scheme bas in View,
but we Jelly be mare thae all preetioel
details have been thought out, not less
cerettelly than tee financial queetion.
The Sirdar's genius is eminently con-
structive, and It ia characteristic of
the man tbal. bla first thought after
destroying the. old order of theme in
the Soudan, should be devoted to the
beat mettles of building up a new and
far better fabric from the null:oriel
that is readiest Lo his hands, The
mental. and moral regeneration of Sou.,
dane,se tribes was one of Gordon's.
many dreems.
If it should be realized through the
influence of college dedicated to that
hero'a naeraory, Engleeld will have
avenged his death in the noblest way,
and justified her claim to be regarded
as the greatest civilizing power that
has ever ruled in Africa. English
rule it must be there for many years
yet to come, if only for the simple reete
son that no other is possible. And no.
body can doubt that Lord Kitchener
thaivse.devised. an. admirable means where-
by this rule may be rendered eftec-
Lterd Salisbury evidently has a simi-
lar opiniou as to the duration of a
government "which in its principles
and methods must be essentially West-
ern," or he would hardly have said
that the r000noilialion of tee rams
which inhabit the Nile Valley to this
form of government is a task that
"will Mx. tha resources et the present
generation and of those who come af-
ter them." We have here, therefore,
to begin with, the young natives at an
age when their minds aro most recep-
tive and freest from prejudice. The
old may 'Bailment accept the Inevitable.
It will be the task of Englishmen to
convince the young by practical dem-
tohn:tbearatitr that the inevitable is also
11010 INTF.,11,FERE WITH RELIGION.
All who are familiar with habits of
thought in the Soudan will rejoice at
the birdar's announcement that there
is to be no interlerenee with the re-
ligion of students who may enter the
collage at lehartotun. A schema
based on any other principles would
be foredoomed to failure, arid serve oaly
to rouse the old spirit ot fanaticism
which bas reigned so long with disaa-
trews remits to peace and the progress
of oivilleatioe. Mis.sionary efforts
will find a fruitful field there as well,
but they must be kept distinct and apart
from tee Sirder',s educational echtme.
Comparatively few people realize even
yet the diversity of race and character
that will have to be dealt with by
English masters in the proposed col-
lege. The Smuttiness aro mit ono
people, but many, with different cus-
toms and various attpaCities. 'There is
no predominant race since the power
of the Baggaras has been shettered,
and Lord Kitchener hes certainly no
idea, of setting that up agairt. It
may be gathered from the terms of hie
prospoal, therefore, that ha does not
wish to exclude the repreSentatiVeS
of any race from the beadles that °due
reaert.ton utatirea, srliitonumuxcDollnegage mayla, jaaaloinn:
Dongolewi, and even the fierce Bag.
gara may be brought together under
one influence that will be working for
the good of all.
Happily there are no prejudices of
caste to OVereOlne. Natives of More
denim have in recent years as in times
long past, been vastly subject to the
slave -trading Armes, who carried theM
off captives, but neatly rose to high
rank under the lehaliftes tyrannical
rule, and neither race nor colour hues
ever been a bar to the success of cap-
able men in any part of the Egyptian
dominions.
TECHNICAL TRAINING.
Perhaps the Moat satisfactory part of
Lord leitcheamea admirable scheme ia
the inclosion of tethnical training. We
cannot; teach even the Divans and Shit -
Mks much in the way of metal and
leather work. With the rudest ma-,
terials the,y have Well able to produce
marvellous results. But we may
familiarise theta with the use of mod,
ere tools and mechanioal applianeet
that wilnadd, immensely to their mean'
ot produotion. Agriculture and oth,
er industries in the Soudan, when cab
etholed000no6csttayilkohruevtoe ibegoeyntohaaniv (lever epdrirobi,
itive bamieraents. When trade Mier
ished there tourteen years ago, it war
no uncommon thing to see tbe theta o;
O Nile boat stitobing parts of a gar,
inent together with a sharp minion
thorn, iusteaci of a needle.
The process of education even ir
such elementary subjects as are as
present coutemplated will be .slow.
shall Brat of all have to (meat nes
studente, who will perhaps be a bit she
and suspicious of uur intentions at the
outset, but Lord leitcherear knows ex.
aatly tvbat he wants, and sots about
getting it be the right way. Ine pier,
oproshesist000giejeteotoason_psumft
n tkeoigleir:llli
onhilntiohne
eldest--ot the leading mat in mon via,
lege and dietrice. These ere almost
without exception communal oranize.
noe, and immothieg akin to the pa
triarchai syatera.
The Sileikb el baled, like the head
of the tribe is, in most cases, heredi-
tary, so that the boy, ocineated at
linhartmun College, may expect in
their titre to betionus Sbaikhs, and a
great; step will have been made to-
vartts the conSolidationot sbibbi, go-
ernment in the Soudan, and go beak
to their villages behead with English
lam, knowing something of the arta
and snienen of eivilizetion end having
learned 11 great deal about the pewee
the country thee bottle proteetive
ewes, over Egypt and its recOnentered
pecwinees.