The Brussels Post, 1905-3-9, Page 6Ab A'°tit the
deem -louse
IYADH1Pi!?n3neernerni/i?lr'
Att
SOME TrlinALY RECIPES,
(corn Relislf,—Ten cups of corn (et
from cob), ten Cups at cabbage chop
peat line, five red peppers (large
chopped line, one-half gallon vinegaa
three tablespoonfuls of salt, thre
cups of sugar, four tablespoonfuls
white mustard seed, two tahlespu0n-
Ants of celery, seed, Mix thorough]
and cook one-half hour,
Birthday Cake—One-half cup
butter, one cup of sugar, one -ha
cup o1 100k, one and one -hall cups o
flour, one teaspoonful of baking poly
Glee, the whites of four eggs. Illi
as usual, flavor with one-half tea
-
spooeful of vanilla and half titgrated rind of a lemon. One pane
of London layer raisins, one -hal
pound sultanas, one-half pound o
dates (chopped) one-half polled u
figs, one-half pound of blanched al
mends, one-eighth pound of citron
shredded; one-fourth pound of can
died orange 111111 lemon peel together
Gana of tba board of health now ole-I`j"ERRIB1 C SCENE (1F ��/ 1
hand the disinfection of all bedding t 1 11 l,L V rY f,
in eases of tubeectelosis and other , ..,...
communicable diseases, yet the need THE 23ARTLE OF LIAO
for renovation is often quite as great
without compulsion from without.
While the ohs'.tinny discomfort and
labor at having a anattress renovat-
ed is now removed from the house,
superseded by the general establish-
ment where all such work is dune, „khat is the most terrible war
there aro also disadvantages tenni Brune you ha" wit.nv seed"?'" 1 avert
nected'with the present methods, tin-! sometimes asked. '1'h'o t f uestfon is
less one has absolute confidence M
WAS BLOODX',
Horrors 01 the Field Vividly De-
picted by One Who
Was There,
it the upholsterer there is the nubility,not gnarly aiswered, for War. 10 ,1
- 01 having good hair replaced by in -'thing of ace uu,ulntEng horrors,
) feller products, or even rags aro Wmfes .eln
10. A, eiciveie in London
•, other refuse, twee 111 first-class es- Alleive'S.
tablishments there is the unpleasant 1 The most tragic detail in modern
at reflection thnt beds from fastidious' fighting Is the injury indicted urn
ilullehollls are apt to come ht con-! twauxgl and children, few of US who
tact withthose from objectionable Ivory preeent at the battle of Liao
public ,•esol'ts of sloe -eine families, i Yang will ever forget Lhe sight of
orf a condition of aflame that can scarce- the Wounlied babies in ares, the
if • ly be guarded against any more than, ntothlrrs shut accidentally while
f the hit -or -lines style of n general; nursing their children, and the boys, i
l0Yuidrv. Occasionally a workmen !scarce able to toddle, cut down by
x! may be 1(11111(1 who will Colne to the eera4'ne1 fire,
house and de the work In the olds No scale slants out more vividly
ter way, but this is the exception, not: than the Wieners of Ince Cake 10111,
(11 the rule, 111 the meantime the ut-I the Spioa ftop of Manchuria. A
fi most care should be takers to see, Immo 'raged around this for n'arl0
f! that the work 3s sent to a reliableIa Week, and the hill was tem anti
f' establishlnelu, where every satoguard retaken by' either side. Al. the end f
it was a horrible ,`shambles, gorged
with blood.I was with Genera]Km
trroki's amity i
y
shredded. Use an additional cup o
flour to (hedge the fruit, Add fruit
to the dough, bake its u paper -tined
cake pan, Moving lube in the center
Bake in a slow oven,
Imperial Cake. -0110 pound of su
gar, one pound of nom, three -guar
tens pound of butter, one pound o
almonds, blanched and cut 1111e; 011e -
half -pouted of citron, one-quarter
pound candied cherries, one-half
pound of seeded raisins, rind and
juice of 0110 10/11011, two 1/10008 of can-
died orange, one nutmeg, tell eggs.
This is very delicious and will keep
for months,
Vanilla Wafers,—Creon one-third
cup of butter; add one cup of sugar;
one Well -beaten egg, one-half cup of
milk and two teaspoonfuls of vanilla,
Mix and sift two and one-half cups
of flour, two teaspoonfuls of baking
Powder, a pinch of salt. Mix all
well and set out to chill thoroughly
for a couple of hours. Lay one-
quarter of the mixture on a board,
adding flour to prevent sticking; roll
thin and bake in moderate oven,
These took well cut into heart or
fancy shapes.
Scotch Woodcock.—Six hard-boiled
eggs coarsely chopped, two table-
spoonfuls of Nutter, one tablespoon-
ful of flour, one tablespoonful of
anchovy paste, half pint of milk,
1)111011 of cayenne. Cook butter anti
flour together until they bubble, add
milk and stir until smooth. Put in
the anchovy paste and cayenne andl
one minute later the eggs, Simmer
three elements and serve on toast.
Brown Apple Pudding,—Put a layer
of apple sauce in bottom of pang
sweeten and season with a little nut-
meg. Put in a lamer of bread crumbs
then another of apple sa'ac5 and cin-
namon, and then bread crumbs till
the pan is full. Use plenty of sugar,
and bake. To be eaten with cream..
Curing Dried Beel—A tested recipe
for curing dried beef is as follows:
For every 2(1 Ibn, of beef mix thor-
oughly 1 pint fine salt, 1 teaspoon
saltpeter and 3. 1b brown sugar.
Divide this into three equal parts
and rub well into the beef on three
successive days. Let it lie in the
brine it makes, turning over every
day. In a week ft is ready to hang
up. Hang it in a dry place, only -
until it is through dripping, then re-
move to a tool place, if possible,
where it will not freeze. The cellar -
way will answer if nothing better is
available. It molds on the outside
in warm weather, but is easily trim-
med off and the inside is just rigut.
On the approach of spring put a
c1or,e muslin paper bag over it.
A New Confection—Boil together 2
cups gr'anuletecl sugar, half alp
sweet- cream and 3 teaspoon butter
until the mixture will harden when
stirred on a cold dish. have ready
2 cups mixed and finely chopped
raisins, citron and at least three
varieties of nuts. Stir into the hot
mixture, and stir until still. L1110 a•
baking powder can with waxed paper
and press the mixture into it, Let
stand over night in a ' cold place.
turn out of the can and cut into
thin sheet, rolling each in powdered
sugar,
possible is afforded.
vl'Ifl DON'T TOT-.
Why don't you a11811'e0 your friend's
when it Made its gai0ll move around
letter nt once? it will hate. double Liao Yang 11)1(1 sought to cut oil'!
' value if written promptly, null will leonropatkhl's retreat. We found
take no more time 110W than by anti ourselves hetet up by 1170 flussituns on
by
Why don't you make the promised
visit to that invalid? S110. is look-
- ing for you day after day, and hope
f deferred makes the heart sick,
Why don't you send away that lit-
tle gift you've been planning to send?
Mere kind iatcntions never accom-
plish ally good.
Why don't you speak out the e1-
eouragiug words that you have in
your thoughts? Unless you express
them they aro of no use to others.
Why, don't you try to share the
burden of that sorrowful one who
Worits beside you? Is it because you
are growing selfish?
Why don't you take more pains to
he Self-sacrificing and loving in the
everyday home life? Time is rapid-
ly passing. Your dear ones will not
Ibe with you always,
Why don't you create around you
an atmosphere of happiness and
helpfulness, so that all who come
in touch with you may be made bet-
ter'? Is not this possible?
IN BUYING BLi1NIi31TS.
In buying wool blankets, get the
best neekes, but not too heavy, -Be-
fo'e Using at all, cut apart and bind
the raw edges to correspond with
the upper ones; then follow the Eng-
lish housekeeper's custom of covering
the end of the blanket or comforter
that conies next the face of the
sleeper with a strip of thin muslin
or cheese cloth, which can 11e readily
replaced when soiled, A wool blan-
ket is never improved by Washing,
and should be kept as inmlacelate as
possible. Dry cleansing is the only
proper way to renovate a wool blan-
ket. Those with cotton harp stand
washing much better,
131(115 AN1'1 BEDDING.
It is not so generally known, but
this is the approved time for buying
new or renovating old inaftr s
ses
as
wo11 as linens. In buying n0W mat-
tresses, those made from. pure South
American hair are the best. This is
taken from the manes and tails of from theft position. Sometimes dy-
wild horses, is then rolled, steamednamlte has to he used to blow up
and curled. The second best quality,
is made with an admixture of pigs -
hair with horsehair. 'Phis is cheaper
but is not as springy and does 1101
last as long. Jute is made from the
moss that comes front southern
trees. 10xclesior is better and more
reliable than anything except the
hair. Cotton either side of the ex-
eelsior is comfortable, but far from
sanitary, ns cotton is a strong ab-
50rbenl and holds the exhalat-i'nes
from the body. For this same reas-
on neither cotton peels nor cotton
NEWS IN THE WILDERNESS.
Lumber -Camps Are ?Tow Connected
By Telephone.
The telephone is now extensively
used in the lumbering business. The
result of thus bringing science into
the wilderness will I.robably be that
soon, from certain points of view,
there will bo no wilderness at all.
The Electrical 'Review says that
throughout the forests from St.
John to Vancouver lumber -camps
are now connected by telephone,
which also unites the sawmills or
woodpulp works of frontier towns
and large Cities.
Years ago it was the custom of
the lumber interest to nitthstain a
force of couriers, hardy men, who
would travel twenty -Ove miles a day
through the wilderness by rough for-
est paths. • Now, at stated hours,
the mill calls each camp in turn, to
receive reports and give instructions
to the foreman. Letters are read to
lumbermen snowed in the forest fifty
or a 'hundred miles away. Then
answers are dictated to the steno-
grapher at the office, who writes out
his notes and malls thelu,
One of the difitculties in logging is
the formation of the "jam," a col-
lection of logs at some narrow place
i11 a turbelont stream. Other logs
floating(101011 the. river it l n -
e t tet
P
selves up at the obstructed oust
P
and i1 'moires great labor attended
by actual peril, to remove the logs
the "pack" and of rotn'sc much lum-
ber is destroyed in the explosion.
Now wbencver a ,1ant begins to fern
one of the 31031 who patrol the river
hank gives notice by telephone to
the 1117.11 up the river to stop the
further flow of Iclgs at taint places,
called "trips"; and it Is an easy
matter to break e, small ,jam by
summoning 71.011 from points farther
down the streaiil. ' -
Tho human side_ of life 18 also made
warmer and more Vivid by this
blankets are anvisab'le, furless light inmate of communication 111 the wile
g (1231x)0(31• A lumberman at IToquianl,
enough to be, frequently 1a1l?l00red.
A mattress slnend always have a 123('5 rgtml, woos crippled for three
battoled cover to keep out the Hull' years by an accident in
in t11e forest,
from the b011(1111g and dust from the
floor, and yet. with the best of colo
mattresses shouldbe taken apart
and thoroughly (evened once in three
or four years if they be on a bel
that is 1>00lpled every eight,
Ti, is no longer considered a recom-
mendation to sweet slimmer to know
that 'tiyis is the, bed Grandpa ,Tinos
died in. (band Aunt Penelope had
her ;11100110 in, or that ali. the child-
ren have occupied it. in '1urt1,' unless
one is reasonably sure that it has
been eel fumigated and thoroughly
packed apart and Cleansed in the
9nt0rinl. "old -times"
Selrtfm
emir
u
1• 11
vac() "Mould ltl Cll tnoice in,h
e
t Matter
of a inattress,
Tim bell in It spare x0013) that is
0)1T,y necaelonalll' slept in may not
meed malting over ottenor.• than once
In ten or twelve years, The intone(
and dm';ng his recovery ho director;
a logging 1)331rte58 of half a million
dollars a ,year from lois sick -room boy
the use of the telephone.
One day, when a party Was coming
down the west. branch of the I'eob-
80ot, 111 the welds of Maine, they
were sur7rrteed at seeing the guides
turn their canoes to the bank,
"1171at's the 'latter?" asked toms of
the travellers,
„We're going to order your imp.
pore' was the a115tver,
One of the men opened a small box
of a hlnnberman'5 telephone et the
sidef
o tree t
a Q0 a lr spoke Ica t
0 n a came),
.r
1,
71)1108 nhway, 9a in r
y that the ar
W011111 11711770 nt night, aria giving di
rections,for supper, Ton hours later
the 'Weary touriets eerived at the
Spot where their enIconic reed their
Suppe' were ready.
tree fortified hills, and our troops
at once set out to attack the central
defence.
CAN WE LIVIe TII1l0UGI3 IT'?
nix batteries of Japanese artillery,
standing out bodily on a ridge of
the valley, engaged the Russians an
the ]rills, The heavens seemed civ-'
eyed with bursting shells as with rt
curtain. The Russians fired thou-
sands of rounds in reply,
When the full chorus of artillery
began, and each 800011(1 had its rack-
ing explosion, we held our breath.
Taut nerl'(s and ()lectt•Ilied blains e
pictured the scene in front, -
"My Oo'll 111y (God!" buret from
the lips of a hardened fighter at my
side. "Can a man be left alive?"
Yet when the Russians matte mo-
mentary pause, quick reply came.
First one gun spoke, then 011100 a
succession of flashes, and cur gun-
ners, jumping out of the narrow pits
they had dug for shelter places,
poured out round upon round.
The sun sank Whited the heavens.
Suddenly a t•eniendells crackle.
caused by thousands of infaner;y vol-
ley firing, struck our ears, and the
lines of spitting brightness showed
that our infantry attack on the cen-
tral hill had begun, Our soldiers. I
who had been creeping clonal-
through
loserthrough the millet, rushed the vil-
lage at the foot of the hill, and pre-
pared to ascend. There were gullies
up one side of the hill, through
which they could creep, bat they
were greeted with so heavy a Ore
that even the feade8s Japanese sol-
diers paused.
A MAD 0LTAIICIE.
Then tlheir.otilce.rs sprung up. One,
with drawn sword, rustled where the
Ming was thickest, shouting before
he fell: "Now is the time to die for
the Emperor!" Others took up the
cry, and the whole body of mon
730000d forward.
"What could we do?" the soldiers
asked me aftel:weirrly, when telling
Ina of their rush. "What could we
do but follow when our 3Oicers led
the way?"
On the Russian side beating drum
bade the men strum fast; on the Ja-
panese, bugh,-calls encouraged , ad-
vance. Shouts of exultation, of cm-
cenragenent, of defiance, and of
agony rent the air.
A night attack has horrors all its
own, and the horror's of many night
attacks seemed concentrated here.
The hillsides were already slippery
with Inman blood, licit found th'e'me
Selves hampered by the still forms
of the dead lying around. In (feeds
of heroism each 'side rivalled the
other, but the Japanese, alert, ath-
letic, courageous, were the stronger
men, and, 1 afore dawn came they
were masters of the hill.
We held the hill all day, our sol-
diers digging holes in the earth and
crouching in there for shelter from
the pouring shell fire. 'As darkness
drew near, the sound of music swept
across the valley. The Japanese
looked up, and saw on the oppaolle
hill mussed Hessian hands of musi-
cians t s
e
cats as, cabled •111 hla 1
and it out
1
As
dal Statement
58th A =' ; nual Report
ASSETS
Government, Municipal, and
outer Bonds, Stocks, and De-
bontiucs,.. ,,, ..,
Mortgages on Real Estate
817,249,744.96
4,500,711.29
Loans on Bonds, Stocks, Etc,,, 308,093.06
Loans on Policies 3,504,421.18'
Real Estate owned (including
Company's Buildires in To-
ronto, ITaanilton, Montreal,
Winnipeg, S1. John, N.B., and
London, Eng.) 1,762,633.99
Premiums in Transit. and defer -
fell (net) and interest *te-
emed . ..... ...... ... .• . . 980,898.30
Other Assets 402,996.00
Cash on hand and 111 Banks,,, 290,099.62
029.074,599,00
LIABILITIES
Reserve Fund Company's Stan-
dard (11111 8% and 307.) $26,408,650.00
Death Claims 111 Course of Set-
tlement, and Instalment Fund 237,445.28
Dividends to Policy -holders in
Course of Payment 16,120,80
Reserve for Policies which may
be revived 33,670.00
Other Liabilities - 2,280.98
Total Surplus on Policy -holders'
Account, Company's Stan-
dard 9.376,425,99
$29,074,599.00
RECEIPTS
Premium and Annuity Income
(net) $3,043,178.15
Interest, etc 1,204,851.50
Profits on: sale of Securities 52,361.63
84,300,391.23
PAYMENTS
Death Claims (net),,, ,. $1,221,815,60
Matured Endowments (net)... 218,857.00
Dividends paid Polley -holders
(including Bonus Addition
paid with Death Clahns and
with Matured Endowments) 207,781.12
Surrender Values paid Policy-
holders 76,500.95
Paid Annuitants 23,597.01
Total paid to Policy -holders ..$1,748,551.68
Contnriission, Salaries, etc. 081,292.71
Taxes, Dividends, etc. , ., 320,126.80
Excess of Receipts over Pay-
ments 1,550,420.09
84,300,391.28
Net Sulrlyleus over all Liabilities (Company's S1tandard).... $1,376,000
Net Srn'pins over an Liabilities (Government Standard) .. $4,326,000
GAINS IN 1904
Number of applications received
Amount of Assurances applied for
Policies issued
Policies pald for
Total business in force
1004 1008 Increase
7,221 6,863 358
$ 14,571,153 513,881,060 $ 689,193
13,043,503 12,635,032 408,471
11,211,721 10,122,180 1,089,582
101,805,944 95,631,110 6,274,834
The new business paid for hi 1904 was greater in amount than that of any
previous year in the Company's history.
A lull report of the annual meeting will appear In the Company's paper,
"Lite Echoes.
Russians a(d1'anoed 011 0o4i' 103011(1
line they met them with a steady
tire. Line after lino of Russians fell,
a9 though the Angel of Death had
drawn a straight furrow, ' The
gr•oun5(1 became, and immanent! for
many days after, literally soaked
with blood. NOW men were Ilrirg
at one anther within a few ve'rcls:
now rifle -stocks did work mole dead-
ly than tentless;
In the cent the Hessians fro -took
the hill, but they could not hold it,
for their envy Was retiring all
along the rest of the line;
A few hours later T stood on the
bill. The sickly smell of the dead
was in the air. Blood WAS every-
where, Li the, valleys 11010W, thdrk
nauseatitig smoke was pouring Op
from the points Whore 1110 :iapunese
were htapin'_ their owe dead and
TEE CZAR, OF RUSSIA.
The Spectre of Assassination Is
Always Before Hine.
Does anybody in this, country ev00
try to realize to himself the environ-
ment in which the Czar has to do
his work? asks T. P. O'Connor,
.'!'here isn't ,a step he takes, on ovens.
the grounds of his owl palaces,
where he may eat expect to see ris-
ine before him the hideous spectre'
of sudden anldi painful death by an
explosion through the solid ground.
?'here is not• a man around or be-
side 111131 who may not be a member
of 0110 of the societies that have
sworn' to' kill him. There is not
mint.sL..
a er or official who may not
ut
be a member of that other and even
more formidable conspleacy which is
even dose!. to Riau—tile coepfracy
of the bureaucrats Who feel that
their power is trembling in the ban
force, and who would ruttier mueder
a Czar than submit to one who de-
throned them from power, wealth,
not be; whether it be a fact or not,
the Mae cannot well tell; it is suf-
ficient for hint that thus in his very
bedroom—the room in which Ire has
to try and get his sleep—there
stands the ghastly spectre of assets-
51>151ion.
To ask for coolness of head, for
steadiness of nerve, for tenacity of
Purpose, in such'au cuvironmene, is
to ask that the Czar should he ono
of those giants of -lean --a. Caesar, a
C'homwcll, a' Napodcot--who are
thrown up just once 01' 80 111 a cen-
tury in the history of mankind. And
the poor lion Czar is not a Caesar
o' a Cromwell or a Napoleon. Ila
is simply a small, low -sized, delicate
little man, With soft blue eyes, and
a
ragged eel and tow -colored r
"go cd boa d and
6
a small,
t<'ea)c mouth; it is almost
tleantingly and defiantly, the Russian as pitiful as seeing a child face to
National Antlenl, The Japanese fuming diem. As T gazed at 111e' ince with the Opel ,jaws of a tiger,
heard undistmnyed. They had no lines of dead T renlierd that this as to see this del loath wouldin.q face
bands, but they 05'401311)1011 thel• -tires the culmin1t lou ofthe horrors to face with revelation,
buglers, and, with equal dtlflence, of war, +---_
played hack a .Iapanese national 0
air. GREAT WAS DIERAi,LI. (SING FOR HEALTH.
Darkness fell, The Japanese sol- Palmerston was only a jingo. pillage --all the other rine things of Statistics have disclosed that s' 1 1
dices crept'. from their gullies and
o at 1 a-
lined the trenehee round the hill. Disetteli was a true imperialist, fes- life which they and theirs now entry, cal artistes are usually long lived,
Suddenly, right from the groltnel imcinatecl no less than Napoleon by 0110 of the things I react with poig- and that brass instrument players,
mediately in front of their 011(1trenehes visions of Oriental empire. 1t was Anent interest within the Teat few who bring thole lungs and chests
lights flashed out. The soldiers Disraeli who bought "overnight" tie days in the papers Wee a descrip- into unusual activity, rarely have
jumped to Emir feet to lire cl'ow'n- controlling in'tl'reee in the Sura t1011 01' a 000110—I l'ou't 1cn011 haat consumptive victims terming them.
wards, As limy rose, bombs were Caliol, which hies given Egypt to it ever took place—between the Ceur No matterhow thin or tweak the
thrown at three, exploding with dicot 11111ain and made her 1ni1•lrees and the Grand Dek(s. With tears voice, young people should .be on-
trowhorrible effect wherever they touch- of the Ole(lite'rrnnean, It tva8 Pis- in 1111 eyes, despair in his face, the commend to includ'ge in singing. :T'h'ere
y rarali 31110 checked 1110 Russian 111- Czar 1)0e0)ght his uncles and con- can be no happier medicine, Physi-
ed, The Russian pioneers, t3 throwing fluence in Af hanistan and nmee stns --those WV110 are nearest alta. ' 1p
away 111351• 11101 for 111011 father- B t crafts are agreed that singing is a
laird, had'CS+awlecl up right unite the the reca31, expedition' i0 Tibet pose dearest to hIn—to avow the truth great bele totvarde the prevention,
1re1ch7s with infinite Cure, end hail.
:Able. It W08 Disraeli Who broke with regard to the accident the Cure, or nenello•ration of lung cis-
hurled heart grel)1)10 into the ea- the power of the 'Lulus, annexed the other day when the Wa16t's of the oases, and much good, It is said, is
panoSe line, 19•ansvnal, and laid the foundation Nava were being blessed; and when, being clone in elementary schools by
' Tho Japnnesa frost tt'tt9 , shaken; for the present ,South Africa, It as Ivo know, the windows of,thn Win- compelling all young (.011010)8 to
111then came the pouring 2111'ranks of the was Disraeli tvho tinned 'Russia track ter Palate Were smashed by the bole join in, singing lessons. ,
713 ion Storming party, anti. a from ' Constenbiioplc and thereby lets from one of the cannon. The
hand -lo -panel ('it on the hill foi- drove her through Manchuria, to Poor Czar wanted to know the real JAPAN SAVr's ¶IOLI)T.I111t5,
lowed, lavting' for srven h0tu's. Port Arthur', Tt was Disraeli Whn truth; above the he wanted to know
A 1011MA) OP moan convened the Berlin' Congress, in Whether oven the office's of his The fact that out of 24,600 s'icic
tvhecit can be found one of the 1nOn- household were among his enemies, in Japanese field hospitals from Tiley
Pen tails io convey the sliglitest elites that tinnily brought, about the and whether he had to watch them to December last (tale 40 d'icrlshould
3nnpr•essron of the horrors of that eregene, War in t110 11(a,e't.. Judged last they should ho carrying behind be of more interest to the eishotild
time, An examination of the twee by the single 8iandttrd of matelnl their well -braided and brilliant unf- nations of the earth than. an other
pons and dlvss left on the field the
the ?%art of 13eacone31,,1,3 was forms and obsequious ails the bonen y
might c`r0 something. "Vein were the greatest cenei.ructive Bri'tislt to blow in the dagger to Wound? development w of the war in the East,
A eaten which can eliminate lose
rifles splintered at the magazine- statemnn of hie generation --411 feet It ie shirt bleat at this very moment
b cic c
ase in midi e m)ai ens
ns that
ease 101Me the raldierhad
bean
ellen:,Pitt—N w Y rk World, the Czar ut
stnrtly lirt
ds
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'EFFECTS OF SOLAR SPOTS
MAGNETIC STREA3IS !EAOH
TEE EARTIT.
Discovery of Mr. E. Walter
Maunder, a Greenwich
Astronomer,
At a re0en1 meeting of the Mit-
Astronomer.
fall Astronomical Assoeiatiol, Mr. L.
Walter Maunder, of U1'eenwleh 011-
sel•vatory described a discovery he
has made with regard to the relation
' between sun spots and magnetic
disturbanecs on the earth which pro-
mises greatly to advance our know-
ledge of the nty510r•i0318 interior of
the sun and to help in tho settlement
of other obscut•o points 111 501ar phy-
s1(S,
"Magnetic storm" is a sudden dis•
turbanco in that mysterious flow of
influence round 1110 surface of out
globe which calyses the a'naiiiler's
compass to point north and south.
Sometimes the needles all over the
world seem to receive a sudden.
twitch or Jerk, which sats 1110111 os-
cillating violently, and for hours, or
even days, they behave in a most
hysterical 108111011, and swing about
as if they are marl before settling
down and poiul.in1 to the north
again. These invisible "storms" 0r
0011tn101iolu have nothing to do with
the weather, which may be fair or
foul, but sometimes they make tele-
graphic communication impossible,
and even (Meet our electric cars and
lighting. Occasionally a brilliant
display of the aurora borealis shows
that something unusual is occurring
in the heavens.
EFFECT OF SUN SPOTS.
Por long it has been more titan
suspected that 8111 spots have some-
thing to do with magnetic storms,
but no one could quite trace the
connection. Sometimes we had big
sun spots and no magnetic storms,
sometimes v'3cove'sa. Lord Kelvin
a dozen years ago said what looked
like the last word on the subject.
Ile declared that thyro could be no -
causal relation between tho two phe-
nomena. Reasoning a priori, We
pointed out that as any magnetic in-
fluence from the sun must in the
nature of things radiate in all dire( -
tions like light and heat, the influ-
ence of the sun spots on thelnagneLlc
noodle hero might wax and wane,
brit could not arrive with the sudden
twitch characteristic of the n)agne
tic "91200111,"
In substance Mr. Maunder's theory
is that the force which suddenly agi-
tates the earth is not a radiation at
all, 'but a stream of attenuated mat-
ter like a comet's tail, or of electri-
cally charged particles, shot out from.
the sun spot like a geyser or the
wale• from a 11I'ernan's hose. Fly-
ing upward from the surface of the
spinning sun, this "stream" rushes
out into space in the form of a great
Catherine 1011001, or invisible watch -
spring spiral. When the stream hap-
pens to sritte the earth, then we see
the aerial fireworks in the upper oTi•
overhanging the 1)010 of this earth -
magnet of ours, and our compasses.
anti telegraph nee(1108 jump with l x-
citonlelt. 'Puns Loris OColvin's reas-
oning is Correct, hill•does not a1Piy
to the present set of phenomena.
• IN REGULAR PERIODS.
We have given Mr, is'fau'dor's con --
elusion; now for his method. 13e
carefully- marked out the time of
hundreds of magnetic storms, and
found that, some corresponded with
big 61171 some, and some Llid not. In
vain 11e Wee to find a correspondence
with the faculao, or flecks of boiling
11re on the sun's surface, and with
the "prominences." At last he no-
ticed that there Was frequently a.
series of magnetic storms at inter-
vals of 27 1-8 days. Sometimes
there Was no storm at the end at
this period, but the storm was re-
peated after exactly two or three of
such intervals. Now, this tine -27
1-8 clays—is just the time taken for-
a
ora point on the sun to go once round
arra• appear opposite the earth again.
It is the rotation period of tho sun.
as viewed from our 111OViltg planet.
In this remarkable discovery Mr.
Moneta found explanations of many
ditfleulties. The storm arrives gen-
erally about 26 -hours after the stinn
spot points fairly and squarly at us..
Presumably that is tho time taken
by the stream of uprushing particlos
to reach Uhls planet, ' But though
the storm cones again and again
after the 91111 spot vanishes, 11) is gen-
erally just at the time when' the place,
where the sun spot }va9 is passing us.
The on spot has gone, but the.
stream of magnetic ' commotion is.
still flying
It from 110 same
point
on the sun's surface,
More than this, and still snore 1.0 -
markable, '11ere aro certain favor-
ites points on the slap for these sun
spats and the melodic streams
which' Continue after they have van-
ished. A point on the 2221111 degree'
of tho sun's longitude is a centre of
such disturbances, and magnetic
0t0rms constantly arrive when title
point faces the earth. Thi9 fact
points to definite permanent struc-
ture in the sen.' 1t' cannot bo merely
a chinning 11111911 of lire if it leas vol-
canic ragiols 30111011 110053' 0143>nga.
their situation,
11:U•, Maunder concluded this most
interesting and suggestive lecture by
811otwing eclipse photographs _by Mrs.Maunder and others, le which, the
lotlg rays el, the sun's corona.' and
the ootswooping leaves of dight from
whose crest they appeared to be flung
off, wore Certainly analogous to tho
"'Stream lines" of mag110110 force or
particles which he suggests as the
origin of torresteiOl disturbance.
1ITSTAK111S WILL HAPPEN.
The boss—You say y0o saw him
and pointed out to him that he had
collected from us nearly double the
amount of 1115 bi11?
The clerk—Yes., sir, no 5311(1' it was
an mteusablo tnistal(0.
The boss—Ohl anti he interned the
e ' ti
Ilii t 1 to ?
t cm o a
c i'
r�1— sin is pence L
711 clerk—No, Z`o, s he (mid si
The t 1
t might,
was an 'axcusal)lo 'mistake t0 0
to ovoriooh it,
Cirolt Tifiss S. is 1 -he. harp.0vt
.1r1 1143O1V,", 'Ohudnley--•"drys, she
Mtn let LV2333 time C meet herr.""
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