HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Brussels Post, 1908-10-15, Page 78..••••••••••••••••••
LAURIOR AND THE LARGER CANADA SUPPVPMENT
How Liberal Government Has Protected the
—.—
Advanced Legislation for the Pre-
vention of Strikes and Look-
outs Inaugurated,
—4—
CREDIT TO MR, W. L. M. KING
PrObably the particular meaaure
with which the name of Mr, W. L.
Mackenzie King, tho distinguished
civil servant who has jug taken a
plunge into politics in North Waterage
is most closely identified, Is the Le-
mieux Act, It Is well understood, and
the Minister of Labor has himself
stated, that tiro measure is the diroot
result of recommendations made bY
Mr. Mackenzie King, as the result of
hie Investigations into industrial dis-
putes.
The particular aim of the Lemieux
Act Is to "aid" in the prevention and
settlement 00 strikes and lockout; in
certain industriee. The Act does not
undertake to "prevent" or to "settle"
strikes and lockouts, but simply to
in thane, this.
Whet it Does Not Do.
Nor does the Lemieux Act forbid
striking, It simply requires that be-,
fore a strike or lockout is commenced.
the parties concerned hall have their
ease fully investigated before a Board
established under the provisions of the
Act, the theory being that. in nine
oases out 00 ten, 5. strike is the result
of misunderstaudings which a frank
and informal discussion, such as may
take Place before a Board, Will re-
trieve.
The experience of eighteen months
shows that this theory is well-ground-
ed. Not less than 50 disputes have
been referred under the Lemieux Act,
and in only two cases after an invest'.
gallon has taken place bets a strike
occurred, one exception being that of
the Canadian Pacific machinists now in
progress; and the second, that of coal
miners at Springhill, M.S. In each
of these cases the findings of the Board
had. been in the nature of a com-
promise, favoring some contentions of
each party. The findings in each case
also had been accepted by the company
and refused by the mon. In the case
of the Springhill strike the men, after
a strike of throe Inonths, returned to
work on the findings of the Board. and
work Is now being conducted on tae
beats of those findinge. In the case
of the Canadian Pacific and its ma-
chinists, the company also put the
findings of the Board into opera-
tion before the strike started. it will
be generally admitted, however, that
the amicable settlement of 40 out of 50
eases referred under the provisions of
the Act is a very VIM record, especi-
ally when IL Is taken luto account that
the machinery of the Act 10 new, and
that the methods of working it beat
bad to be learned by experience.
Strikes Averted.
In each of these 50 eases, the parties
concerned 0100.0 sworn statement; that
0 strike or lockout \1'OUtd occur if the
dispute was not settled by a reference
tinder the Act, Its jai but two or three
instances at was the strike, and not
the loekoitt, that was declared to bo
impending, and It was the men who
applied under the terms of the Act. In
four or five eases the result Is still
pencline, In all othercases but two
the recall of the reference has been
to avert the threatened strike,
tnie example of the more important
among the disputes arranged underthe
Art may be mentioned briefly. Seven
thousand employes or the Dominion
Coal Company of Nova Scotia applied
for a Board. It was an open secret
that the negotiations between the
company and its employes had come to
a deadlock, and that a strike of most
disastrous character was pending.
Neither side thought an amicable ar-
rangement of the dispute possible,
but the Act forbade a strike until a
further settlement before a Board had
been attempted. The machinery of the
Act was applied by a tactful ehairman,
Prof, Semite recently appointed to
the Civil Service', Commission, and the
resolt was a triumph over all difficeds
ton and the conclusion of a two years'
agreement. This one agreement
would have -more than justi-
fied its existence on the statute boolt
end the slight cost of adreinistration.
And this success is but one at more
than two score eimilar successes that
Could be indicated, though they are not
all of equal importance to that of the
Daminiob Ooal Company. ,The former
Deputy Minter of Labor may well be
congratulated on being the author of
o measure so beneficial to the indus-
trial community of Canada.
Workers' Interests
" I ACCEPT THE ISSUE,"
"And Mr. Borden has said that purity is the issue in this campaign.
If that be true, I accept the issue.: If that be the challenge, I
accept the challenge."—Sir Wilfrid Laurier at Niagara Falls.
ONTARIO LIBERALS WILL
STRENGTHEN URI ..R
Liberalism Is Frond of the Pros.
pective Minister of Labor,
Mr, W. L. M. King.
REFORM BLOOD IN HIS VEINS
No Reason for Creating a Situation That Might Approach a Deadlock
—No Possible Chance of Conservative Victory in
the Approaching Contest.
/1 is generally conceded that the net
result of the election, outside of On-
tario, will be to give a large majority
to the Laurier Government. Conserva-
tive prophets hope, or profess to hope,
that the Laurier majority elsewhere
will be destroyed by an overwhelming
Borden majority In Ontario, or so fax
reduced as to render It impossible to
carry on government. By no possible
figuring can they make out a substan-
tial. working Conservative majority;
the best thereon figure out is a dead-
lock, or a condition approaching a
deadlook. Even this result is condi-
tioned upon the expectation of an over-
whelming Borden majority in Ontario,
a result which could be brought about
only by a large body of Liberals voting
for Conservative candidates, or stay -
Ing away from the polls. Can Mr.
Borden, or any of his friends, give the
Liberals of Ontario a reason why they
should weaken and embarrass their
own leader, efface themselves, cease
to play an Influential part In the man-
agement of the affairs of Canada, and
at the same time rut the risk of creat-
ing a deadlock and throwing the busi-
ness of the country into confusion?
A Contrast, Not a Parallel.
The Toronto News says that Ontario
ought to do this because Ontario gave
Whitney an overwhelming majority,
and Is fairly well satisfied with the
result. But surely the cases present a
contrast rather than a parallel. In 1005
In nominating Mr. Mackenzie
King, the Liberate of North Waterloo
show regard for the future as well
tut the preeent It Is important to win
the present election, and it is still
more important to send. to Parliament
mon who will uphold the basic prin-
ciples of Liberalism, men wlio will
not tamely follaw but lead, men of
originality and independence, who will
bring to the Liberal party not merely
a vote on a division but new ideas.
There will be many elections after
this, and many Perliaments, and Mr.
King, as a young man. may be ex-
pected to take a part in public life
for many years to come.
Mr. King Is the grandson of one et
the Ilberators of Cenadia The part
played by William Lyon Mackenzie
and by Robert Baldwin and others In
winning responsible government for
Canada ought never to be forgotten.
But Liberalism cannot afford to rest
upon the achievements of the past.
Those achievements ought to be, not
reasons for inaction, but sources of
Inspiration for earnest endeavor, for
new deeds of courage and sacrlfiee in
the never-ending battle for the rights
of the people. Responsible government
was not the end but the beginning of
that battle. It removed one great ob-
tacle to selfgovernment. Edmuna
Burke says that there never will be
time when liberty will not be obnox-
ious to &Main classes and interests
Enemies of liberty are never tired of
quoting Madame Roland's saying: "0
Liberty, what crimes are committed
in thy name!" For one crime earn -
mated in the name of liberty a bund -
red have been committed in the name
of authority, of privilege, and of class
interest.
Mr. King's Training.
the people of Ontario put an end to a
deadlock. To -day they are virtually
asked to create a deadlock, such as
existed in Canada just before Confed-
ertstioe, or such as virtually existed in
Ontario between 1858 and 1005. The
consequences of the, former deadlock
were so serious that the remedy was
found only In a vital change in the
constitution of the cotmtry. As to Lite
latter casee, it would be conceded that
the chief source of the evil was simply
the numerical weakness of the Govern-
ment, the feat Oa 0 it could not coin-
ma,nd a working zeajority in the Leg-
islature.
Will Strengthen Laurier.
Ontario Liberals might very well re-
gard the result ol the Provincial elec-
tions with resignation If not with en-
tire satisfaction, because they put an
end to a condition which was satisfac-
tory neither to the party nor to the
Province. But surely it is the height'
of unreason to expect that those Lib-
erals who acquiesced in the giving of
a great working majority to Whitney
In Provincial affairs will seek to
weaken and embarrass Laurier in Fed-
eral affairs, and to run the risk of
creating a deadlock, such as was the
Main cause of trouble In Ontario before
the change. A party may be asked to
subordinate itself In order that the
country may have peace and ordered
government, but surely It ought not to
be asked 00 efface itself In order that
the affairs of the country may be
thrown into confusion. Tbe wise Lib-
eral policy in this case Is to strengthen
Laurier's bands, and at the same
time, by electing a strong Liberal con-
tingent from Ontario, to give Ontario
Liberaliem he rightful share In direct-
itig the policy of Canada during the
next Parliament.
Mr. Xing has had a training which
peculiarly fits him for the career of
a tribune of the people. His regard
for, the people has not evaporated in
sentiment. Ole has done things.
has been confronted with the dIffi-
cultiee which lie In the path of the
advancement of the people, and has
overcome them in a practical way.
Nis friends will be deeply disappointed
if he does not carry his popular sym-
pathy and the fruits of his experi-
ence into his new career, and we do
net believe that such disappointment
awaits them.
We need have no anxiety as to the
material progress of Canada. That
progress Is assured. The prosperity
Vetch we now enjoy is only an earnest
of the prosperity to come. The re-
sources of Canada, its fertile sole its
minerals, its forests, its water pow-
ers, have only been touched. But
greater than all these things Is the
condition of the ramie of Canada, of
the workers In the fields and the for-
asts, the mines and the workshops.
The Work of Liberalism.
Canada will have great cities, great
in population and wealth, in huge fac-
tories and magnificent residences. Bat
there is shame as well as pride In
great cities. There are dark and filthy
tenements. There are places where
the natural and healthy instincts of
childhood are repressed. and where
stealthy vice may easily take the place
of honest play. Canada, having before
it the experience oe the cities of the
old world. and even at the 'United
States, may guard against these evils.
It may provide playgrounds, battling
facilities, cheap and easy access to
woods and rivers and lakes, to Places
of health and beauty. But always let
It be remembered that this work should
be done as 0 metter, not of philan-
thropy, but of justice; that the wark-
ors of Canada are entitled, as a mat-
ter of right and justice, to share in the
heritage of Canada. This is the work
that Iles before Liberalism to -day, just
as responsible government was the
weak of the Liberate of seventy years
ago. In this sense we hope to see
William Lyon Mackenzie King carry-
ing on the work of William Lyon Mac-
kenzie.
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The history of Canada of late years naturally divides itself' into
two chief periods—the dark days from 1881 to 1891, and later an
era off brightness and prosperity which began shortly after 1896.
The
ark ays
The story of the ten years from 1881 to -1891 is burned into the memory
of every Canadian of middle age. Debt was increasing, the burden of taxation
was growing, and there
was nothing to show for it
all,. There was stagnation
everywhere. Immigrants
landed on our shores, but
they passed through to
the -United States. Some
people from older Canada
moved to the Canadian West, but the trails were soon cut deep by a second
movement aeross the border to the south. Frain factory towns and Ontario
farms there was a steady exodous to the cities of the Republic. The whole
country seemed smitten by blight, and gloom settled on all when the census of
1891 showed. an increase of 'but half a million in all Canada in the previous ten
years.
Population all Canada
1881
1891
Increase in ten years
4,324,000
4,833 ,000
509,000
r am wm 0440106MMUM NitAU
1 ML
=C9CLIMIC=Ce
The
reak of Daw
X. change came in the late nineties. Under a new and. progressive Gov-
ernment the transportation service was improved and charges lowered; tariff
anomalies were swept
away, and trade helped
rather than hindered; con-
ditions were made such
that our o-wn people were
glad to remain at home,
and a vigorous campaign
was inaugurated with a
view of bringing the cream of the population from other lands to this. The
result is seen in the figures given.
An increase in the population of three Provinces, in 5 years, not so
muchless than that which took place in all Canada in 10 years.
Population of Western Provinces:
1901..
1906.
Increase in five years
4gyiioli,1119ilion
419,000
809,000
390,000
41
Th
y
Are Pro
cers
, Nor has the stream of immigration which has poured into the West
found its outlet in the towns. Most of it has gone upon the land—to till the
soil. Nearly 130,000 im-
Increase in Farm Population by immigration migrants from other cow:L-
and tries settled on farms in
the West during the five-
year period ending with
1906. Of that total Mani-
toba received 18,000; Al-
berta, 45,000, and Saskat-
chewan, 66,000. It is to
the wealth produced by
these new arrivals that a very great deal of the piosperity since enjoyed by all
Canada is due.
Immigrants arriving in Western Provinces
settling on farms in five years ending 1906 :
Manitoba
Alberta
Saskatchewan...
Total
18,000
45,000
66,000
129,000
11111
NONT*1011,11010 PI Whig Iii104410101 444.1,01111,14,000110,,tr4040
Good Stock, ' 11
---
So much: has been said of the antics of a few fanatical Doukhobers that
many have concluded these make up a large propoition of the new arrivals in
the West. As a matter of
fact the fanatics are a
mere fraction even of the
Doukhobors. The great
bulk of the new arrivals
from abroad who have United States 60,000
settled on 'Western farms Great Britain 29,000
.
Nearly one - sixth came Norway -Sweden
Germany 24.7:00000000
are of •our own blood. Austro-Hungary
.
enable numbers, as shown by the adjoining table, came from the Scandinavian
from the British Isles. Belgium and Denmark
Almost one -hall are from
the United States. Consid-
countries and Belgium. These are all good stock. Even the Galicians are prov-
ing industrious and frugal settlers, and are rapidly becoming assimilated
with our own people. Indeed, competent observers predict that they will
prove one of the very best elements in the new communities which are being
molded in the West.
Where They Came From
This table shows the countries from which most
of the 130,000 immigrant farmers who have settled in
the West during the last five years carne :
The story c.f the two periods is before you, which do you prefer?
A continuance of progress under an active, aggressive Govern-
ment -.-a Government that does things—or return to a period of
stagnation under a party, the abilities of which are exhausted in
criticism.