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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Brussels Post, 1906-7-19, Page 6C URII1 INT Topics Heat and cold are Sir Oliver Lodge's symbols for good and evil. For ex - 'trema cold, from one viewpoint, Is a deadly damaging Thing, fatal to high Organisms, and a thing to be excluded at all cost. Cold, the cold of a polar night, the oats of liquid sir, will inflict loss of limbs by . frost bite, will hut's, and pain and still, No ono can afford to despise cold if 10 be sufficiently in- tense, Yet what Is cold? Is It anything Was it a Thing that had to be created and brought into being? No, it simply is the absence of hent. The absence of all heat whatever would be absolute zero; and down to such a temperature as that, -460 deg. Fahrenheit, no experi- menter has yet descended, even in the laboratory. In such cold as that all ac- tivity would cease, and the material universe would stagnate into oblivion, Why, then, if cold only is absence of beat, why is it ao deadly and destruc- tive? Why is it so intense and evil to human beings? The answer plainly is, because they have attained so high a stanada'd of devlapment, because of their high 'organization, because of the high temperature at which they norm- ally exist. Cold will not necessarily kill the lowly seed, though it will keep it In suspended animation; but any high- er orgeedsin it will destroy. How do we reckon cold? How do we distinguish what is cold from what is hot? It all depends on our standard of reckoning. Our standard of temperature is the hu- man body, anything below that is cool, anything above that Is waren; anything much above or below is painfully hot or cold. Cold, then from the absolute view- point of nothing,. exists only because heat exists. Heat is the positive thing, cold is a negative thing; but from the viewpoint of human life, cold is a posi- tive damaging, deadly thing. If we ask why was cold brought into existence we ask nonsense. What we really must mean, is why was heat brought into ex- istence? You cannot have heat and de- grees of heat, without having degrees also of cold. One implies the other. Sir William Crookes promises some revelations. It is well known that when the light of an incandescent body Ince the sun is passed through the spectro- scope the elements present in the glow- ing body are shown by lines on the pic- ture, or spectrum, produced, SIr Wil- liam has recently been examining the phosphorescent glow of some rare earths the result of which is to convince him that he has found evidence of new ele- ments. This judgment is founded upon the manner In which certain lines are distributed in tho phosphorescent spec- trum. He opines that be is in posses- sion of good evidence pointing to the ex- istence of two, if not three, new bodies wailing to be isolated by chemical nee. thuds. The real yellow peril is European race suicide. The birth rate of the German empire continues on its downward course, being only 33.0 per thousand in 1903, from 35.7 per thousand in 1901. In Great Britain, the birth rate has fallen from 30.7 in 1803 to 27.8 in 1904. French statistics show that at present the birth rate is only 22 per thousand. It is in- teresting speculation to try to foretell what another century may bring forth In the world's politics if the birth rate of western nations continues to decline and that of the orient keeps up as high es it has in the past. BRITISH ARMY IMPROVING, The great weakness of the British Army has been admittedly, for very many years, in the matter of officers, whose numbers have rarely been entire- ly satisfactory. Since 1803, however, there has been a great improvement in this respect, In that year there were only 7,756 officers and 907 warrant offi- cers to 213,531 note -commissioned offi- cers and men. In 1901 there were 13,- 410 otlicers and 1,125 warrant officers to 406,538 non-commissioned officers and men, so that the proportion of officers to men in that exciting year of the Boer War was about the same as in 1896, Last year, however, we had 10,788 MIL oars and 1,310 warrant officers, to 260,- 038 non-commissioned officers and men, so that the Army was tar better officer- ed in 1005 than it had been for ten years. It is worth noting, by the way, that our garrison in South Africa has been reduced, in the last two years, from 31,000 10 20,000 troops, The only Colonial contribution to the cost of maintaining this melee» Is an annual payment o1 $20,000 made by Natal. ORIGIN OF TIIE STOVE, The most important uses of fire were taught by fire itself, As the primitive lean stood near the flames of the burn- ing tree and felt their pleasant glow h:) learned that, fire may add to bodily contrail, and when the flnoore swept through the forest and overtook a deer and baked it, he learned that fire might be used to improve the quality of the food,' The hint wass eat lost, ale took a burning torch to Ilia cave or shut and kindied hien a lire on his floor of earth. Ills dwelling filled with smoke, but, he Oould onetime the discomfort for the sake of the fire's warmth, and foe the sake at the toothsomeness of the cooked meats. Aller t time a hole was rondo 1 in the roofof he hut, and through ibis bole the smoke passed out. Here was the first stove. The primitive elms,, was She entire house; the floor wns the fire- place and the hole in the roof was the. chimney. The word `stove" originally meant a heated room. SO,thot if we. 811011151 nay that tit first people lived in their staves we would say that which to 1lterall Crud. y 00000041 YOUNG FOLKS ooceo0a A GUESSING GASIII FOR BEDTIME A little boy once had a horn, I think he lived among the corn, And wore a pretty dress of blue; 1'ye ncuriy told lie name to you. Little Boy Blue. A boy and girl walked up a hill, But utnit]e tumblem 1, down they came. And where's the water? Where's the pail? Of each poor child you know the name. lack and Gill. Somebody has a garden, \\'e ask her how it groove, Such funny things site sltye are there, A -growing all in rows. Mary, Mary, Quite Contrary It's something about a. supper, And d somethinge about a kali., And something about a boy that cried, Ands something hog about a wife. Little Tommy Tucker. She . had a clog and he could smoke, And dance and laugh and cry, , This woman and her dog, you knots, To find her name please try. Mother Hubbard She sat upon a little stool To eat her food one day; A spider came and frightened her, And quick she ran away. Little Miss Mnffet, Who sat down in a corner, One Christmas long ago, And thought himself a good, good boy, While eating pie, you know! Little Tack Horner. LITTLE MISS BUD. "Little Miss Bud," as site was called by those who knew her, could net week; she had never walked. Her lower limbs were so deformed that no doctor on earth could set them right. She did not use crutches. Once a pair had been procured and she sat upon them, but she was so frightened and screamed, that her father lifted her off, and would not try the experiment again. That was before her mother died, and she was left alone with her father He loved her tenderly and was as gentle in hos care of cher as any woman could be "fill never bring another into the place of the wife who lies under the sod," he said, to himself. "It would be worse than the crutches. Not but that I knight get some one who would be good to my poor title bud. Still one never knows what a woman is until he's married to her" And so it eves that Bertha Byrd, as her real name was. reigned alone in the small flat her father rented near the car shops in which he worked, and from which he could get home to din- ner. He also engaged a brisk, motherly Irishwoman to come in for an hour or two each day and keep the place in or- der. Bertha's mother was French, brought up in a sweet village in Normandy. She had gone to that gayest of gay cities, Paris, as a girl, to earn her bread with an aunt Who was a flowermaker. There she met and married a young machin- ist, who had been sent over from Ameri- ca with others to learn something for manufacturers. Many a tale she told their only child, a helpless cripple, of the simple ways of the peasantry in her early village hone, and, later still, of "Paris, the beautiful." The little girl could almost fancy she saw it all, the parks, the boulevards, the flower gar- dens—though a great ocean rolled be- tween. Bal this was not ail. A.$ the veers went 1-'y she taught her darling the net which the French have brought to such perfection, that of making artificial flow- ers. Oh, how it colored and transform- ed the girl's whole life, making it truly l," "bloom and blossom Rs the rose„" She forgot her condition, her physical infirm- ity, and the artistic taste she inherited and love of the beautiful grew and grow. No more listlessness, no more self-pity, she had an object in life, had found an occupation, Oh, thank God—thank God for world In mercy God sent forth to till the ground and develop the resources overcoming obstacles. Anything but idleness. Rosebuds became her specially—rose- buds. cream, white, pink, yellow; with hearts of gold. That was ihow she cane 13 be called "Little Miss Bud." Her parents had fried to carry on her edu- cation in other ways, loo, and Mier - wards a kind lady who heerd of the child, visited her twice a week, as she could not attend sohool, teaching her to write and sew, She could rend already and loved reading. and speak two lan- guages, her mother's native tongue and her own. But flower -making was her chief delight. Often sloe would lay the delicate pet- als against her check and lips before placing them in boxes for retnoval to the great dry goods store, For Use Bud's flowers, once seen by the head of o millinery department, were in great demand. Of course they were siinwn as "imported," but so were n great many things manufactured in America. "Just reran Paris," cu.sloniers wive as. stated, wiltmet. the tittle artist's know- ledge. She might hnvo added, "In a roundnlont ways"'—I ler meetings were considerable and comforts lncreaseil. Son she, was obliged to lake in a lit- tle orphan girl, Alice Mny. as nsstsiant, !twee a good day for Alice, indeed, for both, as note Bertha luau a cnnstnnt companion, Nor was this all, The kind lady visitor spoke to her nI the dear Saviour. the ever-present Friend. To- gether they rend of Itis Warks of healing when on earth, hew Ile made the blind to sen, end the tome to walk, Then the lady quoted e. text: Then shrill the limn leap as nn hart --the redeemed shalt walk there." Bertha hrnnlhed fest. her eyrie grew ergo and inmirions, and her swnoi fare n nmver'ltke face, people said It WAS* nnnsihed, Where? When?" she questioned eng- erly. "\\'hen he shall Dime Whose right it Is to reign," "Rol, when?" insistently, "Bernie, deer," her friend rennet, "that paten rainy refer In n goad lime tint's coming on the earth, when :we cannot tell. But one thing is certain in 111 heaven we seek the inhabitant shall no say, I ant sick, 'Phare Will ho 110 weal; ness—no infirmity. There will be per feet healing, perfect service. There eves no immediate answer, 111 from the lame girls heart went up tha moment a veneeless cry to the Goo Slhepherd, Did He ever fall to hen such? Never. It was we11 with 111 child, SO well that 011e connoted it to the eosnbuds, for she could not keep tee glad secret altogether to herself and was shy of talking ahnnt It to others at first. Only a tear of joy blurred creamy leaf ns site murmured, "Oh, urn se humpy! it Is welt" Yee, even widen she hailed day by de until the slim while fingers almost seem el transparent. The lady brought i carriage, thin white! c i s lined,, anis driven rood a lovely lake in a perfect rapture of delight. A eha'ituble society sent a wheel eclair, on which Mrs, Mut- catty, the 11'ishwnman, most faithfully attended. But, all, balmy breezes and beautiful scenery could not restore the failing vital force. Prepped cit by pillows an a couch the delicate fabrics she had asked for were given to her hand. "This is for Mrs. Mulcahy," she said, id holding out a bouquet, the varied love- liness of which was so perfectly natur- al one could almost fancy it exhaled Ira- grance. "\\'hen first she came bereshe said she knew when her eyes were set on me 1 was of royal blood"— and she laughed until she coughed. "Tell 'Iter I are the child of a King'—and I shall sit at my father's table, but there will be no lame feet to hide away under ft," "And this is for dear Alice"—a few white buds in trailing shields of moss, "A card, please, and pencil." Then site printed very slowly. The pure in heart shall see God," and attached it to the long stems. And so loving and thoughtful for others to the lust, she drew near the border. As the sun was declining she passed away, whispering faintly, The redeemed — shat]—walk there." Death has no terrors for these who trust in Christ. Why should children fear it? It is only like the birds when at the approach of winter, they seek a brighter clime. It is the Shepherd call- ing his lambkins home. "Sloe is better off," said the fatter, as so many others have said. And the thought brought consolation, ------------ of shore. Most of the relives believed in ti the than -migration of souls and fro- .' fluently east their dead, and also their • living babies into the sea to be devoured by the sharks„ believing that 'their souls would ever after animate those fishes and inlin° then' to respect the bodies dof the living members of the family. r I Each shark god hid a special keeper, or kuhu, responsible fur its cure end work. 1nans111p, "The la'p'el rind most celebrated "1 the shark mete of the islands was at Ephalmoana, a male, whoee month was I Raul to lie as 'urge as an ordinary grass lioness and Melee Milk was SO y. great that it cntd not navigate the - Menthes between the islands and was I forced to remain in the open Seo. Second In size and pewee was Kama - heath, elder brother of the terrible volcnni, goddess l'ele. "l n lite Soloman 'elands Antics are supposed to be the abode of ghosts. Men will before their death annouurc that they will appear as sharks, and afterward any shark remarkable for size or Colo' which is observed to haunt a certain shore or rock is taken to be sante one's ghost, and the name of the deceased is given to it, "On many of the South Sea rebinds Lha eating of shade meat was tabooed In women, and It meant death if they disobeyed the taboo. Tho Hien, however, had no compunctions about eating a shark, provided it was some other man's god. "In Norway the shark fishery is rf considerable importance. Small sloops are employed. As soon as a shark is caught 1t is hauled up just clear of the water, STORIES OF BIG SHARKS HATED, WORSHIPPED, USEFUL SCAVENGERS OF THE SEA. Thirty -Footers Caught on the Pacific Coast—Fourteen-Footers Can Swallow a Man. "One of the tihost interesting denizens of the water," says a natural history collector, is the shark. It is found in all seas and occupies a prominent place in the mythology, folk lore, religion and domestic economy of all countries bor- dering on the water. "The shark is undoubtedly a dog with a bad name, but it really does not de- serve half the bad things said of it. While an unmitigated nuisance and ex- pense In many ways, especially to fisher- men, yet it subserves a. most necessary purpose, namely, that of scavenger of the seas. "Like the gent and the ostrich on land, the shark will swallow almost any- thing that comes its way, be it a man, a horse, feathered fowls, bottles, lin cans, rope or pieces of wood. The species known as man-eaters have been known to attack human beings, but they rarely do so unless driven to it by extreme lunger, or if the person be floating on the surface or slowly swim- ming along. A vigorous movement on the pari of a swimmer is very apt to scare away any shark. "The shark family comprises many members, (here being sixty -Iwo distinct species in North American waters alone. Many of these bear peculiar common names, as : Frilled, cow, dog, bullhead, cat, nurse, requiem, hammer -headed, thrasher, backing, man-eater, mackerel, bramble and angel, While many are comparatively small, others attain a. greet size. "A mamealer was captured in Mon- terey Bay, Cal., a few years ago which measured thirty-two feet in length. Another caught near Soqucl, Cal., was ABOUT THIRTY FEET LONG and had a young sea lion weighing about 100 pounds in its stomach. "In 1004 an Italian fisherman caught a stark Twenty feet long and weighing 3,500 pounds in a net in San Francisco Bay. In its stomach were six large por- poises wideli the animal had swallowed whole. I helped to open up one In the lion- nlulu fish market a few years ago, and found in its stomach the body of a man, complete from the waist down with tihe exception of one leg, also some ducks, tin cans, etc. The body was identified late' es that of a man who had disap- peared about ten days before while Walling off 'Koko Head, The shark was twenty feet long, "In order to give an idea of how easy it would be for a man-eater to swallow a full-grown man. I prepared the skeleton of a fourteen -fool 1/lan- celet' and after the jaws were dried separately and propped open I was able to crawl through them without the slightest difficulty. "The twist renarkeble shark ever relight Was secured by Fred Miller of 'I'neonhn. fn 1001. It Was eight feet long, and ihad two heads and two tails on the one body, "11. is in tee South Sens That Thr. Shavk atinins els grralrsl prr•rmfnrncr, Isere it wale fortl,e'ly worn+hipped as a govt and even now it., does not lake much In drive many of the native converts 1 nek to shark worship. if They have ever realty given it up, as the Cln'istinn reit. gio'n sits rase on ninny of then. "fn the llnweitan Islands shark wor- ship wns el one time ndunst universal, This w'or..hlp WaS nal confined to an un- seen, idealized form, but. woe often centred in SOME T.TViNG SPECIMEN " Moth file uonhPd a Certain rata a alba f el q g b WITH A FEW QUICIK SLASIIES its liver is out out and thrown into a tub. Then its eyes are put out and it Is cut adrift to go and complete the very slow, in its case, process of dying whore and how it pleases. "in extenuation of their cruelty in putting out its eyes, the fishermen say that if they did not do 10 so voracious is the animal that it would be apt to come back and take the bait a second time. "Like the turtle the shark is hard to convince that it has been mutilated enough to cause the death of any self- respecling animal. In illustration of this tenacity of life may bo mentioned the instance of a large grey shark cap- tured in Australian waters -a. few years a g0, "After being hauled up to the side of the boa the monster was ripped open from head to tail. The vital organs and entrails were removed and thrown over- board, and then both jaws were hacked out for the sake of securing the teeth, and its eyes put out, "Nothing but the shell of the fish re- mained, and this was lowered over- board. Very much to the astonishment of bis captors the shark slowly swam around close to the boat for a few min- utes and then laboriously began to swim off, soon disappearing in the dis- tance. "The native of the Hawaiian Islands is probably the most tearless hunter 01 the shark. Occasionally the more ex- pert seek the fish in coves and COATS BELOW THE SURFACE after the shark hes gorged itself and sleeps with its head fo•ced,into the sides' of Its resting place. "The di\er gently slips a noose around the tail and the shark is then hauled up and despatched. As the slightest fats() movement of the diver would startle the fish, and cause it to attack him, an idea can be gained of the care and delicacy necessary to be exercised in this man- ner of hunting. "At other tunes the natives take the shark with a spear. Diving to a favor- able spot in four or five fathoms of water, the diver pieces himself in a half crouching posture against a large coral rode and wails for the shark to appear, "When one comes swimming along the diver darts the spear into a vital] spot, if possible. Should he fall to kill the fish with the spear he watches his opportunity and completes the opera- tion with his knife, fearlessly engaging at close quarters. "The shark is put to many economic uses, The flesh is eaten in most coun- tries, When fresh the meat is rather indigestible and unwholesome; when dried it has a peculiar but by no means disagreeable flavor, somewhat resem- bling old cheese. "The fins are converted into jelly and canned soup, or dried and shipped in the rough to China, fine machinery and medicinal oil is made from the liver, handsome leather from the skin, walk- ing slicks from the backbone and many articles from the jawbone and leech. Nearly all of the sword grips worn by officers of the Getman army etre made from shark leather. They are beautiful in pattern, being marked with blade diamond-shaped figures." USUAL NUMBER OF EARTHQUAKES, Professor Milne Says They Aro Not More Frequent. A fallacy which has not yet been over- taken is to the effect that our world, in consequence of some general but bane- ful influence, hes of late been trembling and quaking more frequently than has been nor wont. Evidence to this effect is not forthcoming, if we turn to facts we find that from 1800 to 1005, inclusive, the yearly number of world disturbing earthquakes has been 01, 50, 43, 64, 58, 20 and 55. In the year :1005 we had, therefore, one large eerihqualce less than the yearly average, which is 50, Since tfhe end of 1005 the largo earth- quakes have been seven or eight. In July of lest year, the California earthquake was entirely eclipsed as a world shatter by ieio disturbances which nrigine.led in Central Asia, Wande'hng tribes do not write in the papers, so these, so fa' es the public 51e 0011. evened, had no existence, On Sept, 8 Calabria was well shaken, bili whether this played any pert infreeing Vest)• vhts is a mailer ler hisimer:id inquiry, The Columbian eniel uunke shook one, if not three, volcanoes into activity, in March, 1,087 people lost their fives in Formose.; but Formosans are not Euro- peans, therefore, hilt 11111e notice teas lateen of the event. Earthquakes and eruptions beim not been more niuneraus then usunb' et feet 1 but their ,f L 5 :have been f h brought to our doors. IN fllE LAND OF BIG GAME ALONG TUE SIIOIUTS OF LAftlii NAI- VASIIA, LAST A4'lUCA. Great Flock of Flamintloes and Herons Gazelles Minpl[n0 WW1 - Sheep, 'The ((wired traveller who goes by lite Uganda Beltway from Moultusih to the Yagoda Nyanza has many wonders in store for thus For several hums at first, as the line winds quickly upward from the coast., he may Rei glurious views of the Indian Ocean (rho lust for a long time to come) and its beautiful buys end harbors. The belt of inhale - hated and cultivated country i5 narrow and soon passed; palm trees and man- goes and bananas disappear and give place to queer looking euphorbias and yellow flowering acacias; it 1s a dreary anti waterless land, where little but tho'ns will flourish, through h For many hours he travels 1 1 ,yg a country that reminds Kinn of a well stocked farm, or rather of the zoologi- cal gardens, writes A. F. 13. \Vooleston in the Westminster Gazette, Huge herds of hartbeests, zebras and gazelles, parties of wildebeests and ostrches, bus- tards and crimes are scattered far and wide over the plain, and if 'he be lucky he may see a Herd of giraffes or a fam- ily of lions. If he seems to be a stranger in the land half a dozen dif- ferent fellow passengers will tell him the story of the unhappy lion hunter who slept at his post in the railway car- riage and was coveted out of the win- dows and eaten by the very lion lie went cut to kill. More notable still is the sight of Kilmanjaro, a huge truncated pyramid or snow rising out of the morn- ing mists sixty miles to the southward. Kenia, too,' may be seen, or more likely great cloud banks, where the MOUNTAIN LIES HIDDEN. After many years of toilsome climb- ing through scrub and swamp and jungle, always upward, the enghne whistles—it sounds like a sigh o1 re- lief—and of 0 sudden we are plunging down from the Kikuyu Escarpment into the Great Rift Valley. It loops, indeed, like a Promised Land, and it is likely within a few years, if not to flow with milk and honey, et all events to be 1111 - ed with cattle and sheep, The climate at this altitude of 6,000 feet and more above the sea is healthy for Europeans. Of all the beauties of the Rift Valley tbere is none that can be compared with the lovely and mysterious Lake Naivasha, IL is hard to believe that this is Africa and but a few miles from the equator. Naivasha has been likened to many different places; one writer was reminded of a gloomy Irish lough—per- haps his visit was in a wet season, or possibly it was the snipe in Tho swamps; another was reminded of the Bay of Neples and the view from Posilipo. To my mind there is something of New Zea- land 1n the air and In the scene as well. To the wandering naturalist, whether his bent be toward birds, beasts, nutter - Pies or plants, Naivasha is one of those happy hunting grounds that he has dreamed of but. has never expected to see. The margin o1 the lake Is fringed with sedges, tall reeds and papyrus. Beyond the papyrus is a marvel of water lilies, red and white and blue, but mostly blue, Where the shallows extend far out into the lake there must be near a mile of water lilies. In the morning,- when the breeze ruffles the water and breaks up the reflections of the hills, tae green of the tenement up turned leaves, the blue of the flowers, the orange of the submerged stems and Lite almost amethyst of the water to- gether make A VERY OPAL OF COLOR. One of the prettiest bird sights I have ever bad the good luck to see was here; in a little buy of water lilies, standing on the leaves and preening their plu- mage, was a party of long legged, black winged stilts winter rnigranis from the north; behind them was a wall of graoe- hd bending papyrus and overhead was a snowy Casipan fern, Among the lilies and on Inc open water beyond are a myriad coots and grebes, ducks and cormorants, and further still huge peli- cans. Overhead are circling and. constantly crying a pair of fish eagles, sometimes so high up that we can barely make out two shouting specks ()hove us, sometimes so near that we can clearly see the brilliant black and white and red brown of their plumage. On a shellow, sunken mud bank is a long lone of while, which shows a tinge of black and crimson, as the great flock of flamingoes rises and flaps slowly away Iteppily shore are no crocodiles 'here, but hippos abound, and ono may often ce,lch a glimpse of 11080 end eyes as they lie in ,the shallow's basking in the sun, or nt night, when they feed, lime them crashing through the reeds. It is only here and there that ono can follow the welter's edge; -mostly the reeds are too thick and the ground too swampy for any but a waterbuck to pass. Along Ile outside, where the reeds meet the grecs, are big flocks "1 L'pypiinn geese, which spend most of Inc day in sleep, but mike noise enough in the evening end early morning, hero ton, aro black ibises, Way as curlews, and sacred ibises in smell parties of licew'o foandod, explothree, aiWsys Ing810busilylch of senrciopraunindg '5'3 n. P1 after and more ennOding ere the great while heron and the smaller Miff - backed heron, Which hn'rll,y lake the trouble to move ns ono nprnaches; they pee le feed mmnng the herds of native cattle, Wien perching on Ile backs of Ihr beasts,. es 1 have neon them do In Egypt. Crnwnrrl crnn0s, generally 'n pairs, sh'ide wneollectl,y about wilhln o dozen verde of Its, evidently conscious of the Mev that protects them, Of big game, though (here is plenty in the district, one does not son very much on the eastern side of the lake, Here on 1110 wide Monsey fln's end on the lower slopes of the hills burnouse decks of sheep end tennis nod pnslurr, Al the time of nor v sit there were are.. ca every evening to th0 bona near Dur camp 0ins0 upon , 20;000 BLEATING AN1\MALS, ir, the necompnnlment of m11010 shrill vv'htsiiing irnm the boys who Iona them, Ugly savages RN? these Mesad boys, clothed In little loss than a long spoor, and round their necks a string of bend or empty cartridge case's. It is a pretty bight to see a Herd 0 the graceful little '1'honson's gnzellh (!neatly called 'I'omntit's) mingling will e nookof sheep and gents, and +follow ing with the others when lite boys wide oe even needing 0 prod with the spear point to make them move faster Whether they do It for amusement u for the sake of companionship or Int' n better protection against Ilu'ir enemies bloc ph,otwling lion and leopard, who a l ny, (]rands gazelle, a. sonewhnt lergr'r 500110115] with beautifully curved Morns, Is found here, too; but he is not. so lain es the former, and goes bounding away —bouncing is alines, the weed_ -es Utongit his body were hufll of springs. :\ few b inhering ha'l1 ells, tddruu4 red brutes with nil the ugly feeluree of a cow and of the donkey combined, are seen here and there; they trot off unlit they aro just out of rouge, then turn around and treat its In an mato stare, Ono morning we carne suddenly over a low hilt and ova]iced Into the midst of a herd of zebras, Off they went, fifty or more of then, as fast as they could gallop, straight toward s newly strung wire Tanen. Ether t11cy did not see it, m' they were too much Irlghtened to turn all cla nes ane of Nino stvet'ved, hill dashed tiu'ough alto fonre., as though the \vires were cobwebs, and as far as we could see not one was dam- aged In the lens,, Zebras may bo seen h'am Ole railway Uterally In 1h01as0uls on the AIM Plains, near Nairobi, and again on the rolling grass lands between Naivasha and Nakuru. AT THE GOVERNMENT FARM, s where lie lives like a mo:lireval baron, and Buenos Ayres end l.nrope, Prob. 1 ably n0W1101'e els, in the world, certain. ly not outside of the greed cities, le 1 there a0 great a gulf between the stand• arch of living of the, highest and the low- - est. Nowhere have 1 soon such lavishly 1 run establishments as lime of these lend kings of Argentina, both 1lattve r and British, Val /10W11011? among Cau, enemas have 1 even :.orb primitive qua , tee's end strop hard living es among in peons and gallehms of lite scone country. The eight or ten weeks that 1 have spent in various purls of the pampas were almost equally divided between e� these diunetrienlly opposite w'ay's of living, giving ono all Ile ndvanlago or sharp contrast In showing the one u against the other. 11 be an amusing ansi rather novel experienee to sit with the lawns culler mahogany end sip French , 11 Inn from a glass of It[mlze crystal ane day and the next to hunch up on a horse skull stool and R11ele state through e bomhilla that hes been in a rinzen other Mouths before 11 conies In you, nr per- i haps to have imported IRngllsh lamb !chops and French pens for 11 0'01011 ; breakfast, and for 5 o'olorle dinner a hunk of smoky, greasy carne asndo, cooked on a sleet spike in the midst of en nPen fire.andnnten by holding inthe hands and rending with the teeth. But whatever, end by whomever dispensed, It is tendered with a free and unforced kindliness that reduces it. , ALL TO Tf111 SAME LEVEL. 1'- e n few miles from Naivasha, expert- ntents have been made In crossing ze- Lras, but hitherto no very satisfactory hybrid has been produced, The pure bred anima] Is diimcult to lame and of vary b'onglittle hybriusedns, capabeastable oforeslsbrden;lfng Inout many diseases of the county, would solve the horse problem of East Africa old would go far toward' Insuring the prosperity of the culony. Near the southeastern corner of the lake is an island, the largest in the lake, where we camped for a time, The voyage of a mile or more from the main- land is made in the relics of a boat, which, from its appearance, must have Leen brought here by ale first explorers thirty years ago. It was never less than tall full of water, which kept two boys busy baling with buckets, and the one MA a half broken paddles threatened every moment to be reduced to none at all. Half way across arc two small is- lets; one a favorite breeding phaco of herons and ibises, which nest here in hundreds, the other apparently 0. play- glound for the hippos, to judge from the trampled reeds and the erashings and gruntings which issue, from it by night. The tangle by the lake shore is the haunt by clay of many water buck, which swim over from the nmainiand and find here a sanctuary from their enemies, the (ions and hyenas. As the shadows grow longer and the sun goes down behind LOA Mau a troop of baboons in the rocks begin tell chatter before they go to bed, and there is o stir among the geese beside the lake. !Jackals, walcinp from their long siesta, trot over the plain and creep cau- tiously toward the camps of the natives, Something brown appears at the edge of the reeds; it is a water buck. At first his heed and horns alone ale vis - Rio, then after a wary look about him, he steps out from his shelter and, stop -1 i ping here and there to crop a tuft, of grass, strolls off to a favorite salllick a mile away. Like the red deer of Exmoor, the wa- ter buck play havoc in any unfenced 1 srden o' cultivate(' ground They o 10 pall a plant up by the roots, and actor a single bite (not always that) pass on in another. The twilight goes quick - 1e, and in half an hour it is black night. There is a croaking chorus of frogs by the lake and the "knnlc" of herons over- head flying to their fishing. As we move toward the camp our steps are perhaps a little quickened when we hear the 'unearthly howl of hyenas and the discontented grunt of a lion. PLAINS OF ARGENTINE IMMENSE LEVEL TRACTS OF FARM- ING AND GRA'LING LANDS. Where Fortunes are Made—Distinction Between the Land Owners and Tenants. The pampas of Argentina correspond very olosoly to the Mississippi valley of Stales and the great plains of the Canadian Northwest, but on a show- down they would prove far truer to the name of plains then anything north 01 the Isthmus of Panama. Nowhere else in the world is there so large a1 area 1 that approaches so near an absolute level as do the pampas. 0 The exigencies of railroad building best illustrate this fact. Loolc at a rail- road map of Argentine. and see how the c lines radiate front Buenos Ayres like the spokes of a wheel. Whether northwest 10 Rosario and Cordoba: west to the Andes, southwest to the Pampa Central, or south to Mar del Plata and Belga Blanca, their course 1s invariably al- most perfeetly direct. The Buenos Ayres and Pacific Beltway has the long- est "slrnighl" In the world, where be, tweet Vedla and Mackenna, in the heart of the pampas, the rails run for 175 miles without an inch of curve, and but for nn "S" at the former place would continue so for 200 miles, This is hndi- calivn of the rent fling in level lane. Tr, the average inhabitant of the pampas a genua ,swill on the bosom of the Wein le a thong of Inte'est and a hill a thing to revere. 1 don't knots exactly what hie, idea of heaven is, but Lfeel perfectly snto in assuming that it contains moan - tains, Talking with an Englishman in Banta Blanca a while ago he divided leis coun- trymen who awned eslanolas In the pampas into two classes: Those who were gentlemen when they cause la the country, and those who were not gen- tlemen when they came to the country, but had since heeotne such through the accession of wealth following their fore- sight and good management. The definition of gentleman herein implied may bo somewhat open to question, otherwise the statement gives a very,, good idea of the slluntian. The later do not return to England every sunuver on a vigil, have fewer fads rand fancies, and in many other ways• erlispiay more "horse sense" than the born gentleman. Most of these aro making money faster than they can count it. The others are making money, too, but because they cannot help it rather than for any ocher reason. They farm as gentlemen farm in England, and their kennels and stables and fancy cat - Ile and their imposing but antiquated sgrieullural machinery are responsible for a subslanliai deice every year which however, their thousands of hectares of land rented out to Italian tenantry regu- larly mato good, and with some Io spare. Over and above this the stead- ily increasing value of their lanris inci- dent to the growth of the country is doubling and Trebling their wealth 01001'30 few years. There is nothing like an Argentina grain train anywhere else in the world, awl the sight of one on the move Is alone worth A TRIP TO THE PAMPAS. They are especially designed for this country and could be used in no other. One of them would be far too wide to pass through an EngltSii lane, far too long to turn an ordinary cross-roads corner in the Slates and far loo heavy le be used in any country where horses were not at bedrock prices. A good sized wagon will be from 40 to 50 feet long anis from 12 to 15 feet wide. Its bind wheels will be from 12 t.0 14 feet, high and the drivers seat 20 feet or more from the ground. The horses used appenr innumerable, and actually at limes run above Ivo and three score. They arc driven either by the "jerk line" system or by reins run out to the leading pair. The capacity of one of (nese vehicles Is enormous, and the general rule of "a wagonload makes a carload" will not often be found amiss. The principal idea of so large a wagon is to hew something that will not be engulfed by the mud or dust o1 the bottomless roads of the pampas, but it also has Its economic advantages in a country where men are scarce and hors- e= 01e11llfnl, The gauche of the pampas is the eounlenparl of mfr cowboy of the plains, and the howeiey rider of tihe Austral - inn "»sole blade," and he is in many 00 VS 7111ile as active a entracte* a5 ei- ther 0f his brothers. His worst foul, seems to be his extreme carelessness in regard In the lives of those around him, but ns be Is. equally careless of his own I cannot see where this can logically be held against hind. AS A HANDLER OF STOCIS he Is possibly the peer of a Queensland drover, but Js certainly not to be men- tioned in sho same breath with a Texas, Arizona or Montana cowboy, nor with tnu best of Mexican vaqueros. 1 bad arrived at this conclusion in my own mind from the first time I had eon what were said to be expert gau- hos working out at a roundup, hence was the more pleased when, not long go, a bunch of half a dozen Texas cow- loys cane to this country on nn eslhihi- ton tour and demonstrated to the sat- sinclion of everybody that, both in nelhod and execution, in the handling 1 cattle and horses, the North Ameri- en is fur superior to the South Ameri- en. THE PAMPAS OF TODAY, aro 110E the pampas of thirty yea's ego, says a correspondent of the Los Angeles Times. Then the prevailing pursuits were pastoral; now those horticultural lake the lead end aro rapidly h1o'eas- lne in impudence, Formerly master auci man lived Wilco, both in mud hills old on a diet of carne, need°, gellable ds nntl ninth, Now, ll this is [»h Ihr 1 peons, tvhila the coastalta' tlivitiothe (tone: n between his pnlallal 0010110110 h0nse, N A cowboy would rope and to a steer. in from thirty to forty seconds so deftly that it could be released by a single pull, where the gaucho would spend five minutes smothering the animal in a coil of rope, from which a surgical op- eration was usually required to release it. Buenos Ayres found the dose a hard one to swallow, but Ilie best of them flnnhy got It clown and adhnitlecl that their men wire outclassed at their own game. The English papers stood tip manfully for the worthy Texan visitors —recta pride, 710 doubt,—batt the Argon - !intone were obdurate to the lust con- tinuing doggedly In insist that the na- tives lied all the 1 s test of tits, competitions. Tiff DIFFERENCE, libbs : "Bilkins tells me he Js only an amateur politician, but if anybody can tell ale the difference between en ama- teur end the professional, I'll trent," Nibbs : "All right, treat. me, 'Pito dif- ference Is that the amateur puts money talo polillee and the professional lakes money oil." Hast (ata mustard reception): "My nodnecs, 1, lust tetra lit that printf nuns, She has pretty cool lmnpudelca, bond in pity her .8100 to rrnne 11ee1 lee !gbh enol now she's singing '1 ]KnoW of Why I Sing"'"