HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Brussels Post, 1906-1-4, Page 3aliilk's 'NICKEL MI ES.
An Ainerdcan Correspondent Writes About the
Biggest Mine in the World.
Tl o a nickel out .of your [Mae,.
NOW suppose you had a pile of niek-
els as big as the natlenal caplol
betiding at laaehington, and that
they were all packdd Solid in a'greet
hole in the ground. I have just eon
meket mum out of which (111110.
o 11iC1k01 we bigger than the capital
hae already been taken wiites'Frank
G• Carpenter from Sudlivesy, Ont
to the Chicago llennrd-JIereld Ihn
miners aro working away there to-
day, and they SILOl have millions of
tons of nickel in sight. Thin wee at
the Cveighton mine, about tweise
miles from Sudbury, the biggest -nick-
el mina in the world.
Only two places have been discover -
'ed so far on our great, reined earth
where nickel exists In large qUant!'
ties, .0no Is bere in Canada, a few,
'Miles north of the Georgian Buy,
and the other is away 'down below
the equator off the eastern shore of
Australia,.on.the opposite side of the
world.
The Meisel of this Lake Superior
region lies In the earth somewhat.
RIM iron ore, It looks like Iron, or
rather like braes stuil you sometimes
find in coal. It is a combination of
nickel, copper, sulphur and iron, and
It is fonnd in mighty beds or pockete
going down no one knows how deep.
There ere nickel mines at Co, per
Cliff, about four miles from here,
which are now 1,200 feet 'deep, and
the ore, 18 still rich and plentiful. The
Creighthn mine is apparently Jinx-
hauetiblo. The vast pit from which
the one has Moe quarriedduring the
past tWo or three years is about 300
feet wide and 890 feet long. It looks
like the mouth of a volcano mid
makes me think of the 'Boma volcano
which 1 visited in the mountains of
eastern Java,
But this Creighton Seine is by no
means the only nickel deposit here.
The ore is found in ever ffireetion,
and the supply Seems to be
ALMOST INEXHAUSTIBLE.
The Creighton mine , and those at
Copper 01111 belong to the Canadien
Copper Company. This is a branch
of the International Nickel Oompane,
or nickel trust, which owns -20,000
acres of nickel lands here; mid svhich
bas a monopoly of the nickelbusi-
ness of. thls continent.
Indeed, I might say that It has al-
most a monopoly of the nickel of the
world, the output of the French
mines being Mach less than that al
. Canada. It ships between 14,000.-
000 and 15,000,000 pounds of nickel
matte annually; and itss product last
year was worth more than $1,000.-
000. It .bas the largest nickel ssmel-
t r on oarth, elicl it has about the
only process that is successfully nsecl
for getting the nickel out of the
matte 'after it comes from the smel-
ter. Et is this Process which gives
the International Nickel Company
the monopoly of the business:
Fer. all practical purposes only one
nickel company is operating •here to-
day. This is the International Nick&
Company, which is a combination of
the Canadian Copper Company,. oper-
atieg here, and its associate com-
panies of the' TJnited States; which
reduce the matte and handle the pro-
duct. The coign/my has a a/spite:Ilia-
tion running high into the millionS,
and I understand that it pays good
dividends,
The Canadian Copper Company was
the first to mine nickel in Same
quantities. It was organized by Ohio
parties' in. 1886, thechief incorpora-
tors being Cleveland nion, among '
whom were Judge Stevenson Burk,
Senator Henry B. Payne and others.
The Canadian Pacific 'Road had made
bare tlie nickel deposits' several years
before, but no one had looked upon
the ore as nickel, and it was consid-
ered valuable only for the copper it
contained. Tho Ohio company sub-
scribed two million and a half dol-
lars to its enterprise and began to
work mines at cloplier CHIT for the
copper in them. They eent' part of,
their copper to New Jersey, and cin -
other part to Wales. The reduction
works at New Jersey lookeil upon
the nickel as of no ace/it:int and let
It run °IT with •tho slag, while the
Wales stiletto% paid only for the cop-
per and kept the nickel as a private
rake-og.
YTELDS A GOOD PROFIT.
After a short time, however, the
Canadian Copper Company disc/tarot-
sd that the nickel in their ore Was
hir more valuable than the copper,
and since then nickel has been the
principal item of profit The Sul
Miry region is a nickel countre, and
the copper in it is not covisiderela
Tho ore now being taken Rano the
Creighton Mine carriee about 6 per
cent. nickel, 2 or 8 per cent of cons
per, about 40 per cent of iron and
25 or 60 per cent, of sulphim, With
other stuff to make up, the balance.
This equals about six pounds of
nickel to the hundred, or 120 pounds
pee toe. At the selling price of 40
cents a pound each ton of 01.0 tlielt-
fore contains about $47- worth of
nickel. A ton of ore width has One
ounce of gold in it Pays won for
Mining, mud :omit .are yielde only ti120
per ton.
Tho Copper Cliff smelters ere of
enormous size, Through the kindness
Of 'A, P, Teener; preeldent of the
Canadian comp:nee, X haVe boon able
to go through them dude& me stay,
The ore is brought 10 on. Imes from
Creighton mine, which is eight miles
&Way. It Is fleet crushed and goodie
lad, and Uwh epread out In great
hasps 00 bode of Cord wood to he
roatitad, Heedeeda of tone of the
toatse Me aro piled upon the wood
tan! the fitter ote dust spread over
them- Item fire is started and the.
ore gradeally burnt eaveY day nftOP
flay far a period or two months or
more. This roasts mit 15 or 20 per
cent of the melphur.
There .itee in tete neig•hboehood of a
thousand miners, employed here t v
the One:Ohm Copper Company, Dee
might reeppose that they would be in-'
I ittred by the sulphur femme
; They nee, on the eontrarY, LIS healthy
1 ee guy pc0p10 in the world. The chit -
1 dren have nosy cheeke and the miners
i are more healthy in appearance than
' those about Ilittsberg or Bette Cita,
, MOIL.
. 1 shall not attempt to lleeeribe the
process of reducing the are in the
furnace. The smelter covers name
1 Eterea and its machinery Is all of the.
jrnast modern inake Plverything is
. areanged to save manunl labor ' and
, the ores aro reclueed at the minimum
. cost. At present the company is l cora-
streNV cting 110 W011(8 In addition to
those 110W in use, and a waterfall
. tn en ty-eigh I. mil es away is I gee e
1 equipped with machinery which will
, giVe the company 10,000 horse -pow.
1 ea The output at tbis wilting is
about 700 tons of picket matte per
I day, which, at 300 working days in
1 the year, would make something 'lee
200,000 tons of mato annually,. All
this• matte Is • sent to constable
j Rook, II, J:, whore its varieue ele-
ments are separated by the Or'oeil
I process, ,and the nickel of commerce
is Ihdde. '
NEW USES FOR NICItEL,
During my stay at Copper Cliff I
had a chat with David 11, Browne
the metallurgist of .the International
Nickel Company, about nicael an
the new uses for it. M1' Browne -hes
been connected with the Canadian
Copper Company for the past fifteen
years. ale has been working success
-
fatly innickel all the time, and he
knows. as notch, perhaes, about It
as any man in the countey. In speak-
ing of the similarity of nickel steel
to meteorites, Mr. Browne remarked
that it had practically the same com-
position as the latter. "A in.:tear
ite, said he, "might be called a
part of a shattered world. which has
shot on through space and fallen to
earth. The discovery of the process
of making nickel -steel was by an
Englishman named Riley; who got
the suggestion from a meteor 101010
in Greenland. This meteor was OD
i nznense mass that had fallen from;
the skies ages ago and was veneratedi
by the Greenlanders as god. The
natives W01'0 wont to hammer splin-
ters from it, and make them into
spear beads and hammer heads. They
accompanied their work by prayers
to the god, and found that Miele
spearheads were liner than any that
they could get elsewhere. A. few
years ago Peary, the explorer, toms
one o
f these meteorites to NW eYork,
i
and t is uow in the center of the
arch...of the Museum of Natural His-
. tory, on Seventy-seventh street. That
meteor is pure nickel -steel, and the
splinters and the hammer -heads of
Riley hoard of these discoveries, and
the Greenlanders were nickel -steel. I
this gave him the idea which ended
in the new metal. I think it was
Tyndal who first made it pub'icly
known that the meteorites contahmd
nickel -steel."
"I -suppose the chief use of nickel
Is for nicking suth steel, is it not?"
"Yes; although there are many
other manufactures into which nickel
enters, The beauty about nickel -
'steel is that it combines exceeding
toughness with great strength. Cop-
per wire has great toughness. A
needle or a penknife has great
strength. But it Is only nickel -steel
that has toughness and strength
combined. This makes it especially
valuable for armor plate.
ARMOR PLATE FOB WAR S1-1TPS.
A war vessel with a hull. covered
with steel or iron would be shattered
to pieces if one of our modern shell,:
should strike it. If the armor plate
is made of nickel -steel it does not
break. The great projectile makes
only a dimple in it, as yon
would in a pat of butter if you
stuck in your finger. This property
of toughness is added to the' steel by
Putting in 3*, per cent of nickel
while. it is making. All the ;wee
vessels of to -day were plated with
that composition. They have an ar-
mor -plate of nickel -steel about eigh-
teen inches thick. Such were the
plates on. the hulls of the battle
ships of both emintries in the Rus
sin -Japanese war, and the shot
which was employed in the several
engagements was ainsost altogether
niettel-stecle' • •
"Is the metal generally, used for
other purposes?"
"It is too costly for ninny uses,"
replied Mr, Browne, "but it is em-
ployed where toughness and strength
are a necessity. It is largely used on
the railroads, whose there are turves
at the bottom of steep grades. 11 a
heavily loaded freight train striae -a
such a curve there are only two
things which hold it on the track,
and those aro the flanges of the
wheels and tlic heads of the rails, lit
the winter time the rails are apt to I
become brittle, and when the train,
rushing down hill, strikes them they,
sometimes break, and there is 0 S
wreck, For this reason nickel -stool
is nsed at such curves, The Horse
Shoo Cutve of the Penesyntania Raile
road; for instanee, is made of that
kind of rails. The nietal is also now
employed in bridge building, The
new etenhattan bridge will be nlatIO
ot it. It is going into many of our
largo aratetinent hoeses or other
tall steel buildings. In this case it
is' 50 per cent stronger than ordinney
steel; the result is that lese metal
caa te used or with an equal weight
the Mit Whig Call have double the
strength, Niekel-steel does oot ex-
pand or conthaet like 'common steel,
and fer thia reason. it is made Into
clock pen'dulains, whieh 'rebid be of
the same Irmgth the year round in
order to luta° the right time. Indeed,
it Is 'minable tor marry things, and
111 w311 be widely used tia it grows
cheaper.,"
P011, COINS AND (MIER Pall -
POSES,
"Row abba Our Meisel Wine, Mr
Browne?" 3 asked. "Are they made 0+0+-0+04efa$0±0.+0+04-0
of the nieltel that /entree from here?'
"Partly eo," nee the reply. "All
the '11101tel they contain is from our
utinee. ' They ore sally one-quarter
nickel, however, the rematudef• being 0Little Johnny
pure, copper. Indeedo there le ouly •
ab1Alt one-fifth of 11, cent's worth .of
nickel In a 5-eent piece, Nickel Is
worth abed 40 cents a Paniul, While
copper is worth only .about 15 0011111,
So you see there is a nice little profit
ire money of such composition, .
"There are a TOW 001.1111riCri WhICh
1100 1)1110 /110,0 tQr their coinage,"
eentleued the metallurgist, "and
11111rfl; them are Belglein and Swita
zerland. •The smatter of the Belslan
'collie are of nickel with a hole
thr0 1,01 1.110 Water, In °Mee {tint
they nia,y not be talon for silver
eolns of a higher (tenfold/nation.
Nickel looks like silver, but it floes
net tarnith and does not get black.
The East Indian goyernment is now
considering the Liao of nickel for its
coinage, and a few blanks with holm;
in the center Ithe the Belgian come
have been made, T.110S0 Cail1S, how-
ever; have not been put into circula-
tion, Incense Rhos Edward,e heaa ls
to go on the colts and his majesty
naturally objects to haying a hole
punclasl through his face. For this
reason the new Indian coins will pro-
bably be sold.
"How about nieltel-piatingl Mr.
Browne'?"
"That was 0110 Ot the first uses of
nickel, The metal does not rust, and
a thin eoating Is often put over
othee metals on that aecount. This
is done by hanging the things to Le
plated in a solution of nichal, in
which a slab of pure nickel metal
is hung. A current . or electricity is
sent, through the solution in such a
Way that a small a111i01114 of the
nickel coats the other metal hanging
in the solution, making it rustless."
WHY SOME PEOPLE mkony.
Queer Reasons for Entering Into 'The
'State ot altdrimony.
The inajorlty Of people enter Into the
bonds of Matrimony .toe the simple
reason that, thea, entertain feelings of
affection for one another. HOWOVer,
this Is not always the reuson for giving
hp the state of single .blessedness. 'is
NVO,S. rendered evident al, an inquest held
recently at Newpoels
One of the tviiriesses, in the course af
the inquiry, stated in answer to a ques-
tion, "I got married so that I shoukl
have somebody., to look after me when
1 happen lo take too much peer." Surely
this was one of the meet curious reasons
for inarrYing.
Another extraordinary reason for tak-
ing the fateful plunge was that given
by a'Yorkshire collier. Like all colliers,
he had a dog of which he was vein/ fond.
He said that he could not, bear to think
of the poor animal having to slay by
itself while he waS al work, ao he mar-
ried an old woman, "so that she could
look after the dog, and keep it from feel-
ing lonely."
Far more romantic was the marriage
of an aged pensioner of the London City
Police. The old man had beers nursed
for months by a girl, who had done her
best to make him comfortable. Her
loving care hact gained his affection,
and ills only regret was that he could
not repay her for her kindness. He had
no money, and whtle thinking of this a
happy thought struck him. The other
day; es he was dying, he married the
'young girl. As the widow of a pension-
er she Is now entitled to a pension of
8125 a year for life.
In addition to curious reasons for get-
ting married, there are always curious
reasons for not getting married. Onc.
remarkable example Is that vouched for
by the police of Cineinnati.
It appears that theee are two lovers
In that city who have been engaged te
be married for the lest fifteen years, yet
as the time pasics away the marriage
does not seem more likely to take place.
The postponement of the ceremony is
not Inc to the bashfulness of the pros-,
peony° bridegroom, nor• yet to 1110 01)8051
timidity of his bride. No romantic vow
prevent IL, and nobody has expressed
any desire to forbid it. The explanation
of the apparently mysterious ‘cese is
very simple. The couple•haveericit been
able to get married because during the,
whole fifteen years both have never been,
out of prison at the same time.
Another extunple comes from Hun-
gary. A young man was paying court
to the belle of the town of Debreczin..
As he was handsome in face and a suit.'
able husband, the young beauty 61)'
proved .of him, with a fatal exception.- !
he was bowlegged. She declared she
would never marry, but the affair ended
satisfaCtorlik. The enamored swath.
%Vera 1,0, 1,110 local hospital, and begged
as a favor that the doctors W0111(1 break
his legs and re -set, them; so that they.
would straighteri. They did so, and after
a long period of suffering lite lover lett
the hospital, not only with straight
limbs, but also with an additional inch
in his height. The marriage then took
place.
4 -04.0+0+0 -e -34 -0t0+0 -40+o+0
"You have always been a feell" saiit
the young 01111T
'l'lieii 111 It hlll'11t3' 01) 1i18 11,
felt that he would Re to drag that im-
pulsive, troublesome tongue of his out,
by the roots;
It was the Rest time lie bad spokan
51 crossly to Ins pretty, troubled gni.
wife; bet hp was sadly irritated un I
annoyed.
"Yes, I suppose I have," said the wo-
man dully. "But you Ifniew, dear, Ilia I
when" -- her lips treMbled - "5111 '11
Johnny died 1 tleelared Mal were I 05
51 POOr I would never deny anyone
whe came lo me in want."
"M,v clearest," lie said huskily, every
vestige of temper gone, from his face
I 0,11 sorrY-refily and truly sorry
1)111%0 11
1 15p1.olfe harshnly to you. leiss a 1
8
"Of come," she said quietly. "But
you Iceow, Horace, it was so cold and
miserable outside; and he looked se
wretched end so old, I hedn't the he'l'l
to turn hen away. And really I didn't
wan' whet I geve him." ,
"Bite my generous lithe woman, yem
know the dem. sald you must ha el
good, nourlshieg things, and as mat-
ters standwif,h us 1-1 really, am not
able lo buy them twice over.'
"You must not think of doing so
she said quietly. "1 would really mueh
wither go without I suppose the des -
ler is right. bill when I think of the
wily our little :Johnny must have stiff
ed. 1 feel that his mother ought to suf-
fer too-•---" $be slopped in a flood of
leers.
"Don't be morbid, precious," he Mile-
p1076wd..” "Johnny wouldn't like that yin
And he kissed away her tears, and
comforting her fnrgot Inc the time
that, so far as he was concerned, the
ceiroik was, very black indeed. F,W
th
trete e fates were terribly unkind to
Bennie Welliershy just then. Johnny
itbilod4110selbl entoileragerly in himself. A foo'
the sunny little Ind lind
wandered away faun a careless mime -
girt. and for a week his distracted pipe
eels could fled no trace of him. Whal
he was discovered. he was a pitiful lit-
tle emacialel wrecic. and it was pia n
from h's childish bahbling that he hal
begged for food during his absen3e,
that it had been denied him, and that
the &mitten liend who bed thought to
make 115e of lam for begging purposes
had thrashed him for that he had ask.
ee,
' From 1110 lime he was found there
was no hone kw the rescued little one,
although the feel was carefully kept
from his mother. Naturally delicate an I
always pelted and indulged on that ar-
canna the weeks' torture he had eerier-
tinneed had had the most serious effeets
on his constitution, and although he
lingered on a bed of redo for ennui
ime, kind heaven al last released hen.
, Sunny -haired Johnny died - foully
mui•deeed by a villain who, leo lazy
to work, wished to excite peblic gym-
palhy and extort alms by dragging
(thee!, a starving, beeron chile.
I That awful time merked a trensfnr-
Malian in the erstwhile cheery Florae°
,Wethersby. He grew morose, earetess
innd insolent, with the result .thal, his
employers -.a limited company, wIll
!made nn allowances for broken hearts
. and agonized parents -had dispensed
with his services. And so it came
about that they were reduced to their
last few shillings.
His last hope -an appeal to an ec-
centric, taut well-off uncle -had nee
with fsigid Menem and so, perhaps, it,
was natural thel he should lie irrItatsel •
by the discovery that his wife hail giie
en away the nourishing food of which
the doctor had said she stood in neat,
(1 11 bectgar at the door.
But these two loved each other, eci
tar as husband and wife were concere-
di, the shadow soon Passed tlwav,
ahd, in spite of the dreary present,
they were soon talking hopefully of the
nature. 11 wee as tholigh the Mile one
it, heaven hed smiled down on them.
And he may have smiled upon Ike
eccentric and well -eft uncle, trio, fer
next morning e letter came for rfarace
from which a £5 note fluttered to nil
ground as ho opened it. And the let.
ter which accompanied it read as fol-
- "Dear Nephow,-tfell Miss Wethersby
flint beektea wee excellent, enclelhat a.1
kind heart is far above rubies, f shall
visll you to -morrow, with particulars
or nn appointment, which. 1 think, win
51111 yambut nal, In the clothes I wore
to -nigh te,
"And 1 bullied the 11111e woman!"
neutered 140,rar.e.ecrusbilig Ilmn letter n
his hand. "What a cad I west"
'rho peceliar manner in which his
unele hed chosen to make his welcome,
contribution le his sadly depleted nines
did not surprise Mimeo. Tilt old fal-
low wag a well-known eecentric, and
il was not the firS1. 0000aial on wince
he hnd been known to play the pale sif
more or less amiable modern Hamm
al Raschld.
"Emmeline," lie sheeted 10 his wife
upstairs, "you entertnined all angel Un-
aware last, night!. Teat beef -Lea an 1
stuff you gave away last night is like-
ly to prove the best Investment yotl
ever made In your Wei"
And leaving ber to puzzle out what
on earth he toultt 1116011, he forthwith
ensiled Mit, and startled the shopkeee.
firs of the poverty-strIcken neighber-
hoed by insisting on being supplied
immediately elth vast qurniiiiies of
new -laid eggs, port wine, chickens end
heef extrect, and on • being informed
how it was (het furlong ti conlinttnity
ol resnectrible and preeumehly
tial tradesmen not one of them hal
ohenge for it five -pound note.
"Don't line '8011 sent a grievous
gmen.geocer. "Been bit. Lest, one I
took was a weeng 'uni"
"And do you mean to insinuate; my
charming Friend, that this is a bad
note?" • •
"Don't insinliate nethin1:1" Snuffed the
mate iltit I don't lake it neither."
The grren-groter'e words caused a
sinking fetileg at hie heed.
But his fears 0001'0 grolirallese, After
meeli edwehing, he discovered a benle
1,1/1101"0 n eVere and influenziestrIelfen
youth cashed lt, wItheut coMmenk
When he arrived home laden with
bleyneellases, 11 Was to find hie Uncle,
4
FLANS FOR TUE NAVY.
Manoeuvres in 1906 to Presume on Co-
OperatiOn of lap Fleet.
The 13raisli naval manceuvres for
000 will be based on a principle quite
new In naval annals, end will be on a
idler scale than the postponect pro -
pewit's of this year. The Japanese
led will theoretically form part of the
cheme, which will test the strategic encl
tidied value , of the new distribution
f warships. 11 will be supposed that
trained relations exist 1111(1 1.110 prIt1511
15)1(1 Japarieee eavies Will he on the
Wain all over the world. 'rho sea Iron,
tees of all ourpossessions conseghent-
1
y will come inte the scheme. As soon
05 wile has broken out the reserve. di-
visions Will be mobilieed, and the con-
diteons that might occur with a naval
conthipation operating againet Great
Beilein will then be rehearsed simul-
taneously by the vargiva divisions, the
opetatIons being part of one goat wee
plan. A nekeleton" ariny of 4:tru1s31I's
with admietishi 00Tallanti will be
kept on the deet tot' weeks against
tills teem). Tad, ability, and intuitive
judgment will be demanded of the Vale,
oas commerideraneehiet, end 1/10
;Scheme will bo tbo mos( searching test
of elneteney devised.
Some 'Mks rely neon 51O1)5 1,111011 1,111011 telly fleekle alter inatere
delibeeel tom percentage of 10I5-
1aloe 11 mind. •
beaming ancl benign, 01,11111114; Win.
When the old gentleman made up his
naul to well doing, he 111 not let. 1110
gross grow, under lee reel.
"Tha great danger of We age." lie
woe saying to Emmeline, "Is that the
In itt 01 hinium kindness seems ae if 11
had almost dried up. 13e suspleious of
your follow.man Is whet all our moral
end spiritual advisere tell us, apparent-
ly forgetting 11151 Were is no sureewny
of malting a man a criminal than to
suspect 111111. Everyone condemns pro-
ads/emus alinsgIvIDg. The Tommy
num 01. women svl 1 usks you for any-
thing is an linposolor end a fraud. rlie
onLY persona MO 10+15 glee to are sleek
par:anis and lasekenated 111)1101(1) ba.
lives of organized Mullet/. I 1110 Of
the opinion lied. there IS as ne1011 hurn-
hug Etb0111 n la lire gents us there wit
atem1 me ins) night; and so, my deer"
-Ile patted Emmeline 011 1110 shoulder
-"holding the views I do, 1 was te-
thered to find that 1 bad 1Faroe-in-law
who did not turn the seemingly starv-
ing and ivrelcheil man flow the door,
but gave el het* best."
And after a little tirade he kiesed
Emmeline, and tamed to talk 111,18111030
1)1) Home.
The i•csulle of that Interview are still
extant. In 111111 Horace is prosperous
and his wfie happy.
Horace puts down the cause of these
pleasing fads io the milord kindness
of his wife's heart, but Emmeline's oyes
girw dim when the subject conies up.
erhe reason WO 1501.0 helped in the
rf 01.11' dire need," she says simply,
'WaS beeause 11111e Johnny smiled in
heaven. No one could ever resist his
You see, she was his mother. -Lon.
don Answers.
RIFLE rACTORY FOE CHINA.
Engine,er of the Chinese Government
Now in England Arranging Plans.
As indicative of the awakening e!
China and the interest which Le taken
in matters of world policy by the
Chinese, once so retiring, it Is interest -
km to note that a nephew of the Einem.
-
or of China and the Chief Engineer 11
the Chinas e Government are now •Iri
England making arrangements for the
construction of a great military title fac-
tory in China. They spent some time
In the district of Birmingham inspecting
not only the factories where smell arms
are made, but also the works which pro-
duce machinery for their manufacture.
They visited the Birmingham Smell
Arms factory, and were conducted
through Um militery section. An inter-
preter explained the mechanism to them,
and they inspected it with great care,
making minute inquiries as to the nature
and capacity of the various contrivances.
11 is understood that the Chinese factory
will be tergely furnished wile Birming-
ham machinery.; that Birmingham ex-
perts will stipmentend its equipment, and
that large numbers of Birmingham
mechanics win he engaged lo instruct
Chinese workmen In their !redo. En-
tirely apart from the magnitude of the
operations the visit of this particular
mission is important. as foreshadowing
large orders by the Chinese Government
both in the military and eayal depart-
ments of her services. China, 11 )8 said,
is ambitious to bring her army and nay
un to the level of the Japanese forefeet,
11 15 believed that her determination to
manufacture her own arms is attribute.]
do unfortunate experiences (luring the
China -Japanese war. She seceetly
botight large quantities of weapons In
England. They turned out' to be obso-
lete relics of the Franco-Prussian war,
and the Chinese say that they were in
so slier:king a condition lhal 11 was im-
possible to pour water through some of
the barrels.
4
EGGS INTOXICATING.
Strange Theory Afolevinonred by a French
n
One by one the most cherished arti-
dos of diet appear to be going under
the attacks of the medical profession.
Ithrelefore the theory has been that
no matter how dirty the inn or The
honeding house one could always take
refuge in boiled eggs. But DOW the
tendon Lancet says that a French med-
ical man has discovered a hidden dan-
ger lurking in the yolk. 'rile yolk of
the 05115 of hens ducks and tort 'e
lie deolares, contains a substance which
when Injected Into the veins, under the
skin, or into the generel body crivily,
eventuelly causes death from acute in-
toxication of the central nervous sys-
tem. liens' egg yolk is less toxic than
that of the chick, it is explained, but
thals-of the tortoise is more dangerous
than either. It is admitted, however,
that the percentage of poisons is not
enoiigh to kill and that the general
aublic is in little danger from this fortn
of poleoning.
SOME SECIIET BURIALS.
Maria, King of the 'Visigoths and
their victoelous leader, was burled
nbout 1,500 years ago by his soldiers in
the bed of the Diver Resents), in South-
ern Italy. They fleet turned the waters
into another channel, and, settee bury.
ing their chief and his treasures, let.
there flow baelf agnin. His grave was
dug by prisoners, who Ware all after-
wards put to death, so that the Ro-
mans might never find hls•grave. Attila,
king 01 11111 liens, was buried A. D. 453
011 a wide plain in three coMns-one of
gold, one of silver, 0111 the third or
iron. In his case, tee, all tire prison-
ers who were compelled to,dig his grave
were immediately killed. Another sec-
ret burial, in lathe history, was that -if
Fernando de Soto, the discoverer 01 11111
whose cotfin was sunk at
midnight in the 11111110 0±11113 . broad
lirearn, to conceal hie death tem the
natives, 11.110 had beereteld that he us
an immortal c_._...7.4111.18 of 11131 sun.
ME HEAT OF TUB SUN.
"The sun's heat," eaki LIM asteonomer.
"Well; let us .say flint the value of the
eeres heatis 895,000,000. NOW What pro.
portion . of that value do you suppose
warms 1110 earth? Only two emits'
worth. All the rest, of the sures heet Is
wasted In Settee, 01 the $?5,000,000 the
earth Only geta two centee With 0001
can give you :mother idea of the sun's
heat. Suppose that the earth waS ie
contract to heal, the sun. Do yon know
611111( 1110 result would be? All the coal
npon the earth would suilke lo 10(111)'
111.111 the preseni solar heat for jest elle-
tenth of a second,"
FROM ERIN'S GREEN ISLE
NEWS BY IV= NEON
IRELAND'S SMOItES,
PraP,Pening's ist the rmerald 3515
17! Interest to Irish-
Canadi ans.
The death took place suddenly at
his residence, County Donegal, of ilia
Dt an of L'O., 11110, N vv. Rol, J osePh
Potter. Hewas known throughout
the north -meat of Ireland 110 1111 ener-
getic chimeamen and a popular
peva ellen
The death occurred, af Ler a short
.11Inese, at his resideice, liossias
streot, Clones, of air, Francis Iloh.
sole at the age of 5, •Deceasee
P115 a most respected re-4(Iv11L ei
Clonee, and enjoyed the esteem of ell
who hnew hint.
The iloyal Humane Society has
awarded
its testlasoniel to Jonii
Scott, 'Victoria road, Ban.or, Coun-
ty Down, for ble gallant plunge from
the pier there into sixtaap feet of
miter, in August, when be ieseued 11
girI 11110 1141 eceldentelly fallen in,
Recently two ,young men named
Callerky and Tig,he lost th ir 11%es in
Broadhaven Bay. A. number of
"curraghs" were engaged in hand -
line asaing, and one of these in
00111011 Mere five occupants, ineluding
Cafferity and Tighe, got too close to
a breaker and 111118 swamped.
At a meeting of the Senate of the
Royal University it was decided to
confer degrees -a bechelorsiiip atral a
doctorate -in veterniary meOicine
'rho /loyal University of Ireland is
the first in the United gdorn to
give official recognition to the mem-
bers of the seterinary pro:a:filen.
Mr. John O'Donrell, Maas having
refused to find ball for his future
geed behavior within the time seeel-
iled, was arrested in his print!. g of-
fies in Galway rend committed to
jail to undergo three months im-
prisonment, •the sentence Imp( sed up-
on him for haling recently deli orad
a speech calculated to intimidate or
deter men from doing what they had
legal right to do with grass lands
in the west of Inland.
The fourth annuat meeting ot the
Flour Millers' Asseciatian of Ireland
was beld in Dubin recently, when
the president, Mr. Perry Goo'borty,
speaking of eon' milling in II elan
at L110 present time, Bald te industry
was in a good condition, and pros-
eets f r the future were briAlt
Already the Arne hams had been:
beaten out of the market, but Mail
confronted with unfair coninetition.
from across the Channel.
It :ippon% from the report just is-
sued by the fishery branch of the
Department of 1.5011)011,1; 'o and Tei:11-1
Meal Instruction, on the sea and inej
land asheries of Ireland, that tile
quantity of sea fish landed on the
Irish coast in 1904 was greater than
that in any previous year. Prices,,
however, 0001.0 not so good as in
1908, so that the general reslit of
the year's working -2393,630 -was
about 4334.000 I,ss than in 1903.
At Wexford, before Mr. 11. A, En-
nis, J.P., a young man named Law-
rence Leary, a native of Enniscorthy,
WEIS brOUght up at the Petty Ses-
sions office charged with hal ing aid-
ed and abetted a woman named But-
ler in the alleged murder of her in-
fant at Plohamon Bridge, The wo-
man is at present in prison on a
charge of larceny, and her son, a lad
of ten years, said he saw his mother
throw the child into tho Malley at
Clohamon Bridge, Leary 11155 1111-
2a1 knes sd tte.
l aat ions by
the Dublin Castle,
result of prolonged private
authorities into certain charges pre-,
ferred agaiust the Belfast Criminal;
Investigation Department, the deel-•
sion of the Inspector -General has been
announced. A. dist act insuector, 111110.
111' the Royal Irish Constabulary,
ranks with a commissioned army
officer and a head constable, who
ranks with an English police super-
intendent, have been unfavoraely
commented on; one detective has been
ordered to resume ordinary police
duties, and another has been trans;
ferred to a, rural district.
11-1,,k4ntriri-.11-44,1+4114"ki,
Fashion
Hints.
111-0
41::::1-11-14:11-tr+414444-$4401'
A Paris coreespondent Writes as '
The noVelly 111'. 1,1118 .reflr'a .1W011i13g
costume lies • in UM varied ta (et -Indies
1100 501110 Illtu,4arai."Telibetullitrigetaili116,e(;01
fact, never Wives afier severel effects
oinn e‘t';,•1 11111 h eSvhtel oceosna (.1'11101s II? 0\1\11 pth
felour, aceording to ber complexion,
Ilbr style • ef •dress or11& and
if SIIO cenmanage it, according et the
platte in which it la to appear. To -day
fashion miilains thee with the simPla
and classkial cut of 01.11' 5OW1113 05017
attention must be peed to the manner
of vvearing one's heir. And It is in. leo
coiffure thet the siert women now
stotts, the only ,eelief for her evening
Mlle. Avril, al the Vaudeville, haa
tunnelled a charining novelly In this
:HP0011011: 01101 of putting In the tresses
tropicai flowers in the stunningest
shades of roil. This petite lady is a
fascinating brunette; hence the selec-
tion. To be explicit, her coiffure con-
sists of pinkish red blossoms tl•lat ee-
semble ceineline. They are placed
one on each side of the forehead mid,
are connected in front Will a loose
twist of white tulle. Against her Made
hair, and worn with a black crepe fie
et Illienef or 12 1 osyllegliyl.Lly spangled with let,
AS TO THE HAIR
BtlenesIenes has inspired women
with aesthetic tastes to dopy the simple
coiffures he delights in arranging for
Ilia charming feminine. figures in his
CallV11806. Attractivo. for a fair girl w'th
very blond hair parted down the middle,
a la Jones, and slightly waved on 01011
side, is a. narrow band of gold intro-
isiced among her tresses, with a couple
of white lilies Just over the ears. -Befel-
1 blonde fa von shaded mauve and pinn
, roses tinged almost to purple and again
; to palest mauve. These Rowan; nestle
in the hair concealed by the tiniest
curls. There is undoubtedly a knack
in fixing them in position. but n Freneh
woman never has to be taught this.
Mine. Rennie, who is recognized OA the
queen of fashion, remains faithful to her
simple black algret. 1 -ler hair Is waved
comp:telly. but not to much so, and it
1arysaretiehniodnegenized Louis cachet that Le
5).e
THE MUFFS.
1 always find 11 difficult at this., time
of the year not to talk of furs. It is not
my metier to he depressing, so I will
omit statistics and confine myself to -day
lo n of the rnany brandies at thie
subject -muffs. Nothing in the way of
furs is•Inore attractive or a more becom-
ing addition to feminine attire than this
useful article. I really feel that the mutt
of to-clity ought, to be made the SW; and
shape of a drain pipe for the benefit et
those who are determined to wear short
sleeves In the street. I feel it in my
bones prophetically and not rheumatic-
ally that the winter is to be a severe one.
My theory is that the muff of to -day
is adorable. It is also large and has
steadily been growing in size foe the
last few years, but 1,110 larger it gets the
better 1 like it. It cannot be too large .
for me. When one is tall one Call
"carry off" a muff nf generous proper-
Ilons. This brigand method of procsee
dure cannot be practiced by _lee11'0y,
small woman, but there is eifit a doubt
that a good large muff looks expensive
and smart, and both of these things the
right-minded woman. be site tall nr
short, aims at looking. There is a great '
point about the large, flat muff that
does not Do.ur to everybody. Thc large
round muff inust have.both sides ?like
necessarile-, hut the flat one. if at all ef
the draped or picturesque order, min
present, to the world n face of sable
chinchilla or ermine, whiie its back may
be made of harmonizing velvet Or cloth.
I am having my own sables rearranged.
and flve niee skins, that would only
make a moderately large muff if used
on both sides, are to be mounted on n
muff designed from the one I have just
suggested. 11 18 to be flat, rather wIdee
at tlie base than at the top, showing
each skin as it it had. been .carelessly
laid upon it. And, by the way, this
arrangement is a new fad el the furrier's.
THE CelEAPER FURS.
Leaving the giddy heights of expensi
•••',/,>:
furs, there are plenty of varieties thei
wear well and ioolf wedl and are, after
all, only comparetively cheap -such es
-Persian lamb, broadtail, grey astrakhan ,
Um better sort of equirrel, silver fox and
bear. A. nico thing to remember when pur-
chasing inexpensive furs is that in
bulk, as IL were, they have a certain die -
Unction. It is only in the small mulls
and scrappy little ties with horrible
cheap -cord ornaments and Ws that
never wagged that they are hopelessly
common in appearance.
AS TO SLEEVES.
Speaking of sleeves, to protect women
trom the results of the folly of appear- •
ing in the streets in elbow and short, .
sleeved wraps there has been introduced
the velvet undermanche 10 etip on els a
sort of cuff like the lingerie affairs nii
bodiees. Anti that reminds me of the
soft white salin elite( waists that are
worn for informal occasions, sueli as
11)110110008 and the. like. They- ave
stitched with colored silk or run with
nareow cothred velvet, while some have
rows of pompodintr Pinball inserted 11'-
(1,51610 nicks of Ibe. eatin all over the
blouse, giving a charming Dresden
effect. The neck finish Is usually a boa
el rich -colored Velvet matching the •
lC 1.11015exis.ted any doubt of the p01).
1511031113' of enmire styles it was diseipateel
1131 115 glance 01 the leaders of feshion et
the hist mice meet, at Chantilly a week
ago. Yet not all bow down Mere this , •
vogue, • charmnig tis it is. ' Meny
couturieres reeognize that 11 Is more
stannic tor evening than tor day wear,
11111 others give their alleginece to Um
'Princess robe. Given a good ligere and
ti perfect cut, there is no coi»pinesote
between the. two, everything being ni.
favor of the princess. Meny moilistee
compromise ori prinecse jape With ei
tight -Wing long skirt curried up eorslet
fashion above the Wet Ilne„ Over thie
is worn a dent empiee bolero, whinh
Mettee an ideal walking that pro.
serves Um long Ilea withoth the die-
Cuising tot& el Um einpire robe.
HE GOT EVEN.
Re Was a Gentleman, Ilowever, need
Will Not Tell.
"Couetesy• always peys; discourteey
never does," said a fainous French-
woman. "Lennie tell you a story of 11/1
acVM1 0 liwaPonilleelinilloge-eupied a compartment
in a railway carriage with one man, a
stranger. They were extremely rude to
this man. In whiepers that he could
overhear they criticieed his costume, his
flgin•ci and les manner, He, lo be re-
venged, dtd a singular thing.
"The blackness of a tunnel enveloped
the ear, and under cover 01 1110 darkness
the num hissed the back of his hand
loudly end repeatedly. Then when the
train ordered the light agaln he looked
from one woman to the otter with a
$44'111"111licieya•netec511111012g.ed Mimeos Of suspicion.
"'Was it you he kissed?'
"'No, of mime not. W'es it you?"
"And nelthee ludy \voted believe the
other's denial, and each in her inmost
heart believed Me other hed eneouraged
the kiss. The man Ionized cool end 001(1.
1)1000111. When finally he rose to go be
Isohcaulllarneavierl
i
said, inlg) briesp rh, del•e1181.1
11. ten which of you it woe.'"
WOMAN PREDICTS DISATEll.
, —
SAS'S 1906 Will be Full et Woe for Ger-
men Empire.
.Mme. de 'rliehee, the French Mother
.Shipton, has isseed her 00111151 forecast
of the world's events of next par,
Madame's picture of the tenure Is
peened 111 sombre tones. Nineteen hurt -
deed and sl): will be a bad year, atm
saye. Europe will he disorganized, A.
crisis vill 0001117 in Germany, and there
will be several deaths in the German
rock' family.
Austria is to have "an, Outbrean with
an unlooked for sequel." South America
it 10 have "11.0111316," end ,this year of
gloom will end With the failure of ,sev-
0051 savings bank§ in various countries,
including Great, llohtabm. .
Mme. de Thebes else predicts tin epf.
demi° in the United Statas, anti the loss
in France of several greet artiste. Some
of iliac, elle 1111115 &nifty, meet beWare
al tba sea.
r‘