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Home My WebLink AboutThe Wingham Advance, 1915-07-29, Page 3-eyeediefeeeedd c III - deeefeexeeeeee !eedeeies• .cseeeeeeeefeseacenee en:eget; 60 years ago Grandfather got an individual sugar package -- "Ye Olde Sugar Loafe"made byJohn Redpatb, in what was then Canada's onlif Sugar Refinery. Ch7e, Carion0 ?now Now, at less than half the price, his granddaughter gets a much improved article, also "individual" Extra Granulated Sugar in Sealed Cartons and Cloth Bags 2-1b. and 5-1b. 10, 20, 50 and 100 lb. "Canada's Favorite Sugar for three Generations" CANADA SUGAR REFINING CO., LIMITED, MONTREAL, rele• •••••••• 4 • elk******104441 11 THE POULTRY WORLD •••• O•• HOME PRESERVING OF leGGS, (By W. A. 1rowi 33, S. A.) Egeti ere a perishable feed Product, Caul while their production is dietri- eutea througeout the year wit1i much greeter uniformity then many Other teed Peedeets, yet it lo a tact that liew-leid eggs ere usuelly searee and itigh 1,12. riee imtween tne months of Umber and loebruary; and plentiful Eine comparatively low in price, in the spring and early summer months. The .coot of preserving eggs by arti- ficial refrigeration is coasideteele, and while it le not belleteel that any liquid preservatives will give better results than those obtained in 'well- built and carefully managed old stor- egos, yet it is conceded that there are times when those consulters, who will go to the trouble and take the neces- sary precautions, will find it to their advantage to preserve a reasonable quantity for home use. As the result of much technical investigation and years of practical test it has been found that the best results can be obtained from the use of water -glass and limewater. While the limewater method Is undoubtedly less expensive and Just as efficacious, yet popular opinion seems to be eon- otantly growing in favor of waters glass. Water glees is a solution of silicate of soda, and may be obtained from practically all durggists. A. 10 per cen t. solution is generally used, that 128 is one part of water -glass is mixed with nine parts of water. The water should first be boiled in order to destroy all vegetable and ani- mal substance contained therein. The Iwo substances are then thoroughly mixed, and the solution allowed to stand until it becomes quite eold be- fore using. Previous to the advent of artificial refrigeration, lime -water was used commercially to a large extent. Some large dealers still use it to supplement cold storage, and many people use it its a home preservative. Although au- thorities differ somewhat as to the relative amounts of lime and water to be used, the proportions of two pounds of lime to five gallons of water are generally reeomraended. It ts import- ant, however, that the water take into solution as much lime as it is capable of holding. A quantity of fine salt In proportions of about one pint to the above is also frequently added. The mixture should be kept well stirred for a few hours, and then allowed to settle. The supernatant liquid inthen drawn off, and poured over the eggs. In erder that the solution may be kept saturated and ot uniform strength throughout it is customary to add a little lime from time to time, or better, to keep a cloth covered with lime just touching the surface. Any receptacle that is impervious to, and does not corrode in, water is suit- able for holding the eggs. Glazed earthenware orocks, galvanized tubs or buckets, or -wooden tubs or kegs are most frequently. used. In the case of wooden receptacles it is desirable to let them stand filled with water for several days, and then to scald them and cleanse them thoroughly before using. For home consumption t the middle of each plate will enable iis the flies to alight and feed. All (lead best to have a number of small con- e tatters holding not more than five flies should be swept up and burnt. Th or six dozen each. overs should be burning of pyrethrum in a room, pre - C ,laced Over all containers, and these, when filled, should be stored in a cool, dry place in the cellar, reeommend them as farm animists of Best results are obtained from eggs over the soil surface, and the wool which are put down in April and May. is very rich and evenly distributed At this time eggs are not only abund- profit. Tney are erolifie, the raanure ant and cheaper in price than later, •and flesh will always Command a but they are also fuller, stronger bodied good price in the market, not to men- and of all-round better quality than teen other favorable qualities. those available during the hot weather. One pound of hay and one pound of An important and safe precaution is graih for every hundred poutals of to candle all eggs. This 1 not a dif- the home's weight under normal ficult or cemplicated processes, for for- ditions is a, good teed. For -extra tunately an egg is seml-transparent heavy work or long hours increase when held before a light in a darkeited the grain portion. Toe much hay, room and perMits, if carefully rotated, especially clover, will overload the stomach and crowd lung action; hence the old wins, "Clover hay brings on the heaves." It is a geed idea to teack the foal and it is astonishing how little tuition egg basket in early winter. The to eat out of the same box as her dam, tde evep with very young colts is nem- ettly hatched chick has its piece, but eery when the food is placed within not ae a winter egg producer or win - easy reach. ner at the • early shows. Strange what a cry goes up when A veterinarian gives this advice to pane or eges, two important items in the shoeing of youtig horses; Don't the food line, go up in price. It is shoes mere than a month. Have them to obtain everything In the food line but Mauro). that the consuraer wishes allow youhg horses to wear a set of removed, the hoofs levelled aad the es cheap as possible, but what of the neaavevesaasteneetteeeeseesesevasseeneweeeseastedestaseeettexteasteenseeseasecia MUSKMELON CULTURE. The Farmer's Cyclopedia of Agricul- ture says, contrary to tne usual belief, the muskmelon does not cross with cucumber, squashes, etc., and the qual- ity of fruit is not injured when they are planted with or near those crops. The term cantaloupe is frequently but Incorrectly applled to tiie whole group of muskmelons, It is properly applied to only tine group, which is character- ize'3 by a hard, scaly and often deep- ly furrowed rind. having a warty ap- pearance like a Hubbard, squash, Trip cantaloupe is little grown in this coun- try, but it is prized in Europe. The continual thought, care and la- bor bestowed upon the growing of a crop will not avail us much unless the seine thorough methods are maintain- ed` throughout the harvesting and neteketing of it. Regarding no one crop is this were true than it is with 3nuskme1ons. Firtt, Lecateis the melt - melon must remain on tiu3 vine until it is fully developed er else we sacri fice that characteristic lusciousness ac essential in maintainiag the de mand, and, secondly, because, as soon as picked all haste possible must be made in placing it before the comra. er or it will soon be over -ripe. Joseph Barton says in muskmelon picking an experleaced eye is almost an essentia.i and consequently good hands must be used. For ;shipping pureese,s, either local or long distance, the melon should be picticed as soon sie the stem can be peelei out by usieg a moderate amount of force. By peeling out, it' does not mean broken out, but a nat- ural peeling out, which leaves a juicy excretion around the Me wier:e the stem come front. Not until tha stein will do this has a muskmelon obtained its full amount of flavor; in other words, is not at its beet. As soon ate picked they should be hurried Mee a refrigerator ova or, if shipping in a local way and net using ice, ;sent to their destination EL soon as possible A field should ee picked at least once every day, and in het weather twice during the 24 hours. This frequent picking not only a ever -ripe fruit, but, what is a more bnportant consideration, it secures a better comlitien uf the melons ship- ped, a more uniform article. An ;sm- ote that the dealer can depend upop as being the game from day to day, ard ins.ures him against loss in hand- ling. In paceing, of course evert locality has its individual form of package. and that is immaterial, but the Im- portant point is in the care ef sorting, tc discard every melon that is imper foot 111 any way cr out of condition at all. 'rids will of necesety make considerable waste. Of course, if the market will warrant it, snide of this inferior fruit can be shipped as sec- onds, but maintain the standard of the prime package at any cost, and gale that hold cn the trade that secure the tap price. This invariably pays in the lone; run. The above methods ate ply in a greater or less degree to all truck crops The importance of that (nigh, frequent picking is often under estimated. • FARM NEWS AND VIEWS. It has been asserted by some dales - men that the feeding of crushed oats to tows will improve the flavor of the milk. TG ascertain the correctness of this theory a series et exponments was made by the Bureau of Animal Industry of the 'United States Depart- ment of •Agriculture, at the experi- mental dairy farm at Beltsville, Md. Six cows were uaed itt experiment; three were fed a grain ration of corn - Meal, bran and rotterteeed meal; the other thre were fed it grain mixture a five parts crushed cats and one part cottonseed meal. A number of samples of 'Milk from the tows fed these rations, were submitted to var- ous persona' in tlx dairy division. and they were askedno indicate the' 1.14s.**M1 ........•••••••••141.10.11.••}1110.4. DRS:SOPER WHITE SPECIALISTS Pe.•,texerna, Asthrtut. eaterrh. temples, Dyspepalit, Epilepsy, Rheumatism, Edda, Kid. nay, Blood' Nervei and Bladder Diseases, Call or send history for fres advice. ttedlcIrai furnished is tablet form, liours-le ami. to 1 mi. and it to e pea Serene -10 kmto lege deasettailea free •ORO. SOPER di wurre Toronto St. Iowa*, Oat. preference. In all fittir opinione were passed on various samples. 0! these, -6 showed a preference for.the milk from cows fed on crushed oats, 25 pre- ferred that from the bran and corn ration, while nine expressed no choice. The results show that in these ra- tions, not only was there no marked difference in favor ef the crushed oats as a feed to improve flavor, but, If anything, the ration containing bran and corn was more successful in producing a fine -flavored .nailk than was the oats. It sometimes happens that farmers are in possession of extra good cows, but not realizing the amount of feed required by cows giving a large yield, they are soon allowed to ;shrink in milk because the food given does not provide sufficient nutriment. While cows in good condition can, for a time, give more milk than the teed pro. vides, by drawing upon the tat stored In the body, yet if the grain is not gradually increased as the tows lose in body weight, there will soon foe. low an abnormal shrinkage in milk flow and also a decrease in the qual- ity of milk yielded. A remedy which is recommended by the Iowa Station as a preventative of worms and which is to be kept before the hop at all times, is made et three parts each of glaubens salts, salsoda, copperas, common salt, and one part of flowers of eulphur. This mixture must be kept covered from rain and can be made up in large quantities at bome, as it is easily prepared and is cheap in cost of materials, Lime stimulates the decay of or - gain() matter and hastens plant grow- th. It is an indirect fertilizer, a soil stimulant and an antidote for soil acidity. It is necessaey to the suc- cessful growth of clover, alfalfa, beaus, peas and other leguminous crops on acid soils. eheep have many good points to THE FLY DANGER Canadian Department of Agricul- ture's Circular On the Pest. House flies are now recognized as most serious Carriers Of the germs of certain dieeesee, such as typeold fever, tubereulosie, iufautile eierrhoea, etc. TIM* infect thenaselveo in filth ana decaying substances, and by carrying the germs on thetr legs and bodies and in their intestines they pollute food, especielly tank, 'with the germs of the above and other diseases and of decay, Beery fly carries germs, A ;Jingle fly neer carry as many as .500 million germs upon and inside its bodY. The best nutted is to prevent their breeding, House flies breed in decay - bag er degoraposing vegetatea ane animal matter and in excreMent, Tbey Need chiefly, ill Stable refuse. In cities this: should be stored in dark fly -proof chambers or recepta,cleo, and it should be regularly removed within six days in summer. Farm -yard manure sbould be regularly removed within the SUMO time and either spread on the fields or stored at a distance of not less than a quarter of a, rade, the further the better, from a house or dwelling. Manure piles may be treated with borax, using six-tenthe of a pound to every eight bushels or ten cubic feet of manure. Scatter the dry borax prin- cipally around the sides lute edges of the pile and wash in with water. House flies breed in such decaying and fermenting matter as kitchen refuse and garbage. Garbage recep- tacles should be kept tightly covered. All such refuse should be burnt or buried within a few days, bet at once if possible. No refuse should be left exposed. If it cannot be disposed of at once, it should be sprinkled with borax, as above, or with chloride of lime. Flies in Houses.—Window's and doors should be properly screened, especially those of the dining -room and kitchen. Milk andother food should be screened la the summer by covering it with muslin; fruit should be covered also. Where they are used, especially in public places, as hotels, etc., spittoons should bo kept clean, as there is very grave danger of tiles carrying the germs of consumption front unclean spittoons. Flies should not bo allowed to have access to the sick room, especially in the case of infectious diseases. The faces of babies should be care- fully screened with muslin. To Kill Flies in Houses.—Mix two tablespoonfuls (one ounce) of 40 per ceat. formalin (a solution wheel may be obtained from any drug store at about 40 cents per peund bottle), with one pint (sixteen ounces) of equal parts of milk and water. This mix- ture should be exposed le shallow Plates, and a piece of bread placed in of oven minor defects being seen. NOTES. The early hatehed fowls will be the Witmere at the fall fairs and also fill ferably at night, is sometimes effec- tive; the flies should be swept up and burnt, as many are only stupefied by Utis substance. House flies indicate the presence of filth in the noighborhood or insitni- tary conditions. LIGHTNING RODS CROOKED Eill( ON SALUPOLI HOW German Guile is hampering the Australianst But it 'Usually ilriugs Ztg Owtl• Penalty. Tile Lene.01% xoranig l'eSt On ,Inae published n, letter treat an Aute trail= !trooper in the leestem Medis Lena:mean, eliewiul. to What an extent the nllied troops In Gallipoli are 0021 - fronted by Gereuelt method ;tad eye, tem. This letter shows that giallY featurea et warfare are now beteg Practised ia the Medtterraneatt witiolt the Clermaris gave proatinenee to in the Weetere Theaere. 112. reverting to Lb e goes wed in Gallipoli, the writer of the leer ezettee: The eltaties of night naturally lend therneolvea to tee itunestut :miasma era it is under this proteetion that rens are usually essayed. A nuent knowl- edge or anglish and, strange to Say, it painsallting study of bush slang remit te Lie pact at the mental &Law rnent of the German. officer, No lit- tle contusion was calmed at first ow - big to these men, whose knowledge of our unite and their ceinmanders was astonishing, and no loebt the result oe secret service at Cairn peuetcactug oar lines and lissuming the role of colonial officers. It must be ander- stood that this did not signify, the guilelessness on our part, or mufti- oiou in our mike. \1 niust uot lose kight of the fact that owing to the des- perate nature of the conflict, the ;mat niortelity among our commanders Etna the rapid traneferehee of latermingled troops from one point to another, the various units were welded into one iighting whole: Nothing was easier than for a daring man to peso ordeal along the line, having previously clothed himself in the garments or one of our dead etficere, and learned his pante from the identity disc worn eround the corpse's neck. will enu- merate, for instanee, various orders Out I passed Wolfe.'perfectly eatisfied at the time of thelr good faith. "In- dian scouts returning on, our left; right flank fire rapid to protect them." immediately turbaned figurea appear- ed, and before we realized the positiou they got a Maxim into positon awl poured in a hot fire. They had . col- lected the uniforms of dead Sikhs. Once bit, twice shy, A elicit was at once postal here and there along the line. Soon the =se trick was at- tempted at another point. A German, in front this time, culled: "Deal fire; we are Indians." A Sikh el:Gated a few words. No reply. ereaps three of the thirty edd masqueradera get back, and without their rnachlue gun. Another order came along "French advancing on- our left awl English on our right; only fire in centre." From mouth te mouth we passed it along. In five minutes heavy counter -attacking parties got rigat up to our trenches, before the position was realized, and the biayonet had to be resorted to. Steps were taken its Loon poesiMe tc prevent these daring Germans fool- ing us again like this. No order was Permitted to be passed along, save in writing. This served as a safegpard against another danger as well. It be- came evident that keen -eared scouts woule creep up in the scrub and listen to orders being passed along, and gain ptuch that was of use to their side. If "Ammunition running short" was call- ed too loudly it wits more than an even ehance; if an attack was on the way towards our line then, the trench short would bear the brunt of it. Of COUrse when at the earliest possible moment the units were reorganized, Prof. Day, of 0. A. 0., Sends Out much ef the clanger montiomed abeve NN as eliminated. An authentiOtee Lk Warning, stary is told of a derman, who, one moonlight night, succeeded in worm- , ing his way through the scrub unob- Prof. Wm. H. Day, of the department wiled (that was before our engineers of physics, Ontario Agricultural Col- had put down the fire entanglements) lege, Guelph, has sent out another and sauntered along in front of our lines, exhorting our fellows to "Keep warning against inferior lightning your peace up," A voice queried rods. He says: from the trench, "What -4 from, =- One of the same companies that tey?" "Broken Hill," was the relay- buncoed' the farmers with Pon -centred "Who runs tho big two-up Joiet?" NG rods last year is reported to be selling anserer. Bang! Yes; the lads get the same rod again this year. Wateh shrewder every day, and tbey were out for them, not Simple Simons when they arrived. There is no difficulty in spotting . In the matter of mines, too, the these rods. The outside covering is it Prussian tried his hand, but With in - thin sheet of copper, inside of the different SuCOOSB. We had a good copper is a strip a galvanized steel or sprinkling of old soldiers among us, • • who "fought. shy" of tomeortably con - shoes reset if they are worth it. , ; e producer; the one who makes lite pies- ot giao1nvaneizneed-haltsteerite or7idci3raitiind wit;es structed exessings said newly turned It has been definitely proved that ale. Hetoemust live, but tam mouldy corn will produce blind stag- when prices are forced so low as to earth. We tidy() twee told that both ou No. b t as 1 o. 10. The 'coPeer sheath tho teach encampment and the larger gees! in horses, and if feeding of allow no profit. There is not mu'eh c s twisted round the strip aud mouldy corn doe i not result in bring- give and take when the consumer and one further back were mined in earl- ' th wires, giving the rod a corrugated I aus placea The disturbance of the Int on this disease It will tend to in- aiid pruttueei 51 produots labe appearance. Thon e steel or Iran , will Jure the physical condition of tho Gold storage rust oueromve or in f•fito ten years. Vtroops' rest at night Is another phase eh ea eciall poultr and of Germany's influenee on Turkish • HAVE YOUR JELLIES EVER REFUSED TO SET? Though only best fruit is used, and every precaution taken In cooking and Fleeing in jars, jellies sometimes unaccountably refuse to Set, Mane cooks don't know that the $1.1GAR rtuty be .the cause, as if It oontains organic matter, fermentation sets in and Jelly will not set. Be ori the safe side—Buy ST. LAWRENCE EXTRA GRANULATED SUGAR for years it has even absolute satisfaction. Over 99,99 per cent Pureand refined from cane sugar, exclusively, St. Lawrence Sugar protects against these failures y in Refinery sealed pactages to avoid mistakes and assure absolute . thanlinees anti correct weirht. 2 Ib, and 6 lb. cartons and 10, 20,25 and 100 lb. bags and your choice of fine, medium, or coarse grains, Sold by most good grocers. ST. LAWRENCE S UGAR R.EFINERIES.Liallted. MONTREAL. Coarse Grain Camphor will remove fresh peach staihs from linen. A. solution of ammonia, applied 3 or 4 times to a cold sore, will remove it, if done when first felt. To sharpen a knife, fold a piece of emery paper in the centre and draw the knife rapidly back and forth sev- eral times. A useful idea in pont) furniture is to have a shelf inside the porch rail, about one foot -wide and one foot from the porch. The men will find an ex- cellent foot reit; the women a shelf for workbaskets or books, and Just what the children want to sit on. If cold coffee is used in mixing stove blacking, the stove will keep bright much longer. Two drams of sal -ammoniac in an ounce of German cologne is said to cure freckles. The solution should be added to a pint of soft water before using. Apply three times daily, with a sponge. To a mother a child is everything, but te a child a parent is only a lipk in the chain of her existence.—Lerd Beaconsfield. Raw potato is an excellent thing to clean white oilcloth which has been soiled by hot cooking utensils, To clean a bottle or decanter, fill it with sea salt and shake it till ale stains are removed. If a strong brine of salt and water is thrown over the coals less soot 'will collect in the flues and chimneys. The fire, too, •will burn clear and bright. An easy way to skin it beat without bleeding.it and causing it tolose color is to put it in cold water as soon as it cooleRl. Then draw the hand gently down each one and the skin will droll off without trouble. To nourish a fern, put e. °owes of raw oysters under the ,dirt, close te the roate, mut the fern win grow like magic. Use lemon Juice and salt to remove Iron rust on white goods. animal. photograph of what happened to a rod The silo increases the live stock eggs, tInd not palmed off on the pub- ideas of war. .ell night long an ex - of this kind in less than eight years travagaxit expenditure et ammunition capacity of every farm, and it means Ito as fresh. There will always be see figure 34, bulletin 220, which may gees on, Serving no ether purpose better methods of feeding, which cold storage Poultry and egn and it is means greater profit to the alio owner. fit for any onbe had by Writing the Department et . e to eat it properly tIsan to keep these manning the inolc after the old neglected fruit kept, but it es itot frftli killed poultry Agriculture, Toronto. . trenehes alert. The general character trees. Remove all dead breaches and or eggs, end it is not Jest ea geed sad An Illinois Linn is circularizing the of the night attnees is remlniscaut of water -sprouts, and then cut the top should go to the ceestimer under the trade and others, advocating the , what ae read of the doings on other so as to let in plenty of air and sun- ' proper name. "Mast" lightning rod system. Thee fronts. The enemy advances frequent - shine, Scrape off the old dead bark Deg dee% will soon be here, and declare that twisted cables are pest- ly iii elese forination, Making all men - on the trunk and. apply a strong solta this Means that the poultry mutt have tively dangerous, claiming that they Der of eveird noises on their bugles . extra attention that the hot days end act like "choke -coils.' that tubes only and with their lungs. Our men, 'when Garden crops should be rotated just nights. Well -ventilated poultry ' should be used, that insulators, must they hear the shouting call ou 1 lye. as well as field crops, especially tab- build4ngs ate essentia1s. toward be used, etc. For concentrated essence "Tattle, mena" ("COme here in Egyp- bage and Irish potatoes. Soli ea which" healthy poultry. Plenty of fresh air of mot these eircelars surpass -any- ' Gan Arabic.) An incident which caus- -e• el makin the floek mere profit- tieware of the man with the iron- . tacit in mirthful spirit wag when centred rod and the man Wile claim "Come to the cook Mese was blown • that twisted cables are dangerous. This; . frantically by the approaching fee, ap- depatenteht Will be glad to be Inform- 'paretitty in mistake tor the "Retire,' ed regarding the operations of eithe.r ' Ottolnan bugles made nerve-racking : slarighter of our eel's, and all to no A Great Gift. :1)crooge. The old Prussian; Guard i "They My she is splendid in ama- : seheme of adyeneleg in twe or more "She's. a wender. She can make the . :guns' carried in the rear, Wae---nearly, ant east Mitte—euceseful. On the °c- lines in close.forrantin, With machine Itour theatrieals." ' Most painful tragedy a source of gen-. atld roomy quarters will do Much to- thing else I have seen. ed the Wrenched line to meet one at crops are grown one year fame another is pretty sure to become ine lege fested with diseases that cut down This is a safe and stme poultry both yield and quality. You might as well expect to grow year. No great boom on, but a good corn without cultivating as te steady improvement ishown in both grOW good fruit without spraying. A good barrel spraying outfit .con be had for about $15. Get one and use it if you Would have more Milt and better fruit—size, color and quality. There are two ways of testing seed corn. Oho way is to test a few Meerut from eaeh seed ear in damp sawdust soil, or cloth, before planting, The other way is to put the seed in the ground without any knowledge of Its germinating quality, lather way you find out whether or not the seed is good, but the field method of testing le often inighte Menai% Walla° if the seed isn't good the fact is discov- ered too late to profit by it. Offensively Officious. "You OW0.11 go home exceedingly early, old man," "Yee. Our neighbors are the tame of that." "How ter stack and eqUiptaetit. Not so meaty riutdcap sclieraes are in the public eye as in former years when the 89,41 net profit eer heti pear year commereiallY speakirtg, Was floated, misleading many beginners in the belief thitt tould earn $6.41 oit ea& and every hen. It ean't be done totnmerciaPy —and is more than should reallv be expetted. But then the poultry (ione- »ter finds Many ways to collet prefite, Why Soldiers heed Teeth. Thet recruit who on being rejected on account of Ms teeth said he aid not know he had to bite tho eneiny hast evidently uot realized the possIbilittei et an army biscuit. Tts ingredients aro Meal, salt and Water, kneaded by Ma- thinery into a, thick paste and eakee- bard; but, though it requiree ‘s,eme" teeth to tackle it, yet It has good Points. It iS highly neutrittoute Et pound ot breao is 'equal te but three-quarters of his. cult. It deem not wily turn bad or gat stale, and it Can be prinked into the knap. seek, roiXing on equal terirla With the ' lieterOgerleouri tonection or article* ti.xt It alWaye contains, aad it *images triune tine amusement." --Life, casien when tho Turks tried their hick with it the trottt line lay flat jest as 1 - '-<'..-4-.:•-:.--7 , ........•. . , one of our battalions Waa preparing to ••••*\,\ i leave the trenches to wield the bityn- ; net. As, it happened, but Men Were ) ...... , A..... i orderd back, and oar machine guns ;..- .. ,.idayed havoc with thitt petty before 1 , : et, FOOD, FINGERS, FLIES. Three of the Factors Most Active • in Spreading Disease. There are three, principal Ways in which disease gems are carried tram peraon to person, and these ways may be easily remembered by three catch words—food, fingers and Mee. The most impartaut foods which carry disease are those which are eaten raw, since thorough cooking •destroye disease germs.and most cook- ed foods are only dangerous when they have been infected itt tho kitchen atter cookieg. Ameng raw teethe too, many, like oranges, are sate be - Canes they are peeled before eating. Of all foods the most dangerous are water and milk, because they are of- ten .pelluted by sewage in the case of water, byelnunan contact in the case of milk), 'because they are drunk promptly without time for the dis- ease germs to die out and bemuse, tteually in the case of water and often in the case of milk, they are not cooked. The second way in which disease germs are commonly spread is by means of contact between peopie themselves. Fingers, in the catch phrase, which all who value their health, should try to bear in mind, stands not cely for the fingers theM- selves, but for all sorts of ways • in which disease germs natty be ex- changed. In measles and whooping cough. and :scarlet fever and diphtheria and tub- erculosis and many other diseases the germs are present in the nose and throat and. are spread froni person to person by the fingers, which go too often to the mouth and nose, by • drinking cups and spoons and other things which too often are used in common and by the fine spray thrown Out from the Mouth in roughing and sneezing, in typhoid fever e,nd diarr- hoea and situilar diseases the gerins are found in the intestinal discharges and here, too, soiled fingers play an important part in the transmission of the disease The third coinumn Way in Which disease gern1e are spread its by means of insectts. Pelee are perhaps the Most important insect germ carriers • • • "If / day Eloventettrit ti tenet° kat Pliantly as a blecuIt Situ not a Mae : my Wife."—Lottisville Coutier-3our-, Worked to death—The undettalter* IftlIg181.iii1Li.6111:& nal. gee_ . 1 omit. they come right over and condone With crUMbil.--Lendon Mall. ;ft eauld do any damage ; In the use, of dummy guns or rig- aires, the 'Turk or Cleentari does his lest, bat ratoly 4.4°411 yea nu navy e .• ner artillery. WitteJlit doubt the Ger- Man military atitocraey in Turkey has • ealeed the efficienty lof the -army the • allies have to fight. Ilene 10114 their bludgeoning career will endare, the future wlfl 'UAL Angry PrOfeeeer—Yea young taSeat. ' Were you resperisible for that r!•011 Coming hi contact with ray head/ 'the noy—No, I weren't, Talk to me ; brudder; he was the power behind the threlqhL*ChaPartill. in most states. They often pick up infected material on their legs and bodies and carry it to food. and where there is no good system of gOW- age disposal they may play a. rart in the spread of such -diseases as typhoid fever. A certain kind of mesquite carries malaria, and this, too, is im- Portant in certain districts. In tro- Weal countries a whole best of dis- eases is carried by insects.—New York American. COSTS OF A FUNERAL SOAR UP. The following is quoted trove an un- usual article by Lewis Edwin Theiss, entitled "The High Cost of Dying Problem" in Pictorial Review for Au- gust, 1915, Even burial costs have kept pace wttit other caste in these day» of soar- ing prices. From the beeke of an un- dertaker who lids been many years in business I have copied three funeral bills for the years 1858, 1881 and 1909 respectively, for eiglity-four dollars, one hundred and sixteen dollars and two hundred and eight dollars and fifty cents. In the fIrst period of twenty-eight years, the coat rose forty per cent., while the increase from one hundred and sixteen dollars to two hundred and eight dollars and fifty cents shsews a jump Into the se- cond twenty-eight year period of eighty per cent . In addition to a necessary increase in funeral prices which, by the way, Is consequent upon the greater cost.of supplies, the fashion of elaborateness —tor fashion governs' even our fun- erale—adds tremendously to the final cost. Very elaborate crapes at the door, mourning costumes, that- have previously been hired by dozens of other people who wanted to make a show of "respectability," and ether Items of a similar nature are rented by undertakers at de much apiece—If the deceased is friendless, the under- taker will gladly supply pall -bearers —at so much per pall -bearer. In fact the undertaker will supply his custo- mer with anything whatsoever needed to make a funeral "respectable." Demand cheeper funerals and you will get them. Throw off the, shackles of a foolish custom. Refuse to bur- den the living uselessly for the dead. Fashion alone—the fashion of osten- tation—leads to most of the unneces- sary expenditure in time of death. Help to pave the way for simplicity by practising simplicity yourself. If you do that, you will help to straigh- ten ninny bent backs and to smooth many care -worn brows. The Age of Genius. At the age of 18 David is said to have written his first psalm. Shelley wrote "Queen Blab" and Mendeissohn comeosed his music for "A Midsum- mer Nights Dream." At 19 Bryaut wrote "Thanatopsis." At 21 Disraeli wrote "Vivian Grey." At 2e. Alexander Demas wrote plays, Voltaire's first tragedy was• brought out and Keats wrote "Endymion." At 23 Horace le mid to have writ- ten his firet odea, Heine puellehed his first songs and Schiller's "The Rob- bers" had matte him feraous. At 24 Shakaseeare wrote his first play. At 26 Sheridan wrote "The Scheel for Scandal." At 28 Racine wrote "Andeemache" sad ITannah More wrote "The Search After Happiness." At 20.Add.lson's first essays appear- ed; Owen Meredith published "Lu- cille" At 30 Confuctue began his religious works. .At 31 Piing finished Ms "German War." .At 24 Luther wrote his 96 theses; liaxter wrote "Saints Everlasting Rest" and Thomas it Kemple wrote :Amdtttaa3:5:Mnareooldifa.meihnreldst.h"egan .the Koran Enid Poo wrote "The Raven." At 36' Thackerity's "Vanity Fair!' At 50 Bunyan finished Pilgrines Progrer s." At' 51 Dante finished his "Divine; nor is said to have cont - posed the IllEtd. Reminders. . •••• Mrs.—I/e eald I reminded him of St Greek goddess. Mr.-.Huht Mrs.—What do 1 remind you of? Mr.—Of every darned thing I over- book that you ask Me to don -Cleve, land Leader. COMBINATION COOKER HEATER The most efficient arid cOnomiCal Steve made. vvcied, ce; COth eke or anything FittestiScrew wIttiDa mpers. xsGrate, Hot Blast tube arid Will hold fire over night. Cook, WI and bake equal to the Want range.? Hes a fine oven of heavy steel sheets closely lvet. ed together, Bady Of 001 balled steel, If your dealer hos not a *ample for your Inspet. Con, Send direct to HAMILT04 STOVE & HEATER 00., LIMITED t 0-zsi2iv0n;o0% suceeesors to HAMILTON, ONT. V011ist !SOME TOW e THE GOOEY IIthEN CO., Canada's Oldest Stove Makers TIM GERMAN FLAG. when the present National Em. blew Oriinated, When the present fierman Iiimpire was sleamiehea by uniting the several cier- man States Into Olio vast realm, the ques- tion arose as to what flaw the new am- oire ehoubi fly. As it happened, etteit et:flit:wanted Its own special eitendarti aqepted, and no two of tune were alike, dosed of two colors; thus Prussia had rltoUgh as a generill thing each wits von- olttelt and white Bavaria bitie and white, 4axony green and white ape every other 4tatc no matter irow small, possessed When the (treat liermart Empire he - Pante on established fact, naturally It s\%.aollot,eheenstliftyatitilootlavdpointtiveltiubdoonnaoirt titig 4tates, as overy (lovernment Insisted on being represented. A council was UP- oointed to take charge of the 18'11010 Mat - 'Pr, und tho difficulty it encountered in eoming to a decision will be bettor an. predated when it Is remembered that there were at least forty combine tims to be made. if all were to he satisfied with the arrangement. The large Staten, the ltingdom. prePosed that their flags should be united and thus form the national flag, but the delegates from the small principalities objected so strongly to the ignoring of their claims to recognition that this plan was voted down. Another propo- 4tion was that all the smaller states ;Imola be represented on jack or corner EC the flag, and have a series of stripes, mch representing the 1 lire cities or larr.rer :totes. This was also rejected as ten nitrite:Tome an arrangement. Agajti It OtiOgf•At011 to 'MVO KWh State, large 11' 110011, rem,esentod on the body of the lag, it method of portioning out the sur- -nee 1» squares, s:t much to each State. rbie inconvenient and Inartistic plan VON PrIO151101 (1(.10gittOO, however, next •)repared a combination of colorS and. if eourre, Mack and white were not east :tside, The idea was to adopt it flag .1,mp0sed of black and white ;tad rod, 144 this latter liad always been considered in imperial color. The other kingdoms ihjected fiercely to the predominance of :IPe ,1111,1!ebluilicteittanillawshlivteonofaLrtilsysiliaiteovoefr 13a- varla and Saxony, but. the Prussian del- '•aates found allies M those from the States, who, recognising that 'here was no 1101.1‘ of having the flags of • heir own little states adopted, feIt will - 'ng to have the claims of the larger over - tearing States ignored, as well as their Iwo. thoy voted with the Prussians, ma the black, white and red was tte- again, the smaller kingdoms In- dsted that each should keep its own "lag to fly at the head of its own par- ticular contingent in the army. This ,eoposition was voted down, as it was leehled it would give valuable Informs.. ton to an army as to the number of mops, a great mistake In war time,. tnother proposition, that of hanging the Week, white and red stripes parallel to he staff, was decided adversely, on the :round that the red, white and blue dries of the French flag, belng bung ;a that manner, the two flags might he !onfused In the midst of 'battle. This meled ihe question and the Prussian flag'. with the addition of the imperial red, was admted as the national standard of lic holo clerman Empire. MO LITTLE MASTERPIECES, Does war develop humor in the com- iatants? Enough has been printed la these columns to show what a good- aatured chap Tommy Atkins is ia tight place; and in grim situations. But calmly he has no monopoly, if me is to judge by these two fine let- ters—one by a Belgian eoldier, the the other by it Serbian—translated in ehe London Times. Here is the Bel- eian's letter. "I am a dishevelled fellow, ill -shav- en with a sort of budding beard, whis- kers, hair which has never had the eonor of being cut since July, some- times washed, often dirty, muddy shora and holey socks, trousers torn and sewn again and kid glee -es, quite new, and, moreover, real reindeer and of perfect cut. Imagine this' old Bohe- mian, repulsive, ragged, dragging round in old saddle -bags, an antholo- gy, to university records, a , pair of sippers, a towel, soap and a por- trait of Victor Hugo! Never was a Don Quichotte or a lifalbrouck so fine- ly equipped. Here I am near the ene- my in a plain lghted up by the flashes of the mitrailleuses; here I am ten a somewhat romantic pose, reciting po- etry, lame and broken, but going; strong all the same, and replying in the night to the heavy Gernaanobst- teries. "The Germans are not tides, and un- derneath their pointed caps they are fixed lilce stacice in their immovable trenches. But the day will come when we shall be able, thanks to our share swords, to push .back this block of marble and overthrow the heavy mass breaking them completely. And then, citizen, then, satisfied with my humble Part in this infernal, although glori- ous, struggle, grown gray itt victory, thrilled by the nobility and the justice, of our cause, in a burst of patriotism and of distinction, than I shall change my shirt at Antwerp." And here is the letter by the Ser- bian, who is it corporal in the Drina Army Corps: "War is the hungriest work you could have. If I wanted halt as much to eat at home as I do when campaign ing, my little bit of land could not supped Inc. We nil feel the same, that we must lay up at each meat what will keep us for days, the future be- ing so uncertain. The feats done for a bit of food are worth telling. Then we were in trenches 300 yards or so from the enemy (liketvise in trendies) we got lonely for something beside maize, and a few men risked their Skirt s to go foragin in the nearest vil- lage. They came back next day with three toast Iambs, and in the joy of the feast we forgot precautions. Hi- therto we never popped up our heade except to fire, but now we could not resist calling, "Hey, Sivabos! "Next day we saw boots suepended on sticks outside the Austrian tren- ches, and a voice called in broken Serbian, "See, you rats! bow we aro shod and YOU Wive not eveu soutie gondol& Then enr commander re- minded us of all the roast meat we had consumed, and said that on the strength of it we ought to be able to earn e. pair of boots, se we drove them out and found hundreds of brand-new boots, with other thinge, in that charge I was wounded, but brought away tny boots all the seine, and will wear theta befere long, please God, hi another charge." ANOTHEA "DAY" COMING, (New York nerard) Cierznun papers are regaling their read- ers with tne story that tne Kaiser, ott visiting the western battlefield, knelt be- fore 0. large Wolin or dead Germans anti Weidt, exclaiming "I have not Willet1 this:" "ThIs"-the slaughter Of riefinan solitiers-n as not what the iialser "will- ed." What lie wilted was that German soldiers should title roughshod over peaceful Belgium and peace -loving Franco, slaughtering ruthlessly the sans a mothers because, forsooth, they did riot speak 111 C;(!ntlan torigt1O•, COMlnalthtg fighting brayety to protect their own be- loved fatherland, or noncombatants -it matters not so long as they stood itt the way of the Invader. It was this that he willed when Ito indueed the other Nah-er, thl and in his dotage to force Ivor upon little Serbia; it was this that Ito It dled when he doitheratoty plunged Europe into war for the glory of "The Date Another Day will come, it dtty of 'reckoning, when Ito and tie Prussian militatUnl must ace.Ount to the normati Pane° for the &tali and ilevastation ee meolessly irreught teem them It the Raiser has wore tears to shed, he should prepare to -shed Mein then. 414‘44.- 1011,---A eite shouldn't Matry ItMan • until e'en itienve afl nbenit hint Belle --Good graeious! If sill knew ell Ithent bile elle Wellidtet want to marry 'him tit all,