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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Exeter Advocate, 1922-6-1, Page 21 Address communications to Ageonant st, 73 Adelaide $t. West, Toronto teelf by throwing out these buds or ew shoots from the root it will not io anything in the way of growing until it has time to start these shoots: That may be a matter a .a week or, ten daes. In the meanwhile weeds will fight for the posseselon of the and and, therefore, if the alfalfa is et too eagle- there will inevitably be a short crop following. It however, ve neglect to cut alfalfa, soon after t has rade the new growth the Plante begku to throw their strength to hese buds, the main stalk will start: o crinkle down, and the hay will grow, and produce seed, but the second erop will not be as good. for hay es it would have been bad the firet crop teen re- moved, for a seed crop detract* a good deal from the next cutting. If be first crop is met at the proper time •hen the plants will start off vigor- euely and we shall even have a, getei growth for a seeond, third or fourth cutting. 1 always run the cutter bar of the mowing nalehine rather high when cutting atfalfa. as etherwise there is dangero cutting eff the buds or shoot e that are growing to make the next erop, tines seriously damag- ing the following erop. There are two ways of handling al- falfa. Ono is to cert at the tize. specified above, &low it to wilt, put it in small pilee, then cover with cape' and let it stand for a few days. Then, en clear day remove the caps, °pea up the pie, air and 51M the hay and then put it in the mow. The other method is to cut it in the evening or early in the morning after the dew has dried away and put it in small windrows. Then when, by taking a wisp of it and twisting it hard, no' moisture can be seen en the outside,: it ie ready to be put in the barn. The fast is the nefest way so far us the present crop is concerned, but the abjection is that if the pie % remitin on the ground more than a day or two the alfalfa ureierneath will be kireti and the nf.7.4 win he badly spotted. Alfalfa is r.o more difficult Good Hay .at the Lowest Cost. I i Haymaking is a teak that mug be; n het eformed while the heat of summer es oppressive. There is also a good deal of anxiety careened with the operation, for a good deal of skill and', judgment is required to make and see° cUre hay in good condition so as toi give the best results as feed. When; e the weather cited:lions may reduce the'. quality and ear,seguerit value of they hay for food at home or commercial., purposes, hay ma,y be termed "dried. grass," but this does not convey the' t" meaning of all that we want or alis that 13 desked in hay. Grass may be dried before it is cut and yet be un-' palatable as food for farm animals and yield tittle nutriment when it is ear:seined. As fresh grass Is in itself a nearly perfeet feed for live stock the hay made from grass eat when it bs at its hest, and cured so as to retain au the conetttreems of the grass, with only the loss of the water during the process, is the hay that is not only the most palatable hut the most profit'. (title sut feed. The man who operates are farm and Who ltas a.geed eleal ef hay to care for should have a complete outfit, of modern haygnehing machinery, bee' came other work on the farm is likely to interfere with the handling of the hay crop and haying must be done in the shortest poseible time. The small farmer in get along with more mod- est equipment. All necessary prepara- tion* for handling the hay crop should be made a few days in ativer.ce of that time the mower ie to be put in. the field. A machine may need overhaul- ing and repairing, possibly same new machine will need to he purehased, and it is net ainhable to wait until it ie thaw to begin haying before tbie, is done. Of etraree, the the hen hay should. be cut is a :natter of remelt impertance." I always begin meeting clover when about one-teird cf tem heeds have turned !mown. At this stage it is! shout eighty per eitnit. evethr and cane to cure than clover, provided there is not be stored safely if it contains over the 9331e an'van't °J heat, wind and sixteen per cent.. so the preblent of sun5lidna- In fact, it is searelFas tur:r43,.11,,Iver hay is simply that et difficult. Whichever method is adopted evaeeareeing the cl:Terence between th° great objoet in eating alfalfa is eighty per cent of water and about to preserve the leaves and it should sixteen rar eentor less. In order to ' not 'be allowed to stand until after, do thie (tenthly or in from twenty-four they have begun to fall which they to thirty-six hours, ttre4t be done will do shortly after the new shoots from the root are an ineh or so in through the :eaves. As soon as the stern is seperated frem the stubble ' length. The greater part of the nutri- the supply ment in alfalfa is contained in the tee water from belovr mem while the evaparation from the leaf leaves* ree'lng er'''tes these are continue.; ae, long a !t has life in it, worth more than their weight in bran. I always prefer to eut timothy when To seem* thee quiek evaperatien air. must have free aeziees to the leaves:it has reached the stage of full bloom Herne the problem of eurina eteeer and the first blosionts have begun to hay is to keep it in Qs lorvse form as fall. At this stage the plant has at- tained its maximum growth and it poseible. When the. erop is heavy and &leo contains the maximum et digest run ho, the leaf strueture of the ible nutriments. The plants have been upper part of the swath i4 often killed, s shown by the leavebeeoraing gathering and storing up soluble as ia brown or black, while those in the nutrition until the point of blossoming under part ef the swath are scarcely is reached after which the seed begins' , changed in color. Hence the value of developing and drawing upon the nu- thetriment in the stalk which becomes, teller in lifting the swath and s allowing free access of the air. Unless concentrated in the eed. From the Ace Where the sow raises only a single litter a pigs during the year it is permissible t tine e to allow her to wean the pigs herse/f. Ordinaelly, however, it is better to se e that the pigs are bidependent of their mother at from nine to ten weeks a age. Re- duce the amount of feed allowed the mother and remove the pigs to other quarters. If the sow can be kept 4Ork dry feed in limited supply, she will soon dry up. The pigs may be fed on the sumo rations as they had be - fere weaning The pasture should be continued. If possible provide alfalfa or some other legume crop and give them ale the oats that they will clean up. Corn and tankage can be fed at this, time to advantage. cell the soluble nutrition in the stalk this is done the elover is sunburned, gradually diminishes and the woody and if the leaf struature is killed be - fibre, which is insoluble in water, be- fore th.e sap is out of the stalk it is impossible to make a good quality of. gins to increase and continues until hay, nor can the curing be done in'th© seed is mature. Hence the proper in any reasonable time. It is impossible stage efgrowth at which to cut timothy for hay is immediately after to cure clover hay properly during damp muggy weather. It is, however,. full blacm. an easy matterTimothy hay does not require as -to cure it in clear ' sunshiny weather with a fresh north, n21111 sunshine for curing as clover Cow -Testing Advancement, Under the cow -testing plan conduct- ed by the Dairy Branch of the Do- minion Department of Agriculture there was a great increase last year in the entire eountry of the number of herds and cows tested, of the test- ing centres established, and of the. total tans made. What is more heie portant is that advance ia indieated in the average production both of milk and fat. The report en the subject far 1021 reeoncle en. increttee in seven province* last year vernpared with the preceding year. New Brunswick fell away a little, and the Saskat- ehewan Department of Agriculture undertook the operation of the entire system in that province. In Menitoba, the provineial dairy branch takes com- pete 'charge of the field work as well as organizing and supervising the teet-1 ing eentrea, while the Dominion Dairy 13ranch complies the records and pays, for the teetir.g. Tho other provincee all co-operate with the Dembeion dee partment in the conduct and direce tion of the work,. The policy in few° requires the farmers to sew:), the necessary equip- ment to weigh the milks and to keep, samples for three days daring eaelt mentin while the Deminien Dairy, Branch, through the proelneial dairy promoters, organises and supervises the testing centres and compiles the' reeonls received at the Ottlwa. effiee.S In Ontario last year, due largely to the District Representatives and the4 Provincial Dairy Instractors, the work nearly doubled, and in Quebec. the proi vireinl Dairy Inspectera conducted, eampaigne which retultal in a rad mare:able ir.erease. The advance made, is shown in the report by statistical tables, recording the nuralter of herds; and cows tested, the number of cen-,!, tree established, the number of tosts,1 and the average, tenet produetion of! milk and fat in eaeh ef the last three! yeare. It am eaves the average proe! duction and increase of seven herds,, in 1921 compared with 1919, each P showing a marked inereaae; the num- ber of herds, cows and testa by pro; vinees in 1910, 1920 and 1921, and the, number , f cowtested with the aver- age production of milk nnti fat at the four prizielpal centres in Ontario. In, 1919 there were 2,116 herds and 22,517, cows tested in all the provinces. In 1921, there were tested with Saskat- chewan excluded, zi,19.1 herds and 47,- 895 cows. In directing attention to the necessity of the proper feeding of milch cows, the Dominion Dairy Branch urges farmers to keep a re- cord of the feed cf each cow. and sup-: ' plies forms free of charge fee- that purpose. Low -analysis fertilizers are the shoddy of soil improvement. The alfalfa enthusiast should keep his plow -points sharp. ifedeu r Tr planting June Grass. a mos dune grass will die eat on sz on of a lawn and it is to reseed these poopaces. Some people have rasodd thea peon spate, others hive attempted to re- seezi Neither way is eery esmonetery, It generally conceded that two! 6. Lees liability to trouble end The resedding always. shows plainly in the old lawn, more a patch on" 4 2838'5 coat. An exeeVertt way to handle theee, poor places or any other places where June grass hafi toeatat and do well is to tithe email pieces a June grave sod, put them down on the ground where the grass has failed, and then elle') them fine with a sharp shovel or spade, strike hard enough to the sod is thoroughly mixed with soil underneath, the pack the ground, either by tramping on it or rolling in, The June grasa root* have tittle been transplanted into the soil and will ueually mate a quick growth and be- fore the season le over one cart warm- ly these patches from the better portion of the lawn. sting Will Do A Summary of Ted. in Fruit Pest Control Butchers Can. Help. It has been peinted out thet but -1 ehers in small teams have an unusual opportunity to influence the impreve- meet in live stock grown for meat purees. One protereseive firm of bete' chere has a runiher cf wellnired youeig belie white% they nee% to introduce into. the herds in the communities from whieh they mean.* their suppliee Whenever they buy a Meet for slaugh- ter they always make an effort to re- place that sire with something better. This. same tirm alto tulles pains to &play in the windows of their shop the careassee of well-fed 'animals. Tide display is brought to the atten- tion of feeders with appropriato eards, showing how the r.nituala were fed, and the percentage of dreseed meat.' From the figuree given the produeer is able to understand how 13 13 possible for the butcher to pay better prices for properly bred and meeperly fed stock..! These butchers say that this work pays them and they feel it has been instrumental in improving the herds in their section. Tobacco dust will get rid of red ants that are so troublesome in orchards anti gardens. Hoe the dirt away from the note of the treee, sprinkle a few spoonfuls of dust around on the ton of the soil, cover with a thin layer of earth. Sprinkle the water, or let the rain carry the dose home. This also controls the red ants which bother roots of asters in the flower garden. er rthwest and alfalfa. If the day is bright and nowind. In fact it is easy' •to care clover hay as it should he cured breezy I proceed as follows: I starti if the atmosphere is very' dg7 withl the mowing machine in the morning; sians ne am any kind of a breeze.' an the! stop the same as soon as I think there' The problem, therefare, is to keep is s,ufficient timothy cut to handle' clover ea loose during- the curing pro -I cess that it is quickly converted into:during the day. If, however, I have! suspicion of foul weather I stop the' hay by the evaporation of the moist - machine before I think there is half ure through the leaf and before the it is better to securel leaf ,structure is destroyed by the Inetj enough down, as one er two loads of hay thoroughlyi sun. With favorable weather clover well made than to have twice the in the condition above described caul quantity partly spoiled with a rain! be out one evening, tedded or put in shower. I start the teller about one small windrow.s before dinner the fol- lowing day, and hauled during the hour after starting the mower. If the: afternoon. timothy is very heavy it is given a second tedding, going in the opposite clover probably the best method Where one has only a few acres, <to! direction. Then about noon I start the rake ane about an hour later come,' handling es to cut it and allow it to mence hauling and clean -up the last wilt, put it in small; pier than cover swath before night. After the hay is it with hay caps and let it go through in the barn the latter is tightly closed the sweating process in the piles, at night. There is no danger of heat- . Parents as Educators men and a team can prnne, euletvete!, breakdevens. A dusting outfit in prac- and fertilize aore than twenty-livetie,* is a reliable machine and is not wee of ereltarde but that they could responsible fer delays due he lenity not with Q110 lipid spray outfit do valves, blowouts, etv., vellieh trequent- fuU to more than twenty -Ave' ly occur with highepreenure sprayers. agree. The lin3itiag factor of are 7, naapnetty and speed. Title maketl, mean -deal unit is therefore the spray a greater appeal to the grower. More rig. fruit growers will dust then will setray A dusting outfit can easily take, even if the total cost le the sante, he - ears of Sixty sores et erehhrd 13 one cause it is lees trouble. This is highly season, and if tinging is equal in peen, importent, espectally in an areherdieg control to epregieg, the cbatfeeommunity where it 13desirable in the dusting wad have the effect ef inal interests of every individual to ime eesing the ecenumleal unit of fruit, prove the standard of product in the oreliards arid melte cultivating the entire community., Of tlnae advan. limiting teeter in determining the tages the first and lest are probably raaXiinaMa area that oneleara. two men the met important. and equipment could are for, or the i It 15 most curious to find that en pconeliaie31 emit for frealt productieng averaging thirty experiments cane But the tractor, especially the lighter ducted in New Yerk, Mieltigan. Illinois type % has coarse to the aid of the' and Nova Scotia, that ti e total aver - fruit grewer, by supplying thia limit- age gives the fottowingt An average ed eultiatetion factor, which eerforres.' of aixteert ewers of thirty experimenee, ; t more ecorionnesely, an increeeed mu- shows pereentage ef 50.5 on :nab; 2e.4 emit of woik than meu and tearcan per cent. on worms, and 22.2 eer Cent, seund fruit. on Int5prayed orehnrJs; Federal% Tb reputation of dusting bus in the (in sprayed fruit. 15.d per eettit. past been the reputation ef stephur 5.2 werms, aril 71.5 t mai. As againet dust; it might be beet to enumerate this consider the retelts ov ,n• the some of the advantages, questionable Farme period oe yeare of thrahte. name - points and dieadvantegee ef dusting. ly: Seab, nee or the re."0 as when Thu advantages ef duAing that are prayed; worms, four tee ten, and gener(alliztareeppsrperiedin ttpkation. tt tell are:pliiivutuind fruit, 74.4 per gent, or more 1. in spraye& dusting utilt is capable of treating These figures refer te the e9.10 Fed - iron five to ten times as much erehard phut dust only. It is curi-tte to find cr vineyard as a epraying outfit in a that the percentage of apple, nab in given time. the dusted and sprayed plots is mut- 2. Mere suitable timing of applica- ly the same, while the dust is slightly Hens. Owing to the rapidity of ap- srperier in insert 'control and 13 totstl plication the grower can time itis ap- number of sound apples. plications to better suit the weitber At the Nova Seetia Experiment Sta. ' tion during the mist three e ears, eon- 8.andthei,essetNavgaest:ft f prituits.a g. opera- d siderable raga has been dope with a tions should be done during weather. new duet solution devisal by Prof. G. unfit for most agricultural field opera -e E. Sanders. This is in the proportion time such as Inunediately following of four per cent. metallic stopper and a. rain or very early in the morning,' one and a quarter per ceet. metallic Male spraying operations require the areenie wheel has len denionetrateil best of eather, as effeetive as the 90-10 sulphur lead w 4. Lower cost of machinery. The ' arenate compound. initial cost a dusting outfit is two- i This dust is equal to liquid spray, thirds that of a sprayer, the coat of bath In the control of fungous disease, ealteep is les, the gasoline Usti he and bailie- ineecte. Which demon - less and the duster is a lengeraived, strates dusting is at least equal to ' spraying in all controls, save those znaehine. i 5. Lighter weight of dusting appar-, of sucking inseete, especially the atus. A. dusting.- outfit with dust and, Payne ani greeti apnle, bug, but the operators on it does not weigh more' difference is so slight even in this, as than one-third the weight ef a sprayer', to be more than efFset by the differ - ready fcr operation, so it can be takenlence in cost of applization and amount over hMs and over wet ground where; of acreage that one outfit can handle a sprayer would mire. eronomically. as soon as the dew has dried away'd' • , ........ hi I I begin cutting my first crop of ing or moulding in the MOW lf the alfalfa when. it is about one-fourbh in timothy is cut when the bloom is on bloom. When the time for harvesting the head and mowed away without any' alfalfa approaches it begins to 'prepare rain or dew an it, The hay wilil come for it as though it were a foreseen out in the winter bright green in color' event by throwing out 'bads near the and it will be worth as much to feed! root, thus forming a crown. If the and the stock wiil relish it almost as alfalfa is cut before it has prepared well as the grass it is made from. of the celf's life determines in a large measure its value at maturity, the, prudent dairyman will exercise par - Where calves are turned together ticular care to encourage strong bone 13 posture some arrangements should and muscular development. To achieve provided so that at feeding time this purpose a well-balanced grain. ra-, each calf will receive its roguate am- tion should be supplied regularly. I °ant •el feed. 1 find it a good, plan to find that a ration compounded of ooestruet a row of stanchions -with equa1 parts of ground oats, [cornmeal (shallow trough in front for grain and bran, with a small allowance of to hokl the calves while they are oil meat, gives splendid ,results. oath*. The stanchion (should be par- ti.ttioaad off in such a monner so that the theyee cannot ow nick one 4121.e. other while the taste of their dinner no Fetal in their mouths. With such an amusement a ,nuraber of calves ean be pasthred together without their <et:attracting bad habibe. Yteeptvg- in mind, that the Bret year feed this rain= twice daily iilamouiits that the calves will readily consume. ft, The man who succeeded in putting 13 fent was a real bene- factor. Tuition :often brings better judg- ment thamintuition but bobli are val- uable, Fear a Menace to Children—By Bertha Mason It is surprising how many children leave their homes to enter into a larger social sphere with fear instilled into their thoughts. If all mothers could realize that fear is a most menacing disease surely fewer call - then would enter the kindergarten with trembling. Most kindergarten or primary teachers have at some time felt the pang of seeing a child show fear. Fre- quently a teacher wonders why she does not win the whale -hearted, loving response which most children so read- ily give to the efforts of a sympa- thetic friend. No child can give his best attention when there is present a dread of what might happen if he makes a mistake. Be that sensation of fear ever so vague it will check readyexpression of thoughts and re- tard natural, normal mental develop- ment. All teaehers and pnblic welfare workers will testify that many parents and relatives threaten children with various direful punishments to he ad- ministered by policemen, doctors, teachers, goblins and numerous imag- inary bein,gs. A five-year-old boy entered a prim- ary room in September. His eyes were weak. ,That, however, did not explain his evident fear of the teacher. If she approached to help him he in- variably crouched to one side and never mice respended with more than a questioning half -smile to her efforts to put him at ease. Of course, ,she call- ed apon the child's, mother. During the conversaibion the mother said, "We want him to mind and we told turn you would almost beat him to death if he didn't. I think he believes us, t00," She seemed quite proua that Iter boy • I . would "obey," not seeming to consider that submission is not always discip- line. To the teacher it was pitiful. The child's effort to see resulted in an inevitable nervous 8train. Through fear of consequences if he answered questions incorrectly he was no doubt silent at times when he eouid have responded. And he probably made other mistakes through nervousness, It is not only teachers who must contend with consequences of such a course. A few days ago I saw a child who was ill stream and pull the covers, over her head as soon as the plant.' clan neared the bed. "If you don't hush the doctor will grab your tongue," said the mother. Of course. the child's fear was only increased. Naturally it was impossible to ac- curately diagnose her case as she had worked herself into a serious nervous state. Later the same physician remarked to me, "Why cloret pehple teach chil- dren that we want to help, not hurt them?" He then cited many instances where adults had threatened children with "the doctor" if they didn't obey. For obvious reasons such a eourse is very unfair to the physicians and the &Udine who gain such harmful con.ceptions. Every child should learn that un- pleasant consequences inevitably fol- low certain actions. But to teach a child to fear individuals real or fan- ciful, is an injustice to the child, to those who are to sharp the responsi- bility of guiding him and to each member &f the society of which he becomes a part. It is through knowl- edge and not fear that he learns self- coetrol and respect for principles of right and laws of society. • " • Rules for Feeding Dairy Cattle. The Dominion Animal Husbandman sets dcwn in No. 68 of the Experi- mental Farm circulars three very con- cise and explicit rules for feeding dairy cattle. The first is: Never over- feed; the second: Feed according to the individual needs and desires of each animal; and the third: Feed re- gularly both as to the hours of feed- ing and the character of the feeds. Relative to the last, the Animal Hus- bandman points out that sudden changes in feeds are liable to cause not only a loss in gains or production, but will often induce ailments such as diarrhoea, bloat, milk fever, etc., all of which are described in the cir- cular with suggested treatment and remedies. , A Durable Whitewash. Make a thin paste ott fifty pounds of hydrated, lime in boiling water, or one - beef bushel of quicklime may. be slack- ed in seven and one-half gallons of water, keeping the vessel well covered and stirring occasionally. To this is added one peck of common salt, which has been dissolved in hot water; three pounds of rice flour, boiled to a thin page, which should 1e stirred in whae hot; one-half pound of Spanish whit- ing and one pound of clear gine, therougb'y dissolved in bailing water. This farinula is particularly .suitable for interior work. Mix via in the order reenbioned above and allow the rnixtun, to stand several days before it is applied. It should be put an with a brueli or spray as hat as it is pos- sible to handle the mixture. "How much more decent were it to see schoolhouses strewed 'yeah grene boughs and, bowers than with bloodly birchen twigs,"—Montaigue. 1 THE CHILDREN'S HOUR etate A Money -Making Stunt. One spring a few years ago I re- solved to make some money. I thought that keeping chickens would be an easy way. I decided to have Plymouth Rocks as they are mete large and would sell for more than a smaller chicken in the fall. After I had thirty eggs which 1 had bought of my mother, I could hardly wait un- til they were hatched. As I was so holiest about promieing to pay for my eggs my brother suggested that Npayiehfozditdh.e rent of the incubator, When they hatched the chickens were healthy and as very hungry that I fed them too much and they all died but two. I was now in debt two expds ollwea:feonaren:i.t fifb but t :on cs-b Telt nen. otahnindgtheth As long as I was this much in debt I decided that I might as well buy, some more for 1 woulcltet be apt to even pay my delft with two chickens. • In a few weeks the second bunch hatched and they proved to be justaan healthy as the others. But I was more careful this time. 'Sometime... I would get very discourA aged as I thought of the heavy debt over my head, For every clay the debt was growing larger, for as the chick- ens grew they ate more. About the last of October I sold all, of them but three chickens and rooster. 1 had all of my honest debtsj paid and ten dollars and forty cents left as a profit. I intended to rebel est.; enkceens s ptrhoovenneteaxt yleaLbalsot seducarsircumir: stead.