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The Exeter Advocate, 1922-4-20, Page 6,-,...7,..-:,....,..:l.- ....,;,....:".14:::..„.' • ...- - Address -itemmunieetion" ee StarentiFtilet, a) Aaeigieet St, Wean TOrralt4i, SrraTing Notes. 1 rile is te .be highle• omarnended. Lime: With the prespeet of the new Fruit! sulPllue ,t'llOtild he aWided. As an Marks Aet regeletions conning.iuto et.; sentleide, to be eornbined with the feet this season the question ef finish; Bordeaux, . auuse one to &tee and one . ' ' to and quality' in fruit is one which more .3 PA",tin atae • - - I- . than ever attract the att.ention oftererY forty gallom"' of - t'he 'sPra!" 111:1".. growers. The new i:egulatious whieh : titre. This conthination has proved on are l'OUCh more epeeific in their state-; the Experimental Farms to be a. ment of wagg, eenetitutes lama-et-1es; theroughly efficient control for baght foa the higher gratiee than the act new; aral Pothdo leags• in force, make it extremely 'desire:Wei that the sprays to be ueed should be The Man, the Cow, the Feed. aerefully eeleeteel. • ; Marey factem enter into successful The wholesale teee of' Bordeaux mdse.: dairy farming. Three a them are of ture, aceompanied as it generally is, vital importaace. First, there is the by lack 1,47 finielt aita often by an '! man. It is said that some rain: attempt ectual reeeeth e. ef. the fruit, eleetild . to qualify as expert machinists who be praetlegi with .extreene eautieng emild toe keep a wee -harrow run - Rei ng may rew be respoesible feri !dna properly. Similarly, some men as high a peraratage oil loss in the: at enupt te make (lain:men wet of . higheet grade thatra faney) as ad thernee'ags when they have no quail- metierate inf.-hen gn of seal% Where-', liteetioas for handling live eteek. They as BOrtZt,;.NTO.: .,,,z r,;.,-VO:C.S3j,.::,' for entiehe are get a zLeir element. The men VihO raSeq:',.:ng' ef the _fail:, it: ie likewiee ', doesnet lihe liee stoeit. hat wine is adialtzel tleie :are. saltier- is eepg: gettl e...: fellewing rules,. may get along able •,:en aztaaine neproving the tieleh, fzilee: well with lry cettle. But this ef the Pre -neat arel !s in adi:t!on nn9 is :Ile ex4N-1Atice. and nr): ;he re.. €' €' flIng,...i-Zio, i. When vr..., ihni in'... re;i64-‘g eir.:6- trier- Ae the reteetitee 's r.-It.'.:r37.Y t".•.3114e4 i, keta eget:a:dna, ep to fifty Minitel efette the 1.,loom , 7:,,,acteria per telaist etentieretve. and eee Lae fallen., the ete fl?:u' r e frt,ext nuiraer ef ttraerntearis. noel riaae tee that eteeet ..neyie aelveeated-' eerealty neekieg deitee hertle Jett art. where 4iN?Yr.:-.il 17%14,.:,17.1,,I,DY7, aund in every coenty ia the aturtre, the old .1...1!--1a Bohneria le the gt7et-cr.We are alreeet irelieed to believe tint inner in la-tee:tat te mega injary then tne peopertam Mir.p7aVt'a \vtiOlan'S ths) r.ewer 21.11n7.4.1r,.latior.e of a-10- ln. , in the attiry irivetry iraeti.e parti- te later fotmeane ealarly large, :el-ea:di he eael reeteferenee tee the Aey !gen who t• 'he FVE0 47r one Tanta 'ate eeesaleradeen liewever, is willing ea inted:igener certrta 'gent. neihn reel. study the proWeros eonnert,-1 ot;n:lty; :iiz.:trt. inat. to.e: neek preelection, ean make a surer Valeta -ire reeeren• erelet e -few erele. living eat of the tiehey caw then frent ardzs wi the mest ar.le ether rxe eternirerde da le• tieree --e-Theer Been Thee earf;::;,'S' tt,e eJ.W. It. rie:11,1X 9-j,!".7:1?;,--, 0.1,r.e..1 1.0 4.`41re? tC)J^,li lt!ei eitIker Deree er 7aree te, tb rpyln .s.rrar jth eareagdime them te make nal% ir or,e6t,Nle . titate, The pralheltle dairy herd :s ann!ying 4.%.4m-t,tel .S. arteu geed prethee- algae, OT eateeeii unAer.. ai.e.4.:4r,t., either grade et• Fere- steal. Tnr..4:,. t••••.". spra:.. lei?aveliy bred, that have neon theee.vheee prove epenytel,9-14 Pr:-',11.47,?4? neer en Predeeer.e threettla ere or more lee- el:elite • teen .ent tete ef it. het, en perits, 1,7.-e are ie. eeeteant intery hreuglet on elantel te halleve that there are meee ter fereeteet es well es in P.74,11,* feelers than peor ewe, ami that litdon to form a Maal; of the ee-eallel 3,000.pound cows erep of fren lea t sureeediug wieula prodnee 5.040 or 01100 pattn.is of milk if only given bait a chance. On the other hand, there are cows pro- dueing, 5.000 and 41,000 pun tle of Mill; that ehould he produeing 8,000 or 9,000 e minds on the feed ant'care that they reeeive. The .ahility to select good cows is. the first and most important attribute of a good dairyman. Finally, there is the cgzeetion of feed, The farmer who is a goed dairyman anti has good .eows, will be onig an in- different .success unless be operates his farm 'to produee maximum quanti- ties of rutritioue roughage. On the dame farm, large acreage will be de- voted to legumes Snell as red clever, sweet clover o.nd alfalfa, to the produc- tion of succulent crops, such as roots and corn for 'ensilage with a small acreage comparatively in grains. Where such erops are grown, very lit- tle feed will need to be purchased out- side of heavy 'concentrates to supple- ment the cearse grains produced at; horne and there will be a maximum of i increase, a minimum of outgo, and eat- isfaetory ,refits. erner to nee -genre neeeinle re- dantien ter erep 1:: the nee of spray rniatures ;en etteet: tenant of game theeteanle ef :deem tea,: male last Leeson at the Contra: Experimental, Farm ann 110 following, reeultis totea: Where drat sa".plran, ere dile gravity .087, wan iht 17.4' (4 the blooms set fruit. Where Beteleaux 3-10-40 ,etenrula. W.1••• 'it 1 7.1 t zlee Oita -ens set fruit. There was praetieally to aiffereree in the eite ;h.; :WO phtts t.'") the :away nee "Ileze res: net tie ear, intlierre a bees flute to the use of lime sulphur as a &rime- for orthara use in the Province of Ontario. Calcium Arsenate for Potatoes. - With the advent of ealeium arsenate as an insectielde it sleatid, aceount of its elle:am-az :tad ineeetleide prop- ertiea, displuete the use of Palle, green on potattve, which is always liable to be attended by foliage injury. For the control of fungous ilisesee potatees Boraeaux mixthre of the 4-4-10 ferm- Chestnut had coal makes the most satisfactory fug for the coal-burninte brooder stove as it seldom goes out if the lire is given the proper atten- tion and there. is no difficulty in mak- ing the fire last all night. Coke makes a hot tire while it burns and can be used in brooder stoves but the stove may need attentio•n during the night to be sure that the fire will last until morning. Soft coal eau be used in brooder stoves with grates constructed for that purpose. However, it is not usually considered as satisfactory as the hard coal. It pays to have a box in each colony house that will hold nearly a week's supply of coal. This saves car- rying fuel in bad weather and reduces the time necessary to care for brooder fixes. 1.1 you use oil -burning brooders it pay to buy the best grade of kerosene or the grade commonly sold by the oil companies for incubator use. This first -grade oil gives the most heart for the money and there is less soot and odor. It pays to use a good grade of fuel 111 spite of the cost, as the expense can be divided .among two or three hun- dred chleke, making the fuel cost per diviek very small. Arta if the -fires go out the injury to a brood may be so great that no amount of fuel economy can make up for it. Caring for the Roadside. The last two years and the next few years will constitute an era of Toad loading. When properly completed these roads should have a acely graveled roadbed with a well -shaped roadside. The law of eaeh province should see to it, that, these roadsides are seeded 1 to some suitable grass seed with a nurse crop to keep the weeds from getting -the start of the ge•aes. Where - ea we have no such laws it would be a wise thing foe each farmer living along a new reed to do thiehimsela. In passing along. the highways we Put Thistles to Flight. The Making of St Lawn. Five years ago when I purchased ,... 1 .A good latent is one of the first es - my farm there were Our acres on it emettals in making a 'beautiful home. that leoked .almost woe -Wee& There; There le nothing that can take the were Potatoes planted, on this law-1piof a beautiful greensward bout, ars two seasonsbeI. fore and was be- any house if a is to be really attrae- ece a filo:lava:sat .ed.only 12teletfiteehlecia: llswPea;ngidlereweretive. Those -who are pleauing to 'build when 1 rnade the purchase. Au there should, include the lawn in the original riihfeoev•Qtnlitoeulii.o:fie.theDgrrawounatip aaoPoliann: \VAS growitg on it was, as 1 callealPot 'a a little poverty grass, here and ing tho proposed site, The area a there ta spots, and a gotal stand of this will depend. -upon the amouut of thistles, land available. In the country this I plowed it thoroughly the first should be not less than four times spring and sowed to eats seeding to the areaeof the house site. In excavate clover, producing a good stand of both, ing, the rich, surface soil but the dry weather shortened the separately. , The euneoil from the oats erop one-half and also the clover7gesvation ie then used for filling, de- l-Towel:ea I let the seeding stead, and pressiors and giading so that the sur - the thistles made a rapid growth the face water will always now away areal following season, along with the small the house. Whe.n the house is cora- amount of clover, se I clipped the field pieted, and the rubbish ineitlent to the hast week- of June, letting. the building removed, the surface eoil is stubble a the thistie drY a few days, brought back and used to make a seed then I sharpened a plow Point and bed for the lama grasses. plowed the piece about four inehes The lawn should be as permanent ae (deep, being very careful to eut every the house, and requires -equal care in thistle root at this depth. the making,. The autumn is a good Beirg a new man in the neighbor- lame to do the grading and fillings /tool I had ail kimis of questions asked This shculd be done at intervals, al - me yaw Ibtwed so shallow, and iowieg heavy mitts to settle the trete-- , that was the way I always ;lone. I ported soil several -times hefore the en:y laughed and eaid, "M a case like falai grajinge ptetighing and thorough this, as this is eely an experiment," tillage of the spring., This will pre- - The weather was. dry end hot for 'ens depreeeions developing axter- tennis 001,rt. t5relespirlIna; t7ctflic..'araZotsa4ne'01LIII!ltr(01.1 1 rtsetTa°11;11:gi,a-..avn:unerti VOULUtiOl4 of t!a'es. .'etti"tc '4't the dePtil that the tidth is required than for ally farm field vete plowed.. now, hAit 3P3 4r3' tbQ zukkr, of like a gartleu or about ready for Feedg • Atiguet the thiethes ware losirg vitality Seg.' unions. If the land is not in gond ee I set in plewirg with the sulky Ph'w heart, a heevy coat of manure should , taming up abent nine inehes of sail- be wothed in durn:g preparation, end - The. Piece Plewed here' easy owing' to when neeegary, a heavy dressing of the hist mall retell:big the moit'hlre. fertilieer will greatly help to make ' I irentedietely preparea eeed bed the soli as rich as it should for for wheat whieh I sowed the Iast vadat in August. growing petatoes Or rors. Nov. the field heire ' een.ititn, it reeded some nourishment to Draftee a crop of wheat. As 1 had . no money to rurchase a great arnonnt of fertilizer decided to make some -equalle fertilizer. ateetell all the weed aehes I cguld get Inurly, which was ahout tanSS • n.t9 lane manure and siftel it --,getht.r !z.o 1 t‘tul:1 'Ise it in a fertilizer odo frat:,:,at`pnhee:c.prei:ianttlye to use I teak a ton mixture and put in 100 pounis I ereried the Fertilizer part. wale Ken etel It:: hue/tele of aeo-I enein Feel wheat te '.he acre. Dur- ing the tvinter lurdell (be manure die reet front the etalae to the field eov. :erine it thoronehiv. mem. Keep at it until the S4i: iS The SC'eli eheuld e very heavy, in a runedown The best lawns- are made by having a great many fine stalks of grass. The, best grass for shade and open lawns is tile Kentucky Blue Grass. It is sown at the rate ef about CO pounds or 4 ba -ht's per aere. It weighs 14 pounds to the Nebel. The seed merehants sell reliaale mixture g 0 -gee usually con- tain a Inrete pereentege of Kentatity Blue Grass end White Clover. Timothy ang Red Top, when added to the mix - tare, are eatisfaetery grasses for mak- e permaner harm. To secure a setlefaetory seeding, take ;thout one- half of the seed for the area and saw the area one way. carefully by band, then take the other half and sow • res. the Mgt Feeding. By this means you wouhl avoid ;my mieses and secure It was a nice sight at harvest time. ale even staren to see what an even stand I lull. Freni To avoid having the lawn hare during tide poverty strieken field thredied the early summer, sow oats at the four mare htlfif wheat to the aeTr. rate of from 4 to 5 bushele per acre than any of my neighbers,..and did nhrt lvfore the lard cultivation iu preram- see a half dozen stalks or thistles. au, fee eeee-gette awe will form a new have a stand of alfalfa on the &env greeneward within three weeks, land.-ILD.F. and theugh requiring frequent cutting ---0- 1 with the lawn -mower, will not ouly Pig -Eating Sows. make a henutiful lawn, but will serve' Pig -eating sews ehnuld he fed about' as a nurse crop for the grasses until ; three pounds cf salt pork cut in strips the • ate esteblished. Cover yoer , 5 or the pigs may he painteti with lawn Feed with a garden rake and roll mucilage comeining, equal parts of from thee to time after rain. tincture of ;dice.: and asafoetida eel seen as the pigs are dry. A lit -le wheat bran or linseed all The name "Mary" has been given meal in the sow's ration will prevent, to seventeen daughters among twelve costiveness at farrowing time. (monarchs of England. George III. and Queen Victoria had each three of the world are Christians. Nearly one-third of the population I ‘dvaiitligihottelfesrsb.earing this name, together THE SUNDAY SCHOOL APRIL 23 Uzziah's Pride and •Puniehrne nt, 2 Chron. 26: 3,6,, 15,21`. Golden Text- Nov* 16:. 18. Tinie-B,C. '190-749, . vanity prompted him to usurp a fune-. Place -Jerusalem, tion which, did not properly belong to , Lesson Fereword-Soesii was SOO- hilll. ceeded by Amazialt (see 2 Xhags .1.1: 1 V, le, The priests attempted to stop b11.013;glairhr.oxeutzhz,jadh5).,wasnsd ohlele, services of the temp- le required a in turn, t siach -sacrilege, Fourscore priests. most brilliant hings a Judah, and his la reign was very prosperous. of the, The 1 It would require all their valor to large stafr of priests. Valiant men. I, lIzziah's Prosperity, 3-5, withstand so proud and powerful a "Jehovah is my strength," In 2 Kings 1 V. 18, Burn incense. incense was V. 3. Uzziabe the n'atne means lking. 15: 1 he is called by another name, l formed by burning certain aromatic Awe -iota 'addax mearee,"Jelloyah is lay; substances. It was offered morning help." Sixteen years old. V. 1 leads us ; and evening on the golden altar; ith to infer that be was eliosen king by sweet odor was supposed to be part popular acclamation rather than by, eularly pleasing to God. It was some• hereditary right; he may have dis- timee referred to as a symbol of placed an older brother. Fifty and two prayer. ' (See P. 141: 2; Rev. 8:3.) years; one ef the longest as well as: V. 19. Uzziali was wroth, The one of the most prosperious reigns in prieehe were quite within their rights the annals of the kingdom of Judah.: in restraining him. His anger was un - V. 4. That which was right. The; reueornible. Censer. Before the exile Hebrew word -for right seems origin-; the censee was simple- a pan or shovel ;Illy to have meant "straight." Thus in which the incense was mixed with Ps. 23:3 speaks of "paths of rightea live coals; after the exile ti e. incenee eusnes.s"-straight paths -and Jesus was burneel on the golden anal. and speaks of the Izarrow way which leads the ceneer was used to earry coaN to the Ftratght gate, Meth 7: 14. In '. from the reat altar to the altar of the sight of the Lord. Judged hee Weenie. The leprosy , . rose up. God's Ftantiard trzziall did what was . The unapt -6111d men who irghlied with right in his early years. sacred duties was fregecatly stileken V. 5. He sought God. 'To seek:on the spot. God," ie a frequent term in the Old; V. 20. They Direst him out. The 'Testament. It may mean: (1 1 totense:presence of7 a leper, a per -an who wa.i alit Goa through those who ordinarily coneatered eeremenielly unelean, l reveal his will; (2) to Feel; him in, would defile the temple. "He enterA prayer tent worehip; (2) to mate an, as a priett and he left as a leper," effort to obey bis will and to practiee; V. •SI. Dwelt in a severel Innate, a righteous life. The direetien of , Leproey wae the most feerel hecause Tizeiah's life was set towar is Goa. ,i wee the most loatlreine fli•-enge of la the days of Zecherieh. Zeehartah, : the ; neient Eat. To prevent eon. not mentiovea elsewbere, was a amp- : tagion, the leper was requirea he live het who:ee influenee over Uzzleh in his an isinatea life. Ilaziah may hsive early years was for good. ruder.; heel, allowed to remain in hie pentee standing in . . visions. Revelation but he would always iv in gee? 'wale. frequertly came to the prophets Jotham his on, etc. Si:he IThei -5 wes through vns. (See Ise. 1; 1. Joe' forced to retire from his kinely dutlee, , 1: 11-13; Er.e/:. ch. 1. Zetheiriali toW .Ththani exereieel tne reeentoy entil only receivel vision; but he was able I. zzleire Jeath. te interpret them eorreetly. As long' hetet ,h minieter VI* r.rirly WI a yen- Amnieatien, as he sought e , God. It might be: „ said that the book of Cheataielee was: hlar't":...' at' Pra'lletitv 1 LI" written to prove the traith of this e paenel , 4 1 ; thesis. Eaele k.ing's reigli i, tr.rv. a 1.11T- :.':" neeentlr, "ana '14 in review and it is :iiroval that the riqln '" " A " la time avh known •a getel nanny who seeke. God proeeete; the man lea° men uhleriY eirele 1 ley meager e• I forsekes Idm is un .t have tteme to 1,0eve that few mea eau _ ..„ . t.. It'zedalt •is depleted as a men of 11,7'4"'' 14 ril*f.';54"'IS :4E1 "1"i" !Ina*" ' verFatile ahility who useil his great 'ale*" „at v,'"' ite'rf'-'r " "1"%e's "I g 'yet gifts, to the t.teentt.thenine.. of his icing. 1%.01.r.t7e tdrti .-.4q--,e ^:4 *.trOV arrab,E;3; era' condueting victorieas campaigne mit .t.'f, Ille 4114 5°.'"''1.'7" r-11 I."?' i'" 411" dom. (1 ) He et:ZIA a FIVC”',04,:ini gre.Z. :nal e till "Telee the weed neva, :Net againd hie enemiee an 1 rxtentling the rCgm-i,"; 1,9 tha: raT11 It'll ' L s'.. will se:g- ha 1 •a •ehrewd eye for v. mmeeeial Oil.. bqre -es. of his Pole ye 5.8 (..-2) II, er," rev:Ivrea. ane i ':5 .', 2,:o re a .,. verity nre very eeteenn„a Seizing etea e, a stratega, The Rulpilily a ilwiep )tr,, tro,. with the mall ta- 1 east. v. 2 (3) eatarre. 00, W1tO i naraeteri,tie laiee. pert mi the Red Sea. he opeatel tin yih," P,hh:iirs..11'''.thltd wile mole e Realizing its •importanne 174 the pree- i117.Y• Ny"' averwl"4"4" e::th " "' neri", of 00 land int wok. „ h:een int (a' his respeneihility teal seent mana tereA in ni!..eietedort. and devise:1 a. anxious thys in prayer. Then ne -ant way for •ireigating the land, vs. 9-10. f(P. 1, eerY de"r frill" ""1 "i'l ri/ (.6. ne u.88 an eirieient. organizer, him, If you ever thiek dint Me me- . ,. nn n sound 1.41sia tion is malting any ilifference- in me; if mut etrengthening the aefenees of the I'm ever see anY 5411'11 "t 1.'61 r putting the army want vou to tell me at ono. ' That 100 m. , really great man was errant lest like i • Inzeiah, his heart might lie lifted np ; II. UzzialiSs Presumption, 15-18. , V, 15. Engine% etc. This engine, to hi: deetructiell. ; ' ! wbatever its nature, was apparently. Leads to Egotism -During the last iset oa the walls of Jerilealem ani was few years a great many 'etneettes" capable of beating bark an invading books have been written vnhich gen- army.. He was xnarvellously lielped„ erally contain account.; of how boys, etc. This searches Uzziah's downfall, starting with little or rtabing, have . have noticed that this is oftener neg- lected than eared for, consequently these neglected roadsides are growing up to ragweeils„ docks, thistles, ete. Perhaps in a few years the June grass will get a good start and crowd these weeds out and make a decent looking roadside, but at that think of the work without pay that we have been doing keeping these weedz down and of the weed seed that has been distributed about, also think of the poor advertis- ing this eavelessnese has given our farm. Seven years ago last fall such a road was built along the farm that now be- longs to the writer of this article. The next spring the then owner of the farm disced and dragged his side of the road into a very finely pulverized condition and sowed it to alfalfa sow- ing with it a small amount of oats for a nurse -crop. When the alfalfa had a good start the crate was mowed down. The owner cut one cutting of alfalfa later on in that season. The writer purchased the farm and moved into it that winter and for the past five years has cut three cuttings of alfalfa a year along his side of the road while on the opposite side of the read there has been continued fight against the weeds without -any suita- ble reward for labor expended. There is no other grass that makes as beautiful r, roadeide as the alfalfa when it is in blossom or aibout a week after it has been cut when the next crop is just getting started. The writer feels that if he had not enured. the three-fourths to a ton a year extra of hay above what he other- wiee would have had, that the looks of the roadsides along his farm com- pared to a great many stretches of roadsides in his county would have been big pay for all the seed and time expended in making the roadside beau- tiful. -M. G. 13ritish minces and princesses may not marry before the age of twenty- five without the King's consent; if over twenty-five, they may merry by giving notice twelve months before- hand to the Privy Council, unless Par- liament deeidce against the proposed match. a to as roots. Prosperity prove41 his un -i achieved distinction m various fields. doing.; Thousands of magazine articles have V.. 10. His heart was lifted up. He been written along the same line. A became proud, arrogant and self-sufe keen observer Of men wrote recently, fieient. Into thetemple to burn in- "So-ealled selfneede men are the inost cense, The burning af ineease was a:objeetiouable men I know, They be- . eaered rite and noue but a. priestwas t come so egotistic that they attribute in Drams Permanent qualified to perform it (see Ex. 30; 1- their ELICCOSS entirely to extraordinary 10; Num. la: 401. Inzeitill'e inflated flbility which is very rarely true." There is no farm improvement to w hich the adage, "A ehain 15 no stronger than its weakest link," is more applicable than to a system of tile -drainage. The links in this ehain are four in number. They are be sequenee. 1. Planning the system. 2. Selection of tile to be used. 3. Construction of the system. 4. Maintenance. No drainage system will function long unless proper consideration is given to each. A failure in any sys- tem of drainage can always be traced to a weakness in one or more of these links. In planning a drainage system it not infrequently happens that soil and subsoil conditions are not care- fully studied when the depth and fre- quency of drains are being determin- ed. As a -result tile may be laid no deep, as has been done in several eas- es of which the writer has personal knowledge, that water cannot get do-ven to them because of an impervi- ous layer of sub -soil, above them. The result is little or no drainage. More frequently, however, tile are not plac- ed deep enough, with the result that little or no drainage is obtained over a considerable area between drains-. No tile -drain is stronger than its weakest tile. A farmer intheeastern part of Ontario was obliged, last spring, to replace two carloads of soft clay tile whp had broken down com- pletely -within a period of a few years after being installed. Numerous in- stances could be given of concrete tile having deteriorated to such an extent that nothing but a gray-, .gravelly resi- due indicated where they lead been. It is poor economy to consider cost be- fore quality when purchasing tile. The cheapest tile may be the most expen- sive in the end, and likewise the coat - nest tile, the least expensive. No one would think of 'Wilding a good barn on a foundation made of material whose strength is questionable, and yet many farmers don't hesitate to use tile that shows signs of being weak, in an equally expensive ,drainage sys- tem. The efficiencytof a drainage system is frequently impaired 01 entirely de- etroyed beceuse proper precautione were not taken during its construction. Often the tile are not laid to a true grade. Carelessness in grading results in humps and dips 114 the drains and a consequent reduction in their water- earrying tapacity. If these faults are pronounced enough the tile will event- If a new piece of ground is to be ually become filled with silt, Allowing opened, as soon as the frost is out the walls of the trenches to cave in locate a stake at each of the four cor- before covering or priming the tile ners and begin the removal of the often raises them above the required .sod. Be very eareful to shake the sods grade, and may cause gaps of an inch out thoroughly over the plot. The or more between adjoining tile through roots hold a considerable quantity oe which sal can enter readily. Faultily rich earth, and to take this away from constructed and poorly protected out- the plot is like taking the cream away lets are among the other sources of from milk. trouble that might be mentioned. The After removing the spa, loosen the otly way to insure against improper soil to the depth of several inches with construction is to have the work done a garden fork. This does not mean by a reliable, experienced contractor that the soil is to be turned under. who places quelity • of work above The fork should be inserted as fax as quantity. A tile -drainage system it will go, and the handle depressed should be a permanent improvement. as one would do if the soil -were to be Economy .demands that every reason- lifted. This done, remove the fork and able precaution be Imeen in its con- insert in a. new place. Go over the whole plot this way. This will open up the soil to a -depth of several inches, allowing both air and water to enter freely. A top -dressing is next in order. This should be one or two inches in depth, and is preferably of cowma- nure, whieh may be used either. "green" -or 'well rotted. If .cow manure is not available, horse manure may be used, but it must be well rotted. Sheep or hen manure may also be used, but these are highly nitrogenous and THE OUTDOOR FLOWER -GARDEN struction. Proper maintenance and care are essential to the continued operation of a -drainage system It is hard to con- ceive ef any neglect that is more cost- ly than that of failing to periodically inspect and clean out catch -basins, and to keep the outlet open and well pro- tected against the entranee of :rats, skunks, and veotaciehucks, who look upon them as homes built especially for their benefit. A -ease in which a skunk worked its way into a draM so far that it -eound neither go ahead nor should be appliedvery spariney. It back, was recently brought to our -at- is better to apply these in the fall. tention. This (train was completely The top -dressing may be left on until clogged. Considerable labor and drain- the e.oil becomes warm enough for age to crops might have b.een avoided, planting, when it ehould be turned had -the outlet been given the proper under to the depth oa two or three attention. inches, Any farmer who contemplates in- The ideal time to prepare a new plot stalling a tile drainage system can in- is in the fall. The preparation is as spre its economy and efficiency by hay- oublined above, the coat of dressing being applied eanly enough so that one or two good rains may wash e portion of it into the soil before the ground finally closes up. The follow- ing spring the top -dressing may be used under the beds instead of being turned in, as .the fall and spring rains will have wa-shed a valuable part of it into the soil. mg the plan made by an experienced drainage engineer; by using none but tile of known strength and durability; by employing the most advanced methods of ecratructioe; and by giv- ing it the attention it should have, after completion. Here, as elsewhere, "an ounre of prevention is worth a , pour.d ef UM." Garden plots already in use should 1 be elearea of debris after the pleats ; have been killed by full frosts. The soil is then loosened and a top -dress- ; . mg applied as for a new piece. If this ; work is delayed until spring, the old plant tops should be removed as soon as uncovered by the snow. The dress- ing should then be put on while the ground is still frozen. Spring raine will earry a portion of it into the soil as it thaws, though the amount will be less than when a fall application is made. As soon as the fro-st is out, spade the plot over and turn the top - dressing under two or three inches.. There is Safety in Diversity. There is no get -rich -quick crop. A young farmer should coneider this feet seriously. Any one -crop system is a speculation and few men gain by such risks ahvays. It is the careful busi- ness man that avoids speculation, who succeeds at last. The same -principle is true in farm- ing. The farmer who raises enough corn and hay for his stoek; keeps cows for milk end better; raises his owe meat and weak stock; grows potatoes and truck traps; helps his wife and children with the chickens, ducks and , turkeys; keeps a few hives of bees and a small Orchard; plants peas and pumpkins in a corn field, -and raises turnips, -cabbage and beans before he turns his attention to a money crop, may live and be able to buy school books, school shoes, clothing and Christmas tees, and pay his taxes. Cottle and hogs pay better profits than grain crops. Fat •eatine are al- ways in demand at some cash value, aati hogs multiply faster than other farm animals if you use serum to pro- tect 'them against hog cholera. Cattle and hogs ere not perishable like veget- ation, and they are always salable, anil you may keep them until you reelize a fair price. Stock on a farm furnish manure -and save fertilizer biles. Plenty of ani- mals and clever Oil 8:41111, with ,corn, grain, hay and vegetables to, fatten them, and manure 'saved and used will fertilizethe soil, grew better eros and increase the \,alue of the land.