HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Exeter Advocate, 1921-12-8, Page 6Manure and Fertilizer.
For eleven years at the chief ex-
perimental farm a the country, ex-
periments have beerconducted to
ascertain the value of farmyard ma-
nure and eommercial ferttlizere. Ap-
plications a thee inetenals were
given to a four-year rotation of man -
gels, oats, clover hay aed timothe
"tierces cerrimunications to Aoreniimise es Aitelaitin st, west. Torontei
the ite, hay, and comparison made with sued -
How I Manage My Flock. worth 228.04, set 796 eggs ia
Recant -keeping and culling , cubators and batched 462; consumed ler laud that received neither manure
are two
nor fertilizer, The manure was ap-
essentials of the poultry business' Poultry worth $33, eggs worth $41.83
plied to the mangel crop at the rate
which farmers are beeinning to are' and showed a gain of ss025 in, inven-
preciate. We have found in our ex -d to, a total income o 8.74 To bof 15 tons per acre, As e regards cone
NNie,eegiaalppfeuretdili,Lei;s,actroatlhoe'onlbazguelitcrroatep
perienee with a smelt utility flock on! charged against that Was el.93.97yefoal:
our farm that if it is to be profitableJ feed, leaving n net return that
oft soda, 300 lbs. superphosphate and
the floek intist be handled on busiuess! of $454.77. Included, in the feed 75 lbs. cost,
rnuriate of potash. Each of
principles. i however, is the feed of 27 guineas, We
the other crops in the rotation, re -
To make egg production pay there' ue and have sold them. We fef4guineas a questionable side is.
ceived 100 lbshe experiment was continued with
. of nitrate of potash.
must be winter eggs, and to get wire: smust' ,r
average
ter eggs one must have warm quar-1 add to all feed costs the item a labote
e quantity of each being used. The
neixed manure and fertilizers, one-half
tars and a healthy, active flock. A I and damage of a free range t
flock tce
roomy serat:h shed is a necessity. i grain crops. The returns are certain-. it
eiear ly yield per acre a tomti-
t ly worth the expenditure of labor and,
gels on unmanured land for the five
Our shed faces southwith oor
s, tlay-
, money. Overhead expellees in build-!
, fl
3,.ears, extending from 1916 to 1920,
pace 1Ox25 feetIt adjoins he
. It has in -
g
, elaborate ut:,
need not and must not be larte,i
l
was tons on the manured and, of rather
as within a fraction of 13 toes, of
ing and, roosting apartmentsOur buildings are not
a. dirt floor and the front has no wn-
i, they are 'comfortable. INre hO.Pe thiS * 742
a. imoreth
. than 22 tons on e land that
dows but is covered with poutryret- : winter to provide new quarters, 25i:eyed both manure and. fertilizer.
ting, on which a canvas is hung that:semi-open front, square house, 20x.20
oats the average yield per eat p
weather. hi 1 feet. This will house 100 fowls arut ul per
may be dosed in cold or storm
We use two ineubatore for hatehing., them. fertilized 54.3 bushels, and of mantra
;
Will° we cannot say that our pereen-i
'additions may be added as we needl aere the Are Years was, untrianur-
; ed 47.3 bushels menured 59 bushels
and fertilizer 57.5 bushels. Of dove
t; ii s of hatch is higher than by set- e Hints on. Turkey Rearmghey the yearly 0VerAge yield per acre
tine hens, we find the incubator mutes! It is a regrettable fact that the • was, unmanured 2,5 tone, mamma 4,5
hiss trouble. The ttvo incubatore run. turkeys raised during the last few tons, fertilized 4,4 tons, awl tif 'me-
in a dry eellar, one a hot-air and the,
years have rather deteriorated both nure and fertilizer also 4.4 tons. Tim -
other a hot-water machine. The per- d in quality and numbers. The greater othy hay was not completed in the
eentage of hateli is the same withi part of all failures that occur in the
, same manner. The all important point
each. We will say that aside from! business is due to inbreeding ane, is that the yields of mange's and oats
following the ircubaler maker's di -1 eareless selection of turitisys for were greatly increased by the use of
revieers. there is nothiug of sueh ine; breedieg purposes, which includes the either farm manure or fertilizer sep-
por.tnee M seenring a good hatch as i
; practice of killing the largest and arately er in part together. These
basiMg eggs from a healthy, active , best specimens for market, and keep- increases, although riot exactly pro -
flock. Strong, fertile germs hath i jug the culls for breeders. The result portionate each year, 1918 being the
well under conditions that kill the is a lack of vitality in the Young best, ran from 100 per centupwards.
weaker germs, After hatching, we turkeys which means the failure of a Clover hay varied, and although the
keep the chick dry and warm. This large proportion to grow to maturity. fifth year yield exceeded that of the
seeras to help prevent white diarr- ' There are two general methods of fourth year by nearly 70 per cent.,
hoe.% so fatal to young ehickens. 1 inaintaining and inereasieg vitality in the Arst year's yield was the best a
We also use a small brooder house, , a fleets of turkeys. One is by the con- all.
about 8x16 feet, facing south. It will, tmual introduetion a new blood mto
}use a surprisn,g number of small ! the fleck and. the other is by the se-
-el:leis. lection of the best specimens inthe
Our first eulling was done two ye,ars flock ter Li eetling purposee. The best
ago this fail. Out of 105 hens, thirty results are obtained by a combination
Field Husbandry Methods.
rt is worthy of note that the soil
of the Dominion Experimental Farm
rotation experiments A three-year
rotation bf 'date, hay slia eusilage
corn has been followed on an Area of
about 120 acres, Manure was applied
for the corn at the rate of 18 tone per
acre, but the average rate a manure ,
to all the rotations did n'ot exceed six
THE SUNDAY SCHOOL
DECEMBER 11
tons per acre, In order that a fair , t-., -
a Friend, Philemon 8.21. Golien Text -
of production and the resultaat pro-
fit, the rent of the land in the variousLeson Setting -The Epistle of Poth master and slaye were bound. to
tables given. is placed at a high rate,
Philemon was written ley Paul from serve Paul. Without thy mi, eto.
to wit 425 per acre at, 7 per cent,
The average yield of oats per year for gebsaell
Rome, during his first unprisonmen , Paul shews the utmost respect for
Ytoabgitil A -D. 02' It l‘'zis ad-
rtielaelizferseetdhoarlit e.o
of-cetclheserviinacievisthieaolAterry4
five years under the system employed,
that is from 1916 te 1920 inolusiv'e, Carossae, an anecnieanIlt Atvresoilenli iat
s to the genius of Christianity,
was 60 bushels per acre, the price 72c -Minor in the Roman Prate of Asia,Vs. 15, 16. Perhaps he was , . de -
per bushel, and the profit $22.57 per where there was a chure , to wince,parted. Paul uses a mild word to de.
acre. The profit in 1920 was much Paul eant the letter, Epistle to the scribe the conduct of Oeesimus. He
does not say, as he might truthfully
Solossians at the same time as the
have said `'ran away," Shouidest re -
which had risen from '2.1e per hour in'
reduced owing to the cost of labor
Epietle to Philemon, Along with
ceive him for ever, As a sieve, Phile1916 to 40c -leer
p . 2 . H y (Velem= are mentioned, in the ad -
mon could, possess Onesimus only "for
eusss of the letter, A.pplita, and Areh-
was the most profitable crop for file i
lpepspe4r,:i ably hisi son and his wife a season"as a Christian brother his
Not - . as
being 8.3 tons, the cost per acre being' was written on elm f of is SieVe: IN
Ave years, the as yield per acre eb etter o bis
relation. witah abeirTanwtou(1_17 eetresnaI;
821.70, the vice per ton e16.70 and, Onesimus, whom Paul somehow had bond servant") but _ a (Rev
lees
the profit per acre $35,60, Hay poste met and WOO to the Chrietian faith, loved, In the eyes a the world he
at tee apostle's bidding, would still be a slays, but his relations
sesses the virtue of requiring the least; and who now,
produ c e of any:was returning to the Master whom he toe his meeter would be ehanged. "In
expenditure per acre to i had g y , d the flesh, as it has been said,
corn was 15.3 tons, the cost $52.95 and,
' only surviving specimen of the his brother," Specially to me. One
"Phila_
of the farm crops. Tim average yield" theft "The lettert" says Dr. David. mon has the brother for his slave; in
per acre for the Ave years of ensilage:Smith, "has a peculiar interest as the the Lord, Philemon has the slave for
the profit $29.77, Prices of both hay i apostle's private correspondence; and simus had become very dear to Paul.
Much more unto thee; beeeuse be is
your property. There is a hint that
the property relation involves more
than mere ovuership and receiving of
service. Ownership should be a basie
for Christian fraternity and its me -
teal ministeries. In the fleeh, and In
Matt. 20: 27 (Rev. Ver.)
and corn were up in 1920. There vas It well deeerves a place M the sacred.
loss on mongossee 825.98 per aeree cation." Remus estimate Of it AS "a
little masterpiece" is fully justified by
the average yield being 22 tons audi
the averege cost $70,47. In 1920 the"ta earnestness, test and eliene. It
comee from tile heart and ieri of a
lass was only $16.67 per acre, as com- perfect Christian gentlemen.
pared with $39.62 in 1917.
In summing em, the Dominion BUS, L The Prisouer, 8, 9. the Lord. All human relationehips
bandman says that the most impors V, 8. "After honest and affectionate are sanctiaed through union ill Christ.
toast deduction te be made from the Praise of Philemon (vs. 1,7). the
Tet0ti00,9 IS that, with the eecessary a,postie now aipproachee the main topic
RI, . The Pledge. 1741.
appli on of manure, heavy yields oe of his letter,' Wherefore; because of Vs. 17-19. Countest me . . a partner
"cati the good which Paul has heard about (Bev. Ver.); a comrade, a sharer in ,
crops can, easily be maintained, The Philemon; he must live up to bis repu- Christian blessings. All claim to
report also contains treatises on farm tau". All boldness in Christ (Rev. apostolic authority is laid aside, and
manure and commercial fertilizers. Ver.). Paul is careful not to claim Paul places himself besides Philemon
----4, any authority for himself. The only as a brother. As myself. AR that you
Testing the Age of Eggs, authority he easeesses, miles frotn would do for me, do that for him.
Fill a tumbler two-thirds full of Christ. To el13011t thee; "to command If he bud wronged thee; as Paul well
thee," as one oecupying an official pot knew he bad, but again, as in v. 15,
water and then place
laid egg and it evRI sink to the bet -
in It a newlY" sition, might issue orders to those mild language is used. Oweth thee
under him. That which is eotivenient. might. The biunt word "stolen" is
tons of the glass. The egg is compete- The Greek trintelated "convenient"' , avoided, Put that on mine aecount; '
ed largely of water, and therefore is means printariln "baving arrived at" a half playful assumption of lawyer.
heaviest while it is fresh. The older or "reached," It then comes to mean.like Phraseology" (Maclaren). Paul
count of the water evaporating from V, 9. Yet for love's sake; Paul's4 eilladrgne9441141ngthtaiet hiPntilaeZmilrZttaligYd
could not have paid it, bad it been so
the egg, the lighter it becomes on ac- "fulfilling a moral obligation."
the white of the egg, villa. causes love to Philemon and Philemon's to c
barged, I Paul. The use of his own
were thrown &tut me norelayers. We of these tWO MetbOtIS. Too much aew at Ottawa originally was of poor qual- the empty space at the thick end of Paul, and, beyond that. the love that
neme carries the weight of a binding
links all Christime souls to one an-,
here tht se twe fleeks sepo.rated mid blood cannot be introduced into the ity, Now it :s rich and •ylelvla plenti. tbe egg to become enlarged. Hence,
other. and binds them signature. Mine own all to Christ . ..2 hand. 90 that
ir a reeled of ten eavs we did not get Hoek, provided it is of good gualitn and the Farm ha become an at three weeks of age the egg will T Js the principle that should rule , ll
wouie oe uInnoly iresponsiole. I
wirepay it. like manner Christ
a single egg frein he flock of thirty and from the same variety. A.bove all object lesson of 'what can be aceom-
wheel were culieti out of the flock. things, immature turkey hens ehould, plished by correct eultural methods
The other 75 hens laid an average of never be selected for the production; The land is tile -drained and -well ma -
:35 eggs per day during those ten des's. of eggs for hatching. Hens two years mired. The report of the Dominion
That svas our first lesson in culling eld or older, of good average size for: Field Husbandman covering the twelve
and we lull regularly now as we see the variety to which they belong, will months ending March 31, 1921, gives
cafny' lay eggs that will hatch out much insight into what is being done in
lean in the water. When three months
aid it will stand perfectly straight,
with pointed end of the egg barely
touching the bottom of the glass. The
larger the empty space becomes the
more the egg will rise in the water,
until finally it reaches the surface.
that we annot ford to keep a
the Christian in all Ids dealinge.
takes upon Himself all our debt. Thou
. . beseech thee. This is the Ian- owes. t unto me. Philemon's debt to
gunge of love. It entreats, and dces
one: Peul was infinitely greater than retire
eat command. Being such an to Philemon.
that is, one who beseeshes, Paul the
Vs. 20, 21. Yea, brother; an affect I
aged; Rev. Ver, Margin, "an arabas-
pew tionate appenl. Let me have Joy.
sador." If this is the meaning, "May I have profit of thee," ono might
;would appear as one with the eight
to command in the name of Christi, tra:slAtaey. oTulietbGereneakraeavourt tures"itog
his exhortation would. therefore, have
greater weight with Philemon. Also (see on v. 11). Refresh my heart.
(Rev. Ver.). This points back to v. 7.
a prisoner; perhaps a hint that his
own position was net much different Wiint Onesimus has done for others
he will surely do for Paul. In the
from that of the one on whose behalf
Lord. Both are his disciples and ser.
be was pleading. Paul deeires Phile- rants; therefore one should be willing
mon to take back the runaway slave." to show any possible kindness to the
It is as if he said: "If you hesitate to
take him back because you ought, will, other. Confidence in thy obedience;
YOU take him back because I ask you? . obedience not to any imperious earn -
And before you answer that question,' mand, but to a loving exhortation. n
is 'when we trust others that they will
will you remember my nee, and what
do most for us. More than I say. It
I am bearing for the Master?' (Mac-
laren). may well be that Paul had eo mind
that Philemon would eet Onesimue
IL The Plea, 10-16. 'free from slavery, though he says no
I word against slavery, But he has been
Vs. 10, 11. My son (Rev. Ver.
"child") Onesimus. Paul seeks to dist!' laYIng down principles that make
own Philemon's anger at the slave,' slavery impossible. If one is a brother
who had -wronged him, by tenderlY he can no longer be a slave. So, to
describing Oneeiraus as hie own child. take another example the teaching of
Whom I have begotten; ewon to the Christianity has done much to make
Christian faith. The jewish Talmud the prohibition of the liquor -traffic
iast year of $688.32 from our flock.: usually be in October. They will take only the good tlhiiin,gs indat farm fseveraal there are some disadvanta es to such
g says: "If one teaches the s
away. T con. ition o min a location as well as the advantages. inevitable.
Against this should be charged the' on flesh then more rapidly if the nilles
loafers in our flock. stronger', better poults than can be se--
We have kept severnl accurate re -e obtained from hens one year old or
cords of our flock for several years, younger. The eggs can be hatched in
including feed cost. However, last, incubators or by hens, but as a gen-
year we did not keep an account of eral rule the poulta do better if brood -
the cost of feed since moat of it was ed by the turkey hens. Poults will
grown on the farm. and since we , thrive well if given the same care and-
fl
gured that the eggs and poultry we attention that is required for the best
consumed on our own table more than development of young chicks; when.
offset the value of the feed. : old enough they should have almost
Our laying flock for the year aver- e unlimited range of pasture or wood -
aged 95 bens and pullets and the aver- land. They should be fed in the
age egg production per hen was 144' morning before they are allowed to
eggs. Total egg production was 1,144 wander away, and a liberal supply in
dozen, of which we sold 941 dozen at , the evening given to teach them to
an average price of 41,3 cents or for; return regularly to their roosting
3388.83. Poultry sold brought $116.78. quarters. Turkeys require a plentiful
We figured the eggv, consumed at supply of fresh water at all times.
347.46 and poultry consumed at 00j The feeding of turkeys for market
With a gain in inventory of $85.25 should commence as soon as the cold
this for the year, is gave as an income: weather begins m the fall, which will
The Choosing of a Farm Home
There Are Certain Essentials to Look for When Selecting a
Farm Home -By R. G. Kirby.
Many of the most discouraging rais- or four visits from travelers who wish
takes in the farming business are the to call up the garage or borrow a
pump, tire patch, quart of gas, galion
of engine oil, etc. I know some farm-
ers on main Toads who sometimes wise,
their farms were a little more seclud-
ed, possibly on a good side road about
a quarter of a mile front the main
line of traffic. I write this to empha-
size that a very nice farm home can
be built up on the side road. it does
not have to be on the main line as
result of buying farms without due
investigation of their merits. A rnan
can always see tertain things about
his own farm which he will miss in
another farm. Association with his -
business brings out its weak points.
If a farmer becomes discouraged he
will magnify all the bad points of his
faras and nt tbe sarnetime see
cost of the feed, or we should deduct' range can be limited somewhat more
the credit for eggs and poultry con- i than during the growing period.
sumed which we figure offsets the A ration tonsisting of equal parts
feed value. Deducting these credits' of finely ground oats, cornmeal and•
tn offset feed value our flock last year ' mm
middlings, mixed into a crumbly ass
eetted us $590.86. i with boiling hot water or milk and
l'n 1918 we kept an securate reeord„? fed while a little warm, is excellent
Me:riding cost of feed. That year we, for fattening for market. All turkeys
had an average of 105 hens through- d intended for breeding purposes should'
out the year and they laid an average have been selected and separated from
of 124 eggs each. This production was, the fattening birds before commencing
not up to the 1919 average of 144 eggs ' the fattening rations for the latter.
but it must be remembered that it The advantage of keeping but one'
was net until late in 1918 that we variety of turkeys on a farm is that
I
began culling our flock. We sold eggs a more uniform grade can always be
worth $315.62 thet year, poultry produced for market.
on 9 is
neighbor the Law, the Scripture, , Application.
frequently leads to -quick •changes that Church and School. reckons this the same as a he hadl The epistle of Philemon reveals In
neither benefit the mental condition A farm near good churches and begotten him." Unprofitable . . profit-; a clear light the characteristic atti-
of the business farmer or his pocket- schools has an added value. The fam_ able; a play on the meaning of One- tude of Christianity to social ques-
W
book. From experience O ' have "Helpful" or "Profitable." --I tions. Although St Paul requests his
1 f thethingsthat 't ily with small children may buy a ! simus,
farm far from the school and then
beseech thee for Profits:hie, who was friend to take back this slveand
pays to consider when buying a farm.
Trace the fences dear around the
farm and note the condition of the
wire and the posts. If repairs are
needed, jot down their approximate
cost. It is very exaeperating trying
to manage a stock farm without ade-
quate fencing. Farmers who try it
are constantly an their mettle trying
to keep cows and hogs out of crops
and beside the nerve-racking exper-
ience there is usually a lot of de-
struction unless good fences are built
soon after moving to the farm.
The water supply is very important
to the health of the family and a
steady supply is needed for the stock.
If the farm has a shallow dug well
that goes dry every summer it pays
to know that fact before buying the
land. It costs a lot of money to drive
a deep well at present prices and dur-
ing the hot summer months the eattle
on this dean bed. Cows have been need a lot of water and a good well
The philosophy of the model covs
stedl is to furnish the cow with a
clean bed to lie on and compel her to
lie on it. The grain and ensilage man-
ger is on a level with the floor of the
• stall, twenty. inches above that the
hay or roughage manger begins, that
is only six inches wide at the bottom,
the side next to the elley being board-
ed up tight while the side next to the
stable slants back at an angle of
forty-five degrees and is made of four -
inch cleats put on four inches apart.
The bottom of this hay manger is a,
2x4 or a 2x6 and the slats are nailed
to this. The real important feature
a the stall is a 2x4 placed edgewise
across the stall just in front of the
cow's hind feet, which forms the back
part of the bed for the cow to lie on,
the cement manger furnishing the
front part. This is to be filled with
sawdust or dry earth or straw. To
determine where this 24 should be
placed, watch the cow place her hind
feet when she is eating grain out of
the lower manger, The 2x4should
be placed just in feozt of her hind
feet, therefore the cow cannot get
her feet onto her bed. When she is
eating hay, the slanting reels compels
her to step back and the droppings are
deposited far enough beyond so that
she does not soil her feet. When she
wants to lie down, she has tie step
up and lie on this bed or dee she
mug lie right across this 2x4. Now
and then them is a cow that you really
have to eduoate to go to bed, but only
a email percentage of them, as 4 is
nothing for a cow to step slightly
ahead when she goes to lie down.
The cow can be tied with a chain
around her neck stapled to one side
of the tall, or she can be tied with a
halter fastened to the manger. This
makes little difference. You can give
her liberty to back up and take as
much exercise as the stall will permit,
but when she lies down she must lie
kept continually in the same stall the i
year around withoet having their ud-
s an important asset in the business,
der or side or flanks soiled a particle Roofs Are Important.
by the filth of the stable. Note the roofs on the buildings.
Many old farms have buildings.
Sheep Keep Orchard Bearing, shingled fifey years ago with a grade
For more than half a century Otis of shingles which were very fine. Bet
Fuller lived on a hill ferns in Southern they are of -ten in worse condition than
Central New York. The soil
of his they look and you cannot tell how
farm was clay loam, and naturally not many leaks -are present unless you
very dry. He laid underdraine through visit the buildings on a very piny
f
piece of about two acres in extent day. And real estate men or the
and planted ito apple trees.
The convenier,ee of themselves and pe.s-
t
trees bore fruit
regale-elY for fifty sengers are apt to Make most of their
years.
trips on sunny days. The first week
In all that time he used no other after buying our farm we had to buy
ve
fertilize): thairthat which came from nteen thousanol shingles for the
se
his flock of sheep which was pastured house, as a long hard ram followed
by a
there year P, er year. In the fall of careful inspection of the roof
the year, after the applee had
been proved that those shingles were need -
gathered, and again in the spring
ed right away instead of in a year or
until the fruit began to he well devel- two as we had figured on a sunny clay.
oped, he kept the sheep in that field. A good road is a business asset,
Sometirnes.he had aS many as twente- especially during the winter and on
five or thirty sheep there at a time. rainy daYs ,villen a fanner Gall leave
The orchard was left in etatt, being his work occasionally. Of couese, it is
plowed. only rarely. , useful in marketing at alleseasons. If
It would seem from this that sheep you are on a main road it brings
marture is a good fertilizer for orch- chances to sell produce at the door.
aeds. The only disadvantage of a.main road
Sheep can not snide he Pastured in I is the amount of trafftc at
night. This
a Ventle; in -shard withoet tree Tine is sometimes a nuisance when you are
teen:its. j tired and wisb to sleep etnd have three
aforebme unprofitable, but now is treat him as a Christian brother, he
profitable. , has no single word to say in condemn -
Vs. 12-14. Whom I have sent again. ation of slavery as an institution.
It was not Paul's business to inter- ' Why did he not condemn this slavery
fere between master and slave. It j. business? Because the time was not
clear that Onesimes was himself the; ripe. So deeply rooted was the in -
bearer of the letter to Philemon. Mine' stitution of slavery in the life of 'he
own bowels; Rev. Ver., "my very. people that any words of condemen-
heart." Paul identifies himself with 'tion would mean nothing. But bt.
Onesimus. Be hind to him, as you , Paul labored to establish a principle
would be kind to me, he says, and and the practice of brotherhood whirli
when masters become truly land in tgretv 'and grew until it sloughed c
heart to their slaves, the root of slay- i slavery as a horrid thing,-sloughei
ery is cut. Would fain have kept, etc.lit off through legislation inspired by
(Rev. Ver.). Paul had work for One- love. All' honor to Wilberforce and
simus to do, and Philemon °eget to others who strove to hasten the day
have been glad to have him do it.' of the Lord!
find that their location is quite a
handicap when the children arrive at
school age. In some sections the con-
solidated schools with their .auto
busses have helped solve the problem
for farmers who do not live within
easy walking distance of a school.
The distance to a good market city
is of great importance. If you sell
truck, small fruit and poultry pro-
ducts you will usually bave better luck
near a good city. If you are to be a
live stock and grain farmer you can
locate on land at a greater distance
and still make money if you have good
luck., The farms near a cityusually
cost 'much more money than more dis-
tant farms. The amount of money
tied up in your land is of greater
importance in determining whether it
is a business success or not.
The basis of a farm is good soil.
You cannot have a few bits analyzed
and know much about the crop -pro-
ducing ability of the farm. It pays
to see the crops on the land you ex-
pect to buy. Than visit with the neigh-
bors and find out whether they are
doing well and if the land in question
is considered good. In a 'few short
visits with the neighbors you will
learn whether you like the section or
not. It means a lot to like the neigh-
bors. Your best and dearest friends
may live one hundred railes•away but
the neighbors down the road will be
closest to you nearly all the time and
handiest to depend upon if you tumble
off the hay wagon or the barn burns
or the baby is sick or you need heip
at threshing time. And their friendly
visits every few days will mean more
than a couple of hours every other
year spent with the goad friend that
you loved many years ago. "
When eni.ieg at a farm give the
building's a thorough study. Picture
yourself using there day after day_
for three hundred dee sixty-five days
per year. If the arrangement of the
stables seems awkward you might as
well know it first as last. If you have
not the capital for extensive improve -
meets on buildings you must realize
that you ase buying the farm that you
will have to use. -
A Living From Four Acres.
Will you help me form a plan to
get several hundred dollars a year
from a four -acre farm, asks a cor-
espondent.
It takes more than ordinary ability
to get -even a moderate living from a
tract of land so small as this. If the
farm is so situated as to have good
markets near by, we suggest. some-
• thing like the following: One-fourth
acre of strawberries, one acre of vege-
tables of the kinds for which there is
the best local market, which ean only
be determined by a study of these
markets. This leaves two acres on
which to raise feed for a cow. It
would be wise to keep one cow, but
not to attempt to raise the calves.
Sell the cow when she goes dry and
buy a fresh one. One pig and some
twenty-five hens could be fed largely
from waste materials from the Adds
and garden and scraps from the table.
I would divide the two acres for.field
crops into three equal fields and run
a rotation of corn, oats, and clover on
them. 'Fertilize these crops well, us-
ing on corn and oats about 200 pounds
of acid phosphate and seventy-five
pounds of muriate of potash to the
acre. 'Cut the corn and use the fod-
der, along with the ' oat straw and
clover hay, for the cow. The grain --
corn and oats -mance used either for
the cow, the pig, or the chickens. Buy
what other concentrated feed is need-
ed. This plan would keep one man
busy, and ought at least to make a
fair living for a family.
Whitewash Formula.
Slake half a bushel of unslaked
lime with boiling water. Cover dur-
ing the process to keep in the steam.
Strain the liquid through a fine sieve
and add a peck of salt previously :dis-
solved in warm water. Then add three
pounds of ground rice, boiled to a thin
paste and stirred in while hot. Next
add one pound of clear glue dissolved
in cold water hung over a fire. A
half -pound of whiting will give it a
lustre. To the above mixture add five
gallons of hot water- and leave stand-
ing for a few days, covered to keep
out dirt. Applied hat, a pint of this
wash will cover a square yard.
Wonders never cease. An electrical
device has been perfected which will
furnish nitrogen to non -leguminous
crops grown on sandy soil. Not enough
machines have been made to place on
the market. '
"Lady killers" are a new exhibit at
some county fairs. They include the
old-time wash -tub, washboard, broom
and dustpan, saclironecasteron kitchen
stove ccial stove, soapstone heater and
many other pieces of equipment, now
•
out of Sate. Seen together they do
appear to be a heavy lot, quite worthy
of their name, so that the spectator
turns with relief to the accompanying
exhibit of "silent servants," which
wont at the tern of a switch.
rt°