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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Exeter Advocate, 1921-12-1, Page 3Addce icatlons to Api•onelmist, 73 Aaelalds ea West. Toren:* .�•xmrnun BOW T Keel ely Hens Laying When of our purebred White Leghorn Pal - Eggs Are Dear, ' lets laid 21 eggs in 30 days, and several I have found that the secret ee other White Leghorn pullets did al- rnaki:ng the chicken business pay is . most as well, to get hens to lay when prices are. I gather the eggs several times a high, When I first started I found day during cold weather, and any that that the. problem was to get hens to. are frozen or questionable are kept lay in November and December, and for our own use. By delivering our so, far two years I have been giving eggs, and by guaranteeing every one, much thought and attention to our I get the top price. I plan to enlarge hens during these two months. This , my plant until T can market at least extra effort has been decidedly profit-, a case of eggs a week the year round. fel but this yearhave: getting .hobby and recreation; I hope to make , I been a tt g, eggs which bring a premium of five it a large, well -paying business. cents the dozen above market price. I In the twelve months of 1920 my My plan is to raise early pullets, little flock of 60 early pullets and eulling the flock carefully during young hens laid 10,806 eggs. This is November. When I find a hen or how my account sheet looks; pullet with close, tight pelvic bones, Sales -73$1/2 doz. eggs at 48.1-3e a small dry vent, long toe nails, and • $356,94 dull comb—all hallmarlk of a poor Used -162 doz. eggs at'48 1-3e 7830 layer—that hen is branded for market Sold -10 fries . ... . ..... . . . 10.4. by putting a piece of red worsted on used -1Q fries at $1.00 10.00 her leg. During the holiday season is g A good time to get rid of these loafer i Total $455,72 hens, as there is a demand for them In addition to the above total of then at a good price. $455.72, I had left a well -culled flock Selling ' p Ifaayk0°4. � �� � 1 What Not toDa When Trapping Ration's for growing pigs, fattening hags, young sows, old sows, growing boars and mature boars are given in the following paragraphs. These ra- tions are used by leading swine raisers: Growing pigs: Corn one, skim -milk two to four parts by weight. Corn five to seven, middlings one, tankage one, Corn four to six, ground oats two, middlings or ground rye two, tankage ane, Corn full fed, four pound tankage a pig daily. Q Corn, tankage, and middlings or eats in self -feeder. Good forage should be used with the above rations when possible. When on good pasture, two. or three pounds of corn per 100 pounds of pigs should give gains of from one-third to three- quarter pounds a pig daily, If more than three pounds are fed, each pig should. receive daily in addition from one-quarter to one-half pound of tankage or from three to eight pounds of skim -milk, and gains of from 8 three-quarters to one and one-half pounds can be expected. Fattening hogs; Corm one to two, skim -milk one. Corn fifteen to twenty, tankage one. Corn and. tankage in self -feeder, Corn, tankage, and middling or oats in self -feeder. Old. sows, Corn two,- skim -milk three. Corn eleven, tankage one. Corn nine, middlings two, bran one, tankage one. Corn two, oats one, alfalfa or clover !hay, Coni five, oats five, tankage one, ' alfalfa or clover hay. Corn 100, tankage seven, oil meal three, Cern one, oats one, middlings one. From one to two pounds of grain for each 100 pounds live weight are sufficient for the sows during the gestation period, and from two to three pounds while suckling litters. More laxative rations may be needed than some of the foregoing. Young sows: Corn two, skim -milk three. Corn nine, tankage one. Con„ „it e i enkage one, alfalfa or clover hay. Corn six, oats three, tanitez.:^ oro. Growing boars: Corn one, skim - milk two. Corn five to seven, middlings two. tankage one. Corn four to six, oats two, mid- dlings one, tankage one. Mature boars; Corn nine, middlings two, tankage ane. Corn eight, middlings two, bran one, tankage one.. The breeding herd should have ac- cess to forage, The cost of feed and labor can be reduced and the health and vigor of the herd maintained by its use, able, Ac fist T utas net very success. i The care of chickens is my special e tug hens to November and De of 60 hens, ready to begin another ernber helps also to keep your; year's work. monthly income balanced, as you can! never expect to secure as many eggs Kootenay hive Case fWinteringWinteringat that time as during the other or mouths. • AIeo, by reducing the size of Bees, lelit flock in November and December, I Possibly no phase of agriculture the better hens have more room dur-1 has advanced so rapidly as that of lug the winter months when they beekeeping. In many lines of farming must be confined indoors. Tlie redue-` our niethols are melt the same as tion in the feed bill helps, too. i they were a hundred years ago, With In culling our flock recently, I was beekeeping there has been a great surprised to find a lot of body lice on evolution, and to -day utensils and a few hens, This led to a second ex- methods are standardized throughout amination of each hen. The roosts the whole country, Beekeepers, how - rani nests were carefully cleaned, and ever, are constantly on the lookout for treated with kerosere;. then every new and still better methods of carry - hen 'vas po.nlcred with sndium fluor- ing on, and in the Kootenay Hive Case ,de to kill the lice. there is a form of winter and summer During November and December myp;ntection that possesses more vir- chiekens are fed most carefully. Early' tues . -' tog faults than many of the every morning they are given warm systems now hi milk their houses are cleaned out, and The Kootenay Hive Case is an en floors covered with rakings and al-, prevenient on the double walled hive. (alfa hay. The hens immediately be- It has been introduced in the form gin to scratch, and soon get up a of a permanent hive case, and is made good appetite for a late breakfast. to take the ten -frame hive. There is a I have large windows in my hen three inch space all around the brood houses, so that the hens scratch and chambers and supers. Up to the top work in the sunshine. If the weather of the brood chamber it is kept per- is at all favorable, I allow them to manently packed with moss or planer run out during the warmest part of shavings the year round. This is the day. covered with :infill pieces of wood At about 11 o'clock grain is scat- to prevent the moss from falling into tered through the rakings. At present the bive when open. Beneath the I am feeding corn, oats, and barley. floor of the brood chamber there is At one o'clock a warns mash is set also a three-inch space packed with before them. This varies, as hens, like people, enjoy variety. To -day I cooked large, coarse beets, to whioh is added warm milk and a little bran. To -morrow I may feed small cooked potatoes, I often scatter sunflower heads among the rakings. Liberal quantities of skint milk and cool, clean drinking water are available at all times. At four o'clock a liberal amount of grain is fed. This is placed where they can easily get it, as hens must be well fed before retiring if you ex- pect them to lay. Oyster shell, gravel, and a dry mash in hoppers are always on hand. I never keep a sick hen or a --per- sistent loafer. It doesn't pay. I kill them at once, and make a post mor- tem. This prevents disease from spreading, and my little flock is thus kept healthy at all times. I visit my chickens at least four times a day, and observe them carefully. Chickens, like cows, respond to a kindness and attention, They flock around rime and. "caw -caw" in the most friendly man- ner. I believe that a happy and con- tented hen lays better. From a flock of about 50 hens and about 25 pullets, I have gathered in early December from 8 to 15 eggs a day, and our pullets are just begin- ning to lay nicele. I plan to keep 40 Rhode Island Reds and 20 White Leg - horns in my culled flock. I find in our cold climate, where we have many nights below zero, that our Reds lay better. Last Novennber, however, one moss. The storeys, or "lifts," are all alike, and, as supers are added, extra lifts are put on, The cover is similar to the ordinary cover, but is made three- eighths of an inch larger all around than the tap of the case, while small triangular blocks nailed in each inside corner, raise it and insure ventilation, This opening also affords a means of escape for bees that may have become entrapped while working over the hive. To pack for winter all that is nec- essary is to have one "lift" abovz: the brood chamber packed with moss or planer shavings. To facilitate the packing we have pillows made from moss and gunny sacks just the size of the story or lift. The cover is then added and the bees are packed for the winter, The only attention required is to keep the entrance cleared di dead bees. The bees have more winter protec- tion in this case than in the double - walled hive, while the temperature in the hive is cooler and more uniform in summer. There is not the trouble of peeking in the fall and unpacking in the spring as in the case of the ordinary double walled hive or the Ontario wintering case. It is less expensive than the double -walled hive, as it is constructed largely from ship - lap. The bees come through the win- ter in good shape and commence work early in the spring. Beekeepers would be well advised to give it a trial as it has many excellent feature's. Christmas Suggestions. Old Santa is coming Ho! Ho! He will soon be harnessing his reindeer to his sled to call by for your gifts, so you cannot- have them„ ready too soon. A. few gift suggestions may be wel- comed 'by our readers. A pair of embroidered pillow cases or a cunning little lampshade covered with bright 'colored organdie and de- corated with a tiny bunch of yarn, ribbon or chenille flowers will be just the thing for Mother's spare room. She will love one of the new. appliqued or embroidered luncheon sets of un- bleached muslin to save her table linen and a new crocheted hug -me -tight or a' lovely lavender knitted shawl all for her own self. For Father 'there are comfy slippers and some of the pretty' linen 'handkies trimmed with the colored clrawvn-in threads. • Grandmother will welcome a new enameled sewing basket decorated with a bunch of chenille flowers, or a string of the sealir.•g waw beads to wear with her "hest" dress. Tiny cre- tonne -covered boxes filled with home- grown 'flower seeds , cr little ribbon satchets of lavender will also conte in handy. Aunt Mer,ha meg 'fihcl tine to shake cut the moth balls from her old set of furs, which have been stored away in an attic trunk, and cut them over into an attractive muff and neck- piece for Jane. Be sure to cut the fur on the wrong side with a sharp razor blade, and most important of all, set the muff and necker off with a bunch 'of hand -.made flowers. Get out your paint and paint brush to enamel some coat hangers, flower pots, spoof dolls, baskets, shoe trees and all sorts of things that will make really attractive gifts. :Sister will find the small crocheted filet squares and dainty lingerie use- ful for her Hope Chest and Billy will think it's the "best Christmas ever" if 'he gets a wooly knitted sweater to match his new bobsled. And for your old school friend what could be nicer- than the lovely new book of Canadian poems which may be. had. at the large bookstores •forfifty cents. The verses are all written by women, members of the Toronto Wo- men's Press Club, who call their de= liglitful collection "Verse and -Re- verse." It is enelcsed in a holly - bordered envelope ell ready for mail- ing. - It makes one of the most charm- ing guimaginable. ;Yelhdrained land yields paying crops -undrained land produccs mort- g=ages and foreelosures, Surplus apples, potatoes, vegetables, and other, secondary commodities about the farm can this year be con- verted into money. Thrift tells in times like these. November is a hungry month. The nip of the frosty air reminds the body that it will soon need extra defences for the winter. The children must have plenty of the kinds of food that they should eat, so that they will not fill up on things that they must not eat, Grain feeding of sheep during the early winter months is not absolutely essentia where a lemming/ins .ons ro gh age and good corn silage or roots are available; but the best results are ob- tained when a small amount of grain is fed regularly throughout the win- ter and increased just previous to lambing, Two parts whole oats and one part wheat bran, by measure, make a good mixture. If some grain is fed during the' winter, less will be required near lambing time. Old ewes, especially, need plenty of good feed to bring about maximum results. $Y GEORGE J. THIESSEN 1 'r u , Protecting Plants lin Winter. An early blanket of snow is pra- tection for ground plants and for small fruit and flower growths, brit at the sante time Nature does nor ;le-. spise a little artificial aid. Straw- berries, for instance, will often go through the winter without being mulched, but there are seasons when it is •very necessary. In the latter case, it is well to wait until winter is at hand and then spread a light cov- ering of straw over the plants. Bear in mind that a thick mulch may do more harm than good, The Dominion Horticulturist, Mr. W. T. Macoun, in his annual report recommends marsh !hay as the best for this purpose. If straw is used it should be free from weed seeds. Raspberrez are benefitted if the canes are bent over, just before winter sets in, and the tips held down wt;n soil. If the winters are very cola and there is little snow, it Is well to, cover the canes entirely with soil., To protect the grape, the vines having. previously been pruned, should be; bent down and covered with soil a few days before winter sets in. Theeg should be left so covered until the' following May, as spring frosts are much to be feared. In most places in this country roses need to be pro- tected, Either cover the plant with soil or mound up the base with soil for twelve inches or more and then' bend the top over until held down with ' soil. If boughs or leaves are thrown' over the plant thus treated to help' collect the snow. greater protection' will be afforded, In the case of climb -a ing roses, they may be tied down to pegs and covered with a box filled. with dry leaves, the top to be water ;iglu, au teed the leaves will keep dry, Trees are often stege el by mice, To prevent this, wrap and tie tin. minks in building paper so that it comes close to the ground, and then place a little earth about the lower end of the paper, which need not reach a height of more than from eighteen to twenty- four inched above the base. Smut in Oats. Careful tests have proven that smut spores which have passed the winter in the soil may attack oats sown there the following spring. Same heavily affected soil was obtained from a farm where smut in oats had been very bad and was substituted for the surface soil elsewhere to a depth of about three inches on a small plot. Hulless oats were sown in the substi- tuted soil and in soil alongside be- lieyed to be unaffected: The result was on the substituted soil seven per cent, of the oat; were found to be affected and on the healthy soil only one per cent., the latter probably be- ing due to the proximity of the other growth. The Welfare of the Home Who is Jane's Teacher? --By Anne Goodwin Williams "Who is Jane's teacher?" we asked of the mother of a charming little! eight-year-old girl. The mother men- tioned the name of Jane's teacher in the public school and then together' we performed some arithmetical prob-i leets to prove that "Miss Bennett" was only one of Jane's many teachers E and that her teaching hours were less than those of some of the others. Suppose, we said, that Jane sleeps from seven o'clock until seven, then M a year she has 4,380 walcing hours' —and only 1,000 of those hours are' spent in school during the year. What of the 3,380 hours remaining? Who, is teaching Jane, then? She is certain- ly learning. Sometimes her play-, mates are her teachers, with lessons' sometimes helpful, sometimes herrn-' ful. The father's teaching hours are limited to Sundays and holidays with; an occasional evening hour; the Sun-' day School teacher may get twenty-; five hours a year, but of course, the real teacher is the mother. Every; day of the year, she teaches her little; daughter; even during the child's sickness lessons continue, lessons of patience, gentleness and self-control. 'If anyone were to ask of the school teacher that she teach music, art, literaturedomestic science and man- ual training, she would know it was impossible. And yet, that is just what is demanded of the mother as an educator. Music! Yes, she is teaching music when she sings at her work nr helps Jane select : good music for tl•e trola instead of jazz. And as she arranges, her home tastefully, with appropriate pictures, she is often un- consciously forniirg the child's taste in art. "What stories , shall I r,:ad to the children?" we kindergartners are asked again and again by eager moth- ers who feel that ordinary. "trashy" stories are not good enough for the children who are so greatly influenced by the stories they hear and read. The mother knows—this wise moth- er -educator who is asked to teach do- mestic science, how necesary it is for her little daughter to learn helpful- ness in household duties. "I can't iron big things yet but I can iron all the handkerchief's, daddy's and moth- er's and John's and mine," said Iittle Jane with pride. Actions are judged right or wrong according to mother's approval or dis- approval. She is, indeed, the great teacher of morals. "Slip in behind those people so the conductor won't see you," I heard a woman say to a little boy one day as I was boarding a crowded street car. He succeeded in "fooling the conductor" and in get- ting a definite lesson in cheating and in dishonor. Religious training, as well as moral, is part of the great task and the' joyous task of the teacher-mother,— and is it not a glad sign for • future Canada that so many mothers of •our great country are, in their hearts, un- iting in the prayer of "Motherhood" so beautifully written by Eleanor Robbins Wilson? • "So short a time at mny command These .children that I hold to -nig nt, God give ine grace to understand, Wisdom to guide their steps aright That l may be throughout the Iand,' A lamp, unto their feet for light. "So short a time 10 small hands cling, With confidence of babyhood, Let me not idly dream the thing, But live- the noble. part I should, That henceforth :from such mothering They shall instinctively eeek good. "'So shorta trine for my embrace, For love, cheer•, comfort, lullabies, God help me hallow the brief space That turns to gold each sacrifice So surely does a mother's grace Build her soul's mansion in,•the skies." Most,guides to trapping tell chiefly' low this plan will mean general satis- what to do on the line. Little atter-, faction for all concerned. , tion isgiven handicaps that must bel Do not use meat baits toe close to avoided. Since they are important—I dwelling:. Cats and dogsare often. probably as much so as anything else a drawn instead of wild fuwbearers, —it would be well to consider the! When merlon sets 'be stns• the traps various thinge which the pelt bunter work properly, Nothing is more pro - shooed not dee- • yoking than to discover later that they First of al la greatmany young biggest mink,in the region would have trappers—and some old ones too—' been caught had the jaws dosed when take dogs with them over the ground. they Should. It might also be said This is probably natural when the i that when traps are placed, the pans animal is a. companion. However, thei should not be much higher than the scent often remains for days; some Jaw Ievelg. thing easily detected and dreaded, by a Too frequent use of food for bait is minks especially. The dog is almost not wise, It has a tendency to warn sure to dig into dens, or nose about' the more Burning game, spots where raccoons or opossums i Never overlook an oppeetunity to. may be in the habit of coming fie study the habits of fur -hearers. Time quently. This means that such places g spent doing this always pays big re - are useless for sets. In the case o0turns. minks, the fur -bearers often leave the! Be wary of the mall traveling vicinity altogether. g buyers, purchasing lots wherever they Tobacco --ashes and juice—ought:may be found. As a rule, these buyers not to be scattered over the line. Even can not pay so much as the larger smoke near places where the more,' houses which eventually get the furs. cunning animals travel, frequently' Select your dealer with eare. Those causes the hest sets to fail. These who advertise from year to year are small- things, seemingly of no izit t generally old reliable concenis, anxi- portence, should be remembered by' ous to get your furs. They will pay every pelt hunter if he wants to make top prices, for your lots. the most money from his work; Take pains in skinning and drying. Never use crows, hawks, buzzards Much money is lost by pelt hunters nor similar bait when after smaller every year because this is riot given arr.buals. These birds are enemies; sufficient attention. Be sure to have instead of attracting„ they repel. a sharp knife; make long cuts rather Avoid. steel for fastenings, so far than short ones, to avoid ragged as possible. This is especially true edges, With the exception of musk - when after foxes, wolves,minks and rats and opossums, tails of all small similar animals. If stakes are made, game should be slit to the very tip. do away with shavings. Newly chop- The bones are then easy to remove ped wood gives a hint of man. Keener and no pocket is formed to catch animals are wary of the signgrease, which might eause tainting. When traps are placed have them as Never trap too early in fall nor too nearly perfect as possible. Do net late in spring, When pelts are of poor visit them every day and rearrange quality, seta ought not be made, It the sets. It is a good rule not to dis- does not pay to get trashy skins that turb methods for days, so long as they do not commend much of anything remain as placed. Keep as far away when sold. Dealers, in fact, do net from the sets as possible unless it is want them and many are doing all absolutely necessary to handle them they car. to lava trappers catch only again. rho better grads of hides. Many hunters skin their game. en With the exception of skunks and the line. Often the carcasses are left civets, do not shoot small trapped aoi- along the trail. Not only does this mals. Bullet boles often mean, low have a tendency to frighten some values ear skins so damaged. For kinds of fur -bearers, but provides all minks and weasels, stun with a with food. When we stop to consider smooth, round club. Drowning is that hunger is the best aid of all at- often resorted to, also. The methods tractors, wo see the necessity of dis- just explained do away. in most cases, posing of carcasses. It is well to with blood clots on the leather. sink them in deep water whenever When board stretchers are made, eetsillle, use quarter -inch pine, if obtainable. Do eel: attempt too much. A few Round the edges so as not to dam - sets well plains °ncl eared far bring age the nap of the pelts. Have the better returns than mane Nell are forms for cased hides (this includes poorly arranged. all the commoner pelts, except rac- Deadfalls and snares may occasion- , ins, and even these are handled' ally he of value. However, in most the sue- as muskrats and minks at cases they are simply a waste of tine, times, with . great damage) so that for the beginner at least. Depend !they fit. Pull tau Melts tightly anti upon steel straps. They are more effi-d tack in place. Do inn overtretch; dent than the makeshifts one some- this gives the appearance oz :. noorly times sees employed. furred pelt. Never understreten, oe Do not use too large a bait for this makes the hides undesirable for minks. To illustrate, if the carcass manufacturing purposes. of a rabbit or muskrat is used, make Do not hasten curing by putting the it serve eight or nine traps. skins in the sun or near a fire. Select The best baits in the world never a cool, dry, shady place protected overcome a handicap of crude meth- from the weather, where the air c- eds. However, proper sets often sue- culates freely. It takes from she to teed with inferior decoys. fourteen days before catches are Remove hides just as soon after ready for market, depending upo,t the game is caught as possible. Do not let kind of pelts and climatic conditions. several carcasses accumulate And do Never ship green skins. Often they the work all at once. If skinning is spoil in transit. Even when such is neglected, some of the furs which not the case, they must be given Mit otherwise should be prime, turn bine mediate attention by the dealer as on the leather and must be classed as received. He charges for this—much seconds or lower, The reason is that more, in fact, than one can afforc, tr after death oxidization of the tissues pay for the work. In other words: it takes place rapidly and causes dis- is economy to cure the skins before coloration. Should the pelts be left sending them away. on the carcasses too long, they will Do not overlook advising t :r hair -slip and taint. When this is the dealer when shipping him furs. Gire case, they are worth little or nothing, any directions by "letter, mailing same depending upon the condition. when the furs leave your hands. This Never interfere with another's trap will eliminate nrisunderstending, or his line, It is generally understood which otherwise is almost sur: to among pelt hunters that when one occur. has run his "path," another will not Avoid trouble with fellow pelt hunt - make sets too near. Should one dis- cover a captured animal alive, kill it as you would your own, leaving it for the owner when he shows up. To fol- ers. Rather work with instead of against them,. When this is da -:e, all find trapping mare pleasant and profitable. Crop Yields at the Dominion Experimental Farre. Some interesting facts regarding the past season's crop conditions are to be gathered from the reports of the score of Dominion Experimental Farms and Stations scattered through - roots and the ensilage crops, the sec- ond growth of red clover being ex- ceptionally good. At Morden, Man., corn was above the average, Around Brandon, Man., crops were generally light owing to lack of rain, wheat averaging 12 bushels to the acre and oats and barley proportionately less, out the country. At Ottawa the yield although on the Experimental Farm of grain and roots were below the the yield of what was 22x,4 bushels to average, oats averaging 35 bushels to the acre. Indian Head, Rosthern and the acre, barley 39 bushels, and spring Scott, Sask., all report the yield of wheat 16.5 bushels. Potatoes and grain as good, but the season was unfavorable for fodder crops, At Indian Head the yield of Marquis wheat on the farm ran from 24 on roots suffered from drought. At Charlottetown, P.E.I., wheat was above the average, one field averaging 43 bushels to the acre; oats were 1 stubble to 35 bushels per acre on fel- short and thin in the straw; barley low, and in the district 20 bushels to was almost up to the average; roots and potatoes were good. At Kentville, N.S., crops suffered from want of rain and are less than usual, potatoes not being much more than .half a •crop. At Nappen, N.S., grain, although short in the straw, was a fair crop; grain potatoes . suffered from drought, but grown suffering severely:from were of good quality. At Fredericton, grasshoppers. At Lacombe, Alta., the N.B., late planted potatoes, grain, and tlistr ict yield •°was -wheat 25 bushels; roots were 70 per cent of foil yield. barley 40 bushels and oats 60 bushels. At St. Anne de la Pocatiere, Quebec, In British Columbia; the general yield potatoes were disappointing, but the, of grain and roots was about normal, rain was of good quality. At nap although Agassiz reports damage to Rouge,Que., theyield of grain was 'wheat . before 'threshing.. from excess of rain. :Cacti rarm issues tin animal below the average, bet potatoes did � well and corn was a record yield. At report an its operations, lrhicln is oki Lennoxville, Que, grain was light and' tamable froinx the Department of Ag - short in straw and potatoes were from; rieultuze, Ottawa, free of charge.. 50 to 75 per cent. of normal. • At - r.:_--4 •n Ontario, rain market lc t for,cora °.id • I%apo g, alll in tato There is a r ar os e�•ably, July and early August Helped grain more baby beef than is pot limed. , the acre was the average; oats in the district were 60 bushels to the acre 'and barley 45. Lethbridge, Alberta, reports the yield of wheat in South- ern Alberta runs on dry land from 6 bushels per acre ;in the district to 26 bushels nearer the -mountains. Early