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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Exeter Advocate, 1921-9-29, Page 6IFYVT111/71-, ••• (IVA sheetly after halerest, he loaded daddreses communications to egrearidet. n Adelaide St. West. 'nitwit'''. five tons of wheat ou his truck, eut- Avoid Overloading Your Truck. Am en know, who owns a 200 -acre term, bought a three -ton motor -truck. 'seine time age. Everythine went well for six week e after he, befoul using the track. Then something happened. One Suitable Quarters for the Hog. rrOPer tAgnsing is essential in pro- fitable awing production The largest rianeial returns are obtained onli when dry, comfortable and eonvenient houeing conditions are provided. It it a miatake to think the hog does not need to be protected from the Weather. Having- been origienlir a native of eomparatively warm oil - Mates, nature has not provided the bog with email in the way a protect tive goven. It is true it has lay= of fat, when it is fat, with serer protection, but there is not the thick eeat of hair or wool with which other tam animals are proviaed. Again, it recorgnized that the best way to peed against the ravagete diseeee le to provide sanitary conditions. These eonsiderations, together with the possibility a saving much labor a welteple=ed house over A poorly Watered one, makes it import -met to give rerzeli. thought and atutly to the problem of houeing swine. In 1918, a swine expert, through queedonaires sent to men whose nee, e were obtained from county ad - via a publieheel a survey of one hurt - end ninety-two farrna in which he : -esented ta,blo showing the vari- ous itmset, a litter losses. 1: average number of brood AOW$ in the he.rda was fourteen. They fax - Pawed an average a 7.63 pig -s, and ',mud an average litter a 5.72 pigs. The total loss was 24.95 per cent. The verfoue tenses area the pereeatage of the loss due to each are given here- with: Crueleid by sows 29.13 Perrewed wealc • .1,41 22.34 sved dead •••,“•••••••••11 15.88 Chilled • •• •••-• •mk•• **** .4•• •• 10•00' latiten by sows — 4.59 aitiorted • ••• ••• ••••••••••••• 4.65 Somers ********** 44••••••••• 3.43 rifilUMP8 ••••••••••• 1.78 .".i.ecrobacilloses 1.56 Chasm ••• • *********** ••••• 1.01 Miscellaneous ...............46 This survey was made on farms on svhieh a good many hogs wore raised ea Is teen by the size of the breeding herd. Undoubtedly, they aro managed by men who raleed hogs extensively and take better care of thein than ore dinarily is the case. Width fact leads us to %vender how many millions of doll:are worth of Molting hens require liberal feeding to quickly produce a oat of new feath.ere and return to laying condi- tion. Sunflower seeds have been found of great value at that time. At least tem percent. of beef wrap in. the male is desirable at molting time. It seems expensive to feed beef serap to liens that are not laying, but experience proves that the sooner they are tan -ouch the molt the better for the health and egg prodaction of the flock. Growing stocks on the roosts ean be protected from lice by spraying the roosts. Teaeh them to roost early and it will help to prevent colds. Colds usually come from overcrowding in the earners of colony houses or brood coops. Early roosting is sometimes a reuse ef crooked breasts but it is --,ir to hare a few crooked breasts .00 S. T. of the American breeds fatten ease; and it often pays to place them in seed market condition, even at the pr. . nt feed prices. There is no de - mutat for skinny poultry and the pro- duaer can expect little success if such birds are sold. But the hen that is begging down with fat is net liked by the best customers. There is a happy medium that about describes the prime inarket fowl. Last Days With the Garden. It is a great protection against in- sects and diseases to rotate the crops and net plant them in the same piece tn auecessive years. A. protective measure against in- sects is deep fall plowing. Many of the garden pests winter in the ground end are killed when they are /dewed esp and exposed to the cold. The Viewing also works against the weed.s. leech as t,he museerds, wall retain, their vitality even after they have been buried in tile ground for many years and sprout readily when brought Up again to the surface but many ethers die from one year's burial. In 0 garde e which has been kept free ot weeds from frost to frost ---not lust through the growing season of emne of the vegetables—fall plowed, and the crepe rotated there should be ;very little injury from insects or die - tease and very little trouble with weeds. The fall plowing will aleo help to naellow the soil and. make it Incre workable. _If you are counting on having a hot - 'bed or cold frame next apring, now is the tirne to prepare it, The pit eliould be dug and the inside 4of it inuiche,cl. Also toyer sense of the dirt oeteide with a heavy straw =lel or manure so that it will be avail- able for use in the spring When the Pest of the ground is trozen, The frame can be built now or in the win- ter if you think you will have more time for indoor work then. There is still math tte be done in hogs -could be saved if hollow tile houses, equipped with proper tenuPs meet, were nniversally adopted. When a eundred or more is mass be farrowed in told midwinter in a house thee is unheateds withont the loss of a single pig-, there is likely to be something in the construction of that house to eonunend itself to farm- ers in a region of' cold winters anti springs. That very thing happened, not one season merely, but several, and not on one farm only, but luany, with a typo of house designed by the Iowa Agri- cultuxel Experiment Station mad nam- ed the "Iowa alog House." Its test, not merely on the atoll= farm but on other Iowa farms, has been so satis- faetory that the station is recommend - Ing its use by farniere who want to build a sulaetantial, permanent bouse for their swine. That this new taloa ee ensee ie 50 warm, ever* ir* tha deed of winter, without artifteial heat, is due to the feet that it is built a tow eley tile. The svindows in the roof also add to the warmth of the house and especially to its sanitation. They admit sun- shine, a broad belt of it eight feet wide the full length of the house, which sweeps every nook and corner of every pen and gives every pig a sun bath at some time during the day. That makes for warmth, for physical comfort, for germ destruction, for health and for strength. All these things have been secured, not at a prehibitive cost, •but at a eest that is well within the reach a the substaetial farmer who wants to build a. he house that will stand for twenty year& or fifty or a hundred for that matter'. ' eomortab10 bog is the profit, able hog. The hog that does not need to store away quantities of surplus fat, to be drawn upon for warmth when the tamperature falls below a com- fortable degree is the hog that is us- ing all the feed it eats to build hard, high-priced pork. A hog is not cora- fortable and contented in a dark, damp, unventilated house. A. hog in Snell a house cannot return a. respect- able profit to the hog man. A well- built house tneures welt -built hogs. A poorly arranged and improperly equipped hog holm may be the eause of losing a great deal of money a Ioug as it is used. ting an a high pair a side boards to e load, and started to market. About half -way to market, coasting down A long hall, an which there was a sharp turn, something snapped, and the truck plunged into the embank- ment at the side ot the read. The driver was seriously hurt, the track was badly- sinathed up, and the wheat was acattered so widely that very little of it eould be saved. That man, wlaen he got oat of the hospital, did what most men under similar eircumstanees would have done. Ile resolved never again to overload Ids truck above its retea capacity. "rye learned my leweet," said he. "The truck mannitteturers teld me how meat the truck would safely earry, and the eapaeity was stamped on the track, asetas freight -car builders mark the capacity on the cars they build. But I thought rd save a few tripe getting my wheat to market, when. blooiei I'll waver overload again Ae'esible Accident is only orte big i:efteon for leading a motoretruelt up to its rated eapaeity, end no more, That is enough a a reason of vourse, bet there is the other eeasen o shorter life a truelo thus Abused, Any well - Made truck will last for a long time, if it la not overloaded, and if the op - °rater keeps it in repairs and operates it wisely. But the man who overloads is generally guilty of other charges— reckle.ss or careless drieing, and Iittle attention to the upkeep of the truck. And no truck ean suffer abuse for long; it% the same principle as work- ing you teams day in and day out, without currying them, without doc- toring their ailments, exposing them te all sorts a risks on slippery pave - menta, straining them to pull heavy loads in soft spongy. places, and a score of other evils. A truck le noti so well etted as a horse, to stand sue abuses, for the horse has in,itself the power to adapt itself in te measure t abuse. Not so with trucks. There is a third reason for loading trucks only to eapacity, and that i the effect on the roads. Beavy trucks, loaded only to capacity, wear down roads; but most of the damage is due to overloading the trucks, and to reck- less driving. If drivers can not learn s to avoid these evile, laws will eventu- ally make them do so, the flower garden. In the first place there are the bulbs whieh are to furnish the early spring posy garden. They should be planted about the mid- dle of October. They like lath soil but must have a layer of sand, gravel, stone or broken tile under them so that they will have good drainage. An ideal setting is a shallow layer of sand on to for the bulb itself, a 'layer of rioh loam for the roots, ami some coarse stuff under that for drainage. Then there are the window boxes which are to brighten up your home through the long gray months of the winter. They should be very care- fully prepared. Remember that these plants will have to live and bloom under abnormal and unfavorable con ditions, and they should be given every. advantage. The earth should be very carefully prepared. On quarter of very thoroughly rotted manure, and the rest equals parts o Possibly, more good farm trucks home been. knocked to pieces in less, than their allotted time because a overloading, than because of any other thing. The • railroad people have learned that it is "throwing it in at the door, and shoveling it out at the windowa" to overload their tare When will truck niers learn the same les- son? Sheep Keep Weeds Down. Sheep eat more weeds than any, other class of hvestock, except goats. Sheep will eet einety per cent. of all troublesome weeds. They will destroy weeds in pastures, in grain Beide and corn fields after harvesting, and clear the fence rows. However, sheep are not such scavengers that they tan I thrive 011 refuse and weeds alone. In order to get sheep to eat leaves on e shrubs, the tenderer grasses must be scarce. Goats are better adapted to clearing brush land than are sheep. leaf mold and sand makes a fine combination which will furnish all th food necessary and will drain pro perly. Heavier soil will not drain so well and is apt to sour. Some coarse gravel or stone in the bottom ef pots and boxes will help. The bottom the oontainer should always •be per forated, for water should never be allowed to stand in it. If there is a pan under the box or pot there should be some stones or ether supports in it to keep the tontaieer above the water. Breaking a Horse to Ride. It is well to break the horse to drive single and double. This will make him quieter to -ride. Horses usually buck through fear. In breaking one to ride, take plenty of time and do not frighten him,. Put on the saddle and lead him around until he becomes accustomed to in Do not have the girth too tight. The horse may be tied up for a time and later turned into a paddock with the saddle on. Next accustom the horse to being mounted, getting on and off a number of times. The assistant should have a lead rope tied, around the hoese's neck and run through the rings of a snaffle - bit. If the horse attempts to play up, pnnisla him with a jerk en the bit. Let the assistant lead the horse around with rider until the horse is familiar with the weight 011 his back, then dismiss the assistant. If the horse becomes rebellion, pull his head shareply to one side; de not let him get it „down. The first few rides should be in a small inelesure. The gaits sbould be taught separ- ately. The first few rides should be the walk; next teach the trot, and then the canter. Spurs should not be used until the horse is well broken. • A few rows of trees ori the side of the prevailing winter winds will roalse a world of difference in the comfort of the farmstead Some farmers consider sheep neces- sary just as a means of controlling weeds. -- Tractor Experience., trector wet "Ill, Farmers We. Trost" purebesed ear had :.eti hand ..a stational -3r gasoline ertgiee- *Kele we ad net care tcl United Grain Growers of Canada, World's Greatest Union seerinee, and iv.vhieh we use for belt Ey Earle W. Gage Power, sLxth aa sil Ailing. Aceord,' Mey we bought A entAll traeter, with two plow bottoms, .auel have wed it ceder for plowing, padverizeng, and similar week. We aaso use it for hoisting hay in the ba,ret. The traetor permits no to reelt the work in spring when the trainaon the horses is he.avieet. To illustrate: One spring, fez one reason or an other, we found einseives with sixty acres of • coen, unp12ntd, and the Plantirtg season pretty 'nearly over, We have about ninety acres of draineA marsh, which is a llttle late in getting into rendition. So we took our own etractor and my am -in-law brought his newton. and the two meeldnes were run full bias t natil the cern was Me Without the tractors,. we would have Inst at least two weeks, whieh means much to us, As we are always in danger of an eaely frost. The crop of .ellage cern which these two weeks probably .saved for us would have paid 'the first eoet mad operating expenses of both tractors for two years When cur stationary iagine weave out, or we eau sell it to advantage, we wili ue.e n traetor for belt power, but de not believe that e traeter larger than a three -plow bottom tractor' would, be economical under our cendi- tame,. or the eonditious in vogue, on the average. dairy farin. For two -years' work we paid anly about Vit. for overhauling„ and the tractor ie t9 - clay in excellent condition, It depeeeds largely "eipon the care a tractor receives. 1 know of cases where' machine was ruined the first week because of insufficient oil, and the bearings burned out. The inexper- ienced, operator will also forget to •USO enough water; he may even allow the. radiator to beroree dry. It le else necessary to keep the trensmissioit wefl greased, A .six-thoesand tear of Canada eoronnees rose that that country not only bas the world's greatest farmers' co,openitive orgaaazation, but that it hati attained man-size proportions, _veletas Earl W. 'Gage, of Miehigen It is past experunental uncertainty, and 13 a "trUSt With teeth in it," as a tniddlemen testified to me who had been put out of busieees by The United Grain Growers, Limited, Meludes eixty thousand active .ment- bera and twenty thousand aseeelate uaembers, a total of eighty thousand producers and coneurners. This mem- beeship includes en* in three of farra owners aud tenants a Manitoba, Sas- katehewita and Astberta. The compane- has a paid up capitaeization of about $3,000,000, with reserve funds el an- -ether $2,000,000, while the assets are ' mow than $12,000,000, and pay their owners a dividend of trera eight to ten per cent on the stock inveebnent, beside setting aside a reserve fund at the dose of each season. A Gigantic Enterprise., Our tractor burne kerosene, anl this fuel smudges the spark plugs badly, n is our practice to clean the plugs every morning to insure good ignition during the clay, When the tractor is not in use, it is well sheltered and under roof.—W. F. 9.•••••••,•••..r...m• Now Is the Tune to Deliorn stock. Hog down corn. Select seed -corn. Start a flock of sheep, Market fat hoga and "grass cattle." Cull all hens that do not lay, but lie. Attend fairs mid county club con- tests. Build fall and winter vegetable storage. Locate your supply of pedigreed seed wheat for planting this fall, also got a supply of formaldehyde for treating the wheat to prevent smut, To protect my roses during winter nut them back quite short, take an empty box, All it with leaves and turn It ever the bushes. This protects them from void, as well as mice. I never lose a bush. •*•1 To control black -knot on plum trees, prune out the knots before the spores of the disease have a chance to ma- ture. An annual inspection of the trees and the removal and destruction of a/I the knots in the fall is the most satisfactory method to follow. It is a mistake to put off plowing until late in the fall or early spring. Tlie„ ground is often heavy andsome- times actuaily too wet to plow in the fall, but the action of the frost will repair all damages, or most of it, at least, if the plowing is done early. In the spring, ground should not be plowed unless it is dry. •••mi.••••111•01.1=1•10.1.1••• The Welfare of the Home MARTYRS AND MENACES Steel Hard The mistaken devotion which takes for granted that ali restriction to a child's desires means deprivation, which cannot bear to see a child suf- fer temporary disappointment or pun- ishment, allows him to develop an in- dividuality which later will sap and prey upon all ether individuals with whom he comes in contact. The mother who trails after her children all day, picking up mislaid playthings and articles et clothing, who makes countless trips upstairs in answer to repeated calls after they are supposed to have gone to bed, who rises to shut doors left swinging AS they rush in and eut, who responds wearily and patiently to ceaseless de- mands and questions flung at her as she tries to read or write, and who has never really known a moment's repose during her children's waking hours; instead of being a. martyr is a menace, for her children will becorne the careless, arrogant, selfish men and women of the next generation. By Margaret „ • We are all familiar with the mem- orable scene enacted in 'Ades. Ruggles' kitchen (The Bird's Christmas Carol) when Mrs. Ruggles, distraught and de- termined, struggled to implant the rules of polite behavior in the minds of her nine harum-scarum youngsters during the space of a few fleeting hours. The scene was eccasioned by their almost immediate appearance at Mrs. Bird's dinner -table and their mother's terror lest they conduce themselves in too outrageous a man- ner. 1 To -day, mothers are confronted with the same problem; though in a less acute and humorous degree. Children go forth to take part in a larger group than the immediate family tine, and unless we have managed wisely and surely from the very beginning, we are beset with the same misgivings which Mrs. Ruggles endured; the al- most certain knowledge that they may cause us mortification and ,thagrin It may be in the home that this realization comes. How many mothers, entertaining a caller, have suffered vexation because of the wilful de- mands and interruptions of an ill-be- haved child? How many have exper- ienced the disagreeable surprfee of fincliog the habit of untidiness, ineon- siderateness and inattention, over- looked at home, become appalling stumbling blocks at school. Outsiders look upon this child with mingled -in- dignation and pity. Iadignation that his parents have allowed things to come to such a pass; pity that the child must face existence so handl- capped at tae start. , The mother who determines that her children must abide by the stand- ard which requires painstaking effort and responsibility, who demands the same degree ef courtesy and consid- eration to be extended toward her as ehe extends to her ehildeen, who ex- pects them to respect her rights as truly as she respects theirs, will find herseit bleseedle relieved of mortifioa,- tion and chagrin and she will know the joy of a certain sureness •and repose which will increase her days in the land ef the living no matter how fillea they may be With maternal duties Nearly seven hundred, eceintry eles eaten are operated by the combine in the three provinces a Western Can- ada, two large private elevators at the head of the Great LAJCPS, The Dominion government has a seriea ef elevators, government owned, SO that these farmers are able to etere each season, 'without apeculative aid, A major portion of their crap, They are not at the mem of gainalers of the grain pit. The 'United Grain Growers operates a grain exporting bueiness, with head- quarters at New York City, whielt prior to the war was one of the larg- est grain expoeting concerns en the eontinent, and during the war Was considered So good as to be ealled over by the allied goverements. It ie now A leader in the grain world. with a suspicioneye, and, its supPerte ers among the formers were all to few. Adventures in the seune dire.. • tion had had a bad record in Canada, But the initial difficulties were overe oome, success brought friends and the oetaPauer gradually established A ArrA 'feethold, Parallel organizations were started in Saskatchewan and Alberta end met with eqeal suecesS, The Sas- katchewan .comperty still aminteies its special ideutitn, but the bieuttobe, and Alberta institutions were ainelga- mated in 1016 tate what le now United Grain Growers, Lbnitectee Now Dolninion-Wide., The co-operative moVelnent is no , longer confined to the prairie prove incee. It la firmly established in On- tario, where the United Fanners" O9- , operative Company of Outeeknergare‘ izedbut a few yeas ago, inzieased ito turnover by five hundred per gentlest year, The United VArnten Of New Brunewick med of British Columbia are exteuding their eoeoperative f14-. • tivitie& The dairy industry of quebee is well organized an coaveretive lines, the movement has 4 strong footheld in Prince Edward 'Amid, and a etert bas been made in Nova 'Scotia, So the cooperative epirit haa eaught all Can., ada. "These ergenizations," =Aimed Mr. Creme, "ereeted, developed, and directed by farteleaS, leave elereopetrate ed that they an safely enter the world et commerce and distributten and cent'. pete successfully with old-estabilelied buainesa inetitutione. Slowly but sure- ly the eceeperative idea. is making heedway againet the old, 'capitalist eystene in Canada, and. it haa at last aroused a promising Interest in Urban mumitiee and Imeineae centres, rentaina to be done in the wee' a to -ordination and lentsolidation, but there le Ito maven why within QM or two decades the whole agricultural population of Canada should not he , linked up in vast eo-operativo organ, leetions which will undertake all ltd selling, buying and distelbutieg acti- ities." Tho economic aspect of the Canadian farmers' movement is but one aspect of the new era, To -day the farmers' political activities bulk even more largely in the public eye. The transi- tion from economic organization to pelitical action Was both inevitable and simple. The organized farmers found that as long as paramount fin - • and manufacturing interests largely controlled and influenced the legislatures of Canada, especially the federal government at Ottawa, there must be A definite limit to their co- operative Schemes. When people Iseve, loaned to co-operate in business it Is an easy transition to work together in governmental affairs. Aim of Farmers' Movement. "The ultimate aim of the farmers' movement is the improvement of cie vilization," advises Mr. Crerar, "through an improved etonornic order and the ostablisbtnent of good citizen- ship as au ordinary practice of life, and their organization is planned. to run parallel with the popular and rep- resentative institutions of the country, the municipal council, the provincial legislature, and the Dominion parlia- ment. The loeal 'organizations and elubs form an invaluable social nexus for a seattered rural population. They hold regular meetings and educative debates; propaganda is carried on to aid the movement, and efforts made to elect good candidates for local offices. In the provincial field, farmers, through a working alliance with labor which rnay be developed and extended, have gained control of the governine of Ontario, the largeet province '.a Canada, and in the prairie provinces their political influence is such that they tan secure favorable eonsidere. tion for any reasonable legislation w hich they ask for." Thus, the slogan of modern Canada is, "In farmers we trust," and the sane and satisfactory government of distribution, including the elimbiation of unnecessary middlemen and increas- ed profits to produters, testified. to the desirability of this type of organiza- tion. This gigantic structure of team- work has been erected in the short period of a few years, amid a Bald' strewn with the wrecks of co-operative failures among farmers, It will trans- act a "Waimea of more than $100,000e 000 this season, since it will handle Canada's greateet grain crop from farm to remotest export point, son- erving profit to the individual grower. This is the great 'combination which is being used as a pattern by the Americen Farm Bureau Federation in thoir present organization acheme 12 the middle west, a committee vieitiog Canada and studying at first hand the plan, It is estimated that it will gave e85,000,000 a year in conurtiesions alone be farmers of six central states, to say nothn,g'h spec A- tive profits, where farmers are under the dominatiom of grain pit barons. Development of Co-operation. One of the most remarkable de- velopmente in Western Canada within the past decade has been the defelop- ment of co-operative effort among the farmers. Although this has expressed itself most notably in the success which has attended the farmersown elevator conmenies, yet the success has been equally as pronounced re- garding -creameries., live stock soiling, wool and sheep associations, cheeze factories and stores. "The farmers' movement has now reached a stage when it is definitely recognized as one of the most import- ant factors in the national life of Can- ada," advised Hon. Thomas A. Omar, late minister of agriculture and presi- dent of the United Grain Growers. "It began in an effort at economic organ- ization in 1905 to combat what many western fatmers thought were oppres- sive monopolies and special vested privileges on the part of the railways, manufacturers, elevator companies, and other interests who between them had a large control over the markets, transportation and finance. "In 1901 the first Grain Growers' Association was formed at Indian Head, Saskatchewan, and in 1905 the Grain Growers' Company was founded with headquarters in Winnipeg. Its early trials were many and severe; the Winnipeg exchange closed its doors against the farmers, the banks and business community viewed it Found It Worth While to Pack Light Soil. In my farming experience it has appeared that we must take advantage of every opportunity to inform our- selves on the best methods a doing our work. We learn much fromother farmers and fem. our (bounty repre- sentatives and the experiment sta- tions, but to make the greatest success we can not allow ourselves to go to sleep. I think I have learned a little lesson by accident which will. mean as mace to my success at farming, light poll as any other information which I have secured. from any other source. After preparing a field for rye it became neceseery to haul across the land loads of cern for the silo. The men in driving did not keep to a nar- row track and as n result •a rather wide strip of sea was thoroughly packed and when the seed was put in this soil was very firm despite the light nature of the laud. Now the lesson which I learned was that when this field was tharvested there was a splendid stand of rye where the soil had been thoroughly firmed and not much of a crop 'elsewhere. This observation set nie to thinking and I conchzded diet 11 the oacki •1•••••••••.•••••MM••••••••••O worked in a small spot it ought to work all over the field. I therewith procured one of these heavypaekers and tried, the plan out with very satis- factory results. A number of neigh- bors were recently surprised at results on a field where the packer was used and where a splendid stand of sweet clover is the result. It must be re- membered, however, that it requires considerable power to pull 'the pacaer W here the soil is loose. Three, and still better, four good horses are necessary to get on nicely. But it means the difference between suocess and failure in farming this type of Melancholia is eften. a result o biliousness. • Lice and mites thrive only at eel expense of the poultry; anybody eeti ,thooee whether- to raise vermin or chickens. The way to make money out a the production of milk is to begin at home. Weed out unprofitable proe &aerie No real business ,man will keep a -worlonan ill his employ a , week if he is an uaprofitable pro- ducer, and the cow' is the dairyman's machicie tee dairyman's workman.