HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Exeter Advocate, 1921-2-17, Page 6Addrese communleatlons to Agronomist, 73 Adelaide St. West Toronto.
More Attention to Farm Forestry. labor situation in rural districts could
Aside from tine income resulting be generally* improved by furnishing hei
sells profit.
productive employment throughout e
from the the
air timber, the area a the Year. These and other induce.
toted to the- farm �voodlet makes a ,
eubstantial contribution to the success
of the farm. It provides fuel, fence
posts, materials for Construction and
repair, pzbdueta of the sugar bush, and
Some
goods pay more profit
thanothers.. Usually, the poorer I
the quality the greater the profit.
The grocer pays more for Red
Rose to for other teas -and.
proteeeion to crops, stock and build-
ings Against weather extremes. The
forest hello beeka famed waters, int- It is easy to forget that hatching
proves and builds up the sell and adds eggs are really: living objects, and
greatly to. the attractiveness of rural. must be eared for as such. Most pee=
Scenery, ple are very careful with eggs under
The rapidly increasing attention: a sitting henor in an incubator, be-; Jane was tardy at breakfast, not
that is now being given to this de.'carie they realize that there are deet-. because she cared esi}eeislly about
}cents urge Ontario farmers to a more
careful study of modern methods of,
prbodueing and marketing their wood- Y best.
land products,
When. you buy Red Rose you
How You Can Get Good. hatches.
TSE REASON
partineixt of the farm is due very cote, hvmg ducks inside. But they
largely to the much Higher prices ree wed
handle eggs, before starting in
Gently paid Or fore -t products. Tim eab ttion, with no other thought than i
ber is a national necessit 3 •. The coon-
tr� was sutider:ly :;wakened timing the
a egg is an egg, • and that breaking;'
rn is the only way they can be
war to its deferneless position should !,armed,
It is true, before the hatching egg'
ear Mood supply be exhausted. The in-
creased tlxsaaartl u.easioned by the is heated, that the germ in it is more`
gradual growth of peraeefulur..uits ; eerily then after :hatching leas started,
as well ae i;litary.:zeeds pard h` In this respect egg geirzns are like,
gradual reduetici f ;tv I s oe' butts or, a sree. 3titis w:11 stand a lot'
,; t' mirk a ''� ks.' of cold weather changes during the
have beer, responsible too the flight in, winter when they are dormant,, but
lumber quotatkm. That value Visa,
after a little waren weather has
be semi leveled on : t orrespond?ngay eh -aliened these s . they show
higher level in years to come than:Was, and It ,
during, the past cars hats sly 1?e et rte- tgris of Ikfe, we know that a cold
toned owing to thi. aclat:oi: of h:p- spell means disaster to thein.
ply lard demand, y So it is with the germ in the hatch -
The It is dormant when laid, but
't'Iie Tarnier shoal;; !i1 elle h s wood)a little Bert will start it ` growing",.
lot permanently profit:MM. 1\3'her, the Then it is very tender, and a changing
lesson that all departniei..+s of the temperature will either kill it or ma-
farrn e'hould contribute a reaeunabie + p
.caially weaken it. A ;.ii•eat moray
share. to the operator's :-tcome is gen- eggs get heated in the laying not.
era -,y u,iderstoot.end praetieed, the Ar. egg laid in the morning' might be
farmer will see to it that land un- under different laying hens c nti -
$tilted for cultiv ated crops wiz be dee' v , t �. o nu
voted to the ,all, , time lata afternoon, The heat
growing of timber. from these hens would be enough to
Through the p;`eduetion of as &•renter egg :< warm up the cRn ant! start germ
abui:cin e of tree, a superier qual»9 growth. This very tender germ may
key lay pua,ect:rg them from 1 e, thin-, he aericasly weakened or even !tilled
nine where toe erowded and planting before it reaches the inculcator. It is
where t_3o thin, the farmer's ireome„ therefore important to keep hatehi
p p ng
will be et:l.. remit. The farm manage eggs in an even tela iature,
remit probtern will lie partly :Med in
p There is no more important ,factor.
eth as 1:e will be tatter ail*, to enixalot • i:i st;eta ssful liatehing than that of
I'M mai and teams (luring the eeid' moisture, If you have ever operated
acixtii-. The attempt to eorul',ine steel:p
p an incubator you douhiiess know this,
r�ai ai:g
atel forestry will he Me -milk -el- and provide moisture when needed.
t.d
by the thoughtful farmer, whe will But aid you over think. ofproviding
rather strive to keep the hoar oflois' moisture before punting the eggsr
.n
woadlot free from Vass through en the maeltines? The egg shell is just.
e uraap ing the growth of a dense for- as porous before it is in the machine'
+st roof. He will come to realize that as afterward, and it will lose moisture
9�ie mentzty of prcduets taken from, just as quickly if wo are not careftil.
tis department of the farm win be Once the moisture has left the eggit
cit}
,o i
1z
r
l and
tripled is
fgives
he it'
Pthe
cannot be rep la ce • d, soI'
aa
that if this face
conte can4 i iera, don accorded other tor is not considered we start off with
vrope. an egg much too dvy for best hitches,
Perhaps re province in the Donin- Warm, circulating air is more thirs-
len offers more promising opportun- ty than cool, nia'ist air, ante will ab -
dries for the adoption of =stern wood- sorb water from an egg ever so much
rot practices than does Ontario. The more quickly. So when batching eggs
growth of her unsurpassed virgin for- are to be held for a day or more they
gists proves the a1aptaaiIity of her should be placed in a cool, damp place.
coils and climate. The wide variety The cellar is often the best place, and
irf theee .oils provalee for the produce the kitchen the worst,
#ion of wood to meet every human If you will gather your hatching
teed. Here may be found extensive eggs often, if you will keep them from
areas not well suited to the culture of getting heated enough to start germ
other crops, that may well be devoted development, and will place theist in
to forestry work. Tire hest markets a place which is neither too warm nor.
in the world are available and trans- too dry, you will get good results. In
portation lines and woodworking face doing this you eliminate two factors
tories were built for marketing this :heating and drying, -which spoil
particular class of products. Since more hatehing eggs than anything
general fanning predominates, the else.
Dominion Department of
Agriculture.
Tie- Report of the Minister of Agri -
mature at Ottawa, for the year end-
dna _aiareh 31st, 19.20, makes reference
to :+ cenferenee of representatives of
F. feral mid Provincial Departments
at shi%h an agreement was reached
which will, to a large extent, elimin-
ate overlapping and allow for close
eo-operation in the varieties of work
carried on. Production, it was agreed,
is to he carried on through provincial
activities, while marketing and ex-
cera;rental work are to be cared for
by the Dominion Department, except
where special arrangements to the
contrary are deemed wise. The Report
of the Minister covers, in addition, the
I€j
1
work of the Department carried on
through the year by the various
branches: Dairy and Cold Storage,
Seed, Live Stock,'Health of Animals,
Fruit, Entomological, Publications,
International Institt-te, and Experi-
mental Farms. Among the new ac-
tivities reported are the record of
performance for poultry and special
relief policy of the Live Stock Branch,
with relation to the supplying of feed
to unfortunate districts in the Prairie
Provinces. The Report is distributed
by the Publications Branch, which is
shown to have sent out, during the
year, two and a half million copies
of publications.
A dollar saved is a dollar earned.
But be sure it is real saving.
_ 1444444.4.464444.444.4.6,444,444*
sieePi es late, but because her familyily
insisted that a setool-teacher on her
summer• vocative ought to sleep late.
As she sat down in her cool, loose blue
smock she retieed the contrast be-
tween herself and her sister Frances,
who, neat and trim, all ready for her
day at the offiee, sat opposite her.
`'clave a roll. Jailer asked her
µatlier. ••Now that you are at home
;:oat ::rust eat end get those rosy
cl:eels hal:.tkaiz}.'
"Don't worry about ate," said Jane
ailing.
-I'na se gaga you are here at last,
ar," Fetid Francon "l couldn't bear
to think ..f you away up there in that
little cehuo1 among the horrid coal
mines. An'l we have always had such
good times together here."
"It 'feels perfectly wouderful to be
at home' sleeiared Jane.
"Oh, by the v.ity, sis;' said Rodney,
"I saw Martin or, the street yester-
day, and he wanted to know if you
were corning back to the Chronicle
this summer. He says lie wants to
make it permanent. Hes said you could
be so iety• ealitor by the first of the
year.
"Oh. no,Rodney," said Jane ntiadly.
"You know I n:a.ie my decision last
summer, I am a teacher, not a news-
paper woman,."
"Jere!" cried Frances sharply.
"How can you talk so? You can
change your mind. And such a splen-
did oiler! Why, before 1'd go back to
wear meself out in that tiresome hole
in the woods for the ,sake of a hundred
wild youngsters I'd---- ."
'It does seem as if the newspaper
work were not so tiring," said mother
gently.
Oft} .
co rse newspaper work is no
endmore lively," said Rodney.
"It is better paid; there's one thing
to be said for it," said father.
"Oh, but every consideration is
against teaching," Frances urged her.
"Teaching is just burying yourself,
wearing yourself out before your time.
You are never appreciated—"
Frances was interrupted by a sharp
ring at the doorbell.
"Postman," said Rodney. "I'll go."
He returned presently with a handful
of letters,
"One for Jane from her northern
town," he announced. "What queer
etriting!"
Jane tore it open and read it. At
the end she looked up with a little in-
articulate liaise that was neither a
sob nor a laugh, but a combination of
both.
"I wish you •people would read this,
she said breathlessly. "It's the rea-
son—one of the rea.rons--why I have
to go back to my high school. Herbert
is a little fellow in the junior high; he
just escaped being sent to reform
school the year before I went up there.
We got to be pretty good friends, and
while he ,was sick in the spring he
wanted to do something for me; so he
gave up smoking, I thought he never
had smoked since then., but—well, read
it."
She passed the disreputable -looking
little letter to her father, who slavely
read it aloud:
'Dear Teacher. I thought I would
write you a few lines because I have
something to tell you. You know that
last night at the party you asked me
if I 'had ever smoked again since I
promised not to, and I said no; but
Res
irtt Pilr;:mfitEabple.
INGE F .S LL, O1\'�lA3ti
it was a lie, because I had. No one
ever spoke aa kind _ words to me as
you hare, and you are•the only one I
ever gave my word to; and then I
only kept it a month, and I think that
is what made me feel so mean the last'
few weeks of school. That is why I.
never came to tell you good-bye,'
Please forgive me, and I will try hard-
er pot to smoke. 0 Miss Harrison, if
you only knew how sorry I art! I can
see the smile on your kind face yet.
Hoping to hear from you soon, I am,'
"Yours truly, Herbert Meehali; "
As Jane's father laid the blotted
little letter gently upon the tablecloth
no one spoke, Mother was wiping ber
eyes.,
i`Pltteky little chap;" stuttered Rod-
ney.
Jane smiled suddenly, re:Rentll.
"Dear people, don't you see why I
have to go back?"
`Yes, I see! I see, Jane:" eried
Frances, springing up to kiss ber,
"You blessed old dear!"
Sort over the vegetables and esti-
mate the anoint needed for home
use. All that can be spared will prove
fine green feed Ler the hens and help
to keep the breeding stock in, vigor-
aus condition until they oan use the
range every day. Mangels are cheap-
er than sprouted oats and are good.,
bealth producers but possibly they arel
not relished by the hers as much aas
oat sprouts. .
Dry mash hoppers can be made by
sketching the side view of a hopper
on the side of a packing bots. Then!
saw out the hopper and use the boards'
removed to close up the front and top.;
Use a small eleat in the front of the
hopper as a lip to keep the birds from"
drawing out the mash with their bilis.!
A piece of wide -meshed. poultry wire,
stretched across the opening will en -v
hens able the e t to eat,but 1 z
`. st
ing of tarso mash, Open receptacles for
serving dry mash do not work well i
according to err experience, as thea
hens Frequently scrateb in them..
When it issnowing and it!
g blowing
is much satisfaction to know that the
hens have hoppers of dry mash eery-;
ing them cafeteria fashion, with the,
balaneed ration which is as near asp
possible to ideal for egg production.
Of course it is not exactly like the
spring ration on the range, but it does
help to keep hens thrifty and makes
them lay,
Canada's Maple Products.
The manufacture of sugar and sy-
rup from the sap of the sugar maple
is an important farm industry in the
Eastern provinces of Canada, and par-
ticularly in Quebec. Long before the
white man settled the country, maple
syrup wns known to the aborigines,
and apart from wild honey was the
only intensely sweet product at their
contm.and. The methods of procuring
it were naturally of a very crude de-
scription. Modern methods have great.'
ly improved the product and have led
to an ever-inereasing demand. Quebec
province is the centre of the industry.
Of •, the 20,000,000 pounds, or there-
abouts, produced annually in 'Canada,
more than two-thirds have to be
credited to Quebec. Ontario is offi-
cially reported to be responsible for
five million pounds, and the Maritime.
Provinces for half a million pounds
only. The ether provinces of Canada
do not figure in the calculations,
Tliese facts are gathered from. a time-
ly pamphlet just issued by the De-
partment of Agriculture at Ottawa,
of which 3. B. Spencer, Director of
Publicity, is the author. From this
well illustrated anad technically detail-
ed publication it is also learned that
the production of maple sugar, and its
equivalent in syrups, of late years has
ahown a tendency to. decrease. From
1851 to 1861, we are told the average
yearly production was &mut 13,500,-
000 pounds, from 1861 to 1871 about
17,500;000 pounds, from 1871 to 1881,
19,000,000 pounds, and. from 1881 to
1891, 22,500,000 pounds. The latter
was. the pinnacle of annual production,
for in the next decade the average per
year was 21,200,09,0 pounds, and in
later years the average has been little
less than 20,000,000 pounds. It is
thought that perhaps. with the in-
crease ie price that has taken place
recently greater ; production may be
looked for. It is estienated that the
'value of the yearly manufacture of
sugar and syrup is x;2,000,000, dad
that- 50,000 people are'eniiiloyed in the
industry,at the height of .the season,
which isof very short duration, ex-
tending over only five or six weeks at
the most. Stringent laws •against the
adulteration of the product have been
Passed, especially in Quebec, where
schools of instruction have been
established and the Pure Maple Sugar
and Syrup Co-operative Agricultural
A.ssociation has .been organized.
It is easier to stay out than to get
out. -=•-Mark Twain.
THE SUNDAY SCHOOL
44440.44.444
1
FEBRUARY 20, 1921
-The Wise and the. Foolish Virgins, St. Matt. 25: 1-13.
Golden Text—St. Matt,, 2.5: 13.
eTi}ne and Place—Tuesday, April 4, sleep, but against lack of forethought,
A.A. 29; Mount of Olivest trusting to one's luck, Cnrist will
Connecting Links—Between the last" surely come,—when, we know not;
and that for to -day, Matthew therefore, be always. ready. kpow
Jesus' severe denunciation of Application. -•
the Pharisees (ch. 23: 1-36) and his 1. Tho parable of .the ten virgins.
lamentation over Jerusalem, ch, 2:1: shows how easy it is to miss the
37-39. Other incidents of the same golden opportunity. through 'neglect -
day in the temple are narrated in ing preparation. Shakespeare makes
Mark 12: 41-44, Luke 21,: 1-4, and one of his characters say:
-John 12: 20-a0, In the evening, "There is a tide in the agave' of men
,ascending the Mount of Olives with Which take r at the famel, lends on to
;laze diseipies, Jesus spoke to theins fortune:
about the events which should occur Qinitted, all the voyage of their life
before his second coming to ,judge the Is bound in shallon-a and ht miseries,"
world (eh. 24, compare Mark, ch. 13, How important therefore, is it to
and Luke 21: 5-36). The parable of make the right decision! When the
the Ten Virgins forms part of this war clouds burst over tae world in
discourse.
I. The "l'4 rating, 1-u.
V. 1, "hen, at the time of Christ's
1914, what if Britain had refused to
� anya
makedecision? on. hat if Canada
had delayedisi ''k
and debated and best -
coming, referred to in the previous toted?
chapter. Kingdom of heaven; the We are standing at the parting of
kingdom which the Messiah came to the ways in Canada. especially in
establish, the kingdom which is yam tS esters Canada, to -day, Shall we
rule of God, whether in the human commend Christianity to all the people
heart ar in society. It exists now, but with {resp enthusiasm and power, or
A has its full realization in eternity," shall we drift with the tide?
Iicra the Icingdoin es regarded tis In ones personal- life, too, �t is of
future, Likened uaito tan virgins; a great, importance to seize the strategic
round numbest, as we would say n opportunity before it elude aur grasp.
dozen. Or, perhaps the number "ten" How often sten and women regret
signifies completeness, ten according their wasted years of youth: the op-
to Jewish notions constituting,
gregation. The ten virgins sum up decision for Christina service delayed.
the whole body of Christians, of vvltom 2. Tho atais;konary application of
there are just two classes. The ten this parable, Missionaries toll us that
virgins, strictly speaking, do not rep- the'nations of the earth are in a
resent the kingdom of heaven, but plastic condition, and that such coun-
tries who are desirous of entering tr,es as China, 9 Korea, India, *re
those
into it. They stand for those who are awake as never before, and open to
in the kingdom,'so far as it can be spiritual impressions.. "If we win
China, we shall who the world," said a
missionary heme from Korea, only the
other day.
How eagerly young men sand WO-
*
a: con- portunity for an edueation gone; the
enjoyed on earth, but who are on pro-
bation so fax as the kingdom yet to
come is coneerned. Took their lamps.
Being saucer-shaped and shallow,
these held little o,1 and, therefore, men should Present themselves for
would soon require refilling. To meet service in these great days! And
the bridegroom. It is usually sup- $11001feat all church members be in -
posed that the virginswent forth stunt in prayer that God would send
from the house of the bride's parents,, forth laborers int° bis harvest?' We
tai which the marriage was to be cele- are to watch the signs nP the tunes,
orated, to meet the ,preeession of the: and tate indications are that the
bridegroom and his friends. Another Or err is ready* for the gospel as never
view is that the bride; room had - be ore. if vye delay, tlae countries in.
gone to the house of the bride to fetch' the East may drift into agnosticism,
her to his own house acid that the and the auprenie chance of the ecu -
virgins had gone out to meet the re turies he-missed-
turning,
e-missed,
turning,•aroe,ssaan. :i. The 2nd, ;lyd and 4th chance.
Vs. 'd-.+, Wise .. , foolish; not good , In the parable the foolish rirgins
and bad, but prudent and imprudent, were :hut out in the darkness, Their
thoughtful and thoughtless. No oil; ehance never owe again. There is
no additional supply. Oil in their ves- a deep anal soleu,n truth in this final
sets; an additional supply in caro of excIusat+n trs+m the liglrt, but in ordi»
need. The bridegroom tarried; an un -'nary life wo may recover ourselves
expected delay, thio to some accident sorne`vv hat. A youth may delay lois dee
ot the road. It suggests wane delay in cision for Christ, and later declare
Christ's return. All (wise anal fool- himself on the Master's side. But
ish alike) slumbered and slept. There there is loss of course, and his regret
was nothing wrong in their sleeping; will always be that ho postponed lass
dcic:i. If ve ' t
it was only natural after rho long rde o r v lime znitiSeau ha
night hears of watehirg. The Gree]. bultieti opportunity we must be con -
is vivid; they noddeu a bit, and then tent with the serous! or third best
fell sound asleep and continued in aftervvard;t,
slumber, perhaps in the shelter of a 4. at hat is the opportunity? It is
City gateway. S$ireono at death lie tt Jesus wines,ma as =Urination in the divine kingdom.
lie does to eve
find us asleep, or busy about our daily
ryy
work; but that matters little, if we
are trusting in and serving Him.
Vo have our Honor Rolls in our
churches and colleges of those who
enlisted in the Great War. Shall not
the Great Master write down our
II. The Warning, 6-9. names, every one, on the honor Roll
of the brave and valiant ones who join
Vs. 6-8. At midnight. So the Mos -1 God himself as his "fellow -workers"
sigh should wane (see 1 These. 5: 2).
Behold, the bridegroom; a brief, emus.
ing cry, beard by all the sleepers.
(Cai:}liaro 1 Thess. 4: 16.) Go ye out It is growing in our midst quietly. It
to meet him; literally, go forth to is nothing else than the reign of God.
mectisag.' ware on the earth, a reign that is to include
could be dispensedNoords with. Aroseused andthat all nations, Icindreds, tongues; akl in -
trimmed their lamps; by adding oil stitutions and societies; all legislation
and eleaeing the fibres with a needle. and industry; all vioys and sorrows.
Are gone out; Rev. Ver., "are going There is one rich opportunity be -
in his task of establishing. the king*
dm?But what is the "kingdom of God"?
out." The foolish virgins were not
altogether unwatehful. They were al-
most ready for the bridegroom's re-
turn.
V. 9. Not sa; omitted in the Rev.
Vera The refusal was not expressed,
but was implied in the reason given.
Lest there be not enough. Others con-
nect with what follows: "Lest there
be not enough . t to them that
sell." Go , , and buy. Some take this
for sarcasm. Could bil be bought at
midnight? If they went to buy, would
they not miss the festivities? As the
wedding procession to music and song
was very slow, perhaps there was a
chance of their buying and being back
in time to overtake it. Bruce thinks
the wise virgins simply refused to be
burdened with their neighbors' affairs.
Plummer says that "the refusal of
the wise virgins to ,give of their oil
indicates, not want of will, but of
power. It is impossible for one 'per-
son to impart to another thespiritual
power which comes from frequent
communion with God's spirit.
III. The Wedding, 10-13.
V. 10. While. The bridegroom was
nearer, or came quicker than even the
wise had -thought. Went to buy. Com-
pare Prov. 23: 23. There was no ques-
tion about the ability to buy. The oil,
symbolizing a living religion produced
by the Holy Spirit (see Ex. 30: 23-25,
30; Ps. 45: 7; Zecli., ch. 4) is without
money and without price, Isa. 55: 1;
Rev. 3: 8. The only difficulty was the
lack of time. It was too late. Ready;
the word on which the whole parable
turns. To be ready ?here means to be
properly equipped. Went in. .to the
marriage; Rev. Ver., "marriage
feast." Theblessedness of the king-
dom is often pictured at a banquet
(see chis: 8:. 11; 36: 29). The door
was shit. The guests were all sup-
posed to have entered with the pro-
cession.
Vs. 11, 12. Lord, Lord, open to us.
Compare ch. 7: 21. They had prob-
ably knocked and met no response;
now the fear that they may not be
admitted seizes their hearts, and they
make a last urgent, desperate appeal.
The appeal is addressed:to the bride-
groom; but it points forward, to the
Day of Judgment, and the bridegromn
becomes the Lord Jesus Christ. I
know you not. There is hero a picture
of those who are strangers to Christ,
rat belonging' to the number of His.
true disciples,,' who alone este the
kciz gdom of heaven. Ile infers from.
their not being on time that they do
not belong to the guests.
V. 13. Watch therefpre; the moral
of the parable, a warning Lot against
fore the youth of 'Canada to-day—the
life of definite service in building up
the Master's kingdom, and mare par-
ticularly the career of Christian lead-
ership. Wo need hundreds of recruits
for the ministry. There is no more
patriotic and satisfying service than
'this. It needs preparation. Just as
the "wise virgins" took "oil" with
them, and were ready for the mar-
riage „feast, so our best.leaders mast
equip themselves for the great tatty
of establishing Canadian life on the
foundation of Christ. The "foolish"
aspirants for leadership will rush to
their task without "oil," without the
necessary- training and years of r
tient study. The old question rint:3
out: i.SVho will go for us?"
Large vs. Small Tractors.
The farmer of the future must be a
mechanic rather than a day laborer,
remarks D. D. Gray, Superintendent
of the Central Experimental Farm at
Ottawa in the December number of
the Agricultural Gazette of Canada.
This, of course, must not be taken in
a literal 'sense, but rather as suggest-
ing that the -future agricelturist mist
combine with a multitude of other
things he requires to know, a greater
knowledge of mechanics than he has
formerly had. Accepting this sugges-
tion as his text, Mr. Gray tells of
records that have been kept at the
Central Farm on the cost of -operat-
ing three makes of tractors: The cost
of operating the . smaller tractor is
shown to be greater than thecost of
operating' the larger, that is in regard
to horse -power. The cost of diseang
with the smaller is shown to be less.,
due to greater .speed possible than
with. the larger. The cost of plowing
with the smaller is marc than with
the larger. The lighter 'montane
burned gasoline at a cost of 45 cents
per gallon and the heavier machin
kerosene at ,28}4 cents por gallon.
Cylinder, oil cost 85. cents per gallon.
HIDES -WOOL -FUR
Our bustnese lien peen built
up maim wiilingnasei and
ability to -gate' you real
s orvice,
WILLIAM STONE S0 1$ LIMITED
WOOiDSTOCK, ONTARIO
ESTAOLlSHED 1870 '"