The Exeter Times, 1920-9-30, Page 2CONDUCTED BY PROP. HENRY O. BELL
The object of this. department hi to place at the ser -
i. Moa of our farm readers the advice of an acknowledged
t authority on all subjects pertaining to soils and crops.
Address all .questions to Professor Henry Q. Bell, in
taro of The Wilson Publishing Company; limited, Toros-
to, and answers will appear In thle column in the order
in Which they are received. When writing kindly men.
• elan this paper. As space 1s limited It is advisable where
immediate reply Is necessary that a' stamped and ad.
dressed envelope be enclosed with, the question, when
gin answer will be malted d:irecn
P. R.:—I have eighty acres of roll-
ing eared and black loam mixed and
most always fail with clover on. those
sand spots, so I thought if I would
Ilene this soil I could get clover. 1iIy
farm is about all tilled and have quite
a lot of learnyard manure. Now, what
I would like to know is, 'which is the
best kited of lime to use? How much
shall I sow on this sandy land? How
is it shipped, whether in sacks or in
bulk?' When is the proper time to
sow; ht spring or fall. I have twelve
acres of this ground I would like to
sow to fall crops and intend to seed
in spring to clover.
Answer:—I would advise your pur-
chasing ground limestone and apply-
ing to the soil in question this fall.
if the ground has been plowed, broad-
cast the limestone on top of it and
work it with one harrowing. The
Iimestone is shipped in bulk. When
seeding I would advise you to apply
about 250 lbs. fertilizer analyzing 2
to 3 per cent. ammonia, 8 per cent.
phosphoric acid and 2 to 3 per cent.
potash. The limestone should be ap-
plied to the ground at least two
weeks ahead of the fertilizer.
you should not pasture the crop heav-
ily. In order to insure a good catch,.
I would advise fertilization as indi-
cated in question No. 1,
R. R.:—Will you kindly inform us
whether the spreading of barnyard
manure in which there ie smutty
wheat straw would have a tendency to
spread this disease, especially where
the manure is used as a top -dressing
for wheat. Would you also state
whether treating the wheat for smut
-would overcome the difficulty.
Answer:—The spreading of barn-
yard manure in which there is smutty
wheat straw, which would undoubted-
ly contain a .certain number of infect-
ed heads of wheat, would have a ten-
dency to spread the disease if the ma-
nure is used as a top dressing for
wheat. T am not in touch with any
information.. as to whether the treat-
ment of the wheat to avoid smut
would protect it against the disease
from this source next summer. The
smut spores germinating would affect
the young wheat seeding and in all
probability induce a perpetuation of
the disease. This of course applies to
bunt or stinking smut and not Ioose
smut of wheat, which is an entirely
different disease. However it would
be possible to accomplish the perpetu-
ation of loose smut by the use of in-
fected straw as you describe. Why
not avoid the difficulty by retaining
the manure for root or corn crops and
tap dress your wheat crop with 200 to
300 lbs. per acre of fertilizer carrying
from 2, to 3 per cent. ammonia, and•
10 to 12 per cent. phosphoric acid. By
th:s means you will give the young
crop much needed nourishment and
would be absolutely sure that you ap-
ply neither weeds nor disease.
11. F.:—Would winter vetch be like-
ly to catch well if dined in or culti-
vated in with spring -tooth harrow
after rye, on a loose sandy soil? What
is the mode in this locality of harvest-
ing winter vetch for seed?
Answer:—Winter' vetch should be
sown with winter rye, which gives it
protection for the winter. I doubt if
you can get sufficient growth at this
time by discing in winter vetch after
a crop of rye. Vetch is harvested when
ripe much the same as peas, and
threshed similarly.
C. Ii. —t have a field that 1 am
summer -fallowing for wheat, which I
would like to seed to bluegrass for
_permanent pasture. When can this
seed be sown to the best advantage,
this fall or neat spring? Should it
be sown alone? Where can I get the
seed? I would like general informa-
tion an bluegrass culture.
Answer:—Bluegrass for permanent
pasture can be sown either in spring
or fall. In view of the lateness of the
season, unless you are pretty far
south in the province, I would advise
waiting till spring. I would also ad-
vise using a nurse crop—if in the fall,
of course you will use fall wheat; if
in spring, either wheat or barley, not
`thicker than lei bushels per acre.
From 20 to 30 lbs. seed should be used
to the acre. This seed is very light,
the standard weight being only 14 lbs.
per bushel. Any of the reliable seed
houses carry this grass. •Speaking
generally, you will not see much thick
growth until about the third year,
since the grass has to become estab-
lished, Of course, in the meantime,
LESSON L—OCTOBER 3.
Birth and Childhood of Jesus, St.
Matthew I and 2. Golden
Text, Matt. 1: 21.
1: 1-17. The Book of the Genera-
tion. The author of the gospel set
te'mself the task, which seemed to him
exceedingly interesting and important,
of tracing the ancestry of Jesus back
to Abraham, the founder of the He-
brew race. This was made possible
by the family lists and records which
had been carefully preserved by many
families, especially after the Baby-
lonian exile. These it seems, did not
always agree. In the Gospel of Luke
(3: 23-28) there is another and inde-
pendent list. Matthew makes only
nine generations between Zerubbabel
and Joseph, but Luke has seventeen.
Many of the names are different. The
matter is not one of great importanc
to us and need not occupy our time.
Both evangelists intend to show the
descent of Joseph from David. Wes-
ley, in his Notes on the New Testa-
ment, referring to the differences,
says that "The difficulties rather af-
fect the Jewish tables than the credit
of the evangelists."
2: 1-15: The Child of Bethlehem.
Herod, commonly known as "Herod
the Great," was king under the Roman
sovereignty from B.G. 37 to BC. 4.
It is quite evident, therefore, that our
Christian era has been made to begin
several years too late. Jesus must
have been born in B.C. 5 or 6. Herod
was an able but unscrupulous man,
who was guilty of many crimes. His
wife, the beautiful Mariamne, was a
descendant of the Asmonaean kings,
She and two of Herod's sons were
murdered by him. The man who could
commit such brutal crimes in his own
household might well have been guil-
ty of the murder of the Bethlehem
children. The teacher should consult
Matthew's History of New Testament
Times in Palestine,s or
Riggs'
History
of the Jewish People in the Maccabean
and Roman Periods, for an account of
Herod's reign.
"Wise Men." Just who they were
and from what country they came we
do not know. The wise men, or magi,
of Persia are mentioned by Greek
writers . and the Chaldean wise men,
in the Book of Daniel. An eerier. Chris-
tian tradition represented them as
kings, and regarded their earning as a
fulfilment of the prophesy of rsalln
72: 10.15. Herod was troubled when
be heard of their coming, for he knew
that the expectation of a great Ding
and Saviour, which was based upon
ancient praphecee was cherished by
litany of the people, and he feared that
this might mean the end of his own
kingdom. He had come to the throne
and had held it by fraud and violence,
and his guilty conscience may have
been stirred by dread of a coming
judgment.
"Into Egypt." The words of Hosea
quoted in verse 15 in the original pas-
sage referred backward to the deliver-
ance from Egypt (Hos. 11: 1). Here,
by a curious change of direction, they
are made to look forward to Christ.
Autumn Work in the Garden.
Bulbs are probably the easiest and
the most satisfactory plants for the
amateur to grow, either indoors or
out. Once planted in a suitable loca-
tion they require very little care,
-blossom brilliantly, and quickly yield
their space to something else. The
term bulb, as commonly used, includes
many sowers besides the true bulbs.
They are divided into two general
classes: the hardy bulbs which are
planted in. the fall and are able to
stand the cold of the winter; and the
tender bulbs which have to be taken
up in the fall, stored over winter in
the cellar and planted again in the
spring.
Among the more common hardy
bulbs are the hyacinths, tulip, nar-
cissus, peonies, iris, and crocus. They hesive plaster.
should be planted as early in the fall One small -size roll package sterile
as they can be obtained. Early Oe- ized gauze.
tober is a good time. One small -size paokage sterilized
They should be in the ground long absorbent cotton:
enough to get their roots well estab- One-half dozen assortocl sizes Steri-
dished before the ground freezes hard, lined bandages.
but not long enough to make any top One card safety pins.
growth before the winter sets in. One package of needles.
They all require a rich, well -drained One package toobhpioks,
soil for their best development: One nail or hand brush.
A very good effect may be obtained One =all pair of •scissors,
by scattering tulips and • crocuses In addition to the above suppliies,
about in the grass of the lawn. They the first-aid cabinet should ,contain a
bloom early with striking effect and' First -Aid Manual—(see Red Cross
soon wither down so that they do not text book or any standard manual.)
interfere with the lawn mower. They Every woman, especially one having
may delay the cutting of the grass a the care of small children, should
little while but they are worth it, learn the use of the •clinical tll'er-
Except when planted in the grass mom.eter and bedpan, to give an en -
in this way, all bulbs appear better in ema, to massage or to bathe and drees
massed plantings, in beds and bord- a patient in bed, to bandage and -to
ere. - As t he different kinds bloom at give fns., aid in emergenclies: '
different times, it is possible to ar- Sick Room --If it is possible to pro-
'range them so that some oe them will vide it, every: home should contain one
be in bloom practically all summer, sunny bedroom with 'plain or Wash-
They multiply quite rapidly and when able walls and furniture, without car-
they begin to crowd they 'should be pets or draperies, that can be used
taken up, the roots divided and the as an isolation sick room in case of
bulbs reset. illness Of emergency.
The commonest of the so-called Burns or Scalds --For other than
tender bulbs are the gladiolus, dahlia, small and light burin , ,send for a
canna and tuberose. These must be physician. The child may die from
taken up in the fall before the ground shock,
freezes, left on the ground for a few Emergency Treatment. ---Remove
hours to dry and then stored in a ;clothing by cutting where necessary.
dryThey irty-ointments or oils because
cool, cellar. are set out Avoid d
again early in the spring and bloom of the danger of rnfectioa. Apply to
in the late •summer, j burn as • quickly as possible szeeral.
- 0NTARIO
FiRE PREVENTi
LEAGUE'N
IN AFFILIATION WITH TH.
ONTARIO FIRE .MARSHAL'S 0
DoPrcf PROVINCIAL TREASURE'
Gooch* F.Lew s. Secey Trees
TORONTO
Every Fire hazard about the place should be eliminated. Fire Prevention simply meanshe saving
of millions in propertyand more in life.
VOUR
-10101.612011111 110011110•IMOINNIE•••1
BABY
TWELFTH ARTICLE.
The Sick Baby.
The baby is sick if he has:
:to appetite. •
Vomiting.
Diarrhoea,- or • more
movements a day.
Constipation: less • than one good
movement a . day.
Fever.
Rash.
Signs of a cold, sore throat, cough
or discharging from the eyes and nose.
Sweating of the head, especially if
accompanied by restlessness and cry-'
ing at. night..
Loss of , weight or failure 1» gain
properly.
inhat to do for any sick baby:
Give him an abundance of fresh air.
Undress him and put hint quietly to
bed.
Sponge with tepid water if he is
feverish.
Give little or no food but plenty of
pure cool water.
Send for the doctor. If the baby is
sick enough to need medicine he is
sick enough to have a doctor give it.
First Aid; Home Remedies.
than three
First -Aid Cabinet— A properl
equipped first•aid cabinet is a neces-
sity in every home and imperative
where there are small children. Finst-
aid 'remedies should be placed. in a
small cabinet - out • 'of "reach of chil-
dren's fingers. Supplies should be ree
placed as often as necessary:
The following list will contain
everything .that ea needed for ordinary
emergencies:
Two -ounce bottle each of glycerine,
and tincture green soap.
One -ounce bottle each of tincture of
iodine, peppermint, glycerine with
phenol (5 per cent.), and soda -mint
tablets.
One tube each of zinc ointment and
vaseline.
One-half pint each of olive oil, milk
of magnesia and mineral oil..
One medicine dropper.
One clinical. thermometer.
One nasal and throat spray.
One hot water bag.
One fountain syringe with rectal tip.
One bulb syringe,
One :.•siltallesize roll surgeon's ad -
layers of soft cloth wet with solution
of baking soda. Keep air away froue
burn. As soon as pain is allayed,
'apply zinc oxide ointment and
bandage. .
PodrY
My half-grown ducks become • weak
n legs, their necks crook, and then
They dfe,.in a few days. Th y are out
on range. I feed cracked corn. They
grew fine until recently.
Leg weakness in ducks is often
caused by too much concentrated food
and not enough exercise. Instead of
so much crackedcorn try a mash con-
taining about fifteen per cent. of corn
meal, ten. per cent of beef scrap and.
the remainder bran, with possibly a
little low-grade flour if it ,can be ob-
tained. Five per cent. of coarse sand
can also be added to the mash with
good results. The. ducks also need
plenty of green feed and will eat more
clover or green rye if it ishnixed with
the mash.-
* Another easily made mash some-
times used consists, of six parts of
wheat middlings, six parts of corn
meal and one part beef scrap. This
can be moistened' and made into a
crumbly mass and the ducks given
all they will clean 'lap in a few min-
utes. Do not overfeed so any of the
mash will be left after their appetites
seen about satisfied. 'Ducks need
plenty of water;in dishes deep enough
so that the nostrils can the covered
when they drink., They also need
shade on their range on hot summer
days as growing ducklings do net
thrive when exposed too, much to the
hot sun.
Agriculture is tae venerable mother
of all the arts. 'Virtue and good sense
and a contemplative turn of mind are
universally characteristic of an agri-
cultural people
FRUIT GROWERS AND PACKERS
IMMEDIATE, DELIVERY:
GOVERNMENT STANDARD APPLE BOXES
Will place your apple pack in the; consumers' hands
In the moat -favorable condition.
FIRSTBROOK . BROS. , Limited
283 King Si. E. - - Toronto
1
Cord or
Fabric.
Chance never drew a neat pic-
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In the making of Partridge Tires
nothing is left to chance—detail
perfection is secured by craft-
manship scientifically directed,
and rigid inspection insures
outstanding quality.
Partridge Tires are all
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Their " Name
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dheeslhecneee
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•
ERE is yet time to preserve the autumn fruit for winter
enjoyment. LANTIC "Fine" retains all the bouquet of
Y
sun -ripened Pears s andPeaches.
How
your
folks i
I
l
enjoy the .clear, white delicately -flavoured pears, the rich
j h
peaches whole and luscious! LANTIC'goodness is more melt-
ing, it dissolves at once in the hot syrup without over -cooking.
AT! Loy mrrED.�N o+rtREAl. Es,
you will
licit
2
ROSES AND SOME
OTHER THINGS
It` was characteristic of Theodor
to go to the highest authority wile
she wanted to know abeut anything,
This, .paxticular evening she was
troubledover .something; so she ems -
ed the. roac[; to Judge, Candler's, S.nee
her father's death, the judge, her
f'ather's oldest friend; 'was her trusted
court :of'appeals.•
Tice. judge wao in his rose garden.
To him his roses were music and poetry
slid recreation and adventure all in
one.Ile; waved excitedly to Theodora
as she pushed. open the gate.
"I've done it!" he cried.
"Which one?". Theodora called, with
instant interest.
"The , tea—that old Safrano stock.
Wait till you see it!"
Theodora ran across to where he
stood beside a slender 'plant that ha
had trained to pour all its life intoits
one splendid blossom.
"Ohl" 'Theodora tried. "It's .like
dawn—or a star—ora May morning.
It's, lovelier than I ever dreamed it
could be."
"Yet after all," she added later, ;on
the piazza, "what I really love with
all my heart is your everyday garden,
where you ean always gather hand-
fuls of beauty. I love thatso that I
want to hug it every time I stop in-
side the border."
"To tell you the truth, so do 1,"
the judge agreed. Then his voice
changed. "Whet's,'the trouble, child$'"
he asked.
"How did you know that there was
any trouble?" Theodora tried to parry.
"As easily as I know whether one
of my roses is sick. But perhaps it's
none of my business." -
1: "Yes, it es, That's why I came over.
Only it's Bard to get started." -
The judge waited quietly, and
`presently Theodora spoke.
"It's—you see—I had hoped to do
something with my music. I worked
I for it so many years. But if you; are
going to do anything with..annsic, you
can't do.a thousand other things, too.
•Of couese, for . the first two years
after father went I -did not expect to
do anything but oarry on at home.
But now that Betty is old .enough., I
can't decide, you see, which is _ the
right thing to do with my life."
"Seems to nee you've beenusing
your music pretty steadily, coir. if
you -have had housed=.eepine end
chickens and young folks and viage
affairs to keep going at the same
trine?" `'-
"Oh, I can always use it; it isn't
that! .But I never can do anything:
real w;th it --anything so • big as I
might • have:'".
The judge's clear eyes looked doyen
over iris gardens, . re
"The question 'before the cmir1 •
seems to be whether Theodora Arnold
wants to be a prize rose all trimmed
away to a single blue-ribbon blossom
or a rose that isn't working for prizes
bat only for everyday beauty to give
to anyone that needs it. Is tieet it,
Theodora?"
Theodora looked up with startled
eyes.
"I wonder if that is it!" she said:.
Sails Help Wheels.
Did any'boy ever,th1nk of putting a
sail ou a wheelbarrow?
Surely not. It took the brain of the
Chinese boy to work out that. idea.
At any time you may see two urchins
sailing their wlieelbarrow•s� along a
street'in a town in 'China.
The sails ars rigged atter a fashlon
commonly seen on the boats that tra-
verse rivers in China. To the mast is
fastened a yard, the two ends of which
are tion. ,ao opposite oorner, of the rec-
tangular piece of cotton in such wise —elk
as to keep,lt Spread.
One notices, . that the wheelbarrows
are heavily loaded. With a- favoring
breezes. the sails contribute a lot of
help.
;►-
Because of parasites and germs,
The farm should all be sanitary-•
The barn, the fence -rows, yards and
lots,
As well as just the dairy.
Good feed, sunshine and exercise
are needed by the growing pigs. Sea
that yours have all three. Do this
after you provide the same for all
the boys and girls.
The health of- the child is the power
of the nation. The most important
Work mothers can do is to rear strong
amen and women to carry on the work
of the,future. And the world will•„j.
need strong men and women in the
years to come as it never did before•,,
Start xvith sheep in the fall—that is
the best throe Purchase a fcw grade
ewes and pasture them on stubble,
then mate them with a purebred ram.
Bred ewes are a good buy,. but they
tare generally scarce. A beginner
should start with not more than eight
oe ten ewes.
I had .my' old lawn -mowers well
sharpened and pat in good shape two
or three •!Ames, and still they would
choke down .easily, even in moderate,
heavy grass; and it would be neces{
sary to back up and make a run to
get through. This springy' I purchased
a good three -cornered file and deep-
ened. the grooves on the traction sure
faces of the drive -wheels. And oh,
what nm difference! They now run like
new ' Meiners. •