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The Exeter Times, 1919-7-24, Page 5Tef ";t. lT11$i)AY, JULY 24th, 1910 How 'about a Bathroom• • 111 your ..Molise° • • 0 Why not let us• instal a pumping outfit as illustrat- ed here so that you will' be saved the trouble of pump ing water for the stock while you are . busy in the field. Haying will be here in a few weeks, Boeing and then harvest andto be relieved of • the burden of pumping'' water will make it easier for you. ,Ask us to; call and, see . what, you require. We will be glad to do so. ( Noble & Rich SANITARY..ANIJ HEATING• ENGNEERS. Phone 53.8' Lon4on, On. Greenway A little son has come to live with Mr. and Mrs. L. Stone. Miss Emma McPherson is visiting ( 'friends in Ailsa Craig.. Mr. and Mrs. Murch and family spent the week -end in Parkhill. ,„ c^,Mrs. J. Hickey _is in St. Joseph Hospital London, taking rest cure.`. Russell Brown is suffering from a severe attack of intestinal indigestion IVtr. and Mrs. J. Brophey and Miss, '^ iledwards were Arkona visitors 're' oently. 1Vriss B. Talbis and Miss Marion. Bherrritt visited friends in Granton last 'week. The Greenway' Patriotic Associa- tion held an enthusiastic reception at the home of Mr. Fred Durr last Thursday evening in honor of their son, Pte. Melvin Durr who has re- turned from overseas, and on Friday might they met at the home of Mr. J. McPherson to welcome Pte. Walter McPherson to his home and friends. We are very grateful to see our boys coming hoarse. Zurich. Rev. H. Rembe has left for Hamil- ton, where he •spent his two week's 'vacation. Mrs. Pauline Faust who has been -visiting relatives, left for her home in Chicago. • Mr. M. Ayers, of Detroit is visit- ing at the home of her mother, Mrs. inliza Truemner. Mr. and Mrs. Ed. Appel, who spent ;some months in Detroit returned to their home here. 1fr. and Mrs. Wagner, also Mr. Ar- thur Well of Detroit, visited at the home of Mr. H. Well. Mr. Ezra Kaercher and two dau- ghters of Kitchener, visited relatives :here for a few days last week. Mr. Alex Foster was awarded the •contract for building four cement cnlverte in the township of Hay. Mr. and Mrs. Arthur Stelck from the West are visiting at the home of the latter's mother, Mrs. S. Rennie. Mrs.' A. J. Raabe and daughter, _Myrtle, of South Bend, Ind., are vis- itiitg.' i•elativea',anel'freiids ]fere Mr. J. E. Meyer of Blake who re- Cently;•-aretut•t ed ;G•, om :gyerseas, alms left for London -Where Tie has taken position on the police force. Mr: A3idrew •Price:"retun ed to' hie- 1tome here on Tuesday after being aoverseas for several years. He enlist- ed with the 161st Huron Battalion. A reception was held one evening xecetnly at the bonne of Mr, and Mrs. ?1? Diechert, Jr., in honor of Mr. Al- bert Thiel, who, returned from,,..over- seas a few weeks ago. Mr. and Mrs. John L. Gerber, Mr. said Mrs. R. Swartzentruber and Messrs. Jacob and Chris. Swartzen- truber attended the funeral of Mrs. Leis near Tavistock. On Thursday, July the 2nd there passed away after a lingering illness Mrs. Lydia Kehn, nee Lydia- Brown aged 2'9 years. She was born in Zur- ich where she resided up untill eight years ago. Besides her husband and si four year old daughter there sur- vive five brothers and four sisters and her parents in Zurich. The feu- -oral was held on Sunday afternoon to the cemetery at Blair,. A service of special interest was held at the Lutheran church. The raster, Rev. H. Rembe, delivered a strong sermon on Peace and suitable :hymns were sung by the choir and congregation. The interior of the church was appropriately decorated, With flags and flowers. At the close of the service the Honor Roll of the church was unveiled. The Roll con- tains the names of twenty-five young men of the congregation, three of -whom paid the supreme sacrifice. RET) HAIR 30201 The Standard bred trotting stallion 38 a prize winner at Toronto and London: Fair and is a good stock lease, Enrollment in forfn ono. Wm. MitcTteli, Proprietor Russeldale i Mr. Ed. Grant left on Monday for Windsor where he intends taking a position. The Jack Canuck Club picniced at Grand Bend on Saturday and report a most enjoyable time. .:.Mrs. Crawford and family of But- tress, Sask., were visitors at the home of Mr. and Mrs. Gleason • Gill last week.. Mr. and Mrs. A. Hodgert visited rat the home of the latter's 'mother %alis ' Mary McTaggart, of Staffa, on Sunday. •Dr,tHarris and Mr. and Mrs. Earl Chaistie (nee Miss Sadie Harris) "of Tonawanda, N.Y., were guests for a few days last week at the'home 'of Mr. and Mrs. John Cole. Mr. and Mrs. Copeland a,nd fam- ily of London, spelt 'the week-end.at the home of Mr. and Mrs. John. Mc- Phan. Miss Mary'.McPhail returned. to the "Forest City" with them to visit friends for a' couple of weeks.. Centralia POULTRY WANTEp.. Highest prices paid for all kinds of live poultry on Monday, `Tuesday and Wednesday of each •week .at Parsons -Davis, Centralia, Ont. ' Crediton We the undersigned merchants• of Crediton. agree to close our places of bttsinesd "on ''Thursday at 12.30 o'clock iluring 1110' n baths : dt ' `July had Anglian; Witlictbd 4 reepttion that When a hbliida ' c 4niea' tinting the :week'sttires nwY21 rennin*, open. W, :Ormo' M 13t I,• H 1ciltxliniin t' B. Brown sae: W. H. Sambrook H. Silber and Son C. Zwicker C. Trick 0. Ewald �'•' August Hill • C. Beaver J. G. Young'and Son ' •L Foist Bros:. t i'• F. Weurth and Sb1i ' Mclsaac and »»Wolfe' 4 • ••4 , e.,,'• G. K. Eckert, V. S. Trrivethick and .Hudgins A. Moriock Mr. and Mrs. Roeding spent .the week -end at Mr. Thos. Trevethick.' Miss Elsa Kienzle, nurse in train- ing at Hamilton, Is holidaying at her home here: T Mr. Chesney,of the Bank of Com- nterce is holidaying at his home in Seatorth. ' Mr. Arthur fiambroek returned: to Toronto Saturday, .,Miss.; Lorene re=•• turning with•,•hiw, Mr. and 'Mrs: W. ' A. Sambrook.: •spent the week=end' in- Chatham • Miss , Der>4 is 'Jefferson of Granton,- is visiting friends In the village, the guest .of. iliss.Queenie Hodgins. Mr. and Mrs. C. Zwicker spent a few days last week in Chicago. Miss Losetta Hoist is visiting friends in Hamilton, " Miss Esther Haucli of Chicago, is visiting her parents, Rei. and Mrs. S M. Hauch. ' Rev, Medd of Exeter will occupy the pulpit of the Methodist church next Sunday morning and evening. Another of the aged residents of the 'village passed away on Thurs- day last at the age of 92 years in the person of Mrs: Gaiser. The funeral was held Sunday afternoon to the Evangelical cemetery. The sympathy of the community is extended to the bereaved family. There passed away at her home in the village on Sunday morning one of aged residents in the person of Mrs. Christopher Eilber. Deceased had been ailing for some. time. The funeral was held Tuesday to the Ev- angelical cemetery. Besides her • sora rpwing, husband two daughters and two., sons survive, Mrs. Wei:' 'Levels, and lvlrs. Daniel Sweitzer Of lklgon= quin Park and Charles and'0`acob of Corunna, Mich. The sympathy" of the connmunity is extended to the be- reaved. family, Cromarty A :number .of. the young people of , the -viIlage.. and neighborhood pic- nicked- at Grand Bend on Thursday last. Mr. Gersham and •Har'ry Speare of Toronto visited at the home qf, their another, Mrs. Samuel $peare,.. over the holidays. Mr. C. FairhaIl of Centralia was the guest of Mr. Frank Cie will of London over the week -end. , • Mr. Frank Hicks of Richmond Hill one of the biggest dairy. and Holstein men of that section spent the week -end with his brother on the old homestead. - Mr. Earl Hodgson of the Hydro department Toronto spent the holi- day with his parents. Mr. Milton Sleamon's new barn north of the village is finished far enough to receive the crop and adds much to the appearance of the farm. Mrs. Bowslaugh and Mrs. Turner entertained the infant class of the Sunday school on the parsonage lawn Thursday afternoon. The ladies aid will hold an ice cream social the same evening at the same place. • Hens ll ' • -Miss •St'ella Robson iat 'ibrorito fs visiting her sister, Ml's. H. Arnold. `w Miss Lily McKay, of Windsor, is spending her vacatidn; •at I}ep. home here. Dr. and Mrs. SelIery, of Toronto, visited friends and relatives in Hen- sall and vicinity. Mrs. J. Pope and daughter Ellen, have left for a visit to Brandon and other western points. Mr. Charles Cook, of Chicago, vis- ited his mother, Mrs. H. Cook. Miss Ida Cudmore of Toronto, is spending her vacation at her home in Hensall. Mrs. Hoskins of Mitchell, is visit- ing her parents, Mr. and' Mrs. Dun- can McMartin. Miss Marion and Master Jack Scott who have been visiting their grand- parents in Hensall have returned to their home in Toronto. Mr. L, Higgins, who has spent the past four years in Chili as Civil En- gineer in the copper mines there, visited Iris aunt and uncle, Mr. and Mrs. W. C. Davis. Miss Ida Dinsdale of California, who have been spending the past two months at her home here, left for Toronto where she has accepted a position. Mr. Thos. McKay, who has, just returned from overseas visited his brother Mr. Wm, McKay. Mr. Mc- Kay enlisted with an Edmonton bat- talion and has been in France since 1916. He was a piper in the Kiltie Band. Mrs. Donaldson, who is at present in very poor health arrived in Hen- sall on Saturday evening front- 112'tts-. koka where she has been for some time past, Mrs. Donaldson's condi- tion was•such that she was.unable to travel by daycoach • 'and.a a s c aI y pe i car was attached to the local train to convey her here, • A reception was held at the home of James Scott, near the village on Thursday eve last to welcome home Pte. Thomas Laing and Lieut Howe and Mahaffy. Lieut Howe and Pte: Laing arrived home the beginning of the week. Lieut. Mahaffy.,has been home for some time. A very •enjoy- able time was 'spent on the lawn, and a very fine impromptu program was rendered. Lieut. Howe and- Mahaffy each gave excellent and impressive speeches: After the program was over Iunch was served. Henry Webber of Seaforth, spent„ the holidays at the home of Mr... Richard Hoggarth' in the village Thames Road Quite a number from. here spent Peace Day at Grand Bend. 1).t,. Thos lsassmore is confined'°'% the' Acieise,;through illness. • See George Bosnell (,ret'drnted a le visiting at.•,the home of Mr. Wesley Joints. ; Mrs. John Whitlock and Miss da of Stratford are holidaying in. this neighborhood. Mr. and Mrs. Walkom and child- I ren of Fullerton, spent Sunday at Mr. Arthur Doupes. -Miss Celia Ferguson of Chatham, is spending Iter vacation with friends in this vicinity.. • Mr. 'A. T. Cooper bf Clinton will preach in Bethany next Sunday after- noon, in the interest of Temperance. Miss Verna Whitlock and Miss Hel- en Millar returned last week after attending Sumpter School at Alum College, St. Thomas. Mrs. Robert Mavers and four children of Vancouver arrived here Iast Tuesday evening to visit her par- ents, Mr. and Mrs, Thos. Passmore. Elimville' Miss Hannah of Clinton is visiting the Misses Cora and Viola Bell, Mrs, George Smith had the mis- fortune to fall and sprain her ankle one day last week. Mr. Charlie &elfin and WiII Skel- ton spent the week -end at the hone of Mr. and Mrs. Wes. Horne. Elimvilie held their annual picnic at Grand Bend last Saturday, (Peace celebration day) and all report an excellent time. CASTOR IA For Infants and Children In Use For Over 30 Years ' FAlways bean's theen i t tarns rotit ., p• THIRTY YEARS 'E1:r' i► The following • Items are taken from the Exeter Times of thirty years ago, July '24th, 1879, 1 A foot roe for ;t't'r1;aellars a side was run at, ' ucan . yesterday''by' Mr. *. 'PalkWill tot" Eteter, and Mr. A.A. McLean of Lucan resulting in a vic- tory'for the former;- nee., Mr. J •R r eNebb of Exetet. is at present s bridiisly' ill''"With typhoid fever, in St. Thomas, at which place he has been working for some time. At last account However he was inn - proving. We were in error last week about the amount of wood that was burned at. the L. H. and B. station, Hensall. There were only eight hundred cords of, wood In the pile, about fifty of which- were destroyed, not eight hun- dred as erroneously was stated last week. The;; market reports for that week included the following: Fall wheat .$1.00 to $1.05 Barley 40., to 50c, Oats, 37 to 38c. ' • Eggs 8c, butter 8c to 11c; flour per bbl:':$5;00; hogs, dressed per 100 $5.00; hay per. ton $8.00; turkeys per Ib 7c;. geese 5e; ducks per pr. 50 to 60e. • a Marge• Snake.=A snake meas- .urrng•.•over ,eight feet in length and oiilvr.about three and a half inches around, was captured near Grand Bend, on Saturday., last by a party of excursionists. from Exeter. The rep- tile was brought home and was on -exhibition. on.,Sunday morning hang- ing outside.. the residence of the gen- tle man who acted as guide for the party. The.sound of the reaper is now heard .throughout the Iand. The greater portion of the fall wheat has been cut, and if not• injured by the rain before it is housed, will be a good sample. The yield will also be good. Barley is now almost ready for the sickle and will be an average yield. The spring wheat yield will be below the average. Oats and peas are a good .cropalthough the latter has been considerably injured by the bug TO CORRESPONDENTS During June, July and Aug - list the Times will ;,go to press Wednesday morning. The type forms will close :von., .Tuesday ' evening. • Correspendeets will • please,_ get their budgets -in one day, earlier than before, THE 'WESTERN FAIR 7LONDON, ONTARIO September 6th. to 13th. • Thenianagement of the Exhibition, London,''f3ntario; is to be congratu- lated on ha"wing secured for the Mid= way attraction this year the famous Johnny J. Jones Exposition which is without doubt, the greatest array of all-star feature attractions that' have ever been seen with any out -door Amusement •euterprise: Pk! ex position includes about •thir=ty shows and rides, all of which a're- of the ' very best quality. "They will require over fifteen hundred" feet of frontage Ito accommodate their shows. This Iwill be something new:and different from anything- ever presented to Western Fair visitors. The platform attractions•will be of a very high ord- er, consisting of Horse Acts, Trained Elephants, Trained Dogs, Monkeys and other animals, also some very high class' platform acts, which will be announced later. Prize lists, entry forms and all informatioh regarding the Exhibition furnished on application to the Sec- retary, A. M. Hunt, General Offices, "protecting Pigs From Snnscald." • Now that the hot summer weather has come those who own light colored pigs are 'beginning to complain ;of sunburn; or sunscald. This condition of the hide of the animal is similar Yd that of people; it gives the. same degree of uncomfortableness to the pig and is caused in the same man- ner. Consequently, the sane method of prevention and treatment m'ay'be tarried out. - In the -first place, "an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure," and the prevention is shelter. No matter what kind of stock is in the pasture, shade is essential, and much snore so is it for pigs on account of the thin coating of hair on their bodies. If the pasture for pigs is so situated that there are no trees to afford shade to the animals it would be just as well to keep them shut up during the hottest parts of the day and allow them to run out during the evening, night and early morning hours. By keeping them in a pen that Is somewhat darkened, they miss both the hot rays of the sun and the flies that are always so bad around a stable of any kind, during the hot weather. Some people provide a "hog wal- low" in their pasture which is a very good thing, but the location should be some place in the shade, as• it is a well-known fact that the hide will blister far quicker when wet than when dry. A pig seems to think that a wallow is an essential thing, and if he persuades the farmer into thinking the same, the farmer should lead him to believe that during the heat of the day it is the best tune to keep out of it. If the pigs have become sunburned at all, it is well to keep them inside fora flew days and thoroughly grease their bodies, with some nice smooth as grease such vaseline. The grease tends to keep the air from the irri- tated skin and ease the uncomfort- ableness of the animal, Vaseline also has a wonderful healing and eurative property which makes it preferable in such cases, -- J. C. McBeath, 13.S.A.., 0. A, College, 6luelph, WASTING OUR WEALTH FACT$ ABOUT DISAPPEARANCE OF FORESTS. People of Canada Are Blind to the Meaning of the Losses of Timber, , and an Expert fn Forestry Makes • Some Plain Statements About the Situation -Food for Very Serious Thought. SEVERE indictment of the management of our forests. and especially of the at- , - tempts to safeguard them from fire;' was made by Dr. C. D. Howe, Faculty of Forestry, Univer- sity of Toronto, at the recent annual meeting of the Commission of -Con- servation. He showed that not only is the present supply of pine, spruce, • and balsam diminishing rapidly, but that the methods of logging and_ the repeated ravages- of fire are killing off the young trees, The result will be in a few years the end of an in- dustry which is exceeded only. by agriculture and manufacturing as a .producer of wealth to the country. People are aware in a geneiral xray of the enormous loss to timber caus- ed annually by forest fires Wert the. most destructive effects of these flies are not generally recognized or ap • preciated even by those who have our forests in their keeping.. It it the re- peated fire which is the most viciops , agent of destruction, for it kills the young trees which ate to make the future forest, and it also kills the mother or seed trees, which might if allowed to live replace the young that are destroyed. He examined 80,000 acres of cut -over and burned - over pine lands in the central portion of old Ontario and found 110 young pine trees on the average acre of area burned over once; 14 pine trees per acre on areas burned over three time, and only three pine trees on the average acre of, areas burned over four or more times. It will take several hundred years for nature to restock these areas with pine. "This is not an exceptional case. Repeated forest fires are producing similar results on thousands of square miles throughout the Dom- inion. One-half of our commercial timber lands have been burned. Even if there never were another forest fire, one-half of our future supply of timber should come frons these burned areas„ Every fire de- creases that possibility by destroying the young commercial trees, We have not only killed the• commercial„ rev- enue -bearing trees .on one-half . the timber -producing area in Canada, but our forest policy has been such that we have virtually decreed their chil- dren shall not thee' The original forest in . the St. Maurice River Valley was dbminated by white pine from "3 to 6 .feet in diameter and from 100 to 150 feet high, towering 50 to 75 feet above the associated birch, maple; spruce, and balsam. Judging iron the stumps left, the• trees ran from five to 30 per acre, but to -day there is only an odd pine standing on some inaccessible bluff. The original giants have disappeared from the forest, and, worse still, no young pines are rising to take their place. In order to prosper the pine requires plenty of light overhead, but the openings made in the forest by the removal of the original trees were allowed to fill up with hardwoods, which overshadowed and stifled the young pine shoots. It was further shown by Dr. Howe that both spruce and balsam were also in danger of extinction. Taking 97 acres of severely culled areas from which 26 spruce trees per acre had been removed, he found that the pres- ent number of spruce trees per acre was: Seedings below half-inch, 422; half-inch to three inches, 28; four inches to seven inches, 19, and eight inches to eleven inches, 741 Although the total came to 477 nevi' trees, it will be noted that the mora tality increased 'very rapidly with the growth 'of these trees. The net reedit is that there' will 'only •7 spruce trees'' to take.- the place of the 26 per acre removed; by logging operations. Taking the same severe- ly -culled areas based on sample plots totaling 97 acres from which 3�• balsam trees. per acre had been r moved, he found that the present number of balsam trees per acre was: seedlings below•one-half inch, 2,477; halnanch to three inches inclusive, 58; four to seven inches, 27, and eight to eleven inches, 12. Appar- ently there would be over 2,500 bal- sam trees per acre to replace the 32 removed, but again the rate of mortality increases so rapidly wit the growth of the trees that the will really be only 12 trees per acv.. *here 32 had been taken away. More- over, 7 out of the 12 will be so dis- eased as to be unfit for pulpwood, so that the net result will be only 5 pulpwood -bearing balsams where 32 were originally. Dr. Howe states that the funda- mental problem is how to guard the forests properly from fire; that in the last decade about $10,000,000 have been spent in protection, and yet that the rarest has been so unsafe for trees -through destruction by fire that there is apprehension of serious cur- tailment, perhaps exhaustion, of our timber supply. He declares that without adequate fire protection ib is only a waste of time to discuss methods of forest conservation, and that when they are made reasonably safe from fire otber measures are re- quired to make them continually productive. Tigers Like Water. Tigers are extremely fond of bath- ing. In a zoo, if a tub be provided, they will eagerly make use of its facilities for ablution. They are first- rate swimmers, and in former days iit Was reckoned at Singapore ore thatt he "ate a Chinaman a night," Swimming across from the mainland to get hiw. ONTARIO CREEDS., What the Days and Girls of This Pro. vince Are Thinking. After talking with thousandssof boys and girls in rural districts of Ontario, Dr, Creelman has drawn up a fair representation of what lean' their naiads, which he has embodied in the following Ontario' boys' and girls' creeds: Boys' Creed. 1. 1 believe that life in the .coun- try can be made just as pleasant and profitable as life in the city. 2. I believe that father and I can form a partnership that will suit both of us. 3. I believe that if I kill every weed on my father's farm we shall be well paid by the increased crop alone, to say nothing of the benefit to our neighbors. 4. I believe that by careful selec- tion of our chickens I can double the output of the flock. •• 5. I believe that '•by introducing Walk on our farrn'' that we can keep tarice as many d'onYestio animals as: at peesent. 6. 'I believe that 'by keeping twice as many animals we will be able to grow much larger crops of alfalfa and other things. 7. I believe that by planting shade trees, growing flowers, 'shrubs, and keeping a tidy homestead ••that we , will be.better contented and'happier in every way, and our farm will in- crease in value. • ' ' • 8.• I believe not in. luck, but iu pluck. 9, I believe,; that farming ass a most honorable calling, and having decid ed to stay on the farm, it is my duty to make the best use of my time, now in school, that I may be the better farmer in the days that are to come. 10. I believe in working when I work and playing when I play„ and in giving and receiving a square deal in every act of life. Girls' Creed. 1. I believe that I have a right, to be happy ever,yt'day. 2. I believe' that God's blue sky and God's 'green. earth are a,.part of my inheritahce, • ; r 3. I believe that I have a right to love little Chickens and ducks and lambs and puppies as well as dolls and ribbons, 5. I believe I would love„tq keep house better than anything else, and L only wish they taught housework at school. 6. I believe that keeping.a garden all my own would•'be great fun, and I believe that 1 -could be happy 1n giving away• flowers andin cooking the vegetabl'es that r 'raised myself. 7: I believe that I -could study real hard at my grammar and geography and arithmetic and spelling if I could do cooking or sewiegwith the other girls in the aftern bra, 8. I' don't want to go to town and leave my father and' mother and my brothers and sisters; behind while I live in the city, f'or I know I *ill miss them alt, and the trees and the creek and the; green grass and the old woods and everything, but, oh! I don't want to stay at home and do nothing but wash dishes and carry water and do the chores, and grow old like auntie. I want to laugh and. love and lire, 9. I believe I can learn to sew and cook and do laundry work, and do them well, and I want to learn them, and I want to do them well. 10. I believe in the square deal for girls as well as boys, and I want everybody to be happy all the time - the old as well as the young. THE THIRD MACKENZIE. , Temporary Leader of Liberal Parti Has Never Been Defeated. Daniel D. Mackenzie, the new tem- porary leader of the Liberal party at Ottawa, is described by Parliamen- tary observers as a "two-fisted, fight- ing man," a dour and capable Scot. One may imagine the trusty and faithful type of the man from the l'act that in twenty-five years of public life he has never been defeated in any election. He is the third Mackenzie in the line of Liberal leadership In Canada, and it is, .just, a century sine the area William Lyon Mackenzie, land- ed 'in Canada. That first Mackenhtie was nota; Liberal leader in the party .meaning et the word, but stood for 'iberty. and the free institutions in Canada. The second Mackenzie was Alexander, who was Liberal Premier of Canada for five years shortly after Confederation. This latest Mackenzie has had a distinguished public career. He is now sixty years of age, having been born at Lake Ainslie, Cape Breton, in 1859. He entered the profession of law and served as mayor of North I ydney and Commissioner of Schools for Cape Breton County for five con- secutive years. In 1900 he was elect- ed to the Nova Scotia Legislature and to the House of Commons in 1904, in which he has remained ever since, From 1906 to 1908 he was judge of the County Court District No. 7 of Nova Scotia. As his name would in- dicate, he is a Presbyterian. While a very aggressive fighter, Mr. Mackenzie has till the present, remained out of the limelight. In the Parliamentary debates in the first year of the war, when the Government was attacked on several points, Mr. Mackenzie took a prom- inent part. Sir Wilfrid Laurier thought so highly of Mr. Mackenzie that he chose him to sit as his desk - mate in the Commons during the last season of Parliannneht. Will Inspect Grazing Lands, Prof. W. J. Rutherford, dean of the Faculty of Agriculture, Provin- cial University, Saskatoon, has ac- cepted the chairmanship of the conn- mittee to exami:he the lands now held under gracing leases in Southern Alberta, to ascertain what areas will be suitable for mixed farming in nnection ith 1Fo tiy; the Campaign now being eala'aried c1A !ATgigAkikr. 1* CONSERVING. ,MQI :TUBE Many Valuable Crops "yds by Mulching,, This Seaawlt, , sneoi �l�,a syins to Crum Produeersr- Ore ry ,usistes Prevented by Cooling C/ren During Hot Weather R► ';rotrn+lly Constructed: Tank. . (Contributed » Ontnrlo I56Dartn.cit of Agriculture. Toronto.) ATER is one of the essen- tial requirements for the growth of plants. Its functions are a solvent and carrier of plant -food, a food di- rectly or indirectly for the plants and it helps to maintain the plants in a turgid condition, thug enabling them to stand More erect and resist the force of the winds., •' Also the era- porat3on of the water from the sur- faee of `#he .leaves equalizes the tem- perature of the plants, • Thus water serves the plants in no small way, and. so the farmer is always very anxious each spring that his soil have s'rncient water stored within It to supply the growing plants during the next three or'our months, when the rainfall may not be sufficient for their requirements, 'The amount of water required for -creps•is••rather surprising.; in humid regions they require from 200 to 500 pounds for every pound ,of dry mat- ter produced, and in dry climates the amounts are ' about double of these. Of the ordinary farm crops the legumes including clovers, peas and beans, use the most water; then comes potatoes next; then in order oats, buckwheat, barley, wheat, rape, maize and millet. The water that the plants take from the soil exists in the form of thin films around the soil grains. If the soil be well drained and other- wise in good physical condition, these films will occupy about one- half of the air space of the soil, the other half being available for air, which isveryneeessaryforthe growth of the roots. The water in the form of films has the power to rise up through the soil grains in a manner similar to that of the rise of oil in a lampwiek or water through a lump of sugar. This rise takes place more quickly and extends higher if the soil grains be fairly fine and in a mellow and friable condition, or in other words, be in good. tilth. Water in ex- cess of this film water' should be drained from.;the soil,. otherwise the soil remains. cold and the air Is ex- cluded from, the roots, roots. •• ,,;r Conserving the soil moisture con- sists of getting as much as possible of the rains and the meltage, of the snow down into the lower depths of the soil,land ink the second place, pre- venting the water tbat rises to the surface during the period of growth from evaporating. The first can be secured by fall ploughing and in other ways making the soil surface as open and receptive as possible for the easy entrance of the water and the evaporation can be prevented to a large degree by keeping the sur- face, after the crops are sown or planted, well mulched. The Boil mulch, one to three inches deep. is found to be very effective in keeping the elm water from reaching the sur- face and there evaporating under the sun and wind. The surface of the soil, and this applies chiefly to heavy soils, should not be allowed to be- come crusted, as a crust on the top cracks open and allows the water to escape. The best illustrations of mulching and its good effects are found in every well -tilled garden, but to a large degree the practice is practicable on the farms by a judi- cious use of the harrow and roller. When the grain fields are rolled im- mediately after seeding, the barrow should be used; if power enough be arailabie both may be passed over the field at once. Even after the grain is up 3 or 4 inches, should a heavy rain pack down the soil, the roller may be used to good advan- tage in re-establishing a mulch. The more frequently the corn and root fields are cultivated throughout the season of growth, the moreeffective the mulch will be to conserve the soil moisture. -R. R. Graham, B.S.A., 0. A, College, Guelph. Hot Weather Suggestions on the Caere of Cream. The season of 1919 is likely to be one specially trying for those who desire to ship sweet cream, on ac- count of the great scarcity of ice. In many localities, not a pound of ice was harvested during the winter sea- son of 1918-19. The ice -houses are empty and there is nothing but water to cool the cream. On some farms there is a scarcity of water during hot weather which means added diffi- culty in cooling the cream. The first thing is to have a cool- ing tank of some kind for holding the cream can. One properly built of cement, or wood and insulating material, is best. Failing this, a coal- oil barrel, with the inside burned to remove the coal -oil flavor, sunk part- ly in the ground and having a cover will answer the purpose. This should be near the well so as to be conven- ient for pumping cold water into it. Each lot of cream should be cool- ed at once after separating, and be- fore mixing with previous lots. A separate pail or can should be used for this part of the cooling process. Allow the cream to remain in this special can set in the cold water, fa om one separation to the next, be- ing careful to wash it frequently, as the warm cream will soon become tainted with, .the sour cream organ- isms, if this can.;ox.pail he net kept sweet. Keeping pails, cans, ete., clean, and immediate cooling to 50 deg. k!'`., certainly below 60 deg., and frequent shipment or Belt nt delivery e of P the• cream, ry © m are the main points in hot weather care of cream, -Prot. H.: H. Dean, tl., A.• Colleges Guelph. ........,. ,