Exeter Times, 1915-12-23, Page 2PLAT TO M:,TROY THE WELLAND BANAL
naps and Drawings of the Canal Found in Pos-
session of Men Arrested in New York
A despatch from. New York says:
A plot to blow up the Welland Canal
is charged in connection with the ar-
rests of three prominent Germans in
New York. The arrests are said to
be the prelude to a seriesof startling
exposures of German propaganda in
this country, which may link together
a number of events that have oecured
in the United States,
The first man arrested was Paul
Koenig, head of the Bureau of Investi-
gation of the Hamburg -American
Line, and believed to be the head of
the German secret service in this
country, Koenig is a well-to-do man,
and has been conspicuous in German
circles. He took out his first papers
in connection with his plan to become
an American citizen ten years ago, but
never applied for his second.
The second man is Richard Emil
Leyendeoker, retailer of art goods at
Av
847 Fifth enue, and living at 640
Morris Avenue, the Bronx. He is a
naturalized American citizen, and
these arrests make the first instance
where the so-called "hyphenated Am-
ericans" have been arrested in con-
nection with the German propaganda.
The third person arrested was Fred
Metzler, alias F. R. Reimer, who was
arrested in Jersey City.
These men are charged under sec-
tion No. 13 of the Federal Criminal
Statutes with planning a military en-
terprise or undertaking of hazard
against a country friendly with the
United States. The penalty on con-
viction is three years in prison or
$3,000 fine, or both.
The precise details of the alleged
plot are withheld by the Federal
authorities, but it is understood that
Koenig and Leyendeeker had employ-
ed spies, who went out from Buffalo
and Niagara Falls to photograph the
canal, prepare plans and make ar-
rangements for blowing up the water-
ray at its most important point, and
that nitro-glycerine was to have been f
used as the explosive.
Hoenig and Leyendecker were in
Buffalo about four days, according to.
the authorities, and returned to New
York with the execution of the aeleg--
ed plot left in the hands of their
agents, As far as its known by the
Department of Justice, it was said,
they still contemplatedthe carrying
out of the plot when the arrests took
place when the opportunity offered.
With the arrest the special agents
of the Department of Justice, under
Wm. F. Offley and Jos. A. Baker, and
the detectives, under Captain Tunney,
of the bomb squad, raided the offices,
they packed up a great mass of ma-
terial concerning the movements of
German secret agents. Secret codes,
which • were changed every week to
elude any person who might have been
shadowing them or listening over the
telephones, also were found.
These codes showed that when.
Koenig or any other of his men tele-
phoned to another "to meet me at
south ferry," that meant Pabsts, 125th
Street, or some other place. In ad-
dition to these codes there were found
many other documents of great im-
i portance, including maps and draw-
ings of the Welland Canal,
TERRIBLE POSITION
OF "'HE GERIV1ANS
ONE-THIRD OF THEIR STRIKING
FORCE WIPED OUT.
C. F. G Masterman Says Loss Inflict-
ed In 1%len Is What Counts In
the Present War.
The Right Hon. C. F. G. Masterman
advances the following views of the
war:
"First, let it ;be granted that in,
modern warfare no objective rarely
matters, or really, that there is,
strictly speaking, no objective but
slaughter of the male population of
the nations. Instead of small stand-
ing armies wandering about Europe
to capture capitals or to be destroyed,
we even rising up against na-
tions, intent only on the massacre of
each other. We have not -yet -to at-
tain the Rhine, or capture Frankfurt
or Berlin or occupy Germany. We
have just to destroy by killing, maim-
ing, capturing, or otherwise rendering
inefficient, the adult efficient male
population of Germany. When more
than a certain percentage of these
have thus been annihilated for mili-
tary purposes the game is over. And
the point at which further resistance
becomes impossible is dependent upon
the clearness with which the German
people -will face realities, and the
moment when they recognize that.
they are faced, not only with defeat in
battle, but with the destruction of the
race.
"How far at present has the pro-
cess gone?"
"Here we are faced with masses of
conjecture and various interpreta-
tions, often seemingly backed with
logic, yet often leading to results with
divergence of millions. We have the
actual list by name of killed, slightly
or severely wounded -not sick -in the
published German casualty lists,
which I believe to be accurate, al-
though, generally dilatory, as a re
cord, and although they are now for-
bidden to give the totals of each
class,, I have no private information;
but from these and other evidence,
and giving (as is right) the full bene-
fit of the doubt in any ease to Ger-
many, I believe that I am, if any-
thing understating losses if I estimate
as follows:
"The total number of German
potential combatants between 18 and
45 at the commencement of the war
was a little over 131/2 millions.
"From these deducting 25 per cent.
for inefficients (a low estimate), we
have something Ince 10 millions of
potentially efficient combatants.
"It is doubtful if Germany has ever
armed more than 71/2 millions of
these, leaving 21,E millions (a meagre
estimate) to work the railways, the
coal fields, the great iron and steel
works and all the machinery of sup-
plies.
Millions Destroyed.
"And of these 7% millions I think
one is quite safe in asserting that 21/2
millions have been destroyed in this
first year of war.
"Of these, some three-quarters of a.
million -the flower of the manhood of
Germany-Iie dead on alien soil.
"Some three-quarters of a million
are maimed, prisoners, or so injured
that they can never return to the
scene of war. The bulk of them will
remain as evidences, hobbling through
city and villages, to the children of
the coming generation, a burden on
their profit and production.
"And another million at least form
a `constant' of those severely or
slightly wounded, and all the sick.
Some of these will die, some live on a I
crippled life, the bulk return to duty. i
But for each one returning from the
giant hospital one new sufferer will
be substituted; so that though the in-
dividuals change, the loss remains the
same, and will remain the same until
peace comes. i
�, j
I have not counted Austria in
these figures. First, because although l
we have no reliable figures for Aus-
tria, it seems certain that her actual
loss has exceeded that of the Ger- t
mans; second (and principally) be- I
cause the resistance is a German re-
sistance; and if the Germans contem-
plate the real possibility of the bulk
not only of -their armies, but of their
male efficient population • being de-
stroyed, they will sue for peace re-
gardless of Austrian or Turkish opin-
ion.
"One-third of their fighting popula-
tion, one-quarter of their whole effi-
cient male population destroyed in
one year of war -no nation has ever
yet suffered such punishment; and
,iroga PEA( "'try,
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NORTH
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Etude
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atieettes
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.7if£Df7 'RRAJYiAlN cYEit
The Week's Developments In the War.
British and French troops, landed at Saloniki and sent to the aid of the Serbian army; have withdrawn be-
fore numerically superior forces and now occupy a strong position on both sides of the river Vardar, at a short
distance north of Saloniki.
It `is expected that, if the Bulge Tian army or Austrian and German forces cross on to Greek territory,the
Allies will defend this position until t he defensive works at Saloniki are completed.
The Entente Allies are said to h ave some two hundred thousand men now in the Balkans and their retire-
ment from Serbia was made without serious losses.
On the western front heavy artillery duels have been in progress and an early resumption of the offensive
on the part of the German forces in t his theatre is anticipated.
On the eastern front German fore es have been weakened and the German line has been withdrawn a con-
siderable distance toward the strong fortress of Brest -Litovsk.
The Italian troops are still 'hammering away at Gorizia and minor advances are reported.
There has been some naval activity in the Black Sea, off the Bulgarian port of Varna, hi which the enemy
suffered minor losses.
Outside of the situation in the B alkalis and a new Austrian movement against Montenegro, the week has
not been productive of important dev elopments. Many factors, however, indicate that big battles are impend-
ing on several of the fronts.
there is to -day in Germany grief and
misery and the counting of the cost of
it discernible beneath the heavy hand
of the military machine. I think by
this time'next year, if the war con-
tinues, 'that'' number should be more
than, doubled. More than half the
manhood of `Germany will be destroy-
ed. And before the three years' limit
which Lord Kitchener has given (ac-
cording to Lord Esher's statement) be
attained there should not be much left
that could offer serious resistance be-
tween the Vistula and the Rhine.
Germany. Will Choke.
"So long as the daily toll of death
and wounds go on, so long we are
every' day nearer the inevitable 'end.
And the factors which make one be-
lieve that that toll will increase ra-
ther than diminish are these three:
We assume that her losses will be.
greater in proportion to those of the
allies, because (1) the steady increase
in man power of the allies. For this
first year of the war the brunt of
power and fighting force has been
borne by,. tw• only of the Quadruple
Alliance.; and of these two France
alone has put forth her full strength.
Russia,; having lost millions, can put
millions of equally good soldiers in
the field, directly equipment .is ready
for them; and confront an exhaustible
German man power with an inexhaus-
tible Russian. Italy has practically
only begun her fighting; so has Eng-
land.
"And the second factor is muni-
tions. Here also the German prepon-
derance is slowly but inevitably giving
place to a preponcterance of the allies.
We are multiplying munitions in Bri-
tain, France, Russia, Italy. We have,
r behind, all the world to draw upon-
the United States, Canada, the Islands
of the Sea.
"And the third factor is the slow
but steady and ruthless operation of
sea power; a grip that has never
failed at long last. It is as if a man
was caught by the throat, struggling
wildly as he feels the grip tightened -
doing infinite damage -but sulffocated
at last. First only felt as an incon-
comes intolerable; in the third year
the end may come. The whole of the
German press (in so far as it is al-
lowed utterance) is full of complaint
- a therise i n prices, the ab-
senceat s n
sence of necessities, the protest • that
the population are feeling the life
growing more and more impossible,
since all German trade has been
swept off the seas. It was the block-
ade and not defeat in arms which de
sstroyed the Confederate States; it is
the blockade, in addition to defeat in
arras, which will throttle the German
Empire,
"We may have enormous losses or
temporary defeats, mistakes of stra-
tegy or tactics, moods of depression.
We shall be compelled to put forth all
our efforts, and all. the efforts of the
Empire behind us. Given this, the end
is as certain as to -morrow's ,sunriee."
SUPER -ZEPPELIN DESTROYED,
a
SUBMARINE SENT TO BOTTOM
All of the Forty Members of the Crew of the
Dirigible Were Either Killed or Wounded
A despatch from. Copenhagen says:,
The reports of the destruction of the
super -Zeppelin L-22 was received
from Schleswig, by a Copenhagen
newspaper. Nearly all the 40 mem-
bers of the crew were killed or
wounded. The loss of the Zeppelin
Was due to the accidental explosion of
a bzni.b as the airship was leaving its
shed. The explosion demolished the
,
shed. The Zeppelin had been- in ser-
vice only a few weeks. It is described
as a sister ; chip of the Z-1$, recently
repotted destroyed by an explosion at
T0 ndeen It was of the latest type,
with itieieibie gondolas, p,,latforms at
,the top of the envelope, and detach-
able rafts for use in case of accident
while crossing the sea.
A despatch from Paris says: The
Milan Secolo's correspondent at Ath-
ens announces that a German submar-
ine has been sunk in the Black Sea
near the Bulgarian port of Varna, and
a Turkish torpedo boat has been de-
stroyed by the British in the Sea of
Marmara.
A. despatch from London says:
Capt. &rnith, of the Royal Flying
Corps, was burned to death while fly
ing en aeroplaxie at Farnborough.
While in the air the aeroplane sud-
denly burst into flan e s. The pilot
tried to reach .the "round but sue-
t2 a ground,
cumbed just before landing.
44
KOOLBERGEN WILLING
TO EXPOSE TEUTONS
A despatch from Lethbridge, Alta.,
says: With regard to the existence of
gigantic German plots to destroy
American commerce and also to blow
up all bridges on the C.P.R. system
in Canada which were hatched in San
Francisco, adm-i sion that he accepted
the commission from Baron von
Brincken to carry out the Canadian
end of the plots (but acted the role
of a double traitor and gave informa-
tion to the Canadian Pacific), is macle
by.. Johannes van Koolbergen, alias
von Montford, 'who now lies in the
provincial jail here, serving a sent-
ence of one year on a charge of forg-
ery from Calgary.
Von Koolbergen is the man who. is
wanted by the United States officials
at San Francisco as the star witness
in the prosecution of Baron von
Brincken and Crowley, charged with
the conspiracy to destroy American
commerce with the allies, to blow up
munition plants and burn flour mills.
Von Koolbergen does not know
whether he will be taken to San
Francisco to give his evidence, • but
says he is perfectly ready and willing
to give his evidence if he is taken
there.
GERMAN EMISSARIES
BOMB ITALIAN SHIPS.
A despatch from Milan says: The
Secolo asserts the British Government
has warned Italy that German emis-
saries have left United States ports
with the purpose of committing acts
of violence in Italy, particularly
against merchant shipping. In this
connection the Secolo calls attention
to recent fires on a steamship at
Naples and on the docks at Genoa.
ROUMANIA IS FRIENDLY
WITH TRE ALLIES.
A despatch from London says
In a written reply to a Parliamentary
question, Lord Robert Cecil, Under-
Secretary for Foreign Affairs, states
the relations betweenmania
that ius Rumania
and the. Entente allies are perfectly
friendly, but that he is not in a posi-
tion to reveal the military plans of
Russia.
Those Pessimists Again.
Friday night my little boy asked.
his grandpap the difference between
a pessimist and an optimist,
.. "An optimist thinks the theme are
ripe -the pesshnist thinks they are l
rotten " said the gents'
LORD KITCHENER
TO MARRY WIDOW
His Engagement to Dowager Count-
ess of Minto Will be Announced
Shortly.
A despatch from London says: It
is claimed on excellent authority that
the engagement of Earl Kitchener of
Khartoum to the Dowager Countess
of Minto will be announced shortly.
The Countess has been a widow for
almost two years, her husband, the
late Earl of Minto, having, died on
February 28, 1914. He was Viceroy
of India in succession to Lord Curzon
of Kedleston, who resigned the Vice-
royalty because the Home Govern-
ment supported Lord Kitchener, then
Commander -in -Chief of the Indian
army, in his dispute with Lord Curzon
over the reorganization of the army,
Earl Minto went to India from Can-
ada, where he was Governor-General
for six years.
The Countess of Minto is the daugh-
ter of the late Gen. Chas. Grey, and a
first cousin to the present Earl Grey.
BRITAIN AND FRANCE
CLOSER POLITICALLY.'
A despatch from London says:
A project for the formation of a com-
mittee of the House of Lords and
Commons to cultivate closer relations
with the Foreign Affairs Committee
of the French Senate and the French
Chamber has been successfully
launched. An executive committee,
with Viscount Bryce as chairman, has
been organized to carry out this plan.
It is expected that, although the work
of the committee will be entirely . un-
official, valuable results will be ob-
tained.
KING OF SERBIA
TO LIVE IN ITALY.
A. despatch from Paris says: It is
reported from Rome that King Peter
of Serbia, driven from his country
by the Teutonic invasion, will take re-
fuge in Italy. A Rozne despatch to
Matin says the ay theKing has accepted
Italy's offer of the palace at Caserta,
near Naples, which is now being pre-
pared for his use.
ALL OVERSEAS DIVISIONS
ARE TO BE PURELY CANADIAN
No More Units to be Supplied From Imperial Forces
Cause of Faking Off in Urban Recruiting
A despatch from Ottawa says: If
a fourth Canadian division' is placed
in the field by; Canada, as. is not un-
likely it will be "purely Canadian. The
same may be said of the third division,
organized to take
which is now being g
its lane on the firiin i lute beside the
p s
Canadian ..artily corps already there,
r. and second
., in f thefirst n
and consist g, a fi d
i s
divls on ..
he practicet
Ithas lie n act in the as
a e
Ppent,
Markets of the World
lireadstufs,
Toronto, Dec, 21. -Manitoba wheat
--New crop, No. 1 Northern, $1.221/2;
No, 2 Northern, $1.19%; No. 3 Nor,
thern, $11,17, all rail.I
Manitoba oats No 2 C.W. 47c;
No. 3 C,W., 44%e; extra No. feels,.
44%e; No. 1 feed, 43%c, all rail.
77% e, t
Americank corn -No. 3 yellow, new,
rac
Canadian corn -No. 2 yellow, old,
75c, nominal, Toronto.
Ontario oats -.No. a white, 37 to
88e; commercial oats, 35 to 37c; ac-
cording to freights outside.
Ontario wheat --No. 2, Winter, per
car lot, 98c to $1 • wheat, slightly
sprouted and tough, 9G' to 98c, ac-
cording to sample; wheat, sprouted,
smutty and tough, 80 to 90c, accord-
ing to sample,
Peas -No. 2 nominal, per car lots,
$1.90; sample peas, $1.50 to. $1,75,
according to sample.
Barley -Malting barley, 57 to. 60c;
feoeights .d barleyout,side50, to 53c, according to
fr
Buckwheat-allominal, ear lots, 76
to 77e, according to freights oui:sale.
Rye -No. 1 commercial, 80 to 87c;
rye, rejected, 70 to 80e, according to
sample.
Manitoba flour -First patents, in
jute bags, $6.40; second patents, in
jute bags, $5.90; strong bakers', . in
jute bags, $5.70, Toronto.
Ontario flour -New Winter, $4,20
to $4.50, according , to sample, sea-
board, or Toronto freights in bags,
prompt shipment.
Millfeecl-Car lots, delivered Mont-
real freights -Bran, per ton, $23;
shorts, per ton, $24; middlings, per
ton, $26; good feecl flour, per bag,
$1.55.
Country Produce,
Butter -Fresh dairy, 28 to 30c; in-
ferior, 23 to 24c; creamery prints, 33
to 34c; solids, 31% to 32c.
Eggs -Storage, 30 to 32c per doz-
en; selects, 35 to 36e; new -laid, 43 to
45c, case lots.
Honey -Prices, in tins, lbs., 10 to
lle; combs, No. 1, $2140; No. 2, $3.
Beans -$3.50 to $3.75.
Poultry -Chickens, 13 to 15e; fowls,
11 to 12c; ducks, 15 to 16c; geese, 14
to 15c; turkeys, 20 to 22c.
Cheese -Large, 17.c; twins, 18c,
Potatoes -Car lots of Ontario quot-
ed at $1.25 to $1.30, and New Bruns -
wicks, at $1.40 per bag, on track.
Provisions.
Bacon -Long clean, 15x/2 to 16c per
lb. in . case lots. Hams -Medium,
17% to 18c; do., heavy, 14% to 15c;
rolls, 16 to 16%c; breakfast bacon, 21.
to 23c; backs, plain, 24 to 25c; bonel
less backs, 26 to 27c.
Lard -Pure lard, 13% to 14iu,c;.
compound, 12 to 121/2 c.
Business in Montreal.
Montreal, Deo. 21. --Corn- Anieri-
can No. 2 yellow, 78 to 79c. Oats
Extra . No. 1 feed, 47c; No. 2 local
white, 45%.c; No. 3 local white, 44%c
No. 4 local white, 431/2c. Barley -
Malting, G7c. Flour -Manitoba Spring
wheat patents, firsts, $6.50; seconds,
$6; strong bakers', $5.80; Winter
patents, choice, 86.20; straight roll-
ers, $5.50 to $5.60; do., bags, $2.60 to
$2.70. Rolled oats-Bbls., $5.20 to
$5.25; do., bags, 90 lbs., $2.45 to
$2.50. Bran, $23. Shorts, $23. Mid-
dlings $25 to $30. Mouillie, $30 to
$32. Mid-
dlings,
2, per ton, car lots,
$19 to $19.50. " Cheese -Finest West-
erns, 17% to 18c; finest Easterns, 1 4.
to 171c. Butter -Choicest creamery,
33% to 34c; seconds, 31%- to 32c.
Eggs -Fresh, 48 to 52c;" selected, 33c;
No. 1 stock, 30c; No. 2 stock; 28c.
Potatoes, -Per bag, car lots, $1.30 to
$1.35. Dressed hogs -Abattoir kill-
ed, $13.50 to $13.75; do., country,
$11 to $12.25. Pork -Heavy Canada
short mess, bbls:, 35 to 45 .pieces, $29
to $29.50; do., Canada short-cut back,
bbls., $28 to $28.50. Lard -Com-
pound, tierces, 375 lbs., 11%c; wood
pails, 20 lbs. net, 121/4c; pure, tierces,
375 lbs., 141/2c; pure, wood pails, 20
lbs. net, 15c.
United States. Markets.
Minneapolis, Dec. 21. -Wheat --De
cember, $1.10%; May, $1.13%. Cash
-No. 1 hard, $1.141/4 ; No. 1 North-
ern, $1.111% to $1.12%; No. 2 North-
ern, $1.05% to $1.091/s. Corn -No.
3 yellow, 72 to 73c. Oats -No. 3
white, 39 to 391/2c. Flour unchanged.
Bran, $18.25 to•$18.75.
Duluth, Dec. 21. -Wheat -No. 2
•
hard, $1.128/x; No . 1 Northern,
$1.11%; No. 2 Northern, $1.07% to
1.08%; Montana No. 2 hard, 99% to
1.00%; December, $1.10%;. May,
$1.13%.
Live Stock Markets.
Toronto, Dec. 21. -=-The quotations
were: Butchers" cattle, choice, $7.75 -
to $8.15; do., good, $7.25 to $7.50;
do., medium, $6.25 to $7, do., com-
mon, $5.60 to $6; butchers' bulls,
choice, 36.75 to 37; do., good bulls,
.$5.75 to $6.35; do., rough bulls, $4.75
to $5.25; butchers' cowschoice,
$6.50 to 36.75; do., good, $6'to $6,25;
o., medium, $5.25 to $5.75; do., com-
mon, $4 to $4.50; feeders, good,
$6.50 to $6.75; stockers, 700 to 900
lbs., 36 to $6.00; canners and cutters,
$3 to $4.50; milkers, choice, each;
375 Co $100; do., common and medium,
each, $35 to $60; springers, $50 to
3100; light ewes, $6.50 to $7.75;
sheep, heavy, $5.25 to 36; do., bucks,
$3.50 to $4.50; yearling lambs, 37 to
$7.75; lambs, cwt.; $9.85 to $10.50;
calves medium to choice, $6.50 to
$10; de., common, 44 to 34.50; hogs,
fed and watered, $8.75 to $8.85,•
Montreal, Dec. 21. --Butchers' cat-
tle, choice, $7.15 to $7.50; do., me-
dium, $6.50 to $7; do,, common, $5 to
$G; canners, p$.25 to $4.50; butcher
cattle, choice cows, $6 to 36.25; do.,
medium, $5 to $5.50;; butchers' cattle,
bulls, $5 to $G.50; stockers, light, $90
to $95; milkers, ' choice, each, $80 to
$85; do., common and medium, each,
365 to , 75; s grin ers . 6 to $6.,25,
9' t $ r R rig r °rr
Sheep, ewes, 39.50 to $10. 1Io s off
cars, 3$.90 to _ $9,50. a
And many a man after losing a
political job in compelled to do real
labor.
of course, to have Canadian units
comprise the Dominion's army in the
field, but some of the smaller units
have been supplied from the Imperial.
,
fo ceOn
forces, the other hand, the Thin -
case Patricia Regiment, raised in Can -
6
ads was :for a ti ta stiiladed with
a
British division.
Now all branches of
divi i
the Canadian
s onq,. no matter howv I ,
many in number, will be altogether
Canadian.
STORY OF THE
SHRAPNEL SHELL
rIRST APPIfARED IN THE PEN,
INSULAR WAR.
, Tells Its Own Rietory and :Some of
the Deeds It
Can Do.
I am one of the veterans of the
British Army, for I was born in it -
literally in it -as far back as the year
1803, when my country was in grave
danger. R f
I was designed in England, first
made in England, and fire "4aed by ..
English troops,. So I ' will. British
through. and through.
In those far-off day's my name was
"spherical ease," though only a, little
later I was, like' most children, called
after my father, Lieutenant --subse-
quently Lieutenant-Colonol - Shrap-
nel, R,A.
Yet, old as I am, I have changed lit-
tle. I am a thin shell containing a
bursting charge and a number of bul-
lets -about e64, if I am to be fired
from the eighteen -pounder, with
which our Royal Field Artillery is
armed -anti I am provided with a
time or percussion fuse, which can be
set to burst me either when I strike
an object (percussion action), or at
some pre -determined point in the
course of my flight (time action).
If the Range Is True.
Now, I am essentially a man -killer..
Destroying objects is the work of my
young comrade, the high -explosive
shell. Consequently, I am usually dis-
charged to burst in the air in front of
troops in the open. When this 7s v
done, if the range is true, my carie
flies in all directions, and my bullets,
continuing their course, but spread-
ing out fan -wise, strike down our en-
emies by the score.
The bullets will, even at the ex-
treme range of the gun, kill at 200
yards from. the point of burst, and
will sweep an area of 200 yards by 30
yards, though half of thein will fall
on the first 50 yards of the beaten.
zone. But the' burst should be at
least 100 yards from and 60 feet above
the target.
"If the range is true." There's the
rub. Do you know that guns are sueh
stupid things that no two shoot alike?
Do yon know, further, that no instru-
ment in existence will do more than
give the approximate range? In
fact, it is only by observing the
smoke when I burst that the true
range can be found, consequently I
am often wasted.
In Bygone Battles.
Still, when I do get on the mark -
phew! After the action of Yu-shu-lin-
tyn, in the Russo-Japane • War, a
Russian trench was en.fila •d by some
Japanese mountain ar iller and two
n t
P �'y,
shrapnel shells swept it from end to
end, killing every man in it.
My first appearance was in the Pen-
insula. Introduced at Vimeiro in -1808
I made such an' impression that Well-
ington quickly called for more of me.
At Salamanca also I did great execu-
tion, materially contributing to the
glorious victory that we won.
But my chief success -at this period
was, perhaps, at St. Sebastian, in
1813, when ,I was undoubtedly the
chief instrument by which we tri-
umphed. The concentrated fire of fifty
guns was turned upon the enemy, and
showers of bullets passed over the
heads of our gallant troops, strewing
the ramparts with the bodies of the
besieged.
Since Peninsula days I have always
accompanied British troops into the
field. In the South African War 1
.was used in the breech -loading fif-
teen -pounder, and over and over
again I supported advancing infantry
by starting far in the rear and passing
over their heads.
Used by the French.
Strange to say, however, it was the
French, always keenly alive to any
improvement in artillery, who were
the first to realize my full value in my
present form. They made great use
of me, in carrying out Napoleon's
practice -that is, shelling the enemy
thoroughly before loosing the infantry
at hien-and to -day they are employ-
ing me, in conjunction with their
wonderful "75," to draw "curtains of
fire" to protect their intrepid troops.
We combined can, and frequent
t ,d
2r •
pour a constant rain of bullets on•?
Gernmansreply
to thosecritics.
who claim
I:
I am . out of date, I merely state one
fact; shrapnel forms 80 per cent. of
the ammunition supply of the field
gun. --London Answers,
A Soldier's Experience.
Few mien of Kitchenor's Army can
boast as many souvenirs of the 'war
as can Private P. E, Mad gyre, Prin-
cess i
<� t alga-
a adian � h I
Cees Patricia's C n g
try, who, writing to his sister in Glas-
gow from Southsea Hospital, tells her
that "I. have •a German bullet that
passed through my coat, jacket and
antsbut
n
e
ver touched my
skin.
Then I have Six pieces Of the shoulder
button of my tunic that wore taken
out of a hole in my shoulder, There
is still a part of the button in yet,
also a piece of shrapnel, and several
pieces of tunic anti shirt I. expect to
be going through an operation soon,
to get $oma metal out of my back.".