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HomeMy WebLinkAboutExeter Times, 1915-11-11, Page 2OFFICIAL GERMANY WAR SICK, AND ANXIOUS FOR EARLY PEACE Secret Ne. atiatious Set on Foot In Holland Have Fallen Flat, A despatch from Amsterdam says. Germany's secret negotiations for ,peace have fallen flat in Holland, even the most pro -German Dutchmen con- sidering the terms preposterous. It is believed that the man behind the plot is Dr. Solf, German Colonial Secret � axy. Dr. Self recently visited Holland, preserving great secrecy about his identity, but his presence in the country became me known toth e Dutch newspapers. It was officially announced in Germany he was merely travelling to Brussels and had stopped in Holland to visit the picture galleries, Dr, Solf stayed three days at The Hague and paid visits to. the Dutch Foreign Secretary andDitch politicians who p areknown to be i friendly to Germany, Other Germans 1 of note were in Holland at the same time, including it is said Count von. Radowitz, of the German Foreign Office, Before Dr, Solf left Berlin he had interviews .with the Kaiser and Chancellor von Bethmann-Hollweg, Thoseia who.saw I'm atThe Hague a him g gathered the impression that even in official circles the Germans are war I sick and in a hurry to finish the con - 'flint flict before Christmas, GREEK CABINET IS VOTED DOWN Zaimis Ministry z tory Resigns on Being Defeated, 114 to 147, in the. House. A despatch from London says: The Zaimis "neutrality Cabinet" has me - signed, defeated by the pro -war fac- tion in the Greek Parliament headed by ex -Premier Venizelos. A vote of confidence was denied 114 to 147. It had been asked by Zaimis as the cli- max to a tilt between the War Min- ister, M. Yanakitsas, and Venizelos, the immediate cause, however, being the latter's opposition to the Govern- ment's foreign policy. The issue between Venizelos and the War Minister was first raised at the Chamber's meeting in a contro- versy over proposed military lands. Venizelos, considering a certain re- mark made by the War Minister as an insult to the national Assembly, demanded an immediate apology. Premier Zaimis announced that M. Yanakitsas had the full backing of the Government. He then asked for a vote of confidence, which was de- nied him by a majority of 33 votes. By handing the resignation of his Cabinet to King Constantine M. Zai- mis again places on the King the re- sponsibility of deciding the future policy of his country. In London the first impression was that the defeat of the Government would mean the immediate recall of M. Venizelos and the fulfillment of the original agree- ment between him and the allied pow- ers to. go to the assistance of Serbia. RUSSIANS TO USE THE DANUBE ROUTE NOW A despatch from Rome says: The German Minister at Bucharest has formally demanded that two Russian torpedo boats moored in the Danubian port of Turnu shall be disarmed and the crews interned. The Government has refused, and notified the Minister that since the navigation of the Dan- ube was free Roumania's neutrality was not violated. The reply is con- sidered significant as implicitly recog- nizing Russia's right to send an ex- peditionary force to Bulgaria along the Danube. Probably troops will, be embarked at Reni and landed near Silistra. CANADIAN NURSE ATTENDED THE KING A despatch from Montreal says: Miss Vivienne Tremaine, the Canadian nurse reported in despatches from London to have attended King George after his accident in France, was born in Montmorency, and received her training at Quebec Military Hospital. Her parents now reside in West - mount. She went to the front with the first Canadian contingent. SERB WOMEN BOMBERS CONSTERNATE THE FOE A despatch from London says: "There' are nearly 2,000 women in Serbia's army when I left and more women owere soldiersw a being organ- ized," or "an ized," said . Dr, Gruitch, a Serbian army doctor now in London. "The women are not in special battalions Some of them wear the complete uni- form of a soldier for thesake of comfort, while others wear skirts with a blue tunic. The, younger women go with their brothers or their husbands. The women are of every class of the population, and we cannot prevent them from serving. They inspire the men, with whom they march side by side, and with whom they eat and serve shoulder to shoulder in the trenches. "These women are not afraid. No- body in Serbia is afraid, and the wo- men in the ranks do not lose their. nerve under fire." LIFEBOAT BRINGS IN GERMAN SUBMARINE A despatch from The Hague says: A German submarine in distress was towed into Terschelling, a Dutch island in the North Sea, by a Dutch lifeboat. A Dutch torpedo . boat saw the rocket signals sent up by the sub- marine and escorted her to an anchor- age. The undersea boat is being closely guarded. The German submarine, towed into Terschelling, is the U-8. She had stranded at Noordergrond, LN VITED KITCHFNER TO FIGHT FOR EMPIRE A despatch from London says: Field -Marshal Earl Kitchener, the Secretary of War, has received one of Lord Derby's invitations which have been largely circulated to men of mili- tary age to join the army. This amazing blunderwas disclosed lay Lord Derby himself, who, while ad- dressing a meeting of middle-aged recruiters, said nobody should be sur- prised if they received an invitation, as one had been actually sent to the Minister of War. +-_ APPEAL TO WILSON TO SAVE ARMENIANS A despatch from Paris says: The French league for the defence of the rights of man and the Franco -Armen- ian Committee have made a joint ap- peal to President Wilson to use his influence "for the salvation of what remains of the Armenian race in Tur- key." The Important Question. Surgeon -You'll live two years if you consent to this operation. Payton -How much longer than two years will I live if I refuse to have it? GERMANS LEAVE 1,000 DEAD AFTER ATTACK NEAR DVINSK Teutons Also Fail in Counter -stroke on the Styr Leaving Two Guns in Russians' Hands A despatch from London says: German efforts to recover lost ground near Lake Swenton, in the Dvinsk re- gion, have continued with great en- ergy, but with little success, accord- ing, to the Russian official communica- tion issued in Petrograd. Over a thousand bodies were counted on the field by the Russians after one futile German attack. Near the Baltic coast also the Rus- sians report progress in the land fighting, and it is stated that a naval squadron is bombarding the German positions west of Riga on the gulf.. In Volhynia the conflict between the Russians and General von Lin- singen's mixed Austro -German forces is proceeding with great fury. All- night fighting at one point on the Styr River ended in the driving off of Austrian troops and the capture of two cannon, 250 prisoners and a quantity of ammunition. In East Galicia, en the Stripa, the combat has resolved itself into an artillery duel. German Super -Submarine Caught on First Tri A despatch from Liverpool says: The Daily Post publishes a report ort of .,. P p the capture of one of. Germany's super -submarines, ee • long latest supe , 250:ef, f ng arid carrying, carring, in addition to torpedo tulles, four mains of fairly; large tali - bre. The submarine was launched at Stettin a fortnight ago. The Post states that within a few hours after leaving her base she was caught "in one of those traps we have SO skilfully laid for these craft some- where in' the Gennari ocean." sotsseera dRNEitt$'. PARIS -t - Ci f/sURG Wriffifir Y/47 ///✓,' �..� 91PITl5N suBNPRI KISAtUII. RIGA stem* ezkos • p hOOOS6vIN. % BAR �p • .•EtIOAu NIIKI�,I F.,401/44, 14 r r Y V!� a YI�NR r AUC 6URatIAS •BRIT 5 ' TORPE Ia0• I N RINK F tNF C e , Ace : O GIat2ALTAR.. VV,,I'DITERR iN AN h 0 Acrt 4 The Week's Developments in the War Areas. ' Outside of the Balkans there have been no notable developments in the various war areas during the past week. On the Western front the Germans have resumed their attacks in the Champagne district, and have been prodigal of men in their attempts to break the French lines. They have been checked at almost every point, and the Western battle -line is absolutely unchanged. On other parts of the Western front there has been little activity, infantry attacks being almost completely suspended, and the fighting restricted solely to local artillery duels. On the Isonzo front the Italians have won difficult positions from the Austrians, and their offensive con- tinues successfully. As a result of statements made in the British House of Commons and the French Chamber of Deputies, the situation in the Balkans has been made somewhat more plain. Both Great Britain and France are deter- mined to do their utmost to save Serbia, and the landing of troops continues steadily at Saloniki. Allied troops are also reported to have been landed at Kavala. On the Southern front in Serbia, the 'French and' -British troops have met and defeated the Bulgarians, and driven them across the frontier. Further north, however, the Bulgars have made considerable progress, and are now bombarding Nish, the capture of which is imminent. The Serbs are offering heroic resistance, even the women joining in, the fight against the invader. Austro -German forces on the northern front are making slow progress, and are waging a war of extermi- nation. A Serbian force has been despatched to deal with the Albanians, who are also attacking. If the Serbian army can hold out for a short time yet, the Anglo-French forces are likely to join hands with them, and check the invading armies, before Serbia is entirely overrun. The new political crisis in Greececomplicates the situation in the Balkans, and the actions of both Greece and Rumania are still problematic. A strong British force is now approaching Bagdad, while a Turkish army is reported on its way to defend that ancient city, 'and it will be a race between the two columns. On 'the Russian front, the enemy has made no progress, while the Russians report several local success- es of some importance. The Austro -German troops are being withdrawn from this front to assist in the cam- paign against Serbia. It is expected that the Russians will have their opportunity against the weakened line of; the enemy, and that important results may be looked for on this front in the near future. • The Leading Markets 5 Breadstuffs. Toronto, Nov: 9. -Manitoba wheat -New crop, No. 1 Northern, $1.11%; No. 2, $1.08'/x, track lake ports, 'im mediate shipment. Manitoba oats -No. 2 C.W., tough, 43c, track lake ports. American corn -No. 2 yellow, 73c, track Toronto. Canadian corn -No. 2 yellow, 72c, track Toronto. Ontario oats -New crop, No. 3 white, 38 to 39c; commercial oats 37 to 38c, according to freights 'out- side. Ontario wheat -No. 2 Winter, per car. lot, 94 to 96c; wheat, slightly sprouted and tough, 90 to 94c, accord• - , ing Zo sample. Peas -No. 2, nominal, per car lots, $1.90; sample peas, $1.25 to $1.75, according to sample. Barley -Good malting barley, 56 to 60c; feed barley, 47 to 54c, accord- ing to freights outside. Buckwheat -Nominal, car lots, 77 to 78e, according to freights outside. Rye -No. 1 commercial, 85 to 86c. rye, tough, 72 to 77c, according to sample. Manitoba flour -First patents, in jute bags, $5.75; second patents, in jute bags, $5.25; strong bakers', in jute. bags, $5.05, Toronto. Ontario flour -New Winter, $4.10 to $4.40, according to sample, sea- board or Toronto freights in ` bags, pxompt shipment Millfeed-Car lots, delivered Mont- real freights -Bran, per ton, $21; shorts, per ton, $23; middlings, per ton, $25; good feed flour, per bag, Country Produce. • Butter -Fresh dairy, 27 to 28c; in- ferior, 22 to 23c; creamery prints, 32 to 33c; do., solids, 30 to 311/2c. Eons -Prices are firm; storage 30 to Sic per dozen; selects, 32 to 33e; new -laid, 38 to 40c, case lots. Honey -No. 1 light (wholesale), 10 to 11'/,c; do., retail, 12% to 15c. combs (wholesale), per 'dozen, No. 1, $2.40; No. 2, $1.50 to $2. Poultry -Chickens, 14 to 16c; fowls, 12 to 13c; ducklings, 15 'to 160; geese, 14 to 16c; turkeys, 20 to 22c. Cheese -The market' is form; large, 15%c; twins, 16%c. Potatoes -The market is firm, with car lots of Ontario quoted at $j.10, and New Brunswi,eks at $1.15 to $1.20 per bag, on track. - Business in Montreal. Montreal, Nov. 9. -Corn -American No, 2 yellow, 77 to 78c. Oats Canadian Western, No. 2, 50c;• No. 3, 49c; No. 2 local white, 451/2c; No. 3 local white, 44%c; No. 4 local white, 431 c. Barley -Malting, 661, to 67c. Flour Manitoba, Spring wheat pat-, tints, firsts, $5.95; seconds, $5.45; strong bakers, $5.25; Winter pat- ents, choice, $5.60;; straight rollers, $4.90 to $5; do., bags, $2.30 to $3.40. Rolled oats-•Bbls., $5.15 to $5.20; do., bags, 90 lbs., $2.45 to $2, 50. Bran, $21, Shorts, $23,' Middlings;;, $29 to•, 30`. Mouillie$30 to $32, � r ,.Hay ---No. 2, per ton, car lots, $17.50 to $18.50. Cheese -Finest westerns, 16 to 16%c; finest . easterns, 1514, to 153/4c. Butter -Choicest creamery, 32 to 32%c; seconds, 31% to 31%c. Eggs -Fresh, 42c; selected, 33c; No. 1 stock, 30c; No. 2 stock, 26c. Pota- toes -Per bag, car lots, 90c to $1.10. Dressed hogs -Abattoir killed, $13 to $13.50. Pork -Heavy Canada short mess, bbls., 35 to 45 pieces, $28 to $28.50; Canada short-cut back, bbls., 45 to 55 pieces, $27 to $27.50. Lard Compound, tierces, 375 lbs., 101/1c; wood pails, 20 lbs. net, 103.c; pure, tierces, 375 lbs., 12 to . 123zc; pure, wood pails, 20 lbs. net, 13 to 13'/2e. United States Markets. Minneapolis, Nov. 9. -Wheat -De- cember, 97%c; May, $1.01%; cash, No. 1 hard, $1.01%; No. 1 Northern, 98%c to $1.00s/a; No. 2 Northern, 94% to 97%c. Corn -No. 3 yellow, 631/2 to 64c. Oats -No. 3 white, 34 to 34%c. Flour reduced; fancy pat- ents, $6; first clears, $4.75; second clears, $3. New York, Nov. 9. -Flour firmer; Spring patents, $5.30 to $5.65; Win- ter straights, $5.15 to $5.35. Rye flour firm;.fair to good, $5.60 to $5.75; choice to fancy, $5.80 to $5.95. Hay firm. Hops quiet. Hides steady. Leather firm. Live Stock Markets. Toronto, Nov. 9. -Best heavy steers; $8.25 to $8.60; good heavy steers, $8 to $8.15; butchers' cattle, choice, $7.60 to $7.75; do., good, .$7.25 to $7.50; do., medium, $6.75 to $7; do., common, $5 to $5.40; butchers' bulls, choice, $6.25 to $6.75 do., good bulls, $5.75 to $6; do., rough bulls, $4.75 to $5.25; butchers' cows, choice, $6.45 to $6.75; do., good,' $6 to $6.75; do., medium, $5 to $5.50; ' do., common, $4.25 to $4.75; feeders, good, $6.50 to $6.75; • stockers, 700 to 900 lbs., $6.25 to 86.50; canners and cutters, $3 to $4.50; milkers, choice, each; $65 to $110; do., common and medium, each, $35 to $50; Springers, $50 to $100; light ewes, $5.50 to $6.50; sheep, heavy, $4.25 to $4.75; do., bucks, $3.50 to $4.50; yearling lambs; $7 to $7.50; Spring lambs, cwt., $8.65 to $9; calves, medium to choice, $7.25 to $10.50; hogs, fed and watered, $8.85 to $9.10; do., f.o.b., $8.50. Montreal, Nov. 9. -Butchers' cattle, $7.25 to $7.50; do., medium, $6.25 to $6.75; do., common, $1.50 to $5.50; canners, • • $3.25 to •$4.25; butchers' cattle, choice cows, $6 to $6.25; do., medium, $5 to $5.50; do., bulls, $4.50 to $6; milkers, choice, each, $85 to $90; do. common and medium, each, $75 to $80 springers, $65 to $70; sheep, ewes, $5.50 to $5.75; • bucks and culls, $5 to $5.25; lambs, $8 to $8.75; hogs, off cars, $9.25 to $9.40. .14 FOUR AVIATORS -KILLED IN AERIAL COLLISION A despatch from Paris p P s says: Two military .aeroplanes collided while making a landing at Le Bourget. The fire and the four av'ato Y caught g z oys,. neannin the: `chineswere n. g ma liiir ed to. death. NO LONGER JEER AT BLOCKADE Food Crisis in Germany Growing to. Alarming.Proportions Admitted by German Press. A despatch from London says: Al though it is not true that Germany is starving, it is certain the food crisis is growing to alarming proportions. The high prices of provisions -through- out the empire: furnish a problem of the gravest nature. One necessity of life after another is engaging the an- gry attention of the nation. An en- tire page of the Frankfurter Zeitung is devoted to the new Imperial food Iaws. The decree consists of 12 para- graphs. One explains the special po- tato regulations. Another gives the laws concerning fish and game prices another the restrictions on the con- sumption of meat and fat. The entire German press is .arming against the scarcity in the necessities of life. The printing of startlingly frank admissions is permitted. The Frankfurter Zeitung says: "While our troops are fighting like the heroes of the classic ages, want is growing acute at home, where the people are beginning to interpret the miserable existing conditions as the defeat of the empire. We jeered at the blockade, but to -day we laugh no longer. The sinister .aspect of things certainly provides no food for laugh- ter. But as our worries increase, so day by day grows our hatred against the enemy who is responsible for this misery. This hatred is so potent that it will nourish and sustain us and in- spire us to hold on until finally we hack our way through, even though we have drawn the belt so tight around our bodies that the mere act of breathing becomes- a trouble and weariness. Our hatred will enable.. us to show the world 'of what tenacity and endurance Germany is capable when once -they are sure of their cause." Maximilian Harden editor`•- of Die Zukunft, says on the same subject: "Let us frankly admit that the German people are in distress;" BRITISH TRIUMPH IN EAST AFRICA A despatch from London says: The Colonial Office reports that the British Nigerian forces occupied Bamenda, in the German IKanieruns, on October 22. The British captured Banyo, in Ger- man East Africa, on October 3. The Germans 'lest twenty-five native sol- diers killed. The British losses were four natives killed and nine wounded. "How didi ou begin life?" " Y . gI. didn't begin it. It 'was here when •I, arrived:' RULARS ROUTED IN SOUTH SERBIA South of Strumitsa on the Bulgarian border there has been char fighting Serbs, French and British Troop Took Part in the Engage- ment. $ A despatchsays: from0 on L nd P 8 g between the French and the Bulgers, The latter attacked the French posi- tions, . but were repulsed with heavy losses. According to reports the Bri- tish aro co-operating there with the French, but, as heretofore, these c, t , re- ports are unofficial and fragmentary, and it cannot be said authoritatively whether the British were in touch leu new t i • with enemy,. • "Official telegrams confirmed at the Serbian and nd Russian Legations here announce a great Serbian victory at the Babuna Pass. The Bulgarians were completely routedat Tse o e , suffering enormous losses. "Detachments of British and h to hastened troops Frenchdefeat the n p enemy, who was shattered, and fled in disorder towards Kupili• (Veles). "The right bank of the Vardar is nowcleared h en The of the emy. French also completely de eated the Bulgarians at Strumitsa, inflicting heavy losses on them and driving them beyond Kotsarion. " A Bulgarian army has reached the line of Nish forts, according to Sofia. official despatches. It is not believed here that any great effort will be put forth to prevent the occupation of the war capital by the invaders. The Teuton army under Gen. von Gallwitz, invading Serbia on the east- ern bank .of the Moravacaptured Paracin, on the Oriental railway. This town, taken along with two others in the immediate vicinity, lies approxi- mately 35 miles from Nish, the Ser- bian war capital -the direct line is a little more than 29 miles. It is this stretch of tbe Orient railway between Nish and Paracin that still remains in Serbian hands. With the fall of Nish this railroad sector, essential to definitely clear the road to the Turkish capital, will be- come untenable for the Serbs, mili- tary observers here agree. Meanwhile the battle line in South- ern Serbia and in the strip of Bur garian territory invaded by the French, has takendefinite shape. On this battle line there are four princi- pal salients, and at each fighting is now in progress. - They are the Ba- buna pass, with the City of Prilep to the south, ' on the 1Vlonastir-Krupili (Veles), railway; Krivolak, clue west of the pass on the Salonica-Nish line; Valanovi, about 18 miles south of Krivolak, in immediate reachof the same line, and Robova, eight miles south of the Bulgarian stronghold Strumitsa. - FOOD VALUE IN FLOWERS. Field Squash Blossoms are Delicacy, Nasturtiums Another. The food value of flowers is a mat- ter just beginning to interest the scientific world. Violets are said to contain considerable nourishment. They formed the basis of a refresh- ing drink, and in other forms figured conspicuously in the feasts of the ancient Persians. The modern con- fectioner crystallizes them in sugar. The old Turkish confections .made of rose leaves are cfeclared delicious by those who have eaten them. A number of cooks have discovered that a handful of rose petals imparts a flavor of unparalleled delicacyto des- serts of many kinds. For those who do not care for sweets, the gayly colored nasturtium offers delight to the palate. It may be used as a filling for sandwiches, mixed judiciously with other Mater- ials in salad. Its delicious pungency appeals to the epicure, while phy- sicians say it aids digestion. A favorite Italian dish now being introduced into the United States consists of fried squash blossoms. When properly prepared this food is both appetizing and nourishing. The yellow blossoms of the common field pumpkin may be cooked in the same. way, and to some tastes are even more pleasing. Up Above the World So High. ,Astronomer Royal Sir F. W. Dyson, at the British Association's 'meeting at Manchester, said that the number of stars in the whole sky was inferred to be between 1,000 and 2,000 millions. The comparative brilliance of stars shows extraordinary variations.` He pointed out that two faint patches of light seen in the southern hemisphere, which are called Magellanic clouds, contain a group of twenty-five stars, which are 600 times as luminous as the sun, and it has been calculated that they are 186,000,000,000,000,000 miles from the earth, Well Shaken, When Taken. First Autoist-How's' the road? Rough? Second Autoist-Well, I'll say it's II! no place to trust to cheap dentistry.` 1Viost of ,our military' terms are French, but nearly all our naval terms 1 are Anglo-Saxon. Little Elsie (after being punished) "I think papa is dreadful. Was he the only man you +could get,mem- , ma?" GETTING THE RANGE OF THE ENEMY SOME USEFUL HINTS ON J'UPG �ING DISTANCES. Distances. Are Over -Estimated stinated When the Observer Is Kneeling, Sit- tingLying. or yi g. Every roan whois taking up arms in defence of his country should at once set to work to make himself a good judge of distance, A man's life may easily hang on his 4+ ability' quickly and accurately to esti- ., mate the range of a foe. Apart.from this, judging distance is quiteta fas- cinating pursuit. It is very interest- ing to learn byexperiment ho the gw condition- of the atmosphere, the char- acter of the ground, or of the distgnt 'object, and other circumstances, all tend to deceive the eye. The beginner should start by fami- liarizing his eye with short distances, up to 800 yards. This can easily be done. Measure out a 'distance of, say, one hundred yards, and carefully study it. Then pick out objects ects in other direc- tions which in your estimation are one hundred yards away, and test your judgment by actual pacing. In this way you will come automatically to recognize a distance of one hundred yards or thereabouts, and you ..can then estimate a longer distance by reckoning it as being so many times one hundred yards. To Study and Note. Another useful exercise is to get a friend to show himself standin kneeling, and lying down at various known. distances. You should then carefully note and memorize the dif- ferent appearance he presents accord- ing to the distance he is away from you. For example, you will findthat at, say, one hundred yards you can clear- ly see details of his clothing, which are only partially visible at 150 yards, and quite invisible at 200 yards. These are useful practices, but to become an expert you must carefully study and note the causes of over- ' estimating and under -estimating dis- tances. Distances are over-estimated when the observer is kneeling, sitting, or lying; when both the background and the object are of a similar color; when. heat is rising from the ground; when the ground is undulating or broken, or when looking over a valley; when the object lies in the shade, is only par- tially seen, or is viewed in mist' or a bad light. Further, in long streets, avenues, and ravines, things look farther away than they really are. On the other : hand, distances are under -estimated when the sun is be- hind . the observer; 'when both the background and the object are of di ferent colors, and again when the Obi; ject is large or is seen in a bright•"' light or clear atmosphere. Should the intervening ground be level, or covered with snow,the object will ap- pear nearer than it is. The observer should also add five to ten per cent. on his original estimate when he ie looldng over water or a deep chasm, or, again,when looking upwards or downwards. • Sight Comes -First. In the case of long ranges it is use- ful to remember that sound travels at the, rate of, roughly, 1,100 feet a sec- ond, whereas light is practically in- stantaneous. The fact that we hearthe thunder after we see the lightning is a famil- iar example of this truth. Thus, if three seconds elapse between the flash of a distant gun and the sound of the report, it is safe to say that the range is roughly 3,300 yards. In judging even short distances the beginner should not be disheartened if he finds himself one hundred yards or so "out" in his calculations, but; with practice his margin of errors should not•exceed ten per cent. It is,. a good plan to make 'two •estimates, and then to take the average, or mean, between them. Thus, if you reckon an object is between 200 and 300 yards away from you, your. final "shot" should. be 250 yards. 34 DOUBLE REPORT FROM GUN. Curious Phenomena Found. in War in the Alps. One of the curious phenomena• con- nected with the sounds of flying bul- lets is the apparently double report from the shot of a single gun. This is observed with especial frequency by the Austrians fighting in the Alps against the Italians, They were dis- posed to believe the second report was the echo of the first, but the curious fact remained that the skein,i was louder «than the first. Moreover, the German soldiers fighting in Belgium, ' , where the land lies as level as a table, " often heard two reports. The explanation now put forward is .. that the flying bullet compacts the air in front of it, and that this producee sound waves which, when they first strike the ear, give the effect • of an ; explosion. As the small -calibre bullet of the modern rifle flies considerably faster than sound travels the mall report arrives .later, and .is naturally louder then the •first.