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HomeMy WebLinkAboutExeter Times, 1915-10-7, Page 2RECENT FIGHTING RAS CHANGED WHOLE ASPECT OF TR. WAS They Nave Brought Eventual Victory for the Allies Within the Region of Calculable Certainty The. London Chronicle's military correspondent writes under date of October 1: "These lust five days have changed the whole aspect of the war. They have brought eventual victory within the region of absolute and cal- culable certainty. They have shown that mastery in the west now belongs definitely to the allies in such a de- gree that whenever and at whatever point the hammer stroke is now de- livered it will go crashing through the serried lines of fortifications upon which the enemy has spent twelve months of anxious attention and scien- tific ingenuity and upon the security of which, all his hopes, not of victory, but of an honorable peace, as he calls it, are entirely based. Each new stroke will bring the inevitable end nearer. After a time it will cease to be a matter of chipping deeply at the surface. Suddenly a vital spot will be touched. This may happen any day, and then will cone a sudden shrinking of the German line and the abandon- ment of a large part, perhaps all, of the occupied territory. Such a point for example, is the railway junction near Grand Pere, north of the Ar- gonne, upon which the French are directing their efforts from Massiges. The moment that railway is reached the position of the Crown Prince in the Argonne woods will become threa- tened and the long and costly German effort to turn the Meuee heights from the rear will have been brought to nothing. The abandonment of the Argonne would mean in the long run a general German retirement along the whole line, probably to the line of the Sambre and the Meuse. Similarly, the British capture of La Bassee and Lens would be followed by a shrink- age of the whole German line before Lille. The tale of the booty, gratify- ing as it is, is nothing like so enheart- ening as the clear and unquestionable proof that not merely the clearing of France and Belgium, but the definite defeat of the enemy, is within our power. That is the lesson of the last five days' offensive." FRENCH GAIN MORE GROUND Everywhere in Champagne the Great Offensive Movement Con- tinues. A despatch from Paris says: More ground has been gained by the French, and everywhere in Artois and in Champagne the great offensive continues. The booty captured in the first rush of the forward movement is growing rapidly as the work of counting is completed, so that now the seriousness of the German losses is much more clearly understood than was the case immediately after the first onslaught. The number of heavy field pieces ta- ken in Champagne alone now totals 121. A bombardment of unusual intens- ity of the newly won positions in Ar- tois has failed completely to dislodge the French troops or even to shake the security of their hold. The latest entrenchments taken in this sector, on the heights between Souchez and Vimy, are being planted with heavy batteries. At several points the French troops have gained a footing in the second line, and some of them even went right through, but encountering Ger- man reserves, were unable to maintain their progress. According to the Ger- man account these latter troops were captured. The Germans, however, ad- mit the loss of Hill 191, to the north of Massiges, where the French are not far from the railway triangle, the possession of which has been of the greatest advantage to the Germans, as one of the lines has been used for supplying the Argonne army. French Wounded in Paris. The • wounded French soldiers now in Paris say that the system of wire entanglements built by the Germans was more intricate than anything they had dreamed of. Even after the big. guns had literally churned up the earth many of the stakes and entan- glements remained as a serious im- pediment to rapid advance. It would seem that in Champagne particularly it was the cavalry that completed the rout of the Germans from their first positions. The charge of the horsemen, say the wounded, made a fine spectacle, and was the last thing needed to turn the Germans to flight. Many of the men are wounded in the Iegs. It was the machine gun fire playing on them as they advanced that made the most wounds. A great many, too, are suffering from bayonet wounds. Already large reinforcements for the Germans are arriving on the west- ern front,and their presence has already' had the effect of slackening somewhat the allies' offensive. But there is a possibility of the offensive breaking out on some other section of this front. In fact, the correspondent. of the Cologne Gazette at German• headquarters announces- that an at- tack was made east of Auberville, which he says was repulsed. rF Hope may bud when it is cloudy, but it blooms only in sunshine. The Sahara Desert has an area of about three and a half million square miles. The war lance of the Middle Ages was about sixteen feet long.' The pre- sent day lance rarely exceeds eleven feet. BRITAIN'S SHARE IN THE WAR. Has Done Far More Than Was Ever Promised. To read some of the jeremiads and the diatribes that are almost daily making their appearance in a section of the British press one might be in- clined to think, if he did not know, that the facts are all 'the other way, that the country had fallen far short, of its duty in relation to the carrying on of the war, says the Ayrshire (Scotland) Post. That we were un- prepared at the start was not our fault. We may have been too optim- istic -indeed, the facts have proved. that we were far too optimistic -in assessing the real meaning of Ger- many's intention, but that was only to the discredit of Germany which went on playing a lying game over a long series of years. But from the day the war broke out down till now. we have done our share, and far more of our share than we ever promised. As Mr. Balfour reminded us the other day we never promised to send more than 160,000 men at most to fight on the Continent. That offer, as he said, was "most gratefully accepted," and' and the Expeditionary Force that we did send proved itself a tower of strength out of all proportion to its numbers in the early and the very dark days of the campaign. But for the navy, and it is not too much to say that Europe would by this time have been under the heel of Germany. Whatever has failed in the war the British Navy has not. Fam- iliarity with its deeds may have blunt- ed us to their towering importance, but the facts are there to speak of for themselves. We have brought our troops' safely from the ends of the earth and have landed them in France and in Egypt and on the Gallipoli Peninsula without the enemy ever once daring to challenge the right of the sea to them. We have kept both ourselves and our Allies in ample stores of food and of raw materials. And never once since this time last year has Great Britain looked back. Her 160,000 men on the Continent have swelled to over a million, and there are larger armies than .these at home ready for action or in course of preparation to take the field. Then, where would the Allied cause have been but for the power of British fin- ance? The facts are to well known to call for any emphasis; they offer the flat contradiction of self-evident truth to any suggestion that Great Britain has failed in her duty, or that she is failing in it at the present time. 34 240 GERMANS KILLED IN MUNITIONS FACTORY A despatch from Stockholm says: The newspaper, Dagens Nyheter, on the authority of a business man, who has just returned from Germany, says that a great explosion occurred in an ammunition factory at Wittenberg, Prussia. Two hundred and forty-two, workmen were killed and many in- jured. DUTCH AGAIN COMPLAIN OF ZEPPELIN VISITS A despatch from The Hague says: The Dutch Government has made a serious protest to Germany concerning the passage of German airships over Dutch territory. }Tolland declares it expects Germany to take adequate measures to avoid violation of Dutch territory in the future. GERMANS .ADMIT 47 SUBMARINES SUNK No News `fas Been Received From Crews of This Number for Someyeel W [s A despatch from London says: The Daily Mail learns from its corresponfr dent in Copenhagen that a Berlin re- port port states no news has been reeefved in well-informed naval circles for tome 'Weeks , concerning the fate of 47 submarines and that they are there- fore supposed to have been lost. The Admiralty hitherto admitted onl the the loss of seven submersibles. GENERALS FOCI -I AND FRENCH CONFERRING ABOUT THE WAS Gen, Foch, French commander of the army of the north, and Field Marshal Sir John French con ferning at the headquarters of Gt i. Foch. Gen. Foch, considered one of France's greatest strategists, Ls in absolute charge of the French army of the north. Markets Of The World h3°ectd 32;0 No 1 stock, 28c;No.32 sstocke24 to 25c. Potatoes -Per bag, car lots, 65c. Breadstuffs. Dressed hogs -Abattoir killed, $13.75 Toronto, Oct. 5. -Manitoba wheat- to $14. Pork -Heavy Canada short New crop -No. 1 Northern, 97c; No. 2 Northern, 95c, on track lake ports, immediate shipment. American corn -No. 2 yellow, 72e, on track lake ports. Canadian corn -No. 2 yellow, 74c, on track Toronto. Ontario oats -New crop -No. 2 white, 37 to 38c; No. 3 white, 35 to 37c; rejected oats, 31 to 34c, accord- ing to freights outside. Ontario wheat -New No. 2 Winter, per car lot, 88 to 90c; wheat slightly tough, 80 to 85c; sprouted or smutty, 65 to 80c, according to samples and freights de g s out 'si Peas -No. 2, nominal. Barley -Good malting barley, 52 to 54c; feed barley, 43 to 45c, according to freights outside. Buckwheat -Nominal. Rye -No. 2, 85c, nominal, according to freights outside. Manitoba flour -First patents, in jute bags, $5.75; second patents, in jute bags, $5.25; strong bakers', in jute bags, $5.05, Toronto. Ontario flour -New Winter, 90 per cent. patents, $3.80, seaboard, or To- ronto freights in bags, prompt ship- ment. Millfeed-Car lots, delivered Mont- real freights -Bran, $24 per ton; shorts, $26 per ton; middlings, $27 per ton; good feed flour, $1.80 per bag. Country Produce. Butter -Fresh dairy, 25 to 27c; in- ferior, 22 to 23c; creamery prints, 30 to 31c; do., solids, 28 to 29%. Eggs -No. 1, 26 to 27c per dozen, in case lots -' extra at 28 to 30cHoney-No.Honey-o. 1 light (wholesale), 10 to 11%c; do., retail, 12% to 15c. Combs (wholesale), per dozen, No. 1, $2.40; No. 2, $1.50 to $2. Poultry -Spring chickens, 20c; fowl, 16 to 17c; ducklings, 17 to 18c; tur- keys, 22 to 24c. Cheese -14% to 15e; twins, 15 to 1514c. Potatoes -The market is quiet, with oar lots quoted at 65c per bag, on track. Provisions. Bacon, long clear, 14 to 141/.c per• lb., in case lots. Hams -Medium, 18% to 19c; do., heavy,14% to 150; rolls, 15 to 16c; breakast bacon, 20 to 23c; backs, plain, 23 to 24c; bone- less backs, 25 to 25%c. Lard -The market is easier; pure lard, tubs, 12 to 1214; do., pails, 12/4 to 12i%c; compound, tubs, 9% to 10c; do., pails, 1114c. Baled Hay and Straw. Baled hay, new -No. 1, ton, $15 to $16.50; No. 2, ton, $13 to $14; baled straw, ton, $6.50. Business in Montreal. Montreal, Oct. 5. -Corn --American No. 2 yellow, 79e. Oats -No. 2 local white, 43% to 44c; No. 3 local white, 42 to 43c; No. 4 local white, 41% to 42c. Flour ---Manitoba Spring wheat mess, bbls., 35 to 45 pieces, $28 to $28.50; 'Canada short-cut back, bbls., 45 to. 55 pieces, $27 to $27.50. Lard -Compound, tierces, 375 lbs., 10c; wood pails, 20 lbs. net, 101/zc; pure, tierces, 375 lbs., 11% to 12c; pure, wood pails, 20 lbs. net, 12% to 13c. United States Markets. Minneapolis, Oct. 5. -Wheat -No. 1 hard, 99%/sc; No. 1 Northern, 93%c to 98%e; No. 2 Northern, 87% to 95%c; September, 963%; December, 91%c. Corn -No. 3 yellow, 651 to 66%c. Oats -No. 3 white, 323/, to 33%c. Flour and bran unchanged. d. Duluth, Oct. 5. -Wheat -No. 1 hard, 9614c; No. 1 Northern, 95%e; No. 2 Northern, 9314; Montana No. 2 hard, 97e; September, 96c; December, 9214c. Linseed -Cash, $1.82; Sep- tember, $1.82; December, $1.771c. New York, Oct. 5. -Flour easier. Spring patents, $5.75 to $6.15; Spring clears, $5.40 to $5.55. Rye flour quiet. Hay steady. Hops quiet. Hides steady. Leather firm. Live Stock Market. Toronto, Oct. 5. -Best heavy steers, $7.75 to $8; butchers' cattle, choice, $7.60 to $7.75; do., good, $7.10 to $7.50; do., medium, $6.50 to $7; do., common, $5 to $5.40; butchers' bulls, choice, $6.25 to $7; do., good bulls, $5.75 to $6; do. rough bulls, $4.75 to $5.25; butchers' cows, choice, $6.45 to $6.75; do., good, $5.25 'to $6; do., medium, $5 to $5.75; do. common, $4.50 to $5; feeders, good, $6.50 to $7.25; stockers, 700 to 900 lbs., $6.25 to $7; canners and cutters, $3.25 to $4.75; milkers, choice, each, $65 to $95; do., common and medium, each, $35 to $55; Springers, $50 to $95; light ewes, $5 to $6; sheep, heavy, $4.25 to $4.75; do., bucks, $3.50 to $4.50; yearling lambs, $7 to $7,.50; Spring lambs, cwt., $8.50 to $8.75; elves, ' medium to choice, $7.25 to $11; hogs, off cars, $10.10 to $10.25; do., fed and watered, $9.75; do., f.o.b., $9.40. Montreal, Oct. 5.-A feature of the cattle trade to -day was the increased offerings of canning stock, and an active trade was done in bulls at $3.75 to $4.25 and in cows at $3 to $3.25 per cwt. The best steers offer- ed sold at $6.50 to $6.75, and the lower grades from that down to $5.50, while cows and bulls brought from $4.50 to $6 per cwt. The trade in small meats was active. Lambs, Ontario stock, at $7.75 to $8, and Quebec at $7 to $7.50 per cwt. Ewes, $4.75 to $5, and bucks and culls at $4 to $4.50 per cwt.. Calves, $3 to $13�each, as , to size and quality. Hogs, choice selected lots, $9.75 to 10, • and rougher, and'poorer lots 8.75 to $9.50per cwt. weighed d off s g cars. AUSTRIAN AEROPLANES RAID SERBIAN TOWN A despatch from Nish says: The firsts, $.85 seconds, $.35 following official statement has been patents,raker ' 5.x; s inter $ sf ice:t strong gpat- bakers', 15 $ i Wissued at the Serbian War O ents, choice, ,$5.50; straight rollers, "Hostile aeroplanes flew over Pod - $4.80 to $5; do, bags, $2.25 to $2.35. jervatz, dropping 22 bombs and kill- I Rolled oats-=-Bb{ls., $4.90 to $5; do,, ing three men, but doing no damage bags, 90 lbs., $2.25 to $2.30. Bran, of military significance. On the sec -1 $23 to $25. Shorts, $25 to $27. Mid - and visit they again dropped bombs dlings, $30 to $31. Mouillie, $30 to g pp y i $34. Hay -No. 2, per ton, car lots,killing one man. The same day enemy $17 to $18. Cheese -Finest westerns, detaehments tried vainly to cross the 14% to 15c; finest earsterns, 141/8 to .Dri.ua near tesnilt: A similar attempt 141/4c. Butter -Choicest creamery, was made near Porachnitz." 1 TURKS FLEE UP THE TIGRIS PERSUED BY BRITISH FORCES Additional Details of the the Ottoman Fore British Success Against es in, Mesopotamia ' A despatch from Load= says: J. Austen Chamberlain, Secretary for India, gave out additional details of the British success against the Turks in Mesopotamia, in which the previous report said that the _ Ottoman forces were in full retreat toward Bagdad, with the British in hot pursuit. The statement says the British cav- alry entered Kut-el-Amarna, 90 miles south-east of Bagdad, on the Tigris River, last week. The town was found to be deserted and the Turks in flight toward Bagdad by road and river: Along the river gunboats and steam- ers with an. Indian brigade aboard in pursuit. An aeroplane dropped bombs on one of the Turk steamers. "The total prisoners captured ag- gregated 1,650," says the statement, "but more are coming in. The Turk- ish force, which is commanded by Nureddin Pasha, is estimated at some 8,000 regular troops, who are assisted by a considerable number of tribes- men. "The captured positions showed the trenches had been constructed with remarkable thoroughness, having com- munication trenches extending for miles and a system of contact mines." GERMAN DEAD PILED FOUR DEEP Capture of Loos One of the Most Glorious Exploits of the British Army. A despatch from London says: A correspondent of. Reuter's . Telegram Company sends the following despatch from British headquarters describing the.fighting in the great offensive of the allies on the western front: "The first charge made by our men from the Vermelles trenches in the grey light of morning, which carried them right through the village of Loos and to the summit of Hill 70 and be- yond this, will rank as one of the most glorious exploits of the British army. "Nothing could stop them. Two German trenches defending the village fell first; then a race across some open country and they were in the streets of Loos. Some hand-to-hand fighting with bombs and bayonets, and then out of the village to the slope -of Hill 70, about half a mile to the east. The ,last desperate rush took them to the summit, some going even beyond until checked by a strong earthwork defence with numerous machine guns. "The enemy's batteries had by this time begun to concentrate on the slopes of the hill, and therefore our men were ordered to 'dig in about a hundred yards from the summit.• "Fierce fighting continued around the hill on Sunday and Monday. The new army battalions played an impor- tant part in the attack; men who had no experience in real fighting sprang forward to the sound of the officers' whistles with a dash and gallantry which"nothing could stop. Paying no heed to the terrible fire poured on them from the hidden guns, they pressed forward at a steady pace, making their way through the barbed wire entanglements, forcing the ene- my's trenches and bayoneting the Ger- mans in them. "Germans caught hiding in cellars, from which they kept up a steady fire on the men dashing through the streets of the village, were hauled forth; machine guns firing through holes in the walls of cottages were charged and captured. FIVE PERSONS KILLED DURING MOSCOW RIOT A despatch from Petrograd says: A proclamation issued by the prefect of Moscow exhorts the inhabitants of that city to avoid a repetition of the regrettable incidents of the last two days, when five persone were killed and a. number slightly wounded as a result of unwarranted interference with the police. The prefect also requests the peo- ple not to gather in crowds, saying that ruffians await opportunities . to begin disorders wherever people as- semble, however casually. The proc- lamation has had the desired effect It is universally admitted that the disorders began without the police in any wise being to blame, and also that there was no political design con- nected with them. .14 LISTED POTS AND PANS., IN THE KAISER'S HOME A despatch from Geneva says: The Emperor's palace in Berlin was visited recently by the commission having in charge the seizure of metals for Gov- erntnent use and a list of the metals at the Court was demanded. The Court chamberlain ordered all the members of the royal family to make individual lists,, By the orders of Em- peror William all metals not in actual necessary use will be seized. SUDDEN STROKE TO BE LAUNCHED French Close Swiss Frontier and Re- strict Other Communica- tions. A despatch from Paris says: The War Office announced that the German casualties in killed, wounded and pri- soners are in excess of three army corps, 120,000 on the fifth day of the fighting on the western front. The amount of booty is enormous. Already 79 cannon have been dragged to the rear of the French lines with a mass of uncounted material, including rifles, machine guns, ammunition and sup- plies. The battle continues without respite. In Artois the French troops pressed forward step by step until they had reached the dominating height known as Hill 140, and the extensive orchards to the south. This hill, the highest in the vicinity, commands a great ex- panse of country to the north, and once the French guns are placed on its summit the 'German communica- tions for miles around will be imper- illed. In Champagne the struggle contin- ues no less furiously. French troops are gradually making their way up the Tahure heights and are closing in along the approaches to the village itself. These heights, like the crest of Hill 140 in Artois, will afford the French ` guns a clear sweep towards the German communications at the rear, and will make it possible to so embarrass the German operations that a continued defence of that region will be' very difficult. East of Tahure and north of Man- siges, where the fighting was as bit- ter as at any other point on the entire front, the French made fresh gains in spite of the furious resistance be- ing offered by the Germans. There is no doubt of the character of this re- sistance. The Germans are doing the stiffest fighting yet displayed by them in the west. Perhaps the heaviest fighting since the offensive began is now going on, for the British are attacking the Ger- man third line of defence south of La Bassee Canal, and the Germans have brought up reinforcements against both the British and the French, and are making every effort to retrieve the lost ground. Belgium, despatches from Holland' say, has been denuded of troops, while German detachments are even being removed from the east- ern front to meet the greatest effort made in the west since the armies took up their present positions from Belgium to. Switzerland. The Germans are trying to divert the allies by a heavy artillery bom- bardment north and south of the Aisne, but, plans having been made. by Gen. Joffre, the French are strik- ing with all their forces at their com- mand at the points selected. The re- port that the German Emperor has arrived at the western front is con- firmed, and he has already dismissed some of -his generals for allowing their lines to be pressed back to al- most the breaking point. .14 GREAT BRITAIN ISSUES DUMBA'S SAFE CONDUCT A despatch from Washington says: Sir Cecil -Spring -Rice, the British Am- bassador, personally delivered to Act- ing Secretary Polk at the . State De- partment a safe conduct under which Dr. Constantin Dumba, the Austrian Ambassador, will return to Vienna. The department asked for the safe conduct some days ago . when Dr. Dumba telegraphed from the Summer Embassy at Lenox, Mass., that he had been ordered home, and requested that arrangements for his • safe pas,. sage be made. German Submarine Campaign Crushed A despatch from Washington says: Great Britain has discovered and put into effective operation means of com- batting batting the• submarine, which, accord- ing to official reports to the United States Government, already have re- sulted in a loss estimated at between 50 and 70 German submarines. The reports declare that the British Ad- miralty confidently believes - it has crushed the German undersea out- paign. New methods of offence and defence that may revolutionize naval warfare have been adopted. Within the last three weeks confidential re- ports to various Government depart- ments from representatives in Euro, peen capitals of neutral as well as belligerent countries have confirmed the British Admiralty's view that an effective means of dealing with the submarine has been found. ENGLISH NURSES F INCE ARE VERY POPULAR WITH THE FRENCH PEOPLE. Over 200 Have Been Working Since Last December Along the French Liiie. We have grown as used to the uni- form of the English nurse in the streets of Paris as we have to the khaki of the British soldier, and al- though they are to be seen in fewer numbers now than during last winter,, when the British Red Cross had so' ' many hospitals in the city, the ip rses have not left us altogether, axd' we still speculate on the meanings of their different uniforms, writes a Paris correspondent. The French people speak well of the "Nurses Anglaises," and in the hospitals behind the line where British or American nursing prevails the French soldiers consider themselves. lucky. The comfort and cleanliness please them, and they grow accustom. ed to the hospital etiquette. Bu( there are some British nurses of whom we have heard very little, al. though that little is of great account. They are the nurses on the front, the. French front, who are working in French military hospitals under direct. orders of the French military authori- ties and who are paid by the French Government. Very quietly an Englishman offered to organize a staff of British nurses for this purpose, and as quietly the French military authorities accepted, so that since last December" 200 Bri- tish nurses have been working hard. avebeall along the French line. They haver- been en in bombardments, they have fought with disease, they have tactful- ly made their methods of nursing ac- ceptable to the French doctors. Hardships and Dangers. They are paid at the rate of $200 a year, and they pay all incidental ex- penses themselves. If they fall ill they fall ill they are sent home, and that is all that is done for them. They rank as officers and have their own mess and whatever privileges for per- sonal comfort may be going. But comforts are rare in the danger zone of the armies, and the position of the British nurses has often been peril- ous. They work in bands of five or six, and they have orderlies to help them and a certain number of French professional nurses. Their first heavy work was among the typhoid patients and their value in such work may be easily imagined, particularly when we learn the dearth of modern conven- iences in the hastily -installed hospi- tals where they were called upon to do their best. One nurse writes: "This is certainly a weird, pi,ace at night. One hundred and fiftyjtients in this block, and only three orderlies and one of ourselves on duty. Severaf, ' men are delirious, and it is a constant chasing other one ward to the t 0 stuff them into their little beds." From another part of the line we get French tributes to British nurses, and hear of their splendid courage un- der bombardment. They carried their patients into the comparative safety of cellars, they stayed by those whom it was inipossible to move, and in all cases they showed a calmness and cheerfulness' which proved of immea- sureable help to those in authority. A nurse who had been nursing typhoid for many weeks, and who was tired beyond description, tells how, one day, after some difficulty with an or- derly who did not understand her very broken French, she sat down on the foot of a soldier's bed and said with a. sob, "I must go home. I can't stand it any longer. It's too awful." At which the soldier just . put his head down on his pillow and cried like a child. "So, of course," said the nurse, "I couldn't go,. If they find us as use- ful as that, no sacrifice is too great to make for them." Difficulties of Language. The difficulties of the language have caused many nurses to have ex- periences which are both comical and serious, as they make for misunder- standings. To translate from English into French is extraordinarily danger- ous. "Je ve(ix," says a nurse to an orderly, and he bristles with obsti- nacy; whereas, if she only knew enough to use the verb in an- other tense the orderly would be, aeo obedient as she could wish. The food is yet another drawback, for there is no human being alive who appears to attach more importance to an "Eng- lish breakfast" than the hospital nurse. Great praise is given to the Scotch, the Canadian and the Provincial trained English nurses for their power to adapt themselves toanything and everything, and it seems as if re- sourcefulness were of greater value to the' French front than p4:t );ech- nique. It is, indeed, ratherleless to be technically perfect in yai• work if you have not the necessary tools, and how often do not the English nurses . in the military hospitals find themselves forced to do medical nurs- • ing and surgical dressing with the . minimum of hospital necessaries. Not long ago a Parisian dress- maker put pretty girls to wear.' nervi dresses in the windows of his estab- lishment, in place of the usual wax models.