HomeMy WebLinkAboutClinton News-Record, 1984-05-23, Page 2MASONRY
A
kamiik, caribou skin with the hair on and to
the outside on the leg section, and with the
hair in on the foot area. On some of these
kamiiks, a sole is added with the hair to the
outside. If there is no sole, an additional
moccasin, hair out, is placed over the foot.
The pants, which ride low on the hip and
come to just below the knees, are pulled on
next and held in place with suspenders. A
light down jacket, heavy sweater, or both
according to the temperature, are put on
next and the knee length parka pulled over
the whole outfit. A toque, caribou mittens
and face mask complete the ensemble, and
you're ready for just about anything. Sur-
prisingly, once dressed, the -outfit seems
very light and mobility does not feel
restricted to any great degree.
The next step is a quick check of the
qamutik (traditional sled) to see that the
essentials are there and lashed down
securely. Spare fuel for the snowmobile,
Coleman stove and teapot, saw to cut snow
blocks if you get caught out and have to
build an igloo; a chunk of frozen caribou
meat, rifle, spare rope, and three or four
caribou skins (cushions for the rider on the
qamutik and emergency sleeping robes if
needed) are all checked off. A few spare
parts for the snowmobile are added, and
you're ready for a day trip.
The Coleman stove and teapot are essen-
tial for any outing, and any excuse to stop
and make tea is seized withenthusiasm.
Few people realize it, but the Aorctic is a true
desert area, getting very little precipitation,
and the air is extremely dry. Dehydration
can occur very, easily, with drastic con-
sequences, so it -is important to keep the
body fluid level up. Tea, of course, is the
main beverage, and consequently is con-
sumed in very large quaptities.
The biggest danger when travelling is
frostbite on the face, due to the wind chill
factor, but with a few precautions any trip
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ES A , 4A7/28, 1984
Recently Steve Cooke of Clinton visited Canada's great Northwest
Territories. Steve flew into Resolute Bay to hunt muskox and
experience life in the Arctic. The week . long excursion was
described by Steve as, "a magnificent trip...a visit to the N.W.T. is
something every Canadian should strive for at least once in their
lifetime." (Steve Cooke photo)
da vacation r
March break in tradlllolaUy the time
when 1 anadians make a mass exit to the
Sallied States' sw them states, hut not for
SteveCooke:oi Clinton.
While vacationers headed south, Steve set
his sites for the opposite end of the North
American continent - Canada's Northwest
Territories.
.. Steve and five travelling companions
from Germany, Florida and Texas, spent a
week in Canada's great north to hunt
muskox and see the Arctic way of life.
.. The trip, organized by Canada North
Outfitting from Waterdown, was described
by Steve as a trip of a lifetime.
Canada's Last Frontier
By Steve Cooke
Awesome! It's the only suitable word
available to describe Canada's High Arctic.
In summer, it's endless miles of rolling,
hillocky,tundra with a profusion of bright
wildfloers and crystal clear lakes and
rivers. In winter, it's white, white, and more
white.
The Northwest Territories of Canada is a
vast and expansive area stretching 3,200
kilometers (2,000 miles) east to west, and
from the 60th parallel to the North Pole. The
territories cover more than 3.3 million
square kilometers and represent more than
half of the total land mass of Canada. Its
population is a cultural rnix of Inuit
(Eskimos), Dene (Indian and Metes) and
Canadians of European origin who have
chosen to reside in the north. Most people
live in towns, villages and hamlets, but
recently outpost camps have been re-
established by some Inuits interested in liv-
ing to BMW traditional style,
Out of.a total of 64 communities in the Nor
thweat Territories, 42 of them are accessible
ot�lly
tar. aircl.aft.. As a result of isolation,
dilatamtce,' and transportation costs, the coat
of living is generally 301040 40 per cent higher
than southern Canada.
This important aspect of Arctic life is
demonstrated at every turn, and is even evi-
dent before you arrive there. Nordair ser-
vices the Arctic with efficient flights
originating in Montreal and Toronto to
points north, with Frobisher Bay on Baffin
Island being the major crossroads point.
The flights up and back are comfortable and
efficient (you even get a champagne
breakfast if the timing is right) in a modern
Boeing 737, but as soon as you board the air-
craft you start to realize how important that
air carrier umbilical lifeline is to the north.
Rarely do the 737's carry more than three
dozen passengers (makes for excellent ser-
vice from the friendly stewardesses), and
the rest of the plane is separated off to
transportthose much needed supplies.
Once there, contact with the friendly Inuit
(Inuit is the term preferred by the local in-
habitants and means "The People" in their
language. Eskimo is an Indian name which
translates as "eaters of raw meat" and is
regarded as more of a derogatory term)
makes you appreciate their philosophical
approach to the harsh conditions. It's amaz-
ing that man could adapt at all to the en-
vironment, yet archeological records show
that the Inuit have a history and culture
which goes back over 4,000 years.
Before the white man entered the picture,
Cooke
the Inuit were virtually free of com-
muntcable diseases and lived on a highro-
tent diet (mainly fish, seal and caribou) in
perfect harmony with the land. Nature pro-
vided themwith the only clothing (caribou
skin with its hollow hair) which would allow
them to survive the icy blasts of winter, high
energy foods and seal oil for light and heat,
'lie white man brought disease, alcohol,
amid carbohydrate based foods, which have
contributed to a general decline in health
and dental status. It is encouraging to see
the move away from modern technology,.
and a return to the more traditional
lifestyles of their ancestors.
A visit to the Northwest Territories is
something every Canadian should strive for
at least once in their lifetime. Organized
tours are being conducted all the time, and
general sightseeing trips can be coupled
with favorite activities. Fishing trips for
Arctic Char and Grayling can be arranged
along with wildlife photographic trips.
Caribou hunting takes place in the late sum-
mer and Muskox hunting in the spring.
Cross country ski trips, organized
snowmobile excursions to the magnetic
North Pole, backpacking trips, and even ge-
nuine dog sled trips on traditional hunting
and fishing trips with the Inuit themselves
are possible. For information on trips to
Canada's Northwest Territories, contact
Canada North Outfitting, 254 Dundas St. E.,
Waterdown, Ontario, LOR 2H0. It takes a lit-
tle bit of a pioneering attitude to make this
magnificent trip, but once on your way,
every second will be savoured, cherished,
and remembered.
Muskox - species from the ice age Travelling orLthe tundra can be dangerous
"`fir
By Steve Cooke
Muskox are a carry over species from the
ice age and actually seem to be out of place
in the vast regions they inhabit. None the
less, they are well adapted to survive in the
harsh environment where they are found,
and due to a strictly regulated harvest pro-
gram are increasing in numbers throughout
their original range. They have also been in-
troduced to Iceland, Spitsbergen, Nunivak
Island and the. Kargulen Islands of the An-
tarctic.
The name Muskox, placed on the beast by
early explorers, is a complete misnomer.
There is no musk, even though the bulls ex-
ude a.strong odor when rutting, and they are
more closely related to goats than to any
other animal. In many ways the name Arc-
tic Buffalo would be more appropriate since
their horn formation and herd instincts
more closely resemble the African Cape
Buffalo. The best name by far for this exotic
animal, however, is the Inuit name Om-
ingmak which means "the'animal with skim
like a beard".
The Omingmak were heavily hunted by
early explorers in the 19th century for their.
meat as well as their hides, and by 1930, it
'was estimated that only about 500 animals
remained on the mainland.. The hides, with
their long guard hairs and soft silky under -
fur, were prized for sleigh rugs, and it is
estimated that between 1864 and 1916, over
15,000 skins were shipped from Northern
Canada. In 1917 the muskox received full
protection and the herd today is estimated
to be in excess of 10,000 animals. A limited
number of tags areissued each year to the
IMO
Inuit, based on extensive active research
programs and the individual use of the tags
is decided upon by the local Hunters Trap-
pers Associations in the various com-
munities.
ornmunities. Most tags are retained for
domestic use by the Inuit themselves, but
through agreements reached in 1979, a few
are sold each year for use by white sport
hunters. These sport tags are proving to be
very valuable economically to the isolated
Inuit communities in the Arctic.
As I said before, Muskox seem in-
congruous in their Arctic Setting. Land
mammals in the north are generally small
bodied, so less area is exposed to the bitter
cold and smaller quantities of food are re-
quired to maintain the necessary energy
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Dressing for the Acrtic cold means layers
and layers of clothing. Shirts, trousers,
socks and underwear made from wool,
along with caribou skin boots, parka, pants
and mitts make up the typical Arctic attire.
One participant on the recent N.W.T.
excursion found the -20 .Celeius'
temperatures a complete contrast to the 32
degree Celcuis heat he encountered on a
previous African safari. (Steve Cooke
photo)
By Steve Cooke
Travel on the tundra is not something
which should ever be taken lightly. In that
harsh and unforgiving country, a mistake, a
slip up or a little thoughtlessness, which
would just be an inconvenience in the south,
can mean death in the Arctic. Two of our
guides, who set out for our Muskox hunting
camp 180 miles south of Resolute Bay on
snowmobiles, got caught up in an ice fog.
Unable to pick up any landmarks and, not
sure of where they were, they made a snow
camp and waited out three days of cold,
wind and fog until the weather lifted. When
they finally got on the move again, it turned
out that they were only two miles from our
warm and comfortable huts.
A light twin engine aircraft ran into unex-
pected headwinds while we were there and
ran out of fuel. There was only one thing to
do; a wheels up, belly in landing on the ice.
The Emergency Locating Transmitter went
into action when the plane was down, and
every available aircraft in the area was up
searching for the lost plane. Seven hours
later it was found, and the crew and.
passenger airlifted out to Resolute Bay: The
plane itself was salvaged the following day
by doing on the spot repairs, lifting the air-
craft up so they could put the wheels down,
and shovelling out a runway by hand on the
ice. These occasions are rare, but they do
happen.
When we headed out to hunt Muskox,
caribou skin clothing was the dress of the
day. Conventional clothing, no matter how
good a rating it gets, just isn't quite good
enough to do the job. The only thing that
comes close is the specialized gear
developed by the armed forces for Arctic
warfare, and even that isn't as good.
The method of dressing was time consum-
ing, but once completed you were complete-
ly insulated from the Arctic cold. Wool
underwear, a heavy wool shirt, wool pants
and two pairs of good wool socks formed the
inner layer. If you are allergicto wool,
forget the Arctic in winter, because it is
essential. The kamiiks (boots) came next.
These items come in a variety of forms, ac-
cording to the individual maker, but they
are all basically the same. A long -wool duf-
fle sock, which comes over the knee, goes on
first, and then another wool duffle moc-
casin. Over this goes the main shell of the
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