HomeMy WebLinkAboutExeter Times, 1896-10-29, Page 3dl'
CURRENT NOTES.
If the s oung Czar, Nicholas II., be
:a man of some imagination, he can hard-
ly fail to contrast the enthusiastic wel-
aome which he received in Paris the
other day with the very different cir-
numstanees under which three of his
ancestors have visited. the French cap-
ital, Those who preceded him—we re-
fer of course to Peter the Great, Alex=
ander I„ and Alexander II„—encounter-
ed only "half disdainful curiosity, resent-
ful silence, or indignant disapproval,
whereas the present Emperor will find
himself the idealized object of anation's
gratitude and trope.
When Peter I. came to Paris in
1716 he lain been the sole ruler of. Rus-
sia for about twenty years. He was al-
ready surnamed "The Great,” for he
was known to have introduced some
features of high civilizatian in a coun-
try wwhich' was centuries behind Wes-
tern Europe, to have laid the foundation
of St. Petersburg, tohave built a navy,
to have organized an army on the latest
models, and to have beaten at Poltava
Charles XII. of Sweden, one of the
greatest Generals of the day. But in
spite of the genius which he undoubted-
ly possessed, and of the almost path-
etin diligence with which he strove to
imitate the mages of the West, Peter
was still in his habits and manners only
a half -reclaimed barbarian, and he was
ecoompanied by ;his second wife, the
coarse Livonian ,peasant girl, who is
known. to history as Catherine I. The
hronieles of the time xecount the sen-
eet ation produced at the court of the
'liegeut Orleans by the astounding lack
of refincinent, anti even of personal
_cleanliness evinced by this illustrious
'' Czar ; indeed. some of the incidents re-
corded recall the stories told in our
own time regarding the behavior of the
Shah and his suite in Buckingham Pal-
ace. Every night would the great Mus-
covite and 'hie spouse get drunk togeth-
er, and every morning they would be
- found sleeping off their potations. on
) the floor, which they regarded with
teas suspicion than the bed. In the
,streets they were chased and beset by
the eager -eyed Parisians as if they had
• been wild animals; and it entered not
the head of the wildest dreamer to im-
agine that a euceessor of that royal
boor would one day be aeclaimed with
rapture as the savior anti champion
of France.
Alexander I. with the allied armies
entered Paris in the spring of 1814,
just before the first abdication of Na-
poleon, and again, the next year, after
Waterloo. There were reasons why,
t. fader happier conditions, he might
have been sympathetic to Parisians.
Ells commanding presence, his culture,
his refinement, his magnanimity, and
-a les urbanity made a deep impression
upon Mose who were not inflexibly op-
posed to him in politics. It was known,
eosides, that his grandmother, Cath-
erine II., who in all her tastes was
b tench woman, had given him for
w tutor the French litterateur, La
llarpe,, and that in his manners and
views of life he was a Frenchman of
she ancien regime. But ho personified
the mutilation and abasement of France;
and bis arrival in Paris portended the
restoration of a hated dynasty, sure
to be hostile in spirit, if not in act, to
the free institutions which for two
preceding decades had assured prosper-
ity and ,progress. Amid such dismal
associations, the Czar Alexander could
not hope for anything but perfunctory
respect and purchasable plaudits, and
it must have been brought home to him
in a hundred disagreeable ways. that
to the malls of the Parisians he was
a most unwelcome visitant.
It was in 1867 that Alexander II„
the grandfather of the present Czar,
crossed Europe to witness the great
exposition of that year, in which the
• prestige of the second empire seemed
to culminate, so far as superficial splen-
dor went. In the career of the illus-
trious sight -seer there bad been at
least one incident which should have
led the emotional Parisians to view him
with admiration and esteem. Only a
few years had passed since, by a stroke
of the pen, the Ruadan Emperor had
emancipated over 20,000,000 of serfs, and
had generously endowed them with the
lands which they had previously tilled
for others; a reform which, as re-
gards the unselfishness of the motives
prompting it and the colossal scope of
its beneficence, has never been equalled
on the earth. Almost simultaneously
hoiwever, with the memorable de]iv-,
erance of th'e Russian peasantry from
servitude had broken out the last
Polisih insurrection, which, ata men now
t. living can recall, was literally drowned
in blood. The hearts) of many French-
men bad been wrung by the fate of
those combatants for liberty, and the
anxious efforts of Nlapoleon III. to
tihield his friend from annoyance could
not altogether repress the utterance of
reproach and imprecation, or prevent
a young law student from, shouting
" V ive 1e. Pologne, Sire 1" in the start-
led ear of the imeerial guest. In
k'renchmen's dyes Nicholas II. embod-
ies the immense resources and .tremen-
ddous possibilities of the one great
European power without whose assis-
tance France 'its helpless, but with
w'hos'e aid she rave' look forward.to re-
gaining quickly the piece of pride
which ehe has held in history.
HAD TO APPLY ELSEWHERE.
Jones, olid boy, I've left ray pocket-
book at home again.
Forget it
No; but there's such a lot of. impe
eunious fellows always wanting to bor-
row. Let me have a defiler ,until I see
you again.
Too bad. 1 lent my pocketbook et
home for the same reason.
HOUSEHOLD.
A RENOVATED KITCHEN.
A writer tells how a farmer's daugh-
ter went home from, boarding school
and with commendable energy went to
work to make her mother's workshop
more comfortable and convenient.
The kitchen in this hoano was a long
room with three windows on one side
and two on the other. Like many such
kitchens, it had few conveniences. For
one thing, the mother had trudged up
and down stairs all her life in order
to store away eatables, when a closet
put up in the kitchen would have served
the purpose quite as well. This the
daughter quickly perceived, and on her
advice a carpenter was engaged to
build a olooet in a corner, taking in a
window far light and air— and the
whole job when completed cost only 461
Next the walls and ceiling were painted
a light brownish yellow. This fixed
them so that when soiled or smoked
they could be readily washed with soap
and water. All the woodwork, with
the exception of the closet and shelves,
was painted vermillion. A shelf was
erected with brackets between two of
the windows for the clock, and another
in a similar manner over the stove for
irons, stove -lifter, and other small
kitchen belongings which, always have
a greater or Less tendency to disappear.
On the wall above this last shelf the
daughter hung a fancy calendar, to-
gether with a note -book and pencil-,
that her mother could jot down the
things wanted from town as they oc-
curred to bar.
The girl then turned her attention
to the dish shelves. She had a pair
of doors put in the lower part" Behind
these were to be kept the pots and pans.
Pinked oilcloth was tacked on the edge
of the upper shelves, and on them were
arranged the tins, earthen and china-
ware. These things perfected, she
brought out the mottles, preserves and
such provisions as were kept up -stairs,
as well as "down cellar." Buckets were
provided large enough to hold flour,
meal, sugar, and so on, to last at least
a fortnight, A tin pail with a cover
was employed to bold bread, because it
cost much less than the regulation
bread. box, and answered the purpose.
nearly as well. Cake and crullers were
placed in stone crocks„ Dried fruits,
peas, beans, and herbs were, kept on
hand in moderate quantities, by being
hang around undt he wv Ie.
a sb
bags. a a•
In
the closet se. a Placa was provided for
buckets, baskets, brooms, and also for
clothes -lines and pins and ironing -board.
But the daughter's work was not com-
pleted yet. She taeked on the door lead -
tug from the kitchens into the hall a
large square of dark linen with a doz-
en large pockets bound with fancy
braid. Three of the pockets held balls
of cord of various sizes, tape line and
shear! and paper sacks neatly folded.
A box of buttons, cotton, needles, pins,
thimble and scissors filled the fourth.
Two of its neighbors adjoining had. a
Little tablet, pencil, and knife, a box
of tanks, some nails, a. screw driver, a
hammer, gimlet and a tack drawer. A
roll of old linen, a bottle of ginger, one
of turpentine, one of camphor and a
packet of court plaster eanverted an-
other pocket into as emergency drug
store. One pocket held the cook books,
and another newspapers and books
to cheer the housewife's spare moments.
The remaining three were left empty.
With scrim curtains hung to the win-
dows, a lot of old castaway rags and
a piece of sacking converted into a. rug
—work which was done at various inter-
vals for diversion more than anything
else—cud a high-backed rocker, this ill -
constructed kitchen was made surpris-
ingly handy and cozy,
HOME-MADE BUNS.
An idea prevails that the manufacture
of real shiny buns is beyond the power
of an amateur but follow these direc-
tions and you will find that such is
not the ease; indeed, you will see that
home-made buns are decidedly super -
lee to those produced by the average
baker.
Take ane pound of flour, place it in
a mixing bowl with a pinch of salt,
and rub into it two ounces of fresh but-
ter ; then add two ounces of candied
orange peel, chopped very fine (if you
like it), a. quarter of a pound of cur-
rants which have been thoroughly wash-
ed in hot water, and a little mixed spice.
Make about three quarters of a pint
eta milk lukewarm; stir in two ounces
of powdered sugar, and when this has
dissolved, pour gradually on to half a
yeast cake wvhioh has been dissolved in
warm water.
Make a hole in the centre of the
flour, &c., pour in the milk and yeast,
and mix with the hand, working the
ingredients well together until a smooth,
soft dough is produced; it should not
be at all stiff or it will fail to rise pro-
perly. Turn the dough on to a flour-
ed pastry board, divide it into sixteen
pieces, and work each one with the
hands into a smooth ball.
Place the buns on a floured baking
sheet, but take care they are not too
close to each other, as they will spread
a little when rising; cover them with a
cloth and place the tin on a shelf or
chair near the stove, but not too near
the fire. The dough should have ris-
en well in about half an hour, when
the buns will be nearly twice their ori-
ginal size ; mark them with the back
of a knife, in the form of a cross, cut-
ting rati er deep, and put them at once
into a good hot oven and bake a light
brown. Just before the buns are ready
to be taken out brush the tops over
with a glaze made by mining a table-
spoonful of powdered sugar with the
white of an egg.
Bath bums do the maker even more
credit than the plain currant buns just
discussed, and if carefully prepared they
will in every way resemble the genu-
ine Bath bun of commerce.
To' 'begin' with: Rub six ounces of
butter Into 'a pound of flour; to which
a pinch of -salt has been added. Have
ready half a. yeast cake nixed to a thin
paste with hike warm water ; stir into
this about, a quarter of a pint of milk,
which is lust . warin, Work up the
flour and, butter with the milk into a
soft dough, as in the foregoing recipe,
and" set the dough to rise in a basin,
covered with a cloth, near the fire for
about'.an hour.
Whrei it -is well risen, add four ounces
of white powdered sugar three well
beaten eggs, . and a little chopped can-
died peel. Work the mixture lightly
with the hand for a few minutes, then
THE EXETER TIMES
drop spoonsfuls of it on to a greased or
floured tin, strew the tops of the buns
with roughly crushed sugar and cara-
way comfits, and set the tin near the
fire for half an hour for the buns to
rise a second time ; then bake in a very
quick oven. Glaze the buns by brush-
ing them with a tablespoonful. of pow-
dered sugar.
The success of the buns provided for
in both the above recipes depends main-
ly upon the use of good yeast, care be-
ing taken that the dough is not made
too stiff, and upon the oven being real-
ly 'hot before tbe buns are put into it.
OTHER PEOPLE'S CONVENCIENCE.
We onght to think of other people's
convenience more than we generally
do. The home is the place where this
thoughtfulness should begin to be cub..
.tivated. One who comes late to break-
fast admits that he is guilty of an
amiable self-indulgence, but forgets
that he has marred the harmonious
flow of the household life and caused
confusion and extra work. How often
an important committee is kept wait-
ing ten minutes for one tardy member,
who comes sauntering in at last, with-
out even an apology for causing per -
Paps fifteen men a lass of time that to
them was very valuable, besides hav-
ing put a sore strain, on their patience
afull of jusood nature.
suelli thoughtlessness, which
causes untold personal inconvenience,
and oft -times hurts the hearts of
friend..
A HANDSOME TABLE COVER.
A handsome table cover recently seen
was of a peculiar greenish brown shade
of felt—an olive brown, perhaps—em-
broidered in a large scroll pattern in
the corners, the pattern joining at each
side and repeated in the center in old
gold colored Asiatic art :ope .silk in out-
line stitch. The shades blended so
beautifully and the soft, beavy silk
made such handsome outline embroid-
ery that we•have scarce seen a prettier
cover. The edge was finished by cut-
ting• a three-inch fringe of the felt,
making the fringe quite fine. At every
alternate slit cut in making the fringe
was added four strands of the art rope
silk, held in place by tong and short
buttonhole stitch of the same, which
made a pretty irregular beading for the
fringe, This suppl rnentary silk fringe
was then divided and tied, forming a
handsome, though not very heavy,
fringe as a netted covering to the felt
fringe beneath.
FINANCIAL CRIMES.
The Record of a :laonttt—I'ecut.iar becninr
eiducetion the ('ause.
The United States where the fever-
ish pursuit of the "almighty dollar"
is pre-eminent, probably leads the
record in financial crimes. The defal-
cations in the great American cities
are frequently of very large amount,
and form a yearly total which ie al-
most staggering. A recent return
shows that the defalcations in one
month reached the astounding total of
5360,000. A large and inoreasing busi-
ness is done by the surety companies
whose business it is to give bonds for
the honesty of clerks and other em-
ployes. It is found that the rata of
crime fluctuates. Sometimes an epi-
demic of finanoial dishonesty appears
to sweep over the country, and at such
times the companies referred to find
it necessary to raise their premiums,
Sometimes therefore it costs more for
a clerk to obtain a guarantee thanat
other times. In the month referred to
—April of the present year—the $960,-
000 of loss was spread over different
classes of employers, and included the
Tfederal Government, which lost $16,-
000 ; varied municipalities, $64,000; ex-.
press companies, $7,000 • banks, $77,000;
fraternal orders, ei1,001 ; and building
and loan associations, $l9,000. This is
a depressing total of crime to con-
template, and it cannot but give rise to
reflections on the necessity of bringing
up the rising generation with very
defniite notions as to honesty. One-"bf
the saddest things about this infor-
mation is that nearly the whole of
these defalcations were committed by
well-educated persons in the ordinary
sense of the word. They were not the
sort of persons who are classed in
police records as illiterate. On the
contrary, most of them held positions
to which they could not have attain-
ed had they not been of superior train-
ing so far as secular things go. But
the record does not say much for the
system of secular education in vogue
in the United States. It rather shows
that secular education does not pro-
duce ordinarily sound morals. It may
be allowed that disgraceful defalca-
tiosn are sometimes committed by per-
sons of • high religious standing who
have posed before their fellows as men
of piety. But these are the exceptions
rather than the rule. It is as true as
the Gospel that a religious education
tends to honesty and a proper regard
to meum and tuum. The records of
financial crime are a standing warn-
ing. They show that a secular educa-
tion will not establish a nation on the
foundation of righteousness and jus-
tice.
A NAME FOR BABY.
The following list of the female char-
acters in Shakespeare's works arrang-
ed alphabetically offers valuable sug-
gestions for the mothers of baby girls:
Adrina, Aemilia, Alice, Anne, An-
dromache, Beatrice, Bianca, Blanch (e?),
Bona, Calpburnia, Cassandra, Celia,
Ceres, Charnaian, Cleopatra, Constance,
Cordelia, Cressida, Desdemona, Diana,
Dionyeza, Dorcas, Eleanor, Elinor, Eliz-
abeth, Emilia, Francisca, Gertrude,
Goneril, Helen, Helena, Hermia, Her-
mione, Hero, Hippolyta, Imogen, Tres,
Iris, Isabel, Isabella, Jacquenetta, Jes-
sica, Joan, Julia, Juliet,June, Kate,
Katharine, Katharine, Lavinia, Lucetta,
Lucinia, Lychorida, Margaret, Margery,
Maria, Mariana, Marina, Miranda, Mop -
se, Nerissa, Octavia, Olivia, Ophelia, Pa-
tience, Pauling, Perdita, Phebe, Phrynia,
Portia, Regan, Rosalind, Rosaline, Sil-
via, Tamora,, Theis!, Timandra, Titania,
Ursula, Valeria; Venus, Viola, Violenta;
Virgilia and Volumnia.
WHAT HE WAS FISHING FOR,,
Was that your mother with you yes-
terday? -
My mother? Dear, dear, that was my
younger sister! 'We should so much like
to have you cons to dinner Sunday,
Mr. Beasley.
AND CAUGHT THEM.
He—You looked charming standing
there on the pier. What were you fish-
ing for ? She—Conipliments.
T Il E FARM.
DAIRY NOTES.
When we consider that the breath-
ing apparatus and the circulatory sys-
tema of the cow is much the same as
that of a human being, we' must coin-
cede that the conditions necessary to
sustain health in the one must also pro-
duce the same result in the other,
namely ; exercise, fresh! air, pure water.
drainage, etc. If the human being re-
quires a certain amount of exercise, un-
limited fresh air, sunshine, etc„, to keep
the body in perfect health, then the
cow, possessing much the same organ-
ism, should be given equal. advantages,
Breathing the impure, confined air of
close stalls for so many hours in suc-
cession is a prime cause of tuberculosis.
It may be urged that plenty of fresh
air and exercise requires an extra al-
iowance of food, as there must be an
extra amount of fuel (food) to keep up
the internal economy, or heat, which
by exercise is thrown off. But the ad-
vantages to bo derived over -balance the
waste of food, especially when we take
into consideration the close connection
that exists between the health of the
cow and that of the consumer of her
products; and while we are precise and
careful in the conditions of the fain-
fly cow, knowing that what is deleter-
ious to her best condition will affect
the quality of her milk, should not a
sense of duty influence keepers of dairy
stock in general to furnish the best
known surroundings and conditions?
It is not enough to lead cows to the
watering trough and back main (al-
though that much exercise is better
than none), or to water them in their
stalls or etancb'ions, as some keepers
do, Unless the day be excessively cold
the dairy stock should be allowed sev-
eral hours of exercise in the fresh air,
and while the " outing" is taken the
whitlows and doors of the stables should
be opened to their widest capacity so
that fresh air may reach every nook
and cranny, presupposing that all re -
fust; matter has been transferred to its
proper place, which should not be di
areetlyway. under the window opening into
Bossy's quarters, but at some distance
The stalls for dairy animals should
occupy the brightest side of the sta-
bles, i.e., the south side. The purest of
water should be furnished, and daily
access to salt. If, owing to a lack of
better provender, it is necessary to use
straw as part of the winter's supply
of coarse food, do not wait until the
other h betteranimals
foodis gone,as
will rarely take to it well iso managed.
The better way is to begin with the
straw when tbe feeding season begins,
and reserve the better provender until
afterward. It is not advisable to use
straw as food if it is possible to obtain
other food; but with a generous supply
of grain, in addition, which, thanks to
a bountiful corn barvest, will be pos-
sible with nearly all, stock may be car-
ried through nicely, but the milk sup-
ply will be diminished. Clover hay well
cured is probably as good feed for the
mile.h cow as any, The only trouble
is in obtaining it this season, owing to
the general failure of grasses. Cornfod-
der will probably bo the standby with
the .majority. and with it for rough-
age, corn -and -cob areal should be fed.
Give the cow achange of diet as often
m • possible. Sino will relish it quite as
as yourself. Give oats, barley,
peas, potatoes, turnips, ' etc. The two
last named should be sliced. Give the
cows a combing or brushing once a
day; provide good bedding and clean
surroundings. AU the care bestowed
upon the cow will be repaid.
WINTER MILK.
"I know I bave got a lot of feed
more than I can use, but I shall not
make much winter milk this season com-
ing. Can't afford to buy any cows at
present prices; milk is low and it won't
pay to fuss with cows this coming win-
ter." So said an old veteran dairyman
to a correspondent the other day, a
man who in the past has made some
winter milk with common cows, hay,
and corn meal, and don't believe that
any of these modern ways pay. -
The reply was: " Won't it pay bet-
ter to milk a cow in the winter if milk
is low, and have this cow pay for her
food, than to eat dear provender four
or five months and get nothing in re-
turn? All that an animal eats when
the object is simply existence, is pret-
ty much food wasted, and why not have
a cow .produce her milk when her food
is the most costly and so much of it
hard labor in the providing 1"
LET US STICK TO THE FARM.
History proves 'that prosperity has
always followed times of great de-
pression, and history will repeat itself.
No matter what comes, let us stick to
the farm. We may work a few years
for nothing, but what matters it so
long as we retain in our possession the
old farm house? We shall not always
remain at the bottom of the wheel. In
time, matters will adjust themselves.
Then lot us have a firmer determina-
tion than ever to know the details of
our business and make the coming year
conpicuous for having made progress
in reducing the cost of production, the
curtailment of unnecessary expenses,
and, , above all, let us never forget that
ours is one of the noblest callings given
to men, and the little spot of ground
we occupy is part of God's green earth,
and let us manfully and hopefully till
and care for it, that these who shall
succeed us may .point with pride to the
work of our hands.
THE MILKING HABIT.
A large flow of milk is not necessar-
ily poor in fat nor is a small flow
necessarily rich. The end to be aimed
at is the net profit. A large flow of
moderately rich milk may yield more
butter and pay better than a small flow
of extra rich milk. Or the exact re-
verse may be the case. So long as the
profits are secured it is but little mat-
ter which road they may come by. The
wise breeder, says a correspondent of the
"Jersey Bulletin," will constantly seek
to increase the richness of his big
milkers, and the milk yield of his rich
milkers.
Keepinig up the flow of milk all the
year round is & sure means of Increas-
ing the profitableness of a eow. This
flow may be stimulated by judicious
feeding, breeding and clean milking,
Succulent foods, such as good pastures
'and silage, tend to •increase the flow of
milk, therefore should be used to fix the
habit in young eow;s. So the young cow
should be kept milking a long time be-
fore breeding the second tune. This
practice tends not only to fix the milk -
mg habit, but to enlarge and develop the
milk -making glands of the udder.
Clean milking, that ie.. removing from
the udder all of the milk at each milk-
ing, tends strongly to stimulate the pro-
duction of more milk, while to leave
milk in the udder is a sure way of dry-
ing up ft cow.
ATTEMPTED MURDER.
A Young Man in iiantillon Tries to Shoot
a Young Lady.
A despatch from Hamilton says:—
Robert
ays:—Robert Trumbull, the young man who
was on Monday night arrested on a
charge of attempting to shoot a lady
friend, came up in the Police Court
next warning, and trite story of the
affair was told by the girl. Her name
is Miss Mildred Bissell, and she is a
good-looking young blonde, with; whom
Trumbull has been keeping company
for some time. He wasted to marry
her, but she was not so anxious about
wedded bliss, and kept putting the mat-
ter off. Monday night he entered the
house of Mrs. T. Evans, with whom
Miss Bissell was stopping, and asked
to see the young' woman. He saw her
in the back parlour, and asked her to''.
go out with' him. She refused, and in
a few minutes was astonishied to see
him pull a revolver from his pocket,
and announce to 'her that she had but
a few minutes to live, and had better
say her prayers. She screamed, the
rest of the people in the house rushed
in, and the revolver was discharged.
The bullet went wide of itis mark, how-
ever, and the police were sent for. Be-
fore the police got there he again lean-
ed over the girl, who had collapsed
in a half -fainting condition in a chair,
and with the words, "I era desperate,
I have forgotten my mother, my home,
and my God," he made another attempt
to shoot. At that moment the police
arrived and arrested 'him. At the re-
quest of Mr. 11. Carseallen, Q.C., Who
is acting for Trumbull, the, case was
laid over till Thursday, and in the
meantime the prisoner remains in gaol,
bail not being allowed.
FARMERS TO GET GOOD PRICES.
Coutntiwsioner Miall Shows How Canadian
Farmers are in Lucke.
A despatch from Ottawa says :—Not
unnaturally the advance in the price
of wheat has attracted some attention
here. Mr. Miall, Commissioner of In-
land Revenue, who, in his capacity as
Commissioner of Standards, has had
oecasion to study the wheat. problem,
says that, according to advices, which
have reaehed the department, there is
a falling off this year in the wheat
Drop in Russia, Argentine, and India.
India is actually imparting wheat to-
day, while Australia has had to look
to California to make up her requisite
stook of wheat for home consump-
tion. Canada also has sent some oadr-,
,goes of wvhieat to the Antipodes. At
the very outside it is not expeoted
that there will be more than 10,000,000
bushels of Manitoba grain available
for export. It is acknowledged that
the combination of Manitoba hard
wheat with the soft wheat of Ontario
makes the very finest flour and there
will undoubtedly be an increase in
price to a. certain extent as the out-
come of the keen rivalry of the Cana-
dian milling companies to seoure the
requisite supply of Manitoba wheat
for home consumption.
ARCTIC DISCOMFORTS.
According to Dr. Nausea Thirst Is the
Leading One.
Dr. Nansen who has just returned
from an arctic journey. says that the
thirst induced by the irksome labor of
sledge -hauling is the severest discom-
fort to -the explorer. Though the po-
lar world is covered with frozen water
there is none for drinking purposes save
that which is thawed, and on the march
it is almost impossible to thaw it. Oth-
er explorers complain bitterly of the
effects of the wind and sun. It is well
known that a very low degree of cold
can be borne without discomfort so long
as the air is still, but the moment it
gets into motion it strikes the skin like
the blast of a furnace.
Its effects have often been described
as precisely similar to those of a burn.
The sun, when it is visible, is hot,and
peels and blisters the skin, making it
infinitely more sensitive to the attack
of the 'wind. Others, again, say that
the warm relaxing damp of, the polar
Summer, with all the diseases that it
brings, is infinitely worse than the in-
tense cold of winter ; but, perhaps, after
all, the greatest evil and misery wvhieh
confront tele polar explorer spring from
the fearful depression, mental and phy-
sical, of the long nights of 2000 and
3000 hours of gloom and semi -darkness.
Under its influence men seem to suf-
fer like plants deprived of sunlight. A
week or so will often completely change
their characters, and the enforced idle-
ness, .universal gloom, and bitter cold
combined, reduce life to its lowest
terms, and make it so miserable that
many have found refuge from it in
insanity or suicide.
WHAT MAKES IRON RUST.
The old idea that iron rusted or oxid-
ated by uniting with the oen of was
ter and setting free the ] og
en is now
sr 7
exploded. In the firer sIztace;'it has been
noticed that iron wig not rust in, dry
air or chemically pure water. Thus,,
for instance, in Arequipa, in Southern
Peru, not only will iron not rust in
the open air, but rusty iron brought
up frLite the coast will become clear
again. It now seems certain that car-
bonic acid is necessary to the rusting
of iron the reaction seeming to be as
follows: First, ferrous carbonate is
formed. This is dissoilved in the slight-
ly acidulated water and beoomes fer-
rous bi-carbonate. This in turn decom-
poses in presence of air into "magnetic
oxide," and this last makes with, the
water, the hydrated ferric -oxide or red-
dish -brown powder which' ,1e known as
iron rust. Eieotricity again, seems to
have something to do with it. If, of.
two metals soldered together, one be el-
ectro-positive to the other, the oxida-
tion or rusting wW1 be slower in the
po iitive and more rapid in the negae
tine:
he
oman's
ectt bicycle
In strength, lightness, grace and elegance
of finish and equipment Model 41 of the
famous . .s . so a .ao
Columbia
has no equal. ' It is made in the largest
and best equipped bicycle factories in
the world, under the most thorough
and carefully maintained system of
tests and inspection, and every detail
of equipment contributes to comfort
and pleasure..ot .0
$110TOALL ALIKE.
Standard of the World.
Columbia Art Catalogue, telling fully of Columbian, and of Hartford Bicycles, trustworthy
machines of lower price, is free from any Columbia agent; by mail for two 2 -cent stamps.
POPE MFG. CO., Hartford, Conn.
We appoint but one selling agent Ina town, and do not sell to Jobbers or middlemen. If Columbian
are not properly represented in your vicinity, let us know.
TEN YEARS TROUBLED
With Liver Complaint and Dyspepsia—Suffered,
Greatly and Found No Relief in the Scores •
of Medici nes Prescribed.
South American Nervine Was Recommended, and Beford
Half a Bottle Was Taken Relief Came.
'Have Since Improved Rapid- y, and Ann Now Completely Cured—.
So Says Mr. David Reid, of (Mosley, Ont.
What 1113 come to humanity from a
disordered liver! Henry Ward Beecher
has said that it was impossible for a
man to hold correet spiritual views if
his liver was out of order. The liver
is so important a part of the mechan-
ism of man that when it ceases to rirork
with ease the whole man is unable to
do his work aright. Can we not appeal
to thousands, nay, tens of thousands,
for a verification of this fact? Cer-
tainly it is, that Mr. David Reid of
,Cheeley, Ont, felt that the enjoyment
tof life had been taken from him,
through the unhealthy condition of his!liver. For ten years he says he was
troubled with liver complaint and dys-
pepsia. Employing his own languages
"At tines my liver was so tender 1
could not bear it pressed or tout.hed
from the outside. Had tried a great
many remedies without any bemeft
Was compelled to drop ray work, and
4012 1,13 worse than visual, 1 declde41 as
final reteort to try South American
I!q'eril'ine, which had been recommended
tome by friends who had been mired
ilgs it. i got a bottle from A. S. t ooe.-
iireia local druestet, and commenced
according to directions. Before
X bid ,94AOS isaf a battle li was able
4p 4f9 4tS Ws . a iia olid I have
� i
dowdy recoaneaand South Americas
Nervine to any suffering from dmpep'.
sia or liver complaint." This is 112Ai
Reid's story as he tells It in his owls
words. Were it thought necessary it
could be corroborated by a host of wits
nesses, Mr. Reid has lived a long timet.
in Cheeley, and his case was known tot
be a very bad one. But that mattes no
difference to Nervine. This • great d1 .
aovery rises equal to the most trying
occasions. Let it be indigestion, the
most chronic liver trouble, as with Mr.
Reid, nervous proa.tratton, that maker
life miserable with so many, alleleheadaches, that sap all the effort cult
of man or woman, Nervine meaqures to •
the necessities of the case. I4 to ai
great medicine and thousands to -d* ' fn,
Canada are happier and healthier age
and women, because of its discovery.
There is no great seoret about it, and
yet there is an important sedret, lit,
operates on the nerve eent a of the
mai
system from which oaate alt' life and
healthfulness, or if disordered, sick,tess.
eves. death. Mervin. Ed -Dikes pi''smp y elf
the nerve centers, hence, as with Mil
Reid, where ten y;ear9' use of other mom
dicines had done no gopd; less ilATI hi
bottle of Nervine brought shout e
eouragiag restate, and ti Qui- dRttU
1Siti0i!'e9 itAaadcan cones Wolk,
cute$.
0.
LUTiti 0016 Wholesale and .Retail Agent for Exeter
Tntas. "4r1Cilt hr't tirwelltotl *Drug Store, A. nit