HomeMy WebLinkAboutExeter Times, 1896-1-2, Page 7T1113
n/CE T E R
TIME
THE SUN -DIAL OF kilAZ,
A SERMON' FULL OF BRIGHTNESS
AND GOOD CHEER.
•••••••••.,
Rev' )1". Talmage Sets Watches and Cloths
Colog for the New Stearin Brightness-
and's Controt or the Dial shadow.
Washingten, Dec. an -And Isaiah,
the prepbet, cried unto the Lord:
and He brought the shadow ten de-
greee baekward. by wince .it lead gone
down in the dial of Ahaz." II. Kings,
20, 11.
- Here is the first clock or watch or
thronometer or time piece of winch the
world bee any knowledge. But it was
a watch that did not tick and a elgelt
that did, not strike. It was a sun dial,
Ahaz, tbe King, invented it. Between
the .hours given to statecraft andthe
' elves of office he invented something
by eithich he could tell the time of day.
The sun -dial may have been a great
column, and when the shadows of that
column reached. one point it was 9 a.m.,
and when it reached another point it
was 3 o'cloelc pen, and all. tee hours
and half bows were so measured. Or
it mita have been a flight a stairs euch
as may taow be found in Hindustan
and. other old cou.ntries, and when the
shadow reached one step it was 3.0
o'clock atme and. likewise other hours
may have been indicated.
Tl e clepsydra er water-cleek follow-
ed the sun -dial, and the sand grass
followed the clepsydra. Then came tbe
cendle-clock of Alfred the Great and
the candle was marked. into three parts,
and while the first part was burning
he gave himself to religionnand wUe
the second pert was burning he gave
himself to polities, and wbUe the third
part was burning he gave himself to
rest. After a, wbile came the wheel
atid weight clocic, and Pope Sylvester
the second was its raost important in-
ventor. And the skill of centuries of
exquisite mechanism toiled at the time-
pieces MAU the world had tbe Viors
clock of the fourteenth century and
liuyghens, the inventor, swung the
first pendulum, and Dr. Book contrived
the rec.oil esc,apement. And the "end-
less chain" followed, and the "rachet
and pinion lever' took its placAt; and
the compensation balance and the stem
winder followed, and now we bave the
buzz and elang of the great dock and
watch factories of Switzerland. and
Germany and England. and America,
turning out what seems to be the per-
fection of time-pieees, It took the
world six thousand years to make the
preeent cbronometer. So with the
the palace noticed the same Thettome-1 All" retreat ten flgrees* Fe°1"e make THE SUNDAY SCIIOOL
eon. And if you do not like Bib e autlaor- themselves old, by aiwaye talkine
ItY, tern over your oo of Heredotus about being old and wishing for the
NTERNATIONAL LESSON JAN. 5 '96-
the Forerunner of Christ," Mere I, 5-11,.
Co id en lext.-Inlre i,le.
GENERAL STATEMENT.
The first four verses of nuke's gospel.
are a formal dedication of the little
book to " the most, excellent Theophin
us," about which person meth has been
guessed, for nothing is known, The
phrase "most excellent," however, seems
to -have been a title of high rank. Who-
ever has read this gospel in the Greek
bee been startled by the sudden thane
of style at the end. oe the fourth verse.
The introductory sentences are classic,
ie the ohoice of words, and are balanced
almost with rythmical accuraey. Bet
with the pessage wbicli begins our
lesson the etyle (Menges, and while the
words are still Greek the imagery is
Hebrew. Students who know no Greek,
but have some kaowledge of the naas-
terpieees in English, cam get effects
somewhat similar by imagining art his-
toric pamphlet begun in the most form-
al. and bighly polished style of Addison,
and abeuptly thanging to rugged. sen-
tences such as Carlyle wrote in Past
and Present and The French Revolu-
tion. So marked are the Hebraistic
traits of passage beginning with chapter
1. 5 and ending at ohapter 2. 52, and so
different from the rest of the book, that
O theory has arisen (now very widely
adopted by Christian scholars) that
Luke received the story of the Meares:
tion direot from tbe Virgin Mether. It
is; surely, to the story of these three
theaters Luke alludes when he asserts
(verse 3) that he had. "perfect under-
standing of all things from the very
first." To understant the event we
are about to study, we shiould recall
how, four hundred years or so before,
thi
Mala(the last of a long line of He-
brew prophets) had promised in mystic-
al lairguage that Elijah should reappear
and =bee in the elassiab. Other pro-
phetic utterances and popular legends
bad been woven together until it had
become the confident expectation of the
common people that the fiery old pro-
phet a righteousness in Abab's clay
would in literal truth come again. But
four hundred years is a long time to
wait, and with hope deferred the He-
brews' heart grew sick. At length, in
the early autumn of the year whieh 18
now known as B.C. 6, an angel announc-
ed the birth of one who, bearing quite
another name, and with a personality
all his own, would nevertheless, " m
the spirit and power of Elijah," fulfil
Malaohi's prophecy. Great in the sight
of the Lord was this new prophet to be.
Of holy character from infancy, he was
to turn many of his nation to a genuine
service of God, and. prepare the people
for the camine of the .Lord.
EXPLA.NATOR.Y NOTES.
and find that away oFf in Egypt the
people noticed that there was some-
thing the matter with the sun? The
fact is, that tile whole universe waits
utton God, and suns, and meths and
stars are not very big thing s to Him,
and He can with His finger tarn back
an entire world. as easily as you would
set back the aour-hand or rainute-
hand, of your clock or watch.
goacl o34 dys, From ,t earl hear
tee grandthildren are eot bell as bad
as the grandparents were. Matters
have been linehed up, but if you have
ever beee in a Tom adjoining a room
where some very old people a little
deaf were tannin over old, times Yon
will find that this age aoth Ma mono-
polize all the yotmg rascals, It may
now be bard, to get young people un
early enougli in the morning, but their
grancipareets lead always to be pulled
out of bed. It is wrome now to play
mischievous tricks on the =suspect-
ing, but eighty years ago at school
that now venerable man sat down on a,
crooked pin, not aecidentally put there,
and purposely drove the sleigh -riding
party too near the edge of the em-
bankment teat he might see how they
would look when tumbled into the
snow. And tbat man who Las so little
patience with childish exuberance was
In olden thee.s up to pranks, oneelealf
of which, if practised by tbe eight-
year-old of to -day, would set grand-
father and grandmother crazy, Revive
your reenembra,nc,e, or what you were
between nee and ten years of age,
and with ptnence capable of every-
thing join with the young. Put bath
the shadows of the dia,l not ten degrees,
but fifty and sixty and seventy de-
grees. '
Let me say to thote in the afternoon
of life -Don't be .put off the beefless;
when God wants it off, He will take it
off. Doe't be frightened ont of life by
the grip as many are. At the first
sneeze of an influenza many give up all
as lost. No new terror has come on the
earth. The microbes as the came of
disease were described in the Talmud
se,venteen hundred years ago, as invi-
sible legions of dangerous ones." Don't
be scared out of life by all this talk
ebout heart failure, That trouble Las
altenvs been in the world. That is what
all the people that beve passed out of
this life have died et -heart failure.
Adam heel it mid all his descendants
have bad it or will ba,ve it, Do not be
watching for symptoms of everything
Some of you will die of syraptoms.
Symptoms are often only :what we
sometimes see in the country, a dead
owl nailed. on a barn door to save liv-
leg owls. Put your trust ie. God, go to
bed at ten o'clock, heve the window
open six inches to let in fresh air,
sleep on your eight side and fear noth-
ing. Tile maxim was right:
"Get thy spindle and. distaff ready,
and God will send thee flax."
But while looking at the sun -dial of
Ahaz, mat see the shadow of it move,
I notioe that it went back towards the
sun -rise instead of forward towards
the sunset -towards the morning in-
stead of towards the night That thing
the world is willing now to do, and. in
many cases has done. There have a
great many things been written and
spoken about the sunset of life. I have
said some of them myself. But my telt
suggests a better idea,. The Lord who
turned beck that day frosa going to-
wards sundown and started it towards
sunrise is willing to do the same thing
for all of us. The theologians who
stick to the old religious technicalities
until they become soporifics would not
call it anything but conversation. I call
it a. cbange from going towards sun-
down to going towards aunrise. The
man who never tries to unbuokle the
clasp of evil habits and who keeps all
the sies of the past and the present
frightening him and ignores the one
redemption made by the only One who
could redeem, if that man could ex-
amine the sue -dial he will find that
the shadow is going forward and he is
on the way to sande-wee His day is on
sand glasses that empty themselves,
the road to night. All the watches that
tick, all the clocks that strike, all the
shadows that move on all the
sun -dials indicate the approach of
darkness. But now, in answer to pray-
er, as in my text the change was in
answer to prayer, the pardonmet Lord.
reverses things and the man starts to -
wands sunrise instead of sunset. Ile
turns tbe other way. The Captain of
Salvation gives him the military com-
mand, "Attention! Right about face 1"
He was marching towards indifference,
marching towards hardness of heart,
rowelling towards prayerlessness,
marching towards sin, marching to-
wards gloom, marching towards death.
Now he turns and marches towards
peace, marcbes towards light and
marches towards comfort and marches
towards high hope anammehes towards
atriumph stupendous and everlasting,
towards hosannas that ever hoist and
hallelujahs that ever roll. Now, if that
is not the turning of the shadow on
the dial of Ahaz from going towards
sundown to going towards sunrise,
What is it?
I have seen the day break over Mount
Blanc and the Matterhorn, over the
heights of Lebanon, over Mount Wash-
ington, over the Sierra Nevadas, and.
mict-Atlantic, the morning after a 'de-
parted storm when the billows were
liquid Alps and liquid Sierra Nevadas,
but the sunrise of the soul is more ef-
fulgent and more transporting. It
bathes all the sights of the soul and
illuminates all the depths of the soul,
and wheiras all the faculties, all the
aspirations, all the ambitions, all the
hopes with a light that sickness can-
not efface or death extinguish, or etern-
ity, or anything but augraent apd
inagnifY. I preach the sunrise. As
I look at that retrograde movement of
the shadow on Abez's clial, I remem-
ber that it was a sign that Hezekiah
was going to , get well. So I have to
tell all you who are by the Grace of
God having your day turned from de-
cline toward. mght tit ascend. toward
morning, that you aregoing to get
well, well of all your sins, well of all
your sorrows, well of all your erthly
disteesses Sunrise
• At the opening of a new year pea
ple are moralizing on the flight' of tune.
You all feel teat you are moving on
towards a sundown and many of you
are under a consequent depression. I
propose this morning to set the hands
on your watottes and clocks to going
the other way. I propose to sbow you
how you may make the thadow of your
dial like the shadow on the dial. of
Ahaz, to stop going forward and make
it go backward. 'You think I have a
big undertaking on band, but it can
be done if the same Lord who zeversed
the shadow to Hezeltiah's courtyard
moves upon us. While looking at tbe
sun -dial of Hezekiah and we find the
shadow retreating we ought to learn
that God controls the shadows. We are
all ready to acknowledge His manage-
ment of the sunshine. We stand. 111
the glow of a bright morning and we
say in our feelings, if not with so
many words, "This life is from God,
this warmth Ls from God." Or we have
O rush of prosperity and we say,
"These successes a= from God. What
O providential thing it was I bought
that lot just before the rise of real
estate! How grateful' to God a am
teat a made that ievestment 1 Whe,
they have declared ten per cent. diva
dendl What a mercy it was that I sold
out ray shares before that collapse!"
01a, yes; we ackaawledge God in the
sunshine of a bright day or the faun -
slain° of a. great prosperity. But sup -
peso the day is dark? You have to
fight the gas at noon. The sun does. not
show himself all day long. There is
nothing but shadow, How slow we are
to realize that tbe storm is from God.
and the darkness from God and the
chill from God. Or, we buy the day
before the market's retreat; or we make
art investment that never pays; or we
purchase goods that we cannot dispose
of; or a. crop of grain we sowed. is rum -
ed by draught or freshet ; or when we
took account of stock on the first of
January we found, ourselves thousands
of dalla,rs worse off than we expect 1cl,
Who under suoh circumstances sae's,
"This loss is from God, 3. must have
been allowed to go into that unfor-
tunate enterprise for some .good rea-
son; God controls the east wind as well
as the west windl"
My friends, I cannot look for one
moment on that retrograde shadow on
Allan's dial without learning that God.
controls tbe. shadows and that lesson
we need all to learn. That He controls
the sunshine is not so necessary a les-
son, for anybody can be happy when
things go right. When you ,sleep eight
hours a night and rise with an appe-
tite that cannot easily wait for break-
fast and you go over to the store and
open your mail to open more orders
than you can 1i11, and in the next let-
ter you find a dividend far larger than
you have been promised and your
neighbor comes in to tell you some
flattering thing he has just heard said
about you, and you find that all the
st •
Measurement of longer spaees than
Minutes and lours. Time was calcu-
lated from new moon to new moon;
then from harvest to harvest. Then
the ye= was pronomiced to be three
• mired and fifty-four days, and then
iv hundred and sixty days, and, not
until a long while after, three hundred
and sixty-five days. Then events were
calculatedfrom the _foundation of
• Rome, afterward from the Olampie
games. Then the Babylonians had
their measurerae.nt of the year and the
Romans theirs and the Armenians
theirs and the Hindoas. theirs. Chrono-
logy was busy for centuries studying
raonuments, inscriptions, coins, mum -
eines and astronomy, trying th lay a
Olen by which all questions of dates
tnight be settled and events pet in
their right place in the procession of
the ages. But the chronologists only
heaped up .a mountain of confusion and
bewilderment, Until the sixth century
Dionyeaus Exiguns, a Roman abbot,
said, 'Let everything date from the
birth of Bethlehem of the Lord Jesus
Christ, the Saviour of the world." The
abbot proposed to have things dated
backward and forward from that great
event. What a splendid thought for
the world! It would have been most
natural to date everything from. the
creation of the world. But I am glad
the chronologists could not so easily
guess how old the world was in order
to get the nations in the habit of dat-
mg from that occurrence in its docu-
ments and histories. Forever fixed is
R that aU history is to be dated with
refereace to the birth of Christ, and,
this matter 'settled, Hales, the chief
chronologist, declared that the world
was made five thousand four hundred
and eleven years before Christ, andthe
deluge came three thousand one hun-
dred and fifty-five years before Christ,
and all the illustrious events of the
last nineteen centuries and, all the
great events of all time to come have
been or shall be dated from the birth
of Christ. These things I say that you
may know what a watch is, what a
clock is, what en almanac is, and learn
to appreciate through what toils and
hardships and what perplexities the
world, came to its present conveniences
and comforts, and to help you to more
respectful consideration of the sun-
dial of Ahaz planted in my text.
We are told that Hezekiah, the king,
' was dying of a boil. It must have
• 'been one of the, worst kind of car-
buncles, a boil without any 'central
sore, and sorctetimes deathful. A fig
• was put upon it as a poultice. Heze-
kiali did not want to die then. His son
who was to take the kingdom had not
yet been born, and Hezekiah' s death
would have been the death of the pe-
tiole. So he prays for recovery, and
is told. he will get well. But he wants
some miraculous sign to make sure of
it. He has the choice of having the
shadow on the sundiel of Ahaz advance
or retreat. He replied it would not
be so wonderful to have the sun go
down, for it always does go down
sooner or later. He asks that it go
beckward. In other words, let the day
instead of going on toward. sundown,
turn and go toward sunrise. I see the
invalid king, bolstered up and wrapped
in blankets, looking out of the window
W Ile he watches the shadow on the
ease the sun -dial in the courtyard,
di the shadow begins to retreat. In-
stead of going on toward 6 o'clock in
the evening it goes back toward 6
okilock in the morning. The fig poul-
tice had been drawing , for some time,
and, sure enough, the boil broke, and
Hezekiah got well. Now I expect you
will come on with your higher critidsm
and try to explain this away and say
it was an optional delusion of Hem-
kiati, and the shadow only seemed to
go back, or a cloed tame °ter, mid it
was uncertain which way the shadow
did go, and as Hezekiah expected it to
go baek he took the action of his own
les a goods hi wbich you deal have
aclvauced fifteen per cent. in value,
and on your way home you meet your
children in full romp, and. there are
roses of health in cheeks all round the
table, what more do you. want of con-
solation? I don't pity you a bit. You
feel as if you could boss the world.
But for those in just opposite circum-
stances my text comes in with an om-
nipotence of meaning. The shadow 1
Oh, the shadow! Shadow of bereave-
ment! Shadow of sickness! Shadow of
benkruptoy 1 Shadow of mental depres-
sionl Shadow of persecution 1 Shadow
of death I Speak ou.t. 0, sun -dial of
Ahaz, and tell all the people that God
manages the shadow 1 .As Hezekiah sat
in his palace window wrapped in in-
validism and surrounded by anondynes
and .cataplasms and looked out upon
the black hand of the only clock
known at that time and saw it move
back ten degrees, he learned. a lesson
that a majority of the human race
need this hour to learn -that the best
friend a man ever had controls the
shadow,. The set -backs are sometimes
the best things that can happen. The
great German author Schiller could
not work unless he had lin his room
the scent of rotten apples, and. the de-
cay of the fruits of earthly ii'rosperity
may become an inspiration instead of
a depression. Robert Chambers' lame
feet shut him up from other work, and
ID became the world-renowned pub-
lisher, and helped fashion the best
literature of the age. The painful dis-
order like that of Ezekiah called a car-
buncle is spelled exactly the same as
the preeious stone called. the carbuncle,
and the pang of suffering may become
the jewel. of immortal value. Your set-
back like that of Abaza's sun -dial
may be recovery and triumph. I never
had a set -back but it turned out to be
O set -forward. You never would have
become Christian if you had not had
O set -back. The highest thrones in
heaven are for the set -backs. In 1861
the dhadow of the sun -dial of this na-
tion was set back, and all things seem-
ed going to ruin, and. it was set back
further in 1862, and further in 1863
and still further in 18'65, but there is
d
not an intelligent anwell-balanced
man, North or South, East or West
but feels it was set back towards- the
sun -rise.
But I promised to show you how the
shadows might be turn,ed 'back. First
by going much among the wing peo-
ple. In most family cireles there are
grandchildren. By this divine ar-
rangement most of the people who are
passed the meridian of life can cora-
pas,e theanselees by juvenility. is a
bad thing foe an old. man or old wo-
man to sit looking at the vivactiy of
their grand -children shouting "Stop
that racket!" Better join the fun. Let
the, eighty -years -old grandfather join
the eight -years -young grandson or
granddaughter. Myfather and mother
lived to see over eighty children and
grandchildren and great-grandchildren
and anion boisterous crew were never
turned but of this sublunary sphere,
and they -all seemed to cry to the old
folks, "keep young," and they did
keep young. Don't walk with a cane
unless you have to, or only as defence
ID a city afflicted with too many can-
ines,. Don't wear glasses stronger than
necessary, putting on nunaber tens
when eighteens will do as well. Don't
go into the company of those who are
always talking a,bout rheumatism and
lumbago and shortness of breath and
the brevity of human life. It 18 too
much for my gravity to hear an oeto-
genaeian talking about the shortness
of human life. Prom all I can find out
ID has always been here, and from
present prospects he is always going
to stay. Itememyoung. Hang up your
stockings in Christmas time. Help the
boys fly the kite. Teach the girls how
to dress their dolls. Better than &Enka
mind for the retrograde movenient, for your stiff joints ezed catnip tea for
No; the shadow weal back on all the your sleepless nights, will be a large
dials of that land and other lands. dose of youthful companionship.
Turn to Li, Cheort„ 32, 31, and find that , Set, baek the clock of human life.
away off in Babylon the mighty men of Make the shadow of the sun -dial of
The Sabbath,
With silentetwe I hail the sacred morn,
Which slowly wakes while all the
fields are still,
A soothing calm on every breeze is
borne; -
A graver moinent gurgles from tbe
rill; •
And echo answers softer from the hill,
And softer sings the linnet from the
thorn,
The skylark warbles in a tone less
shnxlL'
Hall! light serene; hail! sacred Sab-
bath znorn.
The rooks float silent by in airy
droves;
The sun a placid yellow luster shone;
The gales, that lately sighed along
the groves,
Have hushed' their downy wings in
sweet repose.
The hovering rack of clouds forgets
to move.
So smiled the day
When the first morn arose.
What Antl-Toxine Does. •
Anti-toxine shortens the time need-
ed fer the retention of the tube in the
larynx in metes of croup and diphtheria,
according to Dr. Bokal, of Budapest.
In 215 successful cases where he used a
tube without a a -toxin° the average
period of entube ion was 79 hours, wbile
1 the average duration of 45 successful
cases with antatoxine was 61 hours be-
ing a reductien of 18 hours.
the zreerzst and UPpermost of the ter- FAIJfl 1ADI
r
races. The whole mclosure measured
about thirty-five adres. Aroueci the
edges were a series of chambers, One °
whiela was given to eacia priest as his
lodging plate during the week wheu he
did duty in the temple. Approaehing;
the central shrine from these cloisters,
the priest whose "lot was to burn in-
cense" would first pass through the
court of foreigners; then, mouneiris
some steps, that of the women ; then,
O few step,s eigber, the court of the
priests ; and, finally, the sanctuary
10, The whole multitude of the peo-
ple were praying without at the time
of incense. 1. As the implicatioa is that
the worshippers were many, this was
probably on the Sa,bbath, 2. Their pra -
ers were ilent. 3, lite prayer wit -
out gave value to the incense within.
4. There was a. special "time of incense ;"
regular morning and evening hours of
prayer. 5. "When the priests stood by
the incense altar," to quote Dr. Geikie,
"the prayers offered in the temple
courts were repeated all over the lend,
and in every region, however distant,
to whith a godly Jew had wandered."
11. A.n angel of the Lord. When
Jesus was to cone angels were sent
to Zacharias, to the shepberds, to Mary,
and to Joseph. It was appropriate that
the advent a the Son of God should
be heralded by miracles. On the right
side of the altar of incense. This wield
be regarded by the Jew as a good omen:
12. Fear fell upon laina. It seeras
strange that tbis good man, wbo kept
a calm mind under Herod's bad rule,
should- be troubled when an angel
mune; but terror of the supernatural
is ereversel.
13. Fear not. This is what God and
God's angels always say, It is God's
constant response to the fears of men.
lily. prayer is heard. Possibly a
special prayer for a son; possibly a spe-
cial prayer for the comusg of the
; possibly a vague and broader
prayer for the beloved. nation* But
whatever the elements of the prayer
in form it was comprehensive ID spirt,
and God's answer was, as God's answers
always are, bigger than the prayer.
14. Thou. shalt have joy and .glad -
fleas. "One, the inward. experience;
the other, the outward expression." -
Abbott. All the hopes of Zacharias
were to be moreethan fulfilled. Many
saall rejoice. So great a blessing would,
be this boy's career. All good lives are
sources of liapeine,ss to the world; but
out attention is not often turned to
the thorough and sweeping reformation
'wrought by John, It is doubtful whe-
ministry could have last.ed even three
years.
ministry could have lasted three years.
15. Great in the sight of the Lord.
As well as by human measurement. It
is the unique eharacteristm of Jewish
history that the national heroes were
first of all great in God's sight, after-
ward recognized as great by the people.
Shall drink neither wine nor strong
drink. This might be translated,
"Neither wine nor palm wine." It is
the sweeping abstinence which was en-
joined upon those who had the high
and holy call of the Nazarite. It is an
interestmg fact that in the heart of
this nation chosen by God there were
certain special consecrated ones like
Samson and Samuel and John, not all
of them faithful In every detail of life,
but all of them given over by an abso-
lute consecration le God's word. Read
the law of the Naearite (Num. 6. 2-21).
Even so great and good a man as John
the Baptist would have been unfit for
his mission if he had drank intoxicat-
ing liquors, and the worst intoxicants
they had in those days were light and
harmless eompared with our modern
distilled. liquor. Filled with tbe holy
Ghost, even from his mother's womb.
Notice a similar contrast in Eph. 5. 18
and in Acts 2. 13. From his earliest
boyhood. he was to show tokens of his
fitness for his life work.
la, Many of the children of Israel
sball he turn to the Lord. their God.
The profligate life of Greece and Rome
had been introduced into the Holy nand
by its conquerors, and Syria was al-
ways a hotbed of vice and. sensuality.
"The work of John," says Alford, "was
a. concentration of the spirit of the
law."
17. Notice the revised version of this
verse, which is far better. Shall go
before him. Like the c,otuier of a king.
ID the spirit and power of Elias. The
Jews would have it that Elijah would
really return to earth, and. even the
apostles were not quite satisfied with
John (see Matt. 11. 14; 17. 10-14). The
resemblance was more in character than
ID external aspect. To turn the hearts
of the fathers to the children. The
meaning is probably, as Alford suggests,
that John was th restore to the people
of the day the devout disposition of their
fathers. The wisdom of the just. The
spiritual prudence which recognizes the
thes which follows =righteousness. To
make ready a people prepared for the
Lord. The people were not ready yet
ttoberaneeeive the blessings that awaited
Verse 5. 'In the days et Herod. Her-
od the Great. Carefully distinguish
hira from the five other Herods men-
tioned in the New Testament. Three
-of these were his sons: (1) Herod the
tetrarch (Antipas), before whom Salome
danced, who slew John the Baptist, a.nd
before whom 'Jesus was brought as a
criminal; (e) 'this brother Philip" (Her-
od Philip I), whose wife, Herodias, de-
serted him to live with Herod Antipas;
(3) "Philip the tetrarch" (Herod Phil-
ip II), who built • Caesarea Philippi.
"Herod the king" (Herod Agrippa I),
who killed James, imprisoned Peter, and
was smitten by the angel of the Lord,
was the grandson of Herod the Great;
while "King Agrippa" (Herod. Agrippa
It), who said to Paul, ' Almost thou
persuadest me to be a Christian," was
his great-grandson. King of Judea.
The Roman senate had made Herod.
kieg over wlaat is now known as the
Holy Land. He was an Iduraean (Ed-
omite), but Idumea had long before this
been closely connected with Judea, and
its eitizens bad adopted the Hebrew re-
ligion. Beginning his public life a
courageous, vigorous and resourceful
young soldier, he ended it a monster of
cruelty. The events of our lesson came
near the end of his 111e. The fact that
he died early in the year that we now
/mow as B.C. 4, was of service to modern
scholars in their efforts to give probable
date to the birth of Jesus. Zaeharias
means "Jehovah -remembers." Hebrews
made names for their ehildren by press-
ing two or three words into one. Such
names were meant to be descriptive a
the child, and where they failed of this
they were in, later life tsupplemented
by more characteristic surnames. The
course of Able; All descendants of
Aaron were by bean priests; but so
many were there that all could not
find constant service in the temple. As
far back as David's time they had been
arranged in "courses" to take turns
in the holy service, end the members of
each "course" were detailed by lot each
ID his special duty. Daughters of Aaron.
Jewish priests were at liberty to marry
outside of their tribe, but John was of
priestly desthnt by both parents. This
gave him a rank m sooiety which was
highly: est eeihed. Elisabeth means
"God -is -my -oath."
6 Righteous before God, Scrueulous
in obeying the details of the Mosaic law
from the holiest of motives; at once
spiritual and ritualistic. Walking in all
the commandments and ordinances of
the Lord blameless. It is said that
there were six hundred and thirteen
of these "commandments and ordin-
ances." This pious couple neglected no
• requirement.
7. They had no child. There has al-
ways been in the Orient, and is to -day,
a yearning for ohildren and a delight
in childhood intenser in degree and dif-
ferent in kind from anything preval-
ent in Christendom. This quite aside
of the special Ifebrevr hopes of a Mes-
siah.
8, 9. It se irappened that while Zach-
arias served as ,priestein the temple
(during the official term of his family,
according to the custona then in vogue
of having the priestly families serve
successively by turn) he was chosen to
offer inceese m the holy place. His
lot was to burn incense. Better, "he
obtained by, lot the duty a entering
and offering- incense." This was the
most covethd of all priestly: duties, and
the chances of .getting it were, so few
tbaii probably in that age, ot the He-
brew Church no priest ever twice en-
tered the holy place. • Three lots were
oast each day: one to select the man
who should cleanse the altar andpre-
pare its fires, ene to choose the man
who should. offer eacrifiee and cleanse
the candlestick and. offer thcenee, and
one to choose the officiating priest. The
temple of the Lord was, in the widest
sense, a series of rectangular courts in-
side each other, each elevated on a ter-
race above the court which inclosed it.
All were open to the air and divided
from each other by cerven oolonnacles,
while the temple peeper, a magnificent
gold tied marble shrine, • towered over
t:
•••=1.01,
WHAT IS 001N0 ON IN THE FOUR
CORNERS OF THE GLOBE.
Oki and New World Events of Interest Chron.
tcled Brlefly--InterestIng Happenings 01
Recent Date. '
Seven naval expeditions are to be
sent out by France to different parts
Of the world in order to obtain accurate
observations for the Bureau. de Longi-
tudes,,as fa,r as possible simultaneously.
The methods of observation will be
strictly uniform. ,
At Chassenon, in the department of
the Charente, noted. far its brandy, a
statue of a Genic god has been found
ID an old well believed to have been fill-
ed up in the time of the invasions of the
barbarians. at is two feet high, squat-
ting like a. Hindoo Buddha, and has the
collar of the Gaels around its r*eck.
FIRE BALLS LIGHTED THE SHIP.
:asking Repairs by the Lialit Furnished by
a Phenomenal Electric Storm.
One of the most remarkable electrical
storms at sea, evhioh probably seemed
intensified by. reason of the fad that
O oargo of Spanish iron ore passed
through it, was experienced by the
British steamshie Mercedes, which ar-
rived at Philadelphia the other clay from
Bilbao. On. the Grand Banks of New-
foundland during the nights of Dec.
3 and 4 the ocean appeared like a
mighty mass of flames or an endless
stretch of prairie fires. Balls of elec-
rections and darted among the vessel's
mramstfis.reanbdissreigaginangd. exploded. in all di -
The Mercedes's escape from going
down on Dee. 1 seemed little short of
a miracle. She was struck by a south-
southweg gale, which was accompp,nied
by seas roiling fearfully high, During
the height of the storm a huge deck
derriok, weighing many tons, was torn
loose from its fastenings and swept
overboard, leavine a hoe: in the vessel's
• deck through which the water ran into
the eargo. In its course it carried away
the main topmast, whith was also of
iron; part of the flying bridge, the
after winch, and part of the deck fit-
tings. • The decks were flooded with
tons of water, the ship rolled at an
• angle of seventy degrees, and the sea
broke in all directions, filling the.cabi33
• and the officera' quarters.m
Soon afterward the storpartially sub-
sided, when the eleetrical fire appeared
in all directions. It hung in big balls
for two nights from the masts and fore
and aft stays, and practically, turned
night into day. As the big fire balls
came together they would burst with
a loud report upon the vessel and dis-
appear. finder this light at night such
temporary repairs were made as were
deemed necessary to reach port.
Capt. Tait of the Mercedes stated that
the pessage was one of the most trying
experiences of hie life. •The rollingraid
krona's' of tae eessel in the storm and
tbe fury ot the gales were -terrific in
the vichlity.of 25 degrees longitude. On-
ly the heroic. work of the officers and
crew saved. the -vessel.
It is likely that Great Britain bas
a larger population then France for the
first time in history. At the last cen-
sus, in 1891, the United. Kingdom bad
37,797,000 inhabitants, against 38,343,-
000 for France, and since tithe the deaths
have regularly outnumbered the births
tinheFelsenceln, wEliiiiglleantha.eopposite has bem
Guy de Maupassant's mother, to
whom he left 10,000 francs a year by
his will, recently applied to have her
eon's will set aside on the ground of
meatal theepacity, as she wthed have re-
ceived much more if he had died intes-
tate, As the wUl was made long be-
fore the novelist broke down, however,
she lost her case.
Portable incandescent lights, such
as are used in ballets, have been select, -
ed. in France, after experimental trials,
as being the most practical lights for
use on battlefields in searching for the
dead and wounded. It is thought that
they will also make a useful distinguish-
ing mark for surgeons and Sisters of
Charity, if worn in the middle of the
Geneva Cross badge.
Mr. George Frederick Watts. IL A.,
has just presented. to the National
Portrait Gallery fifteen portraits and
two drawings of eminent Englisbxnen,
mede by himself. Among the por-
traits are those of Tennyson, Brownmge
Matthew Arnold, Carlyle, John Stuart
Mill, Cardinal Manning, Lord. Shaftes-
bury, and Lord Sherbrooke, whleh
were exhibited in New Yorke few years
ago at the Metropolitan Museum.
A. farm laborer died recently at Ly -
=tester, near Arundel, whose wages
while he could. work were $3.60 a week,
as he never rose above a working bailiff
and cowman. He was able to work till
he was 73, when he had. saved no less
than $1,000. On this he managed. to
live for twelve years longer, with a lit-
tle help from his former employer;
then, as he outlived. his savings, he had
ID be relieved by the Poor -law officials,
dying a pauper at 87.
Berlin is disappointed. From the
police reports it had expected a popula-
tion of close on 1,800,000, but the census
lately taken shows only 1,874,112. This
means an increase of only 6 per cent.
Lor the last five years, when the eicrease
between 1890 was 20 per cent., and that
between 1880 and 1885 was 16 per cent.
The explanation given is that people
prefer to live in Cha.rlottenburg and
°titer suburbs that have not yet been
annexed, coming into town for their
business.
Pope Leo's niece has just become re-
conciled to her husband. She married
Count Salimci, an offioer of the Papal
Guard, five years ago, but they quarrel-
led on the return from the wedding
tour and seperated. A child was born
whom its father never saw till recently
it fell dangerously ill, when be was
summoned and at once made up the
quarrel. The Counthas been sent to
Spain in charge of the beretta for the
Archbishop of Valladolid, who is one of
the new Cardinels.
Shakespeare's "Coroedy of Errors"
was recently acted by the Elizabethan
Stage Society in the hall of Grey's Inn,
ID London, where it was produced for
the first time three centunes ago. The
performance was given as nearly as pbs-
sible as it was in Queen Elizabeth's,
with no scenery, on the floor of the
upper part of the hall. Old songs and
pieces for lute, viol, and virginals were
played at the supper.During the play
the guests sat in their appointed places
at the table as was done in 1594.
A queer story is told of the Report
of the Challenger Expedition for deep
sea exploration, the lest volume of
which hasjust been published.. A ves-
sel conveying a large quantity of the
•sheets of the report from Leith, where
they were printed, to London, was run
into and sunk. The sheets were fished
out, but when recovered were little more
than pulp. They were put up at auc-
tion and bought by the Government de-
partment in charge of the publication.
They were then carefully dried and re-
tored to a condition that made it possible
to bind them up .with the rest of the
reifunny
attempt at murder was made
in a French railway carriage. One of
the engineers 011 the Paris -Lyons line
was sleeping in the corner of a first-
cla.ss compartment, when a poorly -
dressed man who had entered the car-
riagewoke him up by hitting him on the
heed with tlie foot warmer used to heat
the car. The woollen muffler wrapped
around his ears and the unwieldbtess of
the hundred -pound hot-water can saved.
the engineer from serious harm. He at
once cried out: "Unfortunate man,
what are you doing! You mistake me
for an English milord and I am only a
railway servant." His assailant at once
stopped., burst into tears, begged him to
forgive him, and helped. wipe the blood
from his face, but was banded over to
the police when the train reached. Paris.
HUMAN MONSTROSOX
Wonderful Mil*"
Shows. hitt Witteli Never Were Pwitits
Many of those malformen human her
ewe which we call "freaks" have neVei
been on exhibition, have never even bee4
heard of by the vast majority or readesele"
Sdeh a curiosity was discovered in
in Vielma, Austria, in the person of a
girl who, althougla then seventeen years,
old, has remained an infant be everee,
respect, except as to her age. Her head
s hardlybig a s; fttrhile her 10g5
fuiosorthebdy
The miserable behig often eleens tt-v
forty-eight hours without interruptiou.
During her wakirzg hours her sole emu-
pation maisists in putting out her tongue
and feebly moving her aands and feot
ID and fro, She still occupies the WM,
cradle into which she Was laid at her
birth. The doctors emielder her a pile.
nonaenal specimen of microcephalus or
"smaLl head,"
and
dd paregedt. et
that she Will
liv ID averyo
A few years ago a tourist pass.
through .Piedraont happened to see a gliri
about nfteen years old, f fine figure,.
but with a head whose ..senalalaaloe to
A HOUND'S 1BAD
was unmistakable. It is said, that antil
her tenth yam' this thild habituellY
went on all -fours. Her Uttar az
mother had been the handsomest pe...sr
far and wide. .Altheugb in re,duted cits
ourestances, the. mother had steadfestlY
refused. most tempting offers to place
her offspring on exhibition.
If the delicacy shown by this Piedmont
mother were common m suck eases, the
ancient .Itomans would. eardly have
maintained especial market for the sale
and purchase of human curios. But
cupidity being no respecter of itaiefor-
t that
n any
market brought tLsre three freaks not
equalled since -a man; the top of whose
head. levered to a point, and who aad
three eyes; a boy weighing fifteen „
pounds and possessing what the his-
torian is pleased to call "a voice of
-thunder" and in the days of Nero a
child with four heads.
,e. lady with a horse's head. resided at
Vienna. during the early part of theten-
tury. In 1829 a mountebank named
Stephenson exhibited a roan with a hog's
head, To his sorrow somebody discov-
ered that this freak wits in faet a
shaved. bear bear which the ingenious be-
ventor caused to grunt and to cut grim-
aces by pricking lam with a needle.
Some years ago Prof. Ber mann of
Berlin, received a strange visitor -0
child whose riglit hand was attached
directly to the shoulder, there being no
vast- e of an arm. The parents of the
cripple innocently requeste(1 the totem&
professor to simply tbe missing arm.
The French doctor Denea.rquay re-
cords fifty-nine well attested cases of
horned people, generally women. Jules
Cioquest mentions a. woman who bad. 012
her head an exerescence' over five ineheen
long, and. Bartholin saw another over
• six inches long.
In the hospital at Hymns can still be
seen a piece of the scalp ef a womann
to which is attached. an excrescence over
• ten inches long, resembling
A RAM'S HORN'
it is about tete and. a half inches thick,
twisted spirally and ornamented with
• dainty stripes. Tee lady was lorty
yeaes old when the horn first made its
appearance sin four years it reachecl a
length of eight inches. The singular
"ornament" was completely hidden -tin-
der the luxuriant hair and. caused no
pain or inconvenieuce during the day -
At night, however, the poor woman was
constrained to lie unuinfortably, since,
even the slightest e Betel pressure
egainst the horn ca interee,enatepts
mg. Hence she decided to eubmit to
ha,ve it removed and the operation was
performed successfully, but a new pro-
tuberance at once made its appearanee,
and, if the woman isn't dead et is prob-
ably growing still.
• During .his last expedition through
South America, the .Argentinian Capt.
Albornog saw an Tndiae from whose
forehead protruded a. pair of horns re-
sembling deer horns in every respect.
Not long ago, at Ennigeriola, Prussia,
a child was born whose eye sockets
were empty. And to be without eyes
more dreadful than to have horns. There
seems to be practically no limit to hu-
man affliction, and this tale of human
misery might be continued. ad infinituni
or ad nauseam.
Unhealthy St. Petersburg.
At St. Petersburg the average yearly
deaths are from 2,500 to 3,000 in excess
of the births in a popelateon of nearly
million. In the years from 1868 to
1882 the death rate varied from 29.7 per
thousand to 38.0, while the birthswere
only 3,1 per thousand. In 1883 25,171
children were born alive, while there
were 30,150 deaths, an excess in this
year of about 5,000. But these figures
are apt to be misleading. The workmeu
who come ea to the eapital almost lever-
iebly leave their wives and children in
the provinces. Thee, many births take
place in the provinces which are not
reckoned tothe account of the capital.
• The fact that about 78 per cent. of the
population are over 16 years of age te.s-
titles to the univereality of' the prac-
tice of leaving the children in the coun-
try. The seme fact is demonstrated by
the presence of twelve Men to every
ten women in S. Petersburg, where-
as in =St towhe this proportion is ex-
actly reversed. It will thus be seen that
thougb the deaths are in excese of the
births, there es not likely to .be any
dirainalion in the eetual aopulatioe of
the 'town. In fact, its population in-
creased 20 per cent. between 1860 and
1881.
OUR MILITARY STRENGTH.
Ommiami
Comparative Strength of the Pernik:along
of Canada and the United States.,
A despatch from Buffalo, atta., sage:
-In case. of war between Great Britain
and. the United States the border line
between the States and. Canada would
ID the line of battle, as indicated in the
editorial utterances of the Londe
Geobe, and a review of the emnparatiV
strength of the fortifications and mili
tary forces along the frontier becomes
of interest.
A. map published by the Courier shows
where 60 companies of the National
Guard or regular troops are stationed
ID New York State, of which but a small
portion is located on the frontiereadee
two regiments at Buffalo, the 05411 d
74411, and separate companies at Tona-
wanda, Niagara, Medina, Roche.ster, Os-
wego, Watertown, Ogdensburg, and
Malone. But the Canadian frontier in
Ontario and Quebec is fairly covered
with marks, 164 in number, mdienting
the presence of the Canadian troop
thousands upon thousands of themalon
the Niagara and St. Lawrence river,
across Lake Ontario and near, Wee
Champlain. Every point of attack es
covered, not only by infantry, but by
artillery and cavalry. "They are vol-
unteers, it is true, continues the
Courier, " but so is our National Guard,
and so will be the great bulk of ow
army in time of war. To underestimate
opponents is one cif the worst faults
of a soldier, and usually reeults in dis-
aster. We cannot afford to tuaderesti- '
mate this Canadian strength, backed as
it Would be in a contest with England
by all England's, prestige and power.
Loyal Canadians are all of Scot:ober Eng-,
• lish stock, and are a fine, well-develoe-
ed, and courageous race oi raen. The
expedition to the North-West in the
Riel iebellion proved they could endure
terrible hardships. And they are cote'
mended by trained, experienced o111 -
cera, far superior in knowledge of th
art of war to oar National Guard offi
cers. That we could eventually crus
Canada by weight of runebers casino
ID doubted, but the first time we Me
them in war would be an occasion qua
soldiers th this country would remeMe,
ber for all time to come."
• No BlYstery.
• Mistre,ss (severely) -How
happen to go out •
• New Girl (innocently)- I gaess
reeeot, to ,,ell me to patac,a1 ont!