HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Exeter Advocate, 1893-5-18, Page 3ONTARIO LEGISLATURE.
number a petitions were presented,
among them beim; oee from the corporation
of the city of Tomato praying that High
School trustees be elected the mime as Pub-
lic School ttustees.
Mn Mir, in moving the aeon n ed -
Ing of his bill, raid that it appeared to be
the desire of the Home to get down to
business on this question. At the very
outset he was met by the objection of the
,Attorney.Generah who wanted to know
why the provisions of the bill were notmore
.extensive, and why wholesale dealers Were
not iuoluded as well m retail dealers. He
would sly to the Attorney -General and the
hon. members that if the bill Was allowed
to go to committee he would M committee
'be prepared to astent to any reasonable
amendment that would be calculated to
make the bill more stringent and airwave.
He thought thee both eides of the House
ishould join hands in sepporting his meassure.
Ile was further advised by others learned in
the law that this bill was within the pro-
vince of the Legislature. H had been in-
fornied that they had not the right to deal
• with the svholwale traffic. The Liquor
License Act that was now in forceprohi-
bited 399 out of 400 persons in Ontario from
entering upon the actual sale of liquor. If
they could do that, why could they not
prohibit] the 400 from wiling ib? Then, if
the Province possessed the power to prohibit
the traffic part of the time, suoh as on Sun-
• days and Saturday evenings, he contended
thab it had the power to prohibit the traffic
all the time.
• Mr. Fraser—You close every store on
-Sunday to prevent any one following their
occupation.
Mr. Marten in conclusion, moved the
second reading of the Bill.
Mr. Giltson (Hamilton) presented the
• report of the Drainage Commission, and a
return of the names of purchasers of timber
berths at the sale of 1890.
The following bills were read a third
time• ;
Respecting the railway debenture debt of
the village of Exeter—Mr. Bishop. ,
To contolldate the debt of the oity of Se.
‘Catharines—Mr. Hisoott.
To consolidate certain debentures of the
city of Heathen—Mr. Gibson (Hamilton).
An Act respecting the Sarnia Consumers'
.Gas Company—Mr, Maekenzie (Lambton
West).
Respecting the Sault Ste. Marie & Hud-
son Bay Railway Company—Mr. Tait.
To amend the Act incorporabing the
Parry Sound Colonization Railway Company
—Mr. Sharpe,
Mr. Gibson (Hamilton) moved the House
date Committee of the Whole to confirm
.zertain orders -in -Council of February 27th,
'1893, to grant aid to hospitals.
Mr. Meredith desired to cell attention to
the very rapid Muerte in grants under this
head since 1874. In that year the total
amount of grants for all the &argon
covered by the item of hospitals and oilcan
ties was $43,220, and this year the amount
was $164,949. The time had come when
there should be a revision of the system. It
seemed to him a bad feature that the Gov-
ernment should establish rival institutions
In cities or counties. The cost of mainten-
ance varied greatly, in seine cases being as
low as 11 cents a day and in others as high
as 80 cents a day. Sontething should im-
mediately be done to improve upon the
manner in which aid was given, and also to
stop the rapid increase in the number of the
institutions aided by public funds.
Upon consideration of the resolution to
eionfirra aid to the Refuge of Our Lady of
.0harity, Ottawa,
Mr. Meredith_ said that the grant asked
for 1892 was exorbitant and entirely out of
Proportion to the number of inmates. In
1891, with 119 inmates, the grant was $798,
while in 1892, with 129 inmates, the grant
asked was $3,105, which was more than
-quadruple, with an increase of only ten
patients. Such a state of things needed
430M8 explanation.
Mr. Bronson said the refuge was formerly
known as the Convent of the Good
Shepherd, and placed in schedule A of hos-
pitals. Additional accommodation had been
supplied by the erection of new buildings,
and adults were separated from children.
By this change the institution was placed in
schedule B.
Mr. Meredith thought the explanation
entirely unsatisfaotory. It was formerly
.entitled to only 2 cents a day per patient
from the Government, but in the newaohed-
Ade it was entitled to 5 cents, and had
eactually been receiving 7 cents.
Mr. Gibson (Hamilton)—No, no.
Mr. Fraser moved the House into coni-
:mittee of the whole on a resolution to
„authorize the transfer from the Parliament
buildings account] of $30,000 paid for the
-old hospital premises and $17,876 paid for
the competitive plans for the premisee to
.the ordinary revenue fund, as well as an
„additional $15,000 till to be expended on
the buildings. One million three hundred
thousand dollars would cover the entire cost
of the buildings.
The following bills were read a second
time :
•
Respecting the erection of new provincial
lunatic asylum at Brockville—Mr. Fraser.
Relating to the ereebion of the new pro-
vincial buildings—Mr. Fraser.
Mr.. Gibson (Hamilton) moved the House
into committee on his bill for the 'proven -
then of cruelty to and better protection of
children.
Mr. Meredith asked the meaning of the
words " recognized" and " organized"
• before "Children's Aid Societies" in the
bill.
Mr. Gibson (Harathon) said the first
gneant societiea recognized by the Govern-
ment, which would be duly incorporated.
Organized societies meant other childreine
societies engaged in the work. It was the
• intention to have aid societies in all large.
• centres duly incorporated. These would be
tolerably uniform in their methode and
-aims.
Mr. Meredith thmight children ought nob
to be developed by running them all through
one groove. This method was a mistake,
. and tended to destroy. individuality. He
wished to know what was meant by a
Children's Aid Society.
Mr, Gibson (Efamilton) promised to con -
eider the eughestion and add a clause de-
fining the society.
Mr. Meredith objected to the claw° which
•provides that a magistrate may issue a
warrant of search for chilclreit supposed to
be ill,treated and kept out of the way. This
clause was modified by an amendment pro -
poised by the Attorney-Geheral.
Alvan loacess.
Mr. Clancy said thab it was wrong to
• permit anyone other than the parent to in-
flict punishment upon children.
On a clause providing that Ohildren inust
• not be on the streets after nightfall,
Mr. Clency said ib was a barbarous pro-
vielon,
Mr, Meredith maid it Wee nonsense to pat
ouch a clause in. It was ridiculous to sup-
• pose that a boy of 18 and a girl of 17
• could not walk ebout the streets after night,
• fall.'
Mr. Gibson (Hamilton) pointed out that
the clause was not compulsory, but
rested With municipal councils to pare
and enforce. He had not received each
hearty Wintnentlittion for any oboe° hi
Bill as that.
Mr. Meredith ObjeCted to the assuming of
control of children by the Provinoe.
was }surely enoilgh Oust the Province take
charge of neglected ehildren. Ili was not in
the intermits' of morality thet this curfew
bell almuld be rang. It woeld be more in
the intereete of the public if the bell was
rung for bald-headed men. (Laughter.)
Mr. Mowat said the proveion was largely
supported by pimento.
Mn Megmlith thought the parents were
well eine to exercise proper restraint upon
their children. The children would only
run out again efter being tient in. The
Attorney -General might as well paw a law
to milk° all yoeng men go to ohureh twice
on Suedam (Lauglatisr.) That certainly
would be a good law. Or he might as well
legislate to make all young men in the
couetry go to bed at half -past ten o'olook.
It certainly was bad for them to sit up later
when they bed to be up so early in the
morning. (Leughter.) This was the logi-
oal result of this kind of legislation.
The committee rose and reported the bill
to the House as amended.
Mr. Harcourb moved the second reading
of his bill to amend the Health Acte In
view of a possible outbreak of cholera it
was important thee several amendraente
'should be made giving municipalities the
right to erect hospitals if necessary for in -
factious cases, and to issue debentures for
the payment of the same without submit-
ting the by-law to the electors.
Mr. °lamy said that he knew of an in-
stance where the Health Officer had de-
stroyed a lot of valuable prop:Fey in disin-
fecting in a ease of diphtheria, and there
was no remuneration given.
Dr. McKay said that there were means of
diainfeoting property without destroying it,
and an officer that would destroy property
overstepped Ms bounds.
Mr. Wood said h was only right where
the State stepped in to destroy property
that there should be compensation. He
knew of an instance where a lot of property
in a store had been destroyed.
Mr. Meredith said that in a ease of small-
pox at London'where some property had
been destroyed, damages had been collected.
The bill passed its eecond reading.
Bills were introduced by
Mr. Garrow—To amend the Municipal
Act.
Mr. Waters—To amend the Ditchers and
Watercourses Act.
Mr. Maokenzie—To amend the Assess-
ment Act.
Mr. Gibson (Hamilton)—To consolidate
the Aot respecting the protection of game
and far -bearing aninaals.
Mr. Fraser said he would second the first
reading of the bill on condition that he was
satisfied with its provisions when It was
brought in. (Laughter.)
Mr. Tait—To amend the Watercourses
Act.
The following bills were read a third
time ;
Respeoting the Sohool of Mining and
Agriculture.
Bespeoting the Chatham Waterworks
Company.
Sir Oliver Mowat, in answer to a ques-
tion by Mr. Barr (Dufferin), said that whilst
the matter had been under consideration,
still it was not the intention of the Govern-
ment to introduce a bill during the present]
session for the puipose of taxing mortgagee,
as requested by the deputation of the
Patrons of Induatry.
Mr. Waters moved for an order of the
House for a return from the Treasurer of the
Medical Council, giving a detailed state-
ment of the SUMS paid to each member of
the 'Medical Council during the past five
years for travelling expenses and hotel
accommodation while attending council and
committee meetings.
Mr. Wood (Hastings) asked that the ad-
journed debate on the motion respecting the
representation of the city of Toronto in the
Legislature be taken up on Wednesday next,
which was agreed to.
Mr. Meacham said he would move the
second reading of his bill to amend the
Medioal Act, provided the Government
would grant him the privilege of naming a
spaded committee.
Mr. Fraser said "No, we won't do any-
thing of the kind You will have to divide
the House for this committee, and it is
understood there is to be no division to -day,
so you had better Mb it stand." This ad-
vice was taken.
Mr. Barr moved the second reading of
his bill to amend the Real Property
Limitation .A.ot. He said the Petrone of
Industry were very anxious for this
measure. He explained that many
oases arose where the agents for imple-
ments traded implements with farmers,
giving the latter to understand they
owned these implements. After a time the
manufacturers would come along and make
the farmers pay a second time, because they
claimed the agent had no right to dispoae of
the machines. His bill would put a stop
to this.
• Sir Oliver Mowat raid thee there were
several good features in the bill which
should become law. The bill was read a
second time.
Mr. Meacham, in moving the second
reading of hie bill to amend the Pharmacy
Act, said thab the clause making retail
dealers register sales of Paris green was a
dead letter, and he wanted the claim struck
out.
The bill was read a second time.
Mr. Gilmour, in moving the second read-
ing of his bill to amend the Municipal Act,
said his bill proposed to increase the
majority in the cote where a bones was
granted to railways from one-half to two-
thirds. • 'The bill was read a second time.
Mr. Rorke, in moving the eeoond reading
of his Bill to atnend the Municipal Act,
said that the Bill provided for the reduc-
tion of the representation in County Coun-
cils. He explained that the expenditure in
salary and mileage in several instances in
the province for the Clounty Councils was
greater than the other controllable expendi-
ture. He hinted that the meetings of the
County Councils were of a picnic character.
Mr. Fraser aid ib would be an idle thing
to reopen aquestion like the one his hon.
i
friend had ntroduced, It was not a de-
sirable ohmage, and he thoughb the Bill
should not be read a second time.
• Mr. Rorke said there was a demand for
t'ne measure. It was restoring the municn
pal system to the original basis and equal-
izing the mietern of representation.
Mr. Clancy said the bill involved much
more than appeared on the face of it.
The bill Was declared losb on a division.
, Mn. Bishop moved the second reading; of
o hill to amend the Municipal Act. The
bill provides that the maintenance of
bridges shall be by townships.
Mr. Waters oppooed the provision. He
would not oppose the bill going to com-
mittee, but would fight it there.
Mr. Bishop said it was unfair that a
township with seven bridges under 100 feet
each 'Should contribute 40 per cent. towards'
the expenees of anotber toenship with only
three bridges over 100 feet eeoh.
Mr. Fraser urged the hon. gentleman to
withdraw his bill, and not re -open the whole
question unfavorably.
The bill was lost en divielon.
Mr. 1VIoLenaghan moved the oecond read,
ing of a bill to amend the Municipal Act
providing for the giving of bounties not ex-
ceeding si per head lot the deetruotion of
Nees and other wild aulmaile. Tfa bill
read a second UM°.
Mr. Balfour's bill to amend the 14tlniciPal
Act was read e second time. The principal
provision of the bill IMpows a fine of $200
on each member of env munielpat Ootilleil
that negleebe to see aside a, oiultieg fund an.
natilly Where it is neCelIeary to Melte suoh
provision te Meath° peyrnent of debenturee
failing due,
Mr, Dryden'e bill to enable the corpora-
tion of the Cowley of Ontario to issue cer-
Min debentures Was pawed in committee.
The Hones adjourned at 6 p,m.
TUE eueW Menneercia.
Mie First Assignment and the Tragic End
it Mad.
It was near the end of a busy night
and, the night editor looked up wearily as
the telephone bell rang, says the Chicago
News.
"Wonder what this is 1" he murmured,
as he picked up the receiver, "Hope there's
nothing more to -night."
Bub as he listened he grew attentive and
jotted down a, couple et notes on a block
of paper. "Yee, I1I send up right away -
Thanks for the tip. Good -night," he
shouted, and turning to the Weepy office
boy, cried: "Sand in one of the reportero.
Who's out there ?"
"No one but that new matt," yawned the
youth.
"Well, send him in right away." fl The
boy fled, and the new man was soon in
readiness.
"Julie got a report of a saloide out on the
west side, near the --- street station. A
woman ahot herself. Skip out and get a
good story right away, for I don't think
anybody else has the tip."
"Why, that's right near where I live,"
said the new man, as he disappeared out of
the door. It was his fiat day on the paper,
and he was anxious to make a record. .Ar-
rived at the police station he hurriedly in-
quired for the lieutenant in charge and ex-
plained his mission.
"Yoe, happened half an hour ago. Don't]
know the woman. She was well dressed,
and had just moved, with her husband, into
a flat at 50," was that functionary's reply.
"Why, that's where I Live! Where's
the body," asked the reporter, getbing inter-
ested in the case.
"Up ab the house. I'll go with you."
When elle officer stopped in front of his
door the reporter began to wonder.
"Haven't you made a mistake ?" he in-
quired, breathlessly.
" No ; this is the place. The stiff is in
there," said the lieutenant, in the tone of
one accustomed to such things.
Pallid and trembling with anxiety, the
reverter followed his direction. The door
of bhe room was open, and through the
window the moonlight streamed on an un-
turned face splashed with blood. The
white light glinted from the barrel of a re-
volver that lay in a red pool, marks as of
rust showing here and there on its polished
surface. With a moan bhe man fell on the
floor beside the corpse'hie hand striking in
one of the little rivulets of blood that stained
the carpet.
" Mueb be new at the business," mad the
officer to himself. "He haen't any nerve at
all." He bent down to piok up the prostrate
man, but the body was etrangely limp. The
officer turned the body over and attempted
to restore consciousness. There was a moan,
then a shudder, and the practiced hand of
the policeman slipped to feel the beating of
the heart. It was sten, and the lieutenant
hastily arose and ran over to the station
for help.
The night editor was fuming and swear-
ing. The paper was just going to press,
and no word from the west aide suicide,
which was to be a scoop.
"That's what comes of having to send
oub new men. Old Billiger might get drunk,
but he always got hie stuff in before we
went to press." And he turned and swore
lustily at the unoffending office boy, who
was sound asleep in a waste -paper basket.
Saddenly the telephone ben rang sharply,
aggreseively. "That's him now, I gases.
Just when it's too late," murmured the
tired newspaper man.
"Hallo V" ne shouted; "who's that ?"
"The — street station. Did you send
a man over here to get that suicide ? '
a long time ago. What's become
of him ? I've been expecting to hear from
him."
"Well, I don't think you'll get any
oopy on that matter. You see, it was his
wife."
That accounts for it. I suppose he is
all broke up over it ?"
" Well, rather—he's dead."
Then the nights editor shut] up his desk,
woke up the office boy with a kick and
went home.
Fer Cleaning Fabrics.
When the washing of an article in soap
and weber is out of the question, sponging
wibh some substance that will remove grease
and other stains is the next best thing.
Naphtha or benzine is excellent for this pur-
pose, but at times something more is re-
quired. A cleaning fluid that has been
tested and recommended for silks and wool-
lens is made as follow° ; Pab into a large
saucepan two quarts of weber, half an ounce
of borax and four ounces of white cordite
soap, shaved fine, and stir frequently until
the soap and borax are dissolved ; then take
from the fire and add two quarts crf cold
water. When the mixture us cold add one
ounce of glycerine and one of ether. Bottle
and put away for use ; it will keep for years.
To elean an article, first brush thoroughly
then spread on a table. Sponge with the
cleaning fluid and rub hard until the stable
disappear. Spots can be removed from car-
pets in this manner.
When They Are Ahead.
"There s one advantage the polheman
has over other men," said Minim, the
masher. " What's that ? " asked Slider.
" Why, women go up and speak to them
without an 'introduction. If I were a
policanutn I would always wear my min
form."
Write at Once. .
The best time to frame an answer to tha
letters of a friend 18 the morning you receive
them; thea the werinth of friendship and
the iatelligence received twat forcibly no-
operate.—Shenstone.
A scientific Vagabond.
In midwinter—One tramp to another --
Yeo, thy dear sir, I have COMe to the con -
°hewn that out ecientifie men are right and
that our planet is gradually growing colder
each year.—Journal kniuscrint.
GIESONS' TOOTADHE GMII mite on a
tenrporary filling and stop° toothache in
Wangle Sold by druggists.
A testa for books is the pleasure and
glory of trey life. 1 would not exohange it
for the riches of the lndieu.—Gibbon.
} Some of the state novo with a velocity of
/ 50 milea a send
near y c .
I o
Storekeeper—You won't suit trio if YOU
're
hot married. Young Man—Why do you
' 'Meter your Make to be /named? We're-
keeper--Beoeuse 1 find the married oboe are
never in such a ttroh to close up at night
and leave Me AB the single one's are.
SAVE IBS CHILDREN.
Chicago Judge oil tho Troatoiont of
flaxen& °Sidon. •
THEY ARE DRIVEN TO CRIME.
(Chicago Sunday Posta
°tillionlYrjanir stYteaedoti9ra;
„.d. and custody of de-
pendent of neglected
t children are tte only
es means by which, in
my opinion, the in-
crease of the con-
atantly growing
criminal class wiz be
checked. Of course
there will always be
men and women of
vicious natures frorn
whom no training can
eradicate the taint of
criminality in their composition, For such
as these permanent restraint is perhaps the
only condition. But the criminal °lessee,
so called, are not composed of thew here-
ditary lawbreakere. The vast majority of
persons now in the penitentiaries of the
land drifted into crime through, parental
neglect, poverty or evil associations.
A generation of criminals does nob bet
long. In my experience of twelve years as
a police magistrate I have seen many new
faces in the sad prowesion that paseed be-
fore me. I have seen the little boy, 8
or 10 years old, or even younger, brought
into court for the first time. He has been
in bad company. Evil associates have kept
him on the streets. Hie parents may not
know where he be or knowing, may not
care. He has broken a window'or
filched an apple, and has been
arrested. He is terrified and to:tu-
ba 1 oan do nothing with or for
him. If his parents claim him he must
be delivered to them. He is released.
Within a short time he is brought in again
by the polite, charged with some other
inisohien At intervals for a few years I
see hie face in the dock, each time more
• hardened, more violow, more oritninel than
before. Steadily he has gone down or up i
in the category of crime. Finally he s
arrested for robbery, burglary or name
similar crime. I hold him to the Criminal
Court. I may not see him again for a
couple of years, bub when he does make his
appearance he is, the officer who arrested
him tells me, an ex -convict and a dangerous
crook. This is repeated a few times and
then he drops from sight altogether—sent to
the penitentiary for twenty years under the
habituancrimine.1 aot, mayhap for life for
murder, or even he may have been hanged.
This is in brief the history of a criminal as
a police justice seers him.
THE DOLEFUL PROCESS OF EVOLUTION.
Nine -tenths of the criminals are devel-
oped in this ---the product of ignorance,
poverty and neglect. Poverty alone seldom
makes °Hudnall:, but where the parents are
lazy, shiftless, improvident, ignorant or
drunken as well as poor, the child has but
little before him except a life of crime.
Drunkenness is productive of crimes of
violence mainly, such as assault. Indi-
rectly drunkenness contributes largely to
the criminal ranks by bringing about the
conditions of poverby and loss of self-respect
thab throw children in the way of vicious
companions whose lives and fate as criminals
and convicts they ultimately share.
What is the remedy! Save the child and
you save the man. Under a proper condi-
tion of affairs the boy or child whom I have
described shouldnever have been permitted
to take the second step on the highway to a
criminal life. When first arrested he should
be held by the officere until the drown -
stances of his home life had been fully in-
vestigated. If his parents neglected him,
if they did not send him to school, if he had
no parents, the State should at once af18111111.1
the care and cushody of hini. He should
become the ward of the State. As itt is now,
the justice under the law is powerless. If
the child be under 10 years old and has
parents he must be released. If more than
ten years and dependent or abandoned
the oase can be reported to the County
Court ; some one of the institutions that
take care of such children will be notified ;
the officers of the place will investigate the
boy's character; if it be very bad they will
not receive him. If they consent to take
him there will be a great deal of red tape
and finally the ohild is committed to b. go-
wned reformatory institution. Failing
the the child is senb to the briciewell on a
fine, or,
if the offence be grave enough, he
ie held to the Grand Jury.
In either case he is almost certain to be
lost. One month in the jail awaiting trial
locked up with older boys already hardened
in crime will ruin anybody. A month in
the bridewell will graduate him a profes-
sional criminal. To overcome the bad
effect of a term in a reform school will re-
quire the rest of hie lifetime. Do what he
may the feet that he was onoe an Minato of
a reform echool will be a stigma on him
through life.
WHAT THE STATE SHOITLD DO.
In the first place, the State should estab-
lish an institution in vrhieh children such as
I have described can be cared for, educated
and taught a useful trade or occupation.
Thio sohool should have about it nob the
least trace or taint of prison attribute& It
should be entirely above the suspicion of
being a penal institution. It should be part
of the educational system of the State. It
should be an annex to the Public Schoolo.
It should be an constituted e.nd so cora
ducted that the child placed in it for in-
struction will incur uo more odium than the
child who obtains hie education at the
State's expense in the Public Schools.
The State should create a home for the
boys and girls found on the street, who will
be good men and women or dangerous
criminals according to tha manner in which
they are treated. In such an institution
the children should bo eircemstanced, as far
its possible, as they would bo in a comfort-
able home. They should be allowed to see
their parents frequently. Their love for
their parents should be fostered,
nob destroyed. Their bettor quail -
ties of mind and body, their self-
respect, their independence of spirit,
should be promoted, not repressed.
They should haw cutteient wholesome food
—not be half atarved es they are in same ol
the existing institutions. They :should he
treated with kindneon Frequently I have
children broughtt before me who have run
away from places to which they were emit
to work from somo of therm institutione.
The children tell most pitiful take of the
treatment they have received from their am-
ployere. The latter denies it, of commie
aud the officers of the lestitatiou aro on
head to explain how bad teed violets this
boy is and howgood Mt. Jones woe to him.
CHEAPER IN TUB END,
1 LWOW that such an institution with
00.100CitY Of nodommodating domfortably
several thousand (+lichen would wee con-
aidotable mousy. Bub even at that it woulei
be economy. There are diamonds of
emener
'Pas 1
4 V,
e
''',:lo ,/,
' 0
prieoniani In the jells/ and nelalitentiariee of
thie f3ratte Ib wan hundreds of thousande
annually. to support ehem and to maintaie
the crinunal courts. an fully satisfied
that a eYetem of caring for Aleglecte4 and
despondent traildren awn as I have outlined
would effeot an Wittman) redaction in the
number of orb:nine's.
The streets are the printery Scheele for
crime. Children sholdd be kept oil
them. All children below 14 years
of age—or a higher Ihnit even might
be better—should be compelled to
attend school. Where the partnere could
not or would not oare for the children the
State ellOUld take them in charge. Then
rigidly enforce the !ewe armed ehild
labor. Increase the jurisdiction of the
nolice juatioe so as to empower him to
commit children directly to the Stele
refuge without the presenb tedious inter-
mediary promos. Check the child's firat
step toward crime. Each convict in the
penitentiaries has cost the State, since the
time he was firat arrested on the street a
child of eight or ten, more than $1,000.
That same $1,000 if applied to the care and
education of that child would have made
hint a good citizen.
Savo the Children and you save the men.
Tan CEP T�L EffEEnfl.
fame DangerereIlldeTilittehrats.
From othe 1185e of
wa
The to plant its a hardy evergreen shrub,
and its botanical varieties do nob appear to
be numerous. The differences in the
numerous teas of commerce depend chiefly
on the selection of young or old leaves and
special treatment in drying and otherwise
preparing the leaf rather than 0/2 any essen-
tial ifotanioal variation.
Tim varieties of tea imported into this
country are very numerous ; but seldom
does any of them reach the consumer
unmixed, for the wholessile merchants
carefully improve) their teas by blend-
ing" The methods employed in pre-
paring teas differ in the different coun-
tries in which this commodity is grown.
In India the manufacturing prooesses are
very much simplified, and the greater por-
tion, if not the whole is accomplished by
machinery; thus the lessee only come in
contact with the hands of laborers in the
picking. This may also be said of the Jap-
anese teas, to a certain extent ; but those of
Chinese origin are manipulated almost en-
tire' r by hand, and in the cheaper grades
the f let are sometimes need in rolling.
BLACKS AND GREENS.
The names of teas with which the public
are moat fe.miliar are simply " green " and
"black," which differ merely in accordance
with the method of preparation followed.
Green tea is not allowed to undergo a sorb
of fermentation process which forms the
dietinguiehing point in the process of mak-
ing bleak teas.
It is difficult to determine the value of a
tea by chemical analysis alone. A tea may
be very rich in theins or tannin and yet
bring the same price as one poor in these
subsances. The flavor, strength and ap-
pearance of a tea in general determine its
market value. The flavor is due to the
volatile oil, the strength to the proportion
of tannin and the appearance of the leaf to
its age before picking and the care taken in
the rolling and other manipulations. A tea
mom be deficient in tannin and still bring a
high price on account of its delicacyof
fiever, or, by the admixture of leaves rich
in tannin, ito streagth may be increased to
meet the dementia of the market. In
genuine unfaced teas the value is usually
111 a direct ratio with tk,e soluble matter in
the ash.
DELEOAOY OF FLAVOR.
According to one authority the finer the
quality of the tea the more thane, soluble
ash and extractive matter ib will
contain, taough this is not uniformly true.
It has been stated that the relatively high
price of Indiau maa is due largely to their
percentage of tannin. This permits the use
of a verymuch smaller quantity of tea
ia preparing the infusion for the table. A
aeries of chemical investigations has been
very recently made by a Russian chemist
front which he makes the following deduc-
tions: The greater the ratio of
theism to the total amount of tannin
and products of fermentation the
dearer the tea. The more regular
the fermeatation the better the tea. The
regusarity of the fermeetation is recognized
by the relative amount of products of fer-
mentation in ten But until a more thorough
many of the chemistry of teas has been
made the skill of the professional tea -taster
And the honesty of dealers in regulating the
relative prices must be largely, if not en-
tirely, relied upon.
TEL ADULTERANTS.
The methods employed in adulterating
toes are facing, the admixture of spent or
exhausted le hvf.s, foreign leaves, foreign
astringents and adde& mineral matter.
hat nag is th.e treatment of teas with vari-
oua coloring matters, with the object of
imperting some favorite color or gloss
to the teat and always has a
fritudulent intent. Prussian blue, turmeric,
indigo or plumbago are most com-
mealy used.. Oatechu la added 119 a foreign
astringent to give this property in a greater
strength thee they naturally possess.
Aceinig the common additions of mineral
matter are koapstorre, gypsum iron salts,
metallic iron megnetio oxide of 'iron, rand,
pereicles of (+rick and copper.
Aa a rule, the adulterants of teas are not
such as nem be considered prejudicial to
Tne minerel matters employed in
facing, ete., with the exception of the salts
of iron or copper, are insoluble in water,
hence would non be present in the infusion
Oopper, wh ich lsprobablyvoryrorolypmeaent,
would be vary objectionable even in very
email qurt Ilit e. Sulphate of iron is a
very powerful satritigent and in the small
quantities to which it would be used it
would probably not be objectionable. Sul-
piwae of iron has rarely been detected.
Pacing, if excessive, increases the weight of
the tea, but there is no evidence of its
being prejudiced to health.
The adulterations of teas are thus more
to enhance the) value of inferior grades MC-
aepb in the ease of lie tea or the addition of
foreign or exhausted leavers. The evidence
of authorities upon food adulteration shows
that the addition of foreign leavea is now
but little practiced.
Caul Airord the Chariot.
Rowne de Bout—/ am told that Carrie
ammo earns $800 a week for singing in
comic opera.
Upton Downed—Would that I could follow
Emerge/eel advice and hitch my chariot to a
tar I
Catching and Hissing.
"1 wioh," laid the embarrassecnlooking
man, who hatl tried to dance, " that it
wasn't so hard to catch a train at the depot
and so hard to miss it in a ball-room.—Rose-
ea!
Int) Proper Thing To Mo.
hen the hired Man wined home loaded
the proper thing to do is to discharge him.
Dogs don't have to bother about the
fashions. The Aim' of their pants depends
altogether upon the weather.
THE BRITISH TARS.
ifew They LoereetdNtaevAalniFeart Vyee gm
wArtldr titlue.@hdeeseNr.jber;
et7em
aiPP e a raller:ile
tite f the
hand:
through the atreetta
during the great
navel review:
There was a pleas-
ing lack of the COM..
BirririntiPet"taraeb."15Thtehl;
Were true to the de-
"' scription which Mr..
Kipling has given of them. A sailor led at
the head of the line a small goat with a.
scarlet blanket covering her and brasa.
buttons decorating the blanket. The goat,
was as small as a little dog, but showed::
great plaok and a desire to fight every-,
thing in her path. She was doubblese
tended as an emblem of the spiriti among the
sailors.
The big mem who walked at the head of
the first lot of tars after the noble shipet
officer hed gone by was a most eatisfac-
tory sample of the email officer that we
read about. He has risen from the realms,
and said "Heyes right 1" with a Etna,
voice and a very clear pronunciation of
the "h."
Every heart of oak had trousers that
flowed around the tips of hie boots and than
might have been out into two or three pain
from the knees down. ' All wore their
blouses well'open at the neck, as thwart
the grip had never been heard of, and alh
of them had shoulders and cheats that
ahowed the expansive effect of out -door life,
and plenty of am
Some of these men were extraordinarily
good-looking. There were men walking
along as cemmon sailors and earning a few
shillmge a week that were simply models of
strong beauty. Their faces were the color
of mahogany and as smooth ae ivory; and
they wore curly black or brown beard's that
had never beezi out. Simply for their looker
they would be worth large sums to any
manager of comic opera.
The officers of the English ehipa who
walked with the men were young fellows as
a rule, and fine young fellows at that -
Their arms and their legs showed that they
had been forced to work hard ever since
they went in as middies. Of these same
middies there was an intereeting supply..
Some of these were not bigger than half of
Inspector Williams' leg and not more than
10 or 12 years old. The crowds lookedupom '
thorn with surprise and admiration, not
knowing that great English sea -fighters are
made almost exclusively from timber that
begins its seasoning at sea at the age of 10.
None could have been prouder or more
keenly alive to the importance of the woe -
Mon than the middies. They brought
down their little cutlasses in saluting with
all the power of their good right arms and.
never Bruited or turned their eyes to the
right or left. They were thereto.represene
England, and they knew it.
ON THE
Admiral ECopkins invited a representative
of one New 'York Sun to remain on the
Blake on her trip from Fortress Munroe to
New York, and in the course of a three -
column article has the following interesting
incident:
Before the capes and theses were reached
there was a short drill and inspection. Le
another five minutes there was sounded the
morning bugle call to prayers. This hap -
paned at the very time that our Yankee
sailors were going through what is called
the "getting -up exercise" of einpty-handed
calisthenics all along the deck. The Eng -
bah matinee were drawn up in two lines
upon the quarterdeck, with all the
crew not on watch in it double line
beyond them. All had their caps in their
hands. The eificere stood about in front of
the menavith bare heads, and around a eort
of a corner was a huddle of boyish midship-
men, ads) uncovered. The chaplain, a
smooth -faced young man, who wears an -
Oxford mortar board atl his insignia of offices.
Wood bareepolled with his prayer -book
open, close up in front of the men, and
commander Brayly, handsome and master-
ful, folded his hands behind him and looked
down at the deck. Dant. Taylor, a jovial
mmiature of tee Prince of Wales, balanced
hunielf on tipmee and scanned the faces of
the men as if to see whether any of them
was not repeating the responees with the
others. The musical Eoglish of the ritesi of
the national (rhumb took on beauty as it was
clearly spoken by all the bronzed men be-
side the huge cannon, and the fortress -like
steel shelters and cesemates of that stage
setting. And very strange it was indeed,
to hear the hardy fellows asking was,
to de-
fend them " in all the assaults of our ene-
mies." So it was to hear them utter the
elsewhere ordinary prayer; "Grant that
this day we fall into no sin, neither runinte
any kind of danger." But stranger still
was it to know that wb.en thew man, as
brave as even us Americans, were thue
humbling themselves before Goal as a daily
duty, reverently observed, our own gellautt
tars, who take rellgeon as if io were a' bath,
once a week, were runaing double.quiek
areund the decks of the white cruisers, fae
mild leen, bees and men'black aud white„
slip -slop, in their lose soft ehoes
upon the hard penal:tad 1Le.rds. How-
ever, perhaps the difference between ths.
rouetne was no greater then tee contrast be-
tween the two bodieo of men, fur while
aboard tb.e British slims alt the men were
Britith, on the white ciuners of our coun-
try the orewe were made up of Swedes,
Danes, Portuguese, Atricane, Irish, Ger-
man; Italian; Oanadians, Japanese,
Chinese, Inanakes aud here and there an
An'teviee
J charali service it good thing 7' an
officer ot the Bence is as asked.
0 very. good Wing," said he. "Ib
brings them all together, ie sots them to
thinking of something better than worldly
matters, and it satisfies the Wrong 'senti-
mental side Meat every true sailor has."
leiginly emoted.
What is the precise who expreetsive
anger or rage? Our novelists seem hardir
to have Settled the point as yet, if we mar
judge from tha four passaged below, taken,
from a recently published novel:
1—Page 9, "Adrienne suddenly appeared'.
her few white with anger.n
2—Pege 29, " The little fellow was trenr.f
bling with a blue rage."
3—Page 57, "Albert was choking with
passion. He turned green in the face'
4. ---Page 173, "Rodolphe, who was of
very choleric temperament, pawed instann
teneously through all the colors of the ratan
bow."—London
Alter the lioneeinootts
She (sweetly)--Whatwould living be with,
out me I
Ile (gloomily)—Oheaper.
The word preface used in the beginning
of books was originally a word a wacoink
to a meal, and was equivalent tO "
geed Mi
ay t do you'