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The Exeter Times, 1891-7-16, Page 7AGRIQULTURAL 2.6,11XtliG 4.$ A. VO6ATIOX. it) Itertitexas Intitgater. Man builds his eastlee fair at Idebe Virberever river retinal% by:, Great cities rise in every land. Great churches show the builder's baud, Great arche, monuments and towers, Fair palace:send pleas ng bowere.• Great peek is dome be it here or them Arid wett. WW1 WOrketh everywheee, But fall to each wbat e'er WW1, The farmer, he mast feed them all - The oceupations pursued by man are numberless and vary greatly in importance, front those scarcely worth notice to others which area the whole world. One a the meet impoetant vocations, end one which aboutheti a the people &BOW, de farming. It is one of the first employ - melds that man pursued and all the way through the budding up of the nations it hes fio_eured as one of theleadiug pursuits of Man. In the preeeut day farming has at - tabled, a higher state of perfection than at oosany previous time, and offers mere in- skicerneate to those who are seeking a titaness. Perhapa the chief advantages which the farmera of to -day enjoy over any preview time are the greatly improve tools with which they work and the better facilities for transperting their products to the world's markets. The int- provements in implements are nuked such its to so enppleineut the work of his hands as to maltiply hi producte many times, and to elevate much of his werh from mere drudgery to the intelligent operation a nutehieeTy while in our wonderful steam of raikoada he has an expansion of his mar. ket front the narrow loonuleriea el his own, neighborhood to the Meat remote corners of the globe. These changed conditions make neeeSSM7 at higher ietelligence, and a broad- er colture on the part of the farmer. 'Pito county is overstocked with eceendsrote femora, thew who exerciae no thought as to the best methede of preparing the Soil sa it willyteld the most 'laying crop ; therm who know little and care lesa about the con- dition of Om, great marketa and tioe probable retie of supply and demand; thoozi who never do auything new, but continne in the dull thoughtless routine of their fathers. hieny people suppose that anyone eati farm with. out having any knowledge whatever of the science and art, and be aucceeaful itt. it, but thie iii a grievous. mistake. Right here 1 the ehief reaoon for the IOW esteem in which the farmer laaa alwa.ys been held. For many years he lute had little or uo voice in the affoira of goverment. He has permitted othera to represent hint, or mierepresenthi,n1 until, of alt Professions. is the most neglected.. The tide has at lest turned, and watt more attention to his own culture, the fanner may aeon fine him. reveted by all elatises„ and wielding au inguonco second to that of no other:mem- ber of wieldy. But a short time ago an Agricultural department vete added to the ex. motive branch of our government, seat pre- Eea theferaier, hie products, and. welfare are recognised to a greater extent than ever be- fore. In mony of the states agricultural colleges have been founded for the purpoto of expeehneutal Arming and instruction in the mechanical arte, In mant, of the state they have prospered and have been. o source of benefit to the farming community, but too often theao institutions have been transform- ed into anything but agricultural colleges. This hes been true, to a great extent, in oirr state, tvhere the agriculture' college has ) utilized for the education of Specialists in the various scienceas while the subject of agriculture has received very little attention, and the number that has gone front the col- lege to the farm is in the ininority. Thus, those that by their influence should be an aid to the farming community, too often foltow other vocations. he farmer has many advantages that the cit.*- residene knows nothing of; one of these is jthe a.bundauce ofpure air; another, the pleasure of a quiet life, and surely there is no bett 12 place than the farm for tbe opportunity of making a model home— a home with Reiman tiful resideuce surround- ed by. flowers and fruits, with its well kept leWee—a heine where tiro ininatea are edu- cated and cultured people, free from the frivolities of fashionable society. Such a home, together with its fields of waving grain, its flocks and herds, \meld surely be almost an earthly paradise, aud would be enough to tempt people from the dusty and dingy streets of the crowded cities. But the actual, in the majority of cases, is not so in- viting as the possiblc, and too often the i country home s only a boarding pieceiwith no recreation or books of any kind, and the work a constant humdrinn,which the child on gladly leave to pursue almost anything else. This business that might be the priuce of vocatioas, giving full scope to all the higher intellectual and moral powers of man, must indeed be made such. When that glad an.y shall come, no farmer's boy or girl will be foiled turning away from the wealth and freedom of the farm to live in shop or factory. Speed the day when farming may be what it ought to be everywhere—the most honored and sought among the von, - tions of men. Farm Mortgages. The Census Bareem has b en formulating the land mortgage debt statistics of the country so as to arrive at the relative con- elitions of the farraers. We have just re- ceived a bulletin from the Bureau containing figures in which the land morgage indebted- ness in Iowa is contrasted with that in Ala. barna. From it we derive some interesting figures. In Alabama the total mortgage indebted- ness on lands is $39,027,983, of which about three-fourths is on farms and one -fourths on town lots. In Iowa the total debt upon land la $199,- ''''l031,956, three-quarters of which is on farm ' ands and the other one-fourth on town os. The average life of mortgages in Alabama is from 2i to 3i, years, while in Iowa it is over 5 years. The legal rate of interest in Alabema is 8 per cent, while in Iowa it 'is 10 per cont. This is a showing vastly in favor of the farmers of Alabama, and we believe the setae rule will apply to all the agrieultural States of the South and the West. Gtrattberry Plants in StIllittet Amateurs etarting, new - plahtations of etrawberries for horae use, if planted the past epeing, will need only to direct the new mutters along in line with the plamtedrows, se that for a wiclth of eighteen inches or so, the whole ground gets uniformly filled with plants six rnehes to a foot apart. Beds kat eel this shape are more easily managed, ad givegreater crops than in any other style known. To grow them on the eingle plant o hill system, keeping all the rneners eue off, will, provided they are pro- perly preteeted in winter, perhaps produce the largeet berries, but the row systein, if they antriet allowed to mat too Mitch to- gettar, will bring stemberries large enough to sti. eg bat- trese 1 a fastidious taste. When allowed, to row the greater abundance ef foliage gives them ueture's protection, their own leaves, which witl,. a very little adeed •suffices to secure them, agaansb the worst winters in any part a the •country. Auother thing, a renewal of the plantation at least every third year prefereade—every seeond year, except with veryelean culture, is most setisfact,ory. So those who waut to be sure of 4 good supply will ueed to replant a half or one-thial et the area each year, selecting new ground mich time. The beet way of all to swage youog plants is to sink emelt flower pot into the ground, lay a mow on, the pot, feateninginposition by a peg or done until rooted, and when the roots have filled the pot cut from old plaut, and the new one is ready to &rain a new position. Plants grown this way eau easily be made to protium a good erop of fruit by, next sim- mer, and is worth considering by new be. ginnere.—(Prairie Farmer. ?fatbt eooltry, Financial men will tell you that the row" to wealth is reached not by what yon ,nake but by whet you aloe, " kleonomy is wealth." Econoroy is not a saving in the frying pan to spill lute the fire --it is the curtailing of ail expense. In the poultry businessit means malty itetuo. Let on hast- ily rum over some of them: etess, 1—Rousing. Poorly constructed houses are dear at any price. It Is false etomotny to put on a cheap roof that will lest a year or two when good roofing wordd last ten years. It is false evonomy to use the pooreat kind of lumber when good beanie will not have melte and knotholes to letin dratighta of air, thus preveuting colds and roup. It is not ueceseary, however, to have cornices and gothie work, and rich erne - mentations. Plain, but good lumber, coat- ed with good paint, will make a serviceable house, and one of whieh Biddy can well feel proud. Item 9,—Srock, It in a waste of money to have mengrela when thereughbreda, rightly bandied, give better returnA thorough- bred fowl is dirt cheap at one or two dollars, while& eerub lieu is well paid for at fifty cents. Motley can be made with pure breds a lottery with dung hills, Item 3—Reed. It is poor economy to feed cheap grains. :kinsty feed will never make egg.) or healthy etvelo Money is saved by ming only the best. It is saving in the wrong woy to eebat the fowls. Civet them all they will eat up clean. Half marred hens never lay well ; they never bring much i the markets. So let all the operations be, and, if the owner is not a spendthrift, and is not a drone, and intelligent enough to know how the market prices run, and mindful of all the ernall Wogs, be will succeed. Make money by saving it, but do not be etingy. Cate °Mies:mud Lembo. It frequently happens in the apring that no or more lambs ni the neck aro orphan- ed from aome cense or other, and rather than permit, them to perish we have them brought to the liOnSe and raise them by hand. Sometimes a ewe Wince to own her lamb, another will Appear to think all the world of her offspriog but, will be unable to furnish a drop of milk for its subsistence, while a third perhaps dies, leaving her little ono helplese and miserable. lf tho lamb is healthy when it is brought ir it is always ravenously hungry, and before wo learned the danger of overfeeding we lost one or two trying to satisfy their appetite. The Ord meal of cow's milk given to a lamb should be not more than one-fourth ot a gill, which quantity may be gradually inerettsed to half a pint given every two hours when the lamb is ono week old. This is enough for a large, healthy lamb ; a small, delicate one ehoulki have elm less. When very young, the Iambs are liable to be troubled with scours, in which case the milk should be boiled for ono or two meals. If the opposite tendency is observ- ed, a little white sugar or molasses pet in the milk with generally prove a corrective; when it does not, however, a teaspoonful of castor oil should be given in the milk as is considered necessary. The milk must be perfeetly uecessary. The milk must be per- fectly sweet, es fresh as possible, and slight- ly warmed. After two weeks the interval between feeding should be gradually lengthened, and the quantity of milk increased, as a robust lamb at the age of two months can take with impunity one and a half pinta three times a day, and when three months old I this quantity twice a day le sufficient When the lamb m e few weeks old, if milk is scarce half the quantity advised may be given, mixed -with the same atnouat of well -cooked gruel made of fine corn meal or oat meal; and when this is done, in order to keep the lamb's digestion in good order, add to its food a tablespoonful of flax seed jelly once daily. The jelly is madeby boiling fax seed in eight times its bulk of water for twenty minutes. If the weather is very cold when the lamb is brought in we keep it for a few days in a box in the back kitchen, where a big wood lire burnsdaya,ndnight. Here itlies andsleeps on the clean straw covered with an old blanket, only awakening at its regular feeding times, when it begins a piteous and plaintive bleat that stops only when its hunger is appeased. It is not long, though, until the little fellow learns to jump out of his box and then he goes frisking about, poking his little inquisi- tive nose into everything, searching for some- thing to eat. Then, lest he run into the fire, I have to banish him to an outhouse, or on bright, sunny days to the garden where lie soon learns to nibble the rose bushes and tender shrubs in the dainty manner peculiar to sheep. Tbis is one trouble with pet lambs, they begin to eat entirely too early, filling their stomachs with food they cannot digest. To obviate this to some extent, we continue to feed the lambs milk oftener anti for a lon- ger period than would otherwise be 'absolute- ly necessary. They are greedy little animals, and when allowed to come about the yard and kitchen rapidly. acquire taste for all sorts of things. When I first bean raising pet lambs I used to feed them froin the bottle, which wag a groat deal of trOnble. now I use the. bottle and rubber only lor a few days atfirst, and then I teach the lamb to drink by pouring the milk into a shallow pan and letting the lamb take one finger in its month, slowly immersing my hand in the milk until it is able to draw a little into its mouth. At first the little fellow istsure that he gets milk from the end Of my finger, but he soon learns better; and dispensing- with my,finger altogether, he plunges his eager mouth down into the pan of milk, and after lunging about awhile, feeling for something to take hold of, and half strangling himself, he settles down, to business, and the milk disappears in a marvelously ehort space of thee. I do not know that there is any real, profit in raising lambs by hand. The milk: they Consume and the time required for car- ing for them are doubtless worth more than the lambe themselves; still, rather than see them ' die, we always -take them for pets. • They make the most gentle and most in- teresting pets in the world, and we soorabe. come so attached to them that the work of attending to there seen becomes a pleasure. They ere grateful, too, and repey oar care with suck quick interest, grow so fast and keep so healthy, that it seems but a little while they need feeding so often, • His Garrulous Wife. "Samantha.", grambied Mr. Chugwater, fumbling in one of the bureau drawers, rd. like to know where, in the name of com- mon sense, you keep my seeks." " Whee pair do you want, Josiah ?" in - liked Mas, Chngweter. "Any pair, if they are only mates. Iferee au odd gray sock antl an odd bleat one, and down l•ere in the corner is an old pair of last sumo -tee.* socks, with holes in the toes, 1 don% see why my things can't be kept, in order, the mune as other men'.' "11 you had only told !nee- " Told you Have 1 got to run to you, Mrs. ttliegweter, for every little thing I want? is that your idea almtit the way to carry on the lion mbold business? If you'd just take trouble enough to pile thiugs in here so 1 ean ffiel 'em when I want '4111 it would marc me lots of bother." ".kriali, if you will let me "-- " Now, there's no use in getting excited about this thing. If you kuow where I can ,et a pair of halfway decent soelts just say so, and. hunt 'Om up, and if you don't know and will have the kindness to put the fact. in plain English 111 go Oat and buy a pair. That'sall." If you bean% tumbled these things ell out of shape, Joeirth"-- " Turohled them out of thew, hove I? Whatht a burveit drawer for, anyway 1 is it to hide things in, madam? itt don't find what 1 waut an top haven't I got to look down under, I'd like to know ? Any wont - an that will peek and jam a bureau &ewer full of things, and arrenge them SO you've Nitta dig and glow all through the whole minces to get what you're etter and then don't get, ite hasn't got the right idee About arranging a Mall's haberdashery. If you know where my suety are, Mrs. Cingtwator, why don't you say so, instead of etanding around like a stoughton bottle mad doing othing ?" 1(1 coal have found them for you in minute end owed you all this trouble if yon had given me a chance,' said Mrs. Chug - water, as she atraightened out the tangle in the drawer and brought to view from 400 of the bottom cornera five ptirs of clean seeks. "When yon want anything of this kind hereafter, Josioli, if you'll just let me know" -- "'rhe trouble with you, Sainenthal" growled ',11r. Chugwator, as hejerked a pate trout the top of the pile and went off to one corner to put them on, "is that you talk tee much. The Irish, Land Purohme By a majority of 120, With 321 members present, the Irish Land Purchase bill has passed, the British House of Commons. If the testimony of Mr Parnell is of any indite in this connection the measure is a. boon and a great one to the Irish people. The exa leader of the Irish party is credited with saying recently that" if properly worked by the Law Conunission and by the Irish Goverment the 4\ot would do mare good to Irelandand the Irish people than auy mea. sure that hall over proceeded from the Im- perial Parliament. The eenditet of the bill on the House reflects greet credit upon Mr. Balfour as a master of Waite:is and debate. One who has carefully studied the measure and is competent to givejudgment without characterizes it as the mos tlitli snit and com- plicated income ever framed, and asserts that in any but the ablest hands it would have gone to wreck on any one of a dozen points. The measure, it is predicted, will be the death stroke to tbe came of Home Rule since it cannot fail to quiet Irish dis- content and that menus the taking away of the fuel by which the fire of the Home Role agitation was kept pluming. 11 18 a bitter pill to members of the Opposition who place party before country, that a measure so wise and conciliatory shouldhave =anat. ed from the present i3overnment. Their chagrin, however, will uot prevent those who approve of just and righteous laws, no matter from -which side of the House they come, from rejoicing in the good that is likely to come to that agitated aud discon- tented people. Extinct or Soare,e Buds, New York Tribune: "There are miler four eggs of the great auk now in this country,' says an oologist, "and they are valued at $500 each. It seems odd to think of a bird becoming extinct, but no one has seen a Labrador duck, either, since 1856. There are but five mounted spechnens in ex- istence, and none of eggs are in exist- ence. Kirtland's warbler is another bird that is rare. 'Until recently but seven had ever been daptured, and these all were folual in a region near Cleveland, O., less them a mile square. Specimens were worth $100 apiece. Bata little while ago a naturalist who chanced to visit, the Bahama, islands came upon a colony of the birds, and know- ing what a mine he had struck shot about twenty and took them to this country. When he began t unload, the story came out and the market sagged, so that now matt can get a Kirtland fax $5 or $6. The Con- necticut warbler is another bird of interest to oologists because no one has yet seen its eggs. It pesses up the Mississippi river in the early spring and probably mates far in the interior of 13ritish North America and eoes south iu the fall by way of the Atintic seaboard. If any one can find the nest of the little fellow with four eggs in it it will be $200 in his pocket." Bound by a Hair. Amy—" I don't see what attraction Sue finds in Mr. Dolley." Mabel—" Capillary attraction." Amy—" How's that ?" Mabel—" She's fascinated by his mus- tache." — It will will be interesting to note tho effect of Lord Salisbury's advice upon the represen- tatives of the Imperial Federation movemeat who waited upon tbe Premier the other day and urged him to convoke a conference of the colonies to consider the question of sc- enting to them a real and effective share in the privileges and responsibilities of the Empire. Practically the advice of We great statesman was that before bringing their colonial statesmen together from the four winds of heaven the leaders of the move - meet should frame some definite scheme to lay before them, should be prepared not only to state a problem but also to have a solution ready. Some say that this is something the Imperial Federationists will never attempt to do, that indeed it is not a part of their programme to frame plans, but that thciir aim is to cultivate a sentiment in order to strengthen existing ties. This object, how- ever, has never been admitted in so :owl y words bythose qualified TO speak for their este:Antes. MINING INTEHESINO GARAP,A,. An Aredalthu_1141perfritt;rvelailivo.New The main eelstentages of the (level °Kant of the mineral, of a country are embraced in the following pos sible royalty to the state, referred to ik a former letter; the industrial advent tages, ea the employment of labor; the es- tehliehroent of suck new industries as are oependeat on the oatmixt of mineral, like male, smelters, refiniug works, etc.; the in- ereeee of population attracted by the op portunities presente4 ; the buildiug up of 'sew towns or citiet, and the resultant 4411111as to geueral trade And prosperity; atol last, hut Certainly eat least, the creation of new capital, the direct product of the earth. The reeeeere of advantege or benefit to the country to be realized from the above, aside from the benefit whieh is accidental, (leterunned by the location of the milies), is dependent largely on the Available capi- tal, its source, and the enterprise of those holding and controlling it, also on the gen. eral business enterprise of the eitizeue wiio are located or may locate to take advantage of the opportunities presented, 01 prime importanee is the treatment of ores, it favoring the speedy development of the mines and economie proilnetion, oleo benefitting generalhusines very materially. The emotion of mills, sroeltere, refining works, etc., for the preparation of ores fur tnert.et„ and for the manufacture of by -pro - duets, not only does, all this, but is the actual creatiou of a new industry. There is largo field m Caoade, fur the piofitalle employment of capital in. thiadireetion. Coe might elaborate some other of the features. of advantage. Nothing draws population better than succeseful mining; and, when the field offers other resources, as, forinetauce,agriculture,themore rapid (level - opulent thereof followe. Oalifornia owes tta spleodid development &se to mining. Col. made. Moutena arid Idaho all have profited and are profiting, by the development. of their rich mines, and the consequene after. development of their other resources. That Nevada reaped little advantage lay way of general development from her brilliant min• ing success, was simply beeause she had no other resource—slie being a" laud of barren sena, the sege-bruelt and gold, blustering winds." British (Mumble has reaped much incidental benehe of this sore from her mew ing, and no doubt is destined to realizeimuch more. Aiello with the 'Memo of pepuletion, is the buildiug up of new towns or cities, as Wel centsea of mining dtstricte. The stimulus to trade in this way ie something not easily over-estiinated. But there ia ente feature Which is perhaps of tbe greatest importance of all, while its importance is doubtless realized the least. It is that failure touched upon briefly in a former letter—the CREATION or NEW CAPITAL by MUMIg. .the unportaut goestion ; where does that now capital go 1 The answer is t It goo to the home of the investors- to whom it belongs by virtue of ownership of the mince. 11 1110 original eapital weed in the puts - chase, development or working of the pro- perties, mites from England, the new capi- tal is drawn directly back there, in divit denda—prolits. The Sante would be true of any other eountry furnishing the ownership —capital ;—at (I, it is tree even of tbe wary city from winch sueh capital cemes,—the city in Whiell the investorlivea. The coun. try to which such new capital finds its way necessarily reaps inunense benefits there- from, and the city in which the investors live makes the moat of ench benefit. The investors by their increased capital become 'wealthy capitalists, and spend money more or less lavishly, and freely reinvest it, not to speak of their frequently making liberal donations and benefactions to public or charitable uses. This sorb of capital enters largely into the up -building of cities, 1101V and. old. Hardly a western city in the U. S. ie there that, does not afford illustration of this truth, or that does not find in this fact partial ex -planation of phenomenal growth. Some of these now inimng cities of course owe much of theirgrowth to theirloca- don, as centres of rich mining districts; but they all have been more or less advantaggd by the wealth coming to their citizens as ut- smestors. It simply follows from this reasoning that where mines are sufficiently rich to create raucluiew capital, it is to the best interest of the country in which the mines are located tofurntse time capital for development. The richer the mines, and the greater the profit there is likely to be in their development, the more advantageous it is to put up, the necessary capital to develop the properties. If this argument be sound, it is true that for a country blessed with exceedingly Hell minend deposits, from. which it would be detiralee to realize the greatest benefit, it becomes a question of import WITEIM IT 61LALL SECCRE ITs CAPITAL for the exploitation of such deposits. The richer these deposits, the greater will be the atnouut of created capital in proportion to The westward look ot the American the amonnt originally invested in the devel- citizen is not calculated to minister bo -his opment of the preperties. national pride, or at least, satisfaction ith This is simply an economic, argument, the way things are managed at Washington. touching the adventage to a country of its On the one hand he sees the Indians of the richest mineral deposits being exploited by republic in a state of chronic unrest, ready home capital, rather then that the expected apparently at any moment to take the war - new wealth be creamed by foreign investors. path On the other he sees the Indians of The writer has notlost sight of the fact that, the Dominion quietly and contentedly the great lack of new countries or districts pursuing their course, with no disposition is sufficient mental for the development of apparently to give their rulers trouble. No local resources. The following extract from doubt this difference in the temper and "']he ltlitieral Resources of British Cohan. conduct of these allied tribes is a result of bia," (a pamphlet published by the City of the differentpolicies pursued at Washington Vanconver, B. 0., 1889) illustrates at once and Ottawa, respectively. This truth ap- the opportunities held out for profitable in. pears to be pressing itself home upon a cer- vestments, and tee tempting calls made for tain section of the Anaeriean pgess, which capital to take advantage thereof :— is candidly allowing the superiority of the "It is a weekly occurrence to see miners Canadian system. • It, is humiliating," says come into the city from up -country points, the Detroit _Free Press, "that the most with specimens from some newly located staggering truths, told in the most eloquent metalliferous quartz Claim, hunting for way, concerningthe so-calledIndienproblem pecunious partners or purchasers. But for came from the intelligent leaders of the lack of ready capital. on the spot, and tor Indians themselves. They are scathing hi reasons before referred to, many genuine their arraignment of the Government for the and favorable chances go a -begging. These thousand of breaches of faith that have men should be able tofindpeople ready to =eked the Indian policy of the country for receive them with open arms, at a mining a century. The Canadians seem to have no centre like Vancouver, as they are willing trouble in dealing with the closely allied either to sell their claims or a controlling tribes on their side Of the border, and this interest in the same, at a srhall sum, or to seems to be simply because the Canadians bond their location. Capitalists who are ate just and. honest." So, too, the editor of willing to negotiate with them need not risk Our Day has some appreciative words for any money until they have sent their con- our rulers at Ottawa. Canada," says that fidential experte to the alleged claim ; and, reputable magazine, "surpasses the United after receiving rtreport, theyarefree either to States in her treatment of the Indians. The accept or reject the offer, according to their policy which provides for effacetion, settle. investigator s advice, and perhaps secure for meat on farms, 1115U -imam in agrieulture, a few thousand dollars, mining property home building, stock raising, and an ad, which, except under prevailing circum. vance towards citizenship, has been carried stance, might not be in the market below a mut, with pronounced success .among them; quarter of a million. and our friends over the border deserve "Here now is the chance for POItEIGic cordial congratulations for what they have (Lerma to step in, and, by the formation of accoMplished." Certainly Canadians have prospecting ancl locating companies to reap reason to be gratified, as indeed they arc a laountifid harvest iA return for their en- eratified at ihe success that has attended terprise." the policy of our rulers in dealing with these ' The merits of the opportunity ii.bove pro- aboriginal tribes ; nevertheless they art sented it is not within the provnice of this quite willing to anew the authorities al letter. . to discuss ; but assuming that tho Washington to take a leaf out of their bo situation is all that is claimed for it, cold to take the whole book if they not something hefter he done than to offer i Am a contemporary remarks, "0 to outside capitruli as propesed? If foreign not patentetLift capital were abaolutely necessary to the pro- per development of horue resources, it would seem the part of wisdom to seek it rather for such fields of investment as yield only the usual fair returns, and to reserve for home such iovestments as are, whet) pro- fitable at ail, Aladdin -like in them power to create tcetath. itis true, of course, that some mining enterprises are not creative of wealth to a greater eIttent than characterizes ordinary enterprises. It May be held true, too, that mining sometimes is mere problematic of re- sults than are the latter. But the argument is intended ro apply only to such mining enterprises as axe -more promisiog of ueusual profits, while not more riskful. Prom a. seIfisn Welt of view, there eau be no objection to foreign capttal monopolizing such mining ventures as offer at the beat only a fair per-ceotage of profit, while =Ty- ing the iisks inchlental re all veutures (vm, mismanagementonal-manipulatioo, But there is roiniug of amother sort, and it is suppotedly such that is offered above by the British Colutobians, mhaing which for the investmeut of hundreds offers thou - nude. But how, it may be asked, can such oppor- tunities exist? They are simply the result of 4 COO(litfOli things that doeshappen 'Coexist. It is simply a matter of supply and demand. The calm IS similar to that which presents the euomaly of Western banks refusing leans at 12 per cent., at a time when Eastern bankers are eager to put MID funds at five Per cent.; anml this being tree while the e:ecnrity to the former case actually is the hest, if anything, because af the Weltona banker haviog the lerger tote for selection of loans. The more mileveloped a mining district, and the more it lacks and needs capital for develop. 180211, the greater the disparity between the number of properties for sale and of the bayera seeking them ; and the cheaper. coo - AN INN STZAMER, ON PME. Excittno Scenes 14 Iltd-Attantk. The Inman Lite steamer Clq of Rich - mood, from New York, witla SOO prozongeee and a general cargo, arrived at Queenstown on Sunday with her cargo on fire, the cotton of which she had a, large number of bales in the forehohl, having been found ignited in an unaccountable way at 12.30 A. U. on the 10th inst, in the midst of a strong gale. The fire was so great that the interineds hoe and steerage passengers bad to be ac- eoairnodated in the saloon, and it was found advisable to dowel the Cunsid steamer Servia, which remained byher far three days fearing that the fire might extend, and that it naltdit become necessary to abandon her, A saloon passenger who landed nt Queeustown 'States that a lady passenger 10 the night was awakened by the INTENSITY CP VIE ILEAT in her stateroom, and by fumes of smoke. She immediately called a steward and in. formed him, aud theeeitt of there was traced to the forehold. On the batch being taken off long tongues of flame shot up, and denso volumes of smoke also arose. Mee crew en- deavoured to get at the burning bales of cotton, but the men were almost suffocated. Meouwhile water was being poured on the herding mass. Captain Ledford being noit aware of the serious nature of the outbreak" ordered all the paesengers tole° aroused and brought on deck. This was done without uedoly alarming them, and in short time the eorridors were filled with groups Of Men and women, 8018001 the latter praying and weepiug, There was, however, no portico Ou reaching the deck the erew were found makiug preparations for launching the boats, while the stewards were bringing up sufficient provisions to loot each passenger eh; days. IT WAS A FEARFUL mom', eri",eutlY, " the Prfipet44 rtn$,,4r°"_, tua 8°1d• muth t seas were sweeping across e (lecke. ta° more "mite" ° i4eiriana °QM' The narrator, a Catholic clergyman, said Tiered to the supply, the more particular of he believed if it had become oeceeriary to choice may be the purchaser. Thus it may leave the ship that night it would scarcely happen that the niedy "prospector" must have been. possible for the boats to have sinnetinies lot go for thQ"artC4) 4 escaped beaug swamped. As Soon as seven may be, what he confidently believes te be or eight burning bales had been thrown the rich bonanza, el the future. Where there twerbOarmi the hatchway was covered, and is large range of choice, the buyer naturally teem was injected among the cotton. The keeps well to the "safe side," and .gives pleve were also gept, pig% to vas the IMmelf the fullest benefit of max e31,sti,nfi water which was being poured on the Are deubt, 1n the event of the minejustifying out of tr. he hold. The suspense ti. tnight its promise—proving to be as rich aa was terrible, but the pateaeogers bare up expected—thin margin which the haYeo hes splendidly, Wei being cheered by the encourag- allowed himself for doubt 18 iteelf, it may wgt- be, a fortme. worth; of the captain and officers that allewould yet be well. It was not until Take from British Columbia, experience 11,20 a. m. next day that a vessel was an instance of properties becoming valuable sighted in mime, to the signals of dis. whioh 01100 'melt have been b°°Sht far teem She bore down on the City of very little, The writer has no ineansofolo Richmond, and pro, ed to be the British tannegexact atatisticaregarrling the "Sflver steamer Counsellor, bound 10 Liverpool King" mine, near, Netson, B. 0.; but, from Dow approximate statistics are available. There Orleans. The captain it was thought, was dying of fever, but die officer appears to be enohgh ore " in sight" to matte in charge agreed to stand by aud lie to the In'Ote °I nOinng it a PwsIble milli". until the following night, when the Cunard And there is abundant promise that many eteamer Servia hove in eight, and the Coen - millions morn may be taken out before the eellor then left Rockets were sent up and mine will be exhausted. 11 18 probably safe coloured fires burnt until t he att ention of the to say that there never was a day since the Servia was attracted. She came up, arta did ficst d°"1°Iment or the mine that there not leave the City of Richmond until after was not enough ore in sight to absolutely Browheed had been peeled. The day ofter warrant returns for every dollar so far ex- meeting the Servia the Inman steamer City pended upon it, with a strong probability of of Paris, from Queenstown to Liverpool, mui ultimete profit of 5 huudred or more for eaum up, „d every ono put in. Now, were it not well for home capital to have secured such a treasure -house of wealth as this mine promises to become? Or, would it not have been well that Immo capital had made the small investment necessary to lis.ue secured so large a prize? In other words, is it wise to welcome so small investments of foreigu capital, where it must needs be re- couped, and must draw after it htuareds or thousands per cent in the shape of the mineral wealth of the country? It were better, I submit, that this wealth wore kept at home, even at the risk of the development of the mines being delayed for years for want of capital. Wbother it be practicable to attain such results is a ques- tion that deserves fuller treatment later. It is true, too, that the Silver King is a rare and exceptional mine; but there cer- tainly are scores of mining claims in the Kootenn,y and elsewhere that will illustrate the position taken, though in a less degree. But even granting all that is here urged, the suggested advantage comes through the action ofinclivitiuds, rather than by govern- taental action. The good to the community as a whole, which we have been considering, is likely to come to it, if at all, by indirect and almost accidental means; it being an community question if it can be drawn to 11 by action. And so, even if the argument be full granted, and 11 11 be ad- mitted that the possibility of thebenefit ex- ist, it still depends on individual action if that benefit shall be realized. What the risks and uncertainties involved in mining, and in what measure mining is a Lottery or is legitimate, and whether it has a safer and a brighter future than its past, these are points best reserved for another letter. W. H. LTIZOTI. " Our Plan is Not Patented." AMR. A CONSULTATION between the captain's of the three sttaniers, it was decided that the City of Paris should resume her voyage, and the Sonde, should accompany the City of Richmond to the Irish coast. Meanwhile the interinediate and steerage passengers had been removed to the saloon and made comfortable. The passengers pity a high tribute to the vigilance and energy of the captain, officers, and crew. To the captain and officers an ad- dress of praase and thanks was presented, stud OSO were subscribed by the saloon passengers for distribution among the men who bad particularly distinguished them- selves. The other passengers also raised a handsome sum for the same purpose. The Irish coast was sighted at daylight on Sun- day, and the steamer proceeded an her way to Liverpool. NO OAR TRAM IN LONDON. --- Eitreet,Cars Are Not Needed, a-nd There are Ale Surface Halls. There are no street cars run by the trolley storage or any other electric system; no cable cars, no horse oars; not a track laid for a surface road in the city proper. a any Americans leave London without ever see- ing a street car of any 'kind, and yet in the metropolis 1000 street cars run daily over 120 miles of track, but they are not permit- teli in crowded thoroughfares'they are confined to the outlying districts. I have only seen them in the East End. The street cars are "double deckers," and, like the 'buses, they carry more outside than inside passengers, but the number of passen- gers is limited. When the car has reached its - limit it will take up no more passengers. Every passenger 'has the right to a seat, and, to use a paradoxical phrase, every Englishman stands up for his right to a seat. Street oars are not needed in the city. Nearly all London streets are in as good condition for driving as our Central Park roads. There are 8000 hansoms, 4003 four- wheelers, and 2000 omnibuses, so that you are not obliged to walk on aceount of the absence of cars. The four -wheeled cabs or "growlers,"as they term them, are dilapi- dated, uncomfortable vehicles, which lack new springs and are dirty both inside and oub. The horses and the drivers ere old and supere,nuated ; they have all seen better days in private carriages or hansom cabs. You never take a fonr-wheeler if you ere alone or if the party consists of only twd - persons. Yon must engage one if you have a trunk, but if you are gonigto catch a train or boat you had betterallow a half hour's margin. The London cab service is the best and cheapest an the world, The writer says this, notwithstanding that he remembers that you can hire a cab in Key West for a clime. Bob such cabs and such horses 1 The fore in a hansom for a two-mile drive 18 080 shilling (tweaty-five cents); by the hour, two and. OA (sixty-two 'cents). There are no such smart .horses foe public hire anywhere as the London cab horses. They go like the wind if by the course,and they gr at a similar gait by the hour if you promist, an ektre sixpence. The formation of the great Central Euro- pean Customs League, including Germany, Austria, Italy, and Switzerland, is an ac complithed feat, and is bound to greatly affect the commerce of the world. A servant girl visited the Zoological gar- dens at Frankfort and, unseen by enyone, took off her clothing and 'm ed into the bear's pre Her man Lath c pit the 1