The Exeter Times, 1891-7-16, Page 7AGRIQULTURAL
2.6,11XtliG 4.$ A. VO6ATIOX.
it) Itertitexas Intitgater.
Man builds his eastlee fair at Idebe
Virberever river retinal% by:,
Great cities rise in every land.
Great churches show the builder's baud,
Great arche, monuments and towers,
Fair palace:send pleas ng bowere.•
Great peek is dome be it here or them
Arid wett. WW1 WOrketh everywheee,
But fall to each wbat e'er WW1,
The farmer, he mast feed them all -
The oceupations pursued by man are
numberless and vary greatly in importance,
front those scarcely worth notice to others
which area the whole world.
One a the meet impoetant vocations, end
one which aboutheti a the people &BOW,
de farming. It is one of the first employ -
melds that man pursued and all the way
through the budding up of the nations it
hes fio_eured as one of theleadiug pursuits of
Man. In the preeeut day farming has at
-
tabled, a higher state of perfection than at
oosany previous time, and offers mere in-
skicerneate to those who are seeking a
titaness. Perhapa the chief advantages
which the farmera of to -day enjoy over any
preview time are the greatly improve
tools with which they work and
the better facilities for transperting their
products to the world's markets. The int-
provements in implements are nuked such
its to so enppleineut the work of his hands
as to maltiply hi producte many times, and
to elevate much of his werh from mere
drudgery to the intelligent operation a
nutehieeTy while in our wonderful steam
of raikoada he has an expansion of his mar.
ket front the narrow loonuleriea el his own,
neighborhood to the Meat remote corners of
the globe. These changed conditions make
neeeSSM7 at higher ietelligence, and a broad-
er colture on the part of the farmer. 'Pito
county is overstocked with eceendsrote
femora, thew who exerciae no thought as
to the best methede of preparing the Soil sa
it willyteld the most 'laying crop ; therm
who know little and care lesa about the con-
dition of Om, great marketa and tioe probable
retie
of supply and demand; thoozi who never
do auything new, but continne in the dull
thoughtless routine of their fathers. hieny
people suppose that anyone eati farm with.
out having any knowledge whatever of the
science and art, and be aucceeaful itt. it, but
thie iii a grievous. mistake.
Right here 1 the ehief reaoon for the IOW
esteem in which the farmer laaa alwa.ys been
held. For many years he lute had little or
uo voice in the affoira of goverment. He
has permitted othera to represent hint, or
mierepresenthi,n1 until, of alt Professions.
is the most neglected.. The tide has at
lest turned, and watt more attention to his
own culture, the fanner may aeon fine him.
reveted by all elatises„ and wielding
au inguonco second to that of no other:mem-
ber of wieldy. But a short time ago an
Agricultural department vete added to the ex.
motive branch of our government, seat pre-
Eea theferaier, hie products, and. welfare are
recognised to a greater extent than ever be-
fore. In mony of the states agricultural
colleges have been founded for the purpoto
of expeehneutal Arming and instruction in
the mechanical arte, In mant, of the state
they have prospered and have been. o source
of benefit to the farming community, but too
often theao institutions have been transform-
ed into anything but agricultural colleges.
This hes been true, to a great extent, in oirr
state, tvhere the agriculture' college has
) utilized for the education of Specialists
in the various scienceas while the subject of
agriculture has received very little attention,
and the number that has gone front the col-
lege to the farm is in the ininority. Thus,
those that by their influence should be an
aid to the farming community, too often
foltow other vocations.
he farmer has many advantages that the
cit.*- residene knows nothing of; one of these
is jthe a.bundauce ofpure air; another,
the pleasure of a quiet life, and surely
there is no bett 12 place than the farm for
tbe opportunity of making a model home—
a home with Reiman tiful resideuce surround-
ed by. flowers and fruits, with its well kept
leWee—a heine where tiro ininatea are edu-
cated and cultured people, free from the
frivolities of fashionable society. Such a
home, together with its fields of waving
grain, its flocks and herds, \meld surely be
almost an earthly paradise, aud would be
enough to tempt people from the dusty and
dingy streets of the crowded cities. But the
actual, in the majority of cases, is not so in-
viting as the possiblc, and too often the
i
country home s only a boarding pieceiwith
no recreation or books of any kind, and the
work a constant humdrinn,which the child
on gladly leave to pursue almost anything
else.
This business that might be the priuce
of vocatioas, giving full scope to all the
higher intellectual and moral powers of man,
must indeed be made such. When that
glad an.y shall come, no farmer's boy or girl
will be foiled turning away from the wealth
and freedom of the farm to live in shop or
factory. Speed the day when farming may
be what it ought to be everywhere—the
most honored and sought among the von, -
tions of men.
Farm Mortgages.
The Census Bareem has b en formulating
the land mortgage debt statistics of the
country so as to arrive at the relative con-
elitions of the farraers. We have just re-
ceived a bulletin from the Bureau containing
figures in which the land morgage indebted-
ness in Iowa is contrasted with that in Ala.
barna. From it we derive some interesting
figures.
In Alabama the total mortgage indebted-
ness on lands is $39,027,983, of which about
three-fourths is on farms and one -fourths on
town lots.
In Iowa the total debt upon land la $199,-
''''l031,956, three-quarters of which is on farm
' ands and the other one-fourth on town
os.
The average life of mortgages in Alabama
is from 2i to 3i, years, while in Iowa it is
over 5 years. The legal rate of interest in
Alabema is 8 per cent, while in Iowa it 'is
10 per cont.
This is a showing vastly in favor of the
farmers of Alabama, and we believe the
setae rule will apply to all the agrieultural
States of the South and the West.
Gtrattberry Plants in StIllittet
Amateurs etarting, new - plahtations of
etrawberries for horae use, if planted the
past epeing, will need only to direct the new
mutters along in line with the plamtedrows,
se that for a wiclth of eighteen inches or so,
the whole ground gets uniformly filled with
plants six rnehes to a foot apart.
Beds kat eel this shape are more easily
managed, ad givegreater crops than in any
other style known. To grow them on the
eingle plant o hill system, keeping all the
rneners eue off, will, provided they are pro-
perly preteeted in winter, perhaps produce
the largeet berries, but the row systein, if
they antriet allowed to mat too Mitch to-
gettar, will bring stemberries large enough
to sti. eg bat- trese 1 a fastidious taste.
When allowed, to row the greater abundance
ef foliage gives them ueture's protection,
their own leaves, which witl,. a very little
adeed •suffices to secure them, agaansb the
worst winters in any part a the •country.
Auother thing, a renewal of the plantation
at least every third year prefereade—every
seeond year, except with veryelean culture,
is most setisfact,ory. So those who waut to
be sure of 4 good supply will ueed to replant
a half or one-thial et the area each year,
selecting new ground mich time.
The beet way of all to swage youog plants
is to sink emelt flower pot into the ground,
lay a mow on, the pot, feateninginposition
by a peg or done until rooted, and when the
roots have filled the pot cut from old plaut,
and the new one is ready to &rain a new
position.
Plants grown this way eau easily be made
to protium a good erop of fruit by, next sim-
mer, and is worth considering by new be.
ginnere.—(Prairie Farmer.
?fatbt eooltry,
Financial men will tell you that the row"
to wealth is reached not by what yon ,nake
but by whet you aloe, " kleonomy is
wealth." Econoroy is not a saving in the
frying pan to spill lute the fire --it is the
curtailing of ail expense. In the poultry
businessit means malty itetuo. Let on hast-
ily rum over some of them:
etess, 1—Rousing. Poorly constructed
houses are dear at any price. It Is false
etomotny to put on a cheap roof that will
lest a year or two when good roofing wordd
last ten years. It is false evonomy to use
the pooreat kind of lumber when good beanie
will not have melte and knotholes to letin
dratighta of air, thus preveuting colds and
roup. It is not ueceseary, however, to have
cornices and gothie work, and rich erne -
mentations. Plain, but good lumber, coat-
ed with good paint, will make a serviceable
house, and one of whieh Biddy can well feel
proud.
Item 9,—Srock, It in a waste of money to
have mengrela when thereughbreda, rightly
bandied, give better returnA thorough-
bred fowl is dirt cheap at one or two dollars,
while& eerub lieu is well paid for at fifty
cents. Motley can be made with pure breds
a lottery with dung hills,
Item 3—Reed. It is poor economy to feed
cheap grains. :kinsty feed will never make
egg.) or healthy etvelo Money is saved by
ming only the best. It is saving in the
wrong woy to eebat the fowls. Civet them
all they will eat up clean. Half marred hens
never lay well ; they never bring much i
the markets.
So let all the operations be, and, if the
owner is not a spendthrift, and is not a
drone, and intelligent enough to know how
the market prices run, and mindful of all
the ernall Wogs, be will succeed. Make
money by saving it, but do not be etingy.
Cate °Mies:mud Lembo.
It frequently happens in the apring that
no or more lambs ni the neck aro orphan-
ed from aome cense or other, and rather
than permit, them to perish we have them
brought to the liOnSe and raise them by
hand. Sometimes a ewe Wince to own her
lamb, another will Appear to think all the
world of her offspriog but, will be unable to
furnish a drop of milk for its subsistence,
while a third perhaps dies, leaving her
little ono helplese and miserable. lf tho
lamb is healthy when it is brought ir it is
always ravenously hungry, and before wo
learned the danger of overfeeding we lost
one or two trying to satisfy their appetite.
The Ord meal of cow's milk given to a
lamb should be not more than one-fourth
ot a gill, which quantity may be gradually
inerettsed to half a pint given every two
hours when the lamb is ono week old. This
is enough for a large, healthy lamb ; a
small, delicate one ehoulki have elm less.
When very young, the Iambs are liable
to be troubled with scours, in which case
the milk should be boiled for ono or two
meals. If the opposite tendency is observ-
ed, a little white sugar or molasses pet in
the milk with generally prove a corrective;
when it does not, however, a teaspoonful of
castor oil should be given in the milk as
is considered necessary. The milk must be
perfeetly uecessary. The milk must be per-
fectly sweet, es fresh as possible, and slight-
ly warmed.
After two weeks the interval between
feeding should be gradually lengthened, and
the quantity of milk increased, as a robust
lamb at the age of two months can take
with impunity one and a half pinta three
times a day, and when three months old I
this quantity twice a day le sufficient When
the lamb m e few weeks old, if milk is scarce
half the quantity advised may be given,
mixed -with the same atnouat of well -cooked
gruel made of fine corn meal or oat meal;
and when this is done, in order to keep the
lamb's digestion in good order, add to its
food a tablespoonful of flax seed jelly once
daily. The jelly is madeby boiling fax seed
in eight times its bulk of water for twenty
minutes.
If the weather is very cold when the lamb is
brought in we keep it for a few days in a box
in the back kitchen, where a big wood lire
burnsdaya,ndnight. Here itlies andsleeps on
the clean straw covered with an old blanket,
only awakening at its regular feeding times,
when it begins a piteous and plaintive bleat
that stops only when its hunger is appeased.
It is not long, though, until the little fellow
learns to jump out of his box and then he
goes frisking about, poking his little inquisi-
tive nose into everything, searching for some-
thing to eat. Then, lest he run into the
fire, I have to banish him to an outhouse, or
on bright, sunny days to the garden where
lie soon learns to nibble the rose bushes and
tender shrubs in the dainty manner peculiar
to sheep. Tbis is one trouble with pet lambs,
they begin to eat entirely too early, filling
their stomachs with food they cannot digest.
To obviate this to some extent, we continue
to feed the lambs milk oftener anti for a lon-
ger period than would otherwise be 'absolute-
ly necessary. They are greedy little animals,
and when allowed to come about the yard
and kitchen rapidly. acquire taste for all
sorts of things.
When I first bean raising pet lambs I
used to feed them froin the bottle, which
wag a groat deal of trOnble. now I use the.
bottle and rubber only lor a few days
atfirst, and then I teach the lamb to drink
by pouring the milk into a shallow pan and
letting the lamb take one finger in its
month, slowly immersing my hand in
the milk until it is able to draw a little into
its mouth. At first the little fellow istsure that
he gets milk from the end Of my finger, but
he soon learns better; and dispensing- with
my,finger altogether, he plunges his eager
mouth down into the pan of milk, and after
lunging about awhile, feeling for something
to take hold of, and half strangling himself,
he settles down, to business, and the milk
disappears in a marvelously ehort space of
thee. I do not know that there is any real,
profit in raising lambs by hand. The milk:
they Consume and the time required for car-
ing for them are doubtless worth more than
the lambe themselves; still, rather than see
them ' die, we always -take them for pets. •
They make the most gentle and most in-
teresting pets in the world, and we soorabe.
come so attached to them that the work of
attending to there seen becomes a pleasure.
They ere grateful, too, and repey oar care
with suck quick interest, grow so fast and
keep so healthy, that it seems but a little
while they need feeding so often,
•
His Garrulous Wife.
"Samantha.", grambied Mr. Chugwater,
fumbling in one of the bureau drawers, rd.
like to know where, in the name of com-
mon sense, you keep my seeks."
" Whee pair do you want, Josiah ?" in -
liked Mas, Chngweter.
"Any pair, if they are only mates.
Iferee au odd gray sock antl an odd bleat
one, and down l•ere in the corner is an old
pair of last sumo -tee.* socks, with holes in
the toes, 1 don% see why my things can't
be kept, in order, the mune as other men'.'
"11 you had only told !nee-
" Told you Have 1 got to run to you,
Mrs. ttliegweter, for every little thing I
want? is that your idea almtit the way to
carry on the lion mbold business? If you'd
just take trouble enough to pile thiugs in
here so 1 ean ffiel 'em when I want '4111 it
would marc me lots of bother."
".kriali, if you will let me "--
" Now, there's no use in getting excited
about this thing. If you kuow where I can
,et a pair of halfway decent soelts just say
so, and. hunt 'Om up, and if you don't
know and will have the kindness to put the
fact. in plain English 111 go Oat and buy a
pair. That'sall."
If you bean% tumbled these things ell
out of shape, Joeirth"--
" Turohled them out of thew, hove I?
Whatht a burveit drawer for, anyway 1 is it
to hide things in, madam? itt don't find
what 1 waut an top haven't I got to look
down under, I'd like to know ? Any wont -
an that will peek and jam a bureau &ewer
full of things, and arrenge them SO you've
Nitta dig and glow all through the whole
minces to get what you're etter and then
don't get, ite hasn't got the right idee About
arranging a Mall's haberdashery. If you
know where my suety are, Mrs. Cingtwator,
why don't you say so, instead of etanding
around like a stoughton bottle mad doing
othing ?"
1(1 coal have found them for you in
minute end owed you all this trouble if yon
had given me a chance,' said Mrs. Chug -
water, as she atraightened out the tangle in
the drawer and brought to view from 400 of
the bottom cornera five ptirs of clean seeks.
"When yon want anything of this kind
hereafter, Josioli, if you'll just let me
know" --
"'rhe trouble with you, Sainenthal"
growled ',11r. Chugwator, as hejerked a pate
trout the top of the pile and went off to one
corner to put them on, "is that you talk
tee much.
The Irish, Land Purohme
By a majority of 120, With 321 members
present, the Irish Land Purchase bill has
passed, the British House of Commons. If
the testimony of Mr Parnell is of any indite
in this connection the measure is a. boon and
a great one to the Irish people. The exa
leader of the Irish party is credited with
saying recently that" if properly worked
by the Law Conunission and by the Irish
Goverment the 4\ot would do mare good to
Irelandand the Irish people than auy mea.
sure that hall over proceeded from the Im-
perial Parliament. The eenditet of the bill
on the House reflects greet credit upon Mr.
Balfour as a master of Waite:is and debate.
One who has carefully studied the measure
and is competent to givejudgment without
characterizes it as the mos tlitli snit and com-
plicated income ever framed, and asserts
that in any but the ablest hands it would
have gone to wreck on any one of a dozen
points. The measure, it is predicted, will
be the death stroke to tbe came of Home
Rule since it cannot fail to quiet Irish dis-
content and that menus the taking away of
the fuel by which the fire of the Home Role
agitation was kept pluming. 11 18 a bitter
pill to members of the Opposition who
place party before country, that a measure
so wise and conciliatory shouldhave =anat.
ed from the present i3overnment. Their
chagrin, however, will uot prevent those
who approve of just and righteous laws, no
matter from -which side of the House they
come, from rejoicing in the good that is
likely to come to that agitated aud discon-
tented people.
Extinct or Soare,e Buds,
New York Tribune: "There are miler
four eggs of the great auk now in this
country,' says an oologist, "and they are
valued at $500 each. It seems odd to think
of a bird becoming extinct, but no one has
seen a Labrador duck, either, since 1856.
There are but five mounted spechnens in ex-
istence, and none of eggs are in exist-
ence. Kirtland's warbler is another bird
that is rare. 'Until recently but seven had
ever been daptured, and these all were folual
in a region near Cleveland, O., less them a
mile square. Specimens were worth $100
apiece. Bata little while ago a naturalist
who chanced to visit, the Bahama, islands
came upon a colony of the birds, and know-
ing what a mine he had struck shot about
twenty and took them to this country.
When he began t unload, the story came
out and the market sagged, so that now matt
can get a Kirtland fax $5 or $6. The Con-
necticut warbler is another bird of interest
to oologists because no one has yet seen its
eggs. It pesses up the Mississippi river in
the early spring and probably mates far in
the interior of 13ritish North America and
eoes south iu the fall by way of the Atintic
seaboard. If any one can find the nest of
the little fellow with four eggs in it it will
be $200 in his pocket."
Bound by a Hair.
Amy—" I don't see what attraction Sue
finds in Mr. Dolley."
Mabel—" Capillary attraction."
Amy—" How's that ?"
Mabel—" She's fascinated by his mus-
tache."
— It will will be interesting to note tho effect of
Lord Salisbury's advice upon the represen-
tatives of the Imperial Federation movemeat
who waited upon tbe Premier the other day
and urged him to convoke a conference of
the colonies to consider the question of sc-
enting to them a real and effective share in
the privileges and responsibilities of the
Empire. Practically the advice of We great
statesman was that before bringing their
colonial statesmen together from the four
winds of heaven the leaders of the move -
meet should frame some definite scheme to
lay before them, should be prepared not only
to state a problem but also to have a solution
ready. Some say that this is something the
Imperial Federationists will never attempt
to do, that indeed it is not a part of their
programme to frame plans, but that thciir
aim is to cultivate a sentiment in order to
strengthen existing ties. This object, how-
ever, has never been admitted in so :owl y
words bythose qualified TO speak for their
este:Antes.
MINING INTEHESINO GARAP,A,.
An Aredalthu_1141perfritt;rvelailivo.New
The main eelstentages of the (level
°Kant of the mineral, of a country
are embraced in the following pos
sible royalty to the state, referred to
ik a former letter; the industrial advent
tages, ea the employment of labor; the es-
tehliehroent of suck new industries as are
oependeat on the oatmixt of mineral, like
male, smelters, refiniug works, etc.; the in-
ereeee of population attracted by the op
portunities presente4 ; the buildiug up of
'sew towns or citiet, and the resultant
4411111as to geueral trade And prosperity;
atol last, hut Certainly eat least, the creation
of new capital, the direct product of the
earth.
The reeeeere of advantege or benefit to
the country to be realized from the above,
aside from the benefit whieh is accidental,
(leterunned by the location of the milies),
is dependent largely on the Available capi-
tal, its source, and the enterprise of those
holding and controlling it, also on the gen.
eral business enterprise of the eitizeue wiio
are located or may locate to take advantage
of the opportunities presented,
01 prime importanee is the treatment of
ores, it favoring the speedy development of
the mines and economie proilnetion, oleo
benefitting generalhusines very materially.
The emotion of mills, sroeltere, refining
works, etc., for the preparation of ores fur
tnert.et„ and for the manufacture of by -pro -
duets, not only does, all this, but is the
actual creatiou of a new industry. There is
largo field m Caoade, fur the piofitalle
employment of capital in. thiadireetion.
Coe might elaborate some other of the
features. of advantage. Nothing draws
population better than succeseful mining;
and, when the field offers other resources, as,
forinetauce,agriculture,themore rapid (level -
opulent thereof followe. Oalifornia owes tta
spleodid development &se to mining. Col.
made. Moutena arid Idaho all have profited
and are profiting, by the development. of
their rich mines, and the consequene after.
development of their other resources. That
Nevada reaped little advantage lay way of
general development from her brilliant min•
ing success, was simply beeause she had no
other resource—slie being a" laud of barren
sena, the sege-bruelt and gold, blustering
winds." British (Mumble has reaped much
incidental benehe of this sore from her mew
ing, and no doubt is destined to realizeimuch
more.
Aiello with the 'Memo of pepuletion, is
the buildiug up of new towns or cities, as
Wel centsea of mining dtstricte. The
stimulus to trade in this way ie something
not easily over-estiinated.
But there ia ente feature Which is perhaps
of tbe greatest importance of all, while its
importance is doubtless realized the least.
It is that failure touched upon briefly in a
former letter—the
CREATION or NEW CAPITAL
by MUMIg. .the unportaut goestion ;
where does that now capital go 1 The answer
is t It goo to the home of the investors- to
whom it belongs by virtue of ownership of
the mince.
11 1110 original eapital weed in the puts -
chase, development or working of the pro-
perties, mites from England, the new capi-
tal is drawn directly back there, in divit
denda—prolits. The Sante would be true of
any other eountry furnishing the ownership
—capital ;—at (I, it is tree even of tbe wary
city from winch sueh capital cemes,—the
city in Whiell the investorlivea. The coun.
try to which such new capital finds its way
necessarily reaps inunense benefits there-
from, and the city in which the investors
live makes the moat of ench benefit. The
investors by their increased capital become
'wealthy capitalists, and spend money more
or less lavishly, and freely reinvest it, not
to speak of their frequently making liberal
donations and benefactions to public or
charitable uses. This sorb of capital enters
largely into the up -building of cities, 1101V
and. old. Hardly a western city in the U.
S. ie there that, does not afford illustration
of this truth, or that does not find in this
fact partial ex -planation of phenomenal
growth. Some of these now inimng cities of
course owe much of theirgrowth to theirloca-
don, as centres of rich mining districts; but
they all have been more or less advantaggd
by the wealth coming to their citizens as ut-
smestors.
It simply follows from this reasoning that
where mines are sufficiently rich to create
raucluiew capital, it is to the best interest of
the country in which the mines are located
tofurntse time capital for development. The
richer the mines, and the greater the profit
there is likely to be in their development,
the more advantageous it is to put up, the
necessary capital to develop the properties.
If this argument be sound, it is true that
for a country blessed with exceedingly Hell
minend deposits, from. which it would be
detiralee to realize the greatest benefit, it
becomes a question of import
WITEIM IT 61LALL SECCRE ITs CAPITAL
for the exploitation of such deposits. The
richer these deposits, the greater will be the
atnouut of created capital in proportion to The westward look ot the American
the amonnt originally invested in the devel- citizen is not calculated to minister bo -his
opment of the preperties. national pride, or at least, satisfaction ith
This is simply an economic, argument, the way things are managed at Washington.
touching the adventage to a country of its On the one hand he sees the Indians of the
richest mineral deposits being exploited by republic in a state of chronic unrest, ready
home capital, rather then that the expected apparently at any moment to take the war -
new wealth be creamed by foreign investors. path On the other he sees the Indians of
The writer has notlost sight of the fact that, the Dominion quietly and contentedly
the great lack of new countries or districts pursuing their course, with no disposition
is sufficient mental for the development of apparently to give their rulers trouble. No
local resources. The following extract from doubt this difference in the temper and
"']he ltlitieral Resources of British Cohan. conduct of these allied tribes is a result of
bia," (a pamphlet published by the City of the differentpolicies pursued at Washington
Vanconver, B. 0., 1889) illustrates at once and Ottawa, respectively. This truth ap-
the opportunities held out for profitable in. pears to be pressing itself home upon a cer-
vestments, and tee tempting calls made for tain section of the Anaeriean pgess, which
capital to take advantage thereof :— is candidly allowing the superiority of the
"It is a weekly occurrence to see miners Canadian system. • It, is humiliating," says
come into the city from up -country points, the Detroit _Free Press, "that the most
with specimens from some newly located staggering truths, told in the most eloquent
metalliferous quartz Claim, hunting for way, concerningthe so-calledIndienproblem
pecunious partners or purchasers. But for came from the intelligent leaders of the
lack of ready capital. on the spot, and tor Indians themselves. They are scathing hi
reasons before referred to, many genuine their arraignment of the Government for the
and favorable chances go a -begging. These thousand of breaches of faith that have
men should be able tofindpeople ready to =eked the Indian policy of the country for
receive them with open arms, at a mining a century. The Canadians seem to have no
centre like Vancouver, as they are willing trouble in dealing with the closely allied
either to sell their claims or a controlling tribes on their side Of the border, and this
interest in the same, at a srhall sum, or to seems to be simply because the Canadians
bond their location. Capitalists who are ate just and. honest." So, too, the editor of
willing to negotiate with them need not risk Our Day has some appreciative words for
any money until they have sent their con- our rulers at Ottawa. Canada," says that
fidential experte to the alleged claim ; and, reputable magazine, "surpasses the United
after receiving rtreport, theyarefree either to States in her treatment of the Indians. The
accept or reject the offer, according to their policy which provides for effacetion, settle.
investigator s advice, and perhaps secure for meat on farms, 1115U -imam in agrieulture,
a few thousand dollars, mining property home building, stock raising, and an ad,
which, except under prevailing circum. vance towards citizenship, has been carried
stance, might not be in the market below a mut, with pronounced success .among them;
quarter of a million. and our friends over the border deserve
"Here now is the chance for POItEIGic cordial congratulations for what they have
(Lerma to step in, and, by the formation of accoMplished." Certainly Canadians have
prospecting ancl locating companies to reap reason to be gratified, as indeed they arc
a laountifid harvest iA return for their en- eratified at ihe success that has attended
terprise." the policy of our rulers in dealing with these
' The merits of the opportunity ii.bove pro- aboriginal tribes ; nevertheless they art
sented it is not within the provnice of this quite willing to anew the authorities al
letter. . to discuss ; but assuming that tho Washington to take a leaf out of their bo
situation is all that is claimed for it, cold to take the whole book if they
not something hefter he done than to offer i Am a contemporary remarks, "0
to outside capitruli as propesed? If foreign not patentetLift
capital were abaolutely necessary to the pro-
per development of horue resources, it
would seem the part of wisdom to seek it
rather for such fields of investment as yield
only the usual fair returns, and to reserve
for home such iovestments as are, whet) pro-
fitable at ail, Aladdin -like in them power to
create tcetath.
itis true, of course, that some mining
enterprises are not creative of wealth to a
greater eIttent than characterizes ordinary
enterprises. It May be held true, too, that
mining sometimes is mere problematic of re-
sults than are the latter. But the argument
is intended ro apply only to such mining
enterprises as axe -more promisiog of ueusual
profits, while not more riskful. Prom a.
seIfisn Welt of view, there eau be no
objection to foreign capttal monopolizing
such mining ventures as offer at the beat
only a fair per-ceotage of profit, while =Ty-
ing the iisks inchlental re all veutures (vm,
mismanagementonal-manipulatioo,
But there is roiniug of amother sort, and it
is suppotedly such that is offered above by
the British Colutobians, mhaing which for
the investmeut of hundreds offers thou -
nude.
But how, it may be asked, can such oppor-
tunities exist? They are simply the result of
4 COO(litfOli things that doeshappen 'Coexist.
It is simply a matter of supply and demand.
The calm IS similar to that which presents
the euomaly of Western banks refusing
leans at 12 per cent., at a time when Eastern
bankers are eager to put MID funds at five
Per cent.; anml this being tree while the
e:ecnrity to the former case actually
is the hest, if anything, because
af the Weltona banker haviog the lerger
tote for selection of loans. The more
mileveloped a mining district, and the
more it lacks and needs capital for develop.
180211, the greater the disparity between the
number of properties for sale and of the
bayera seeking them ; and the cheaper. coo -
AN INN STZAMER, ON PME.
Excittno Scenes 14 Iltd-Attantk.
The Inman Lite steamer Clq of Rich -
mood, from New York, witla SOO prozongeee
and a general cargo, arrived at Queenstown
on Sunday with her cargo on fire, the cotton
of which she had a, large number of bales in
the forehohl, having been found ignited in
an unaccountable way at 12.30 A. U. on the
10th inst, in the midst of a strong gale.
The fire was so great that the interineds
hoe and steerage passengers bad to be ac-
eoairnodated in the saloon, and it was found
advisable to dowel the Cunsid steamer
Servia, which remained byher far three
days fearing that the fire might extend, and
that it naltdit become necessary to abandon
her, A saloon passenger who landed nt
Queeustown 'States that a lady passenger 10
the night was awakened by the
INTENSITY CP VIE ILEAT
in her stateroom, and by fumes of smoke.
She immediately called a steward and in.
formed him, aud theeeitt of there was traced
to the forehold. On the batch being taken
off long tongues of flame shot up, and denso
volumes of smoke also arose. Mee crew en-
deavoured to get at the burning bales of
cotton, but the men were almost suffocated.
Meouwhile water was being poured on the
herding mass. Captain Ledford being noit
aware of the serious nature of the outbreak"
ordered all the paesengers tole° aroused and
brought on deck. This was done without
uedoly alarming them, and in short time
the eorridors were filled with groups Of Men
and women, 8018001 the latter praying and
weepiug, There was, however, no portico
Ou reaching the deck the erew were found
makiug preparations for launching the
boats, while the stewards were bringing up
sufficient provisions to loot each passenger
eh; days.
IT WAS A FEARFUL mom',
eri",eutlY, " the Prfipet44
rtn$,,4r°"_, tua 8°1d• muth
t seas were sweeping across e (lecke.
ta° more "mite" ° i4eiriana °QM' The narrator, a Catholic clergyman, said
Tiered to the supply, the more particular of he believed if it had become oeceeriary to
choice may be the purchaser. Thus it may leave the ship that night it would scarcely
happen that the niedy "prospector" must have been. possible for the boats to have
sinnetinies lot go for thQ"artC4) 4 escaped beaug swamped. As Soon as seven
may be, what he confidently believes te be or eight burning bales had been thrown
the rich bonanza, el the future. Where there twerbOarmi the hatchway was covered, and
is large range of choice, the buyer naturally teem was injected among the cotton. The
keeps well to the "safe side," and .gives pleve were also gept, pig% to vas the
IMmelf the fullest benefit of max e31,sti,nfi water which was being poured on the Are
deubt, 1n the event of the minejustifying out of tr. he hold. The suspense ti. tnight
its promise—proving to be as rich aa was
terrible, but the pateaeogers bare up
expected—thin margin which the haYeo hes splendidly,
Wei
being cheered by the encourag-
allowed himself for doubt 18 iteelf, it may wgt-
be, a fortme. worth; of the captain and officers that
allewould yet be well. It was not until
Take from British Columbia, experience 11,20 a. m. next day that a vessel was
an instance of properties becoming valuable sighted in mime, to the signals of dis.
whioh 01100 'melt have been b°°Sht far teem She bore down on the City of
very little, The writer has no ineansofolo Richmond, and pro, ed to be the British
tannegexact atatisticaregarrling the "Sflver
steamer Counsellor, bound 10 Liverpool
King" mine, near, Netson, B. 0.; but, from Dow
approximate statistics are available. There Orleans. The captain it was
thought, was dying of fever, but die officer
appears to be enohgh ore " in sight" to matte in charge agreed to stand by aud lie to
the In'Ote °I nOinng it a PwsIble milli". until the following night, when the Cunard
And there is abundant promise that many eteamer Servia hove in eight, and the Coen -
millions morn may be taken out before the eellor then left Rockets were sent up and
mine will be exhausted. 11 18 probably safe coloured fires burnt until t he att ention of the
to say that there never was a day since the Servia was attracted. She came up, arta did
ficst d°"1°Iment or the mine that there not leave the City of Richmond until after
was not enough ore in sight to absolutely Browheed had been peeled. The day ofter
warrant returns for every dollar so far ex- meeting the Servia the Inman steamer City
pended upon it, with a strong probability of of Paris, from Queenstown to Liverpool,
mui ultimete profit of 5 huudred or more for eaum up, „d
every ono put in.
Now, were it not well for home capital to
have secured such a treasure -house of wealth
as this mine promises to become? Or, would
it not have been well that Immo capital had
made the small investment necessary to lis.ue
secured so large a prize? In other words, is
it wise to welcome so small investments of
foreigu capital, where it must needs be re-
couped, and must draw after it htuareds or
thousands per cent in the shape of the mineral
wealth of the country?
It were better, I submit, that this wealth
wore kept at home, even at the risk of the
development of the mines being delayed for
years for want of capital. Wbother it be
practicable to attain such results is a ques-
tion that deserves fuller treatment later.
It is true, too, that the Silver King is a
rare and exceptional mine; but there cer-
tainly are scores of mining claims in the
Kootenn,y and elsewhere that will illustrate
the position taken, though in a less degree.
But even granting all that is here urged,
the suggested advantage comes through the
action ofinclivitiuds, rather than by govern-
taental action. The good to the community
as a whole, which we have been considering,
is likely to come to it, if at all, by indirect
and almost accidental means; it being an
community
question if it can be drawn to 11 by
action. And so, even if the
argument be full granted, and 11 11 be ad-
mitted that the possibility of thebenefit ex-
ist, it still depends on individual action if
that benefit shall be realized.
What the risks and uncertainties involved
in mining, and in what measure mining is a
Lottery or is legitimate, and whether it has
a safer and a brighter future than its past,
these are points best reserved for another
letter. W. H. LTIZOTI.
" Our Plan is Not Patented."
AMR. A CONSULTATION
between the captain's of the three sttaniers,
it was decided that the City of Paris should
resume her voyage, and the Sonde, should
accompany the City of Richmond to the
Irish coast. Meanwhile the interinediate
and steerage passengers had been removed
to the saloon and made comfortable. The
passengers pity a high tribute to the vigilance
and energy of the captain, officers, and
crew. To the captain and officers an ad-
dress of praase and thanks was presented,
stud OSO were subscribed by the saloon
passengers for distribution among the men
who bad particularly distinguished them-
selves. The other passengers also raised a
handsome sum for the same purpose. The
Irish coast was sighted at daylight on Sun-
day, and the steamer proceeded an her way
to Liverpool.
NO OAR TRAM IN LONDON.
---
Eitreet,Cars Are Not Needed, a-nd There are
Ale Surface Halls.
There are no street cars run by the trolley
storage or any other electric system; no
cable cars, no horse oars; not a track laid
for a surface road in the city proper. a any
Americans leave London without ever see-
ing a street car of any 'kind, and yet in the
metropolis 1000 street cars run daily over
120 miles of track, but they are not permit-
teli in crowded thoroughfares'they are
confined to the outlying districts.
I have only seen them in the East End.
The street cars are "double deckers," and,
like the 'buses, they carry more outside than
inside passengers, but the number of passen-
gers is limited. When the car has reached its -
limit it will take up no more passengers.
Every passenger 'has the right to a seat,
and, to use a paradoxical phrase,
every
Englishman stands up for his right to a
seat.
Street oars are not needed in the city.
Nearly all London streets are in as good
condition for driving as our Central Park
roads. There are 8000 hansoms, 4003 four-
wheelers, and 2000 omnibuses, so that you
are not obliged to walk on aceount of the
absence of cars. The four -wheeled cabs or
"growlers,"as they term them, are dilapi-
dated, uncomfortable vehicles, which lack
new springs and are dirty both inside and
oub.
The horses and the drivers ere old and
supere,nuated ; they have all seen better
days in private carriages or hansom cabs.
You never take a fonr-wheeler if you ere
alone or if the party consists of only twd -
persons. Yon must engage one if you have
a trunk, but if you are gonigto catch a train
or boat you had betterallow a half hour's
margin.
The London cab service is the best and
cheapest an the world, The writer says
this, notwithstanding that he remembers
that you can hire a cab in Key West for a
clime. Bob such cabs and such horses 1 The
fore in a hansom for a two-mile drive 18 080
shilling (tweaty-five cents); by the hour, two
and. OA (sixty-two 'cents). There are no
such smart .horses foe public hire anywhere
as the London cab horses. They go like
the wind if by the course,and they gr
at a similar gait by the hour if you promist,
an ektre sixpence.
The formation of the great Central Euro-
pean Customs League, including Germany,
Austria, Italy, and Switzerland, is an ac
complithed feat, and is bound to greatly
affect the commerce of the world.
A servant girl visited the Zoological gar-
dens at Frankfort and, unseen by enyone,
took off her clothing and 'm ed into the
bear's pre Her man
Lath c pit the 1