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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Exeter Times, 1886-3-18, Page 2TEE FARM, M, WeeninP," Drives+ Every animal upon the farm should be subjected to a course of training ae soon, as It waken ite appearance, This is desirable, And, indeed, indispensable for the best re sults, with all' live stook, from the chickens Int the colts. Docility lnvolvea ewes of management in every way, and this waveslabor and iincreaaoe the profits from the nee of the animate, Ina dairy, doollity is one of the most important char aoteristios of the cows, and the dairy man who hae experfeooed the advantape of It, will alwaysgive his meet oarefnl atten tion to the training of the calves. Weaning is the first leesun to be given, A call should never be permitted to suck the cow, This enforced habit changes—in tines—the disposition of these young cows, which never having truckled, a calf, and never hey ing bean pureed by a dam themselves, make no trouble over therremoval of a calf. They never hold up their milk, and are rarely troubled with garget, or have the common vines of cows which growout of their natur al affection for the calf, after they have beim habituated to its company, and have nursed it. My practice has always been to remove the calf a: soon as it is dropped, watohing the oaw until she has been safely delivered. The calf ie taken to a pen provided s or it at a distance from the cow stable where it is out ef sight and hearing. The calf is rub- bed dry, and ie comfortably bedded in this sheltered pen. The cow Is tied in the sta- ble and given a meas of warm beau and lin- seed meal slop and is milked, The milk is then given to the calf, which is taught to drink by giving it two fingers, separated, about an inch, through which the milk is easily sucked. Three meals a day are given. This is continued until the fourth day, when the milk is fit for use in the dairy. After this skimmed milk warmed to ninety de. groes is given three times a day, and no more than three quarto at a meal during the first month. The calves are kept alone ; a small bundle of clean, fine hay may be hung in the pen, and they will soon begin to eat it. By perseverance in thus weaning a calf, not only from its dam, but from its natural inclination to snok, much future trouble will be avoided. Care of Sitting Hens. March is the month to net the hens, for the earlier after thie they are set, the bet- ter the chicks will prove. Of course every hen has been set that would stick to her nest during the past month, but as hens mast lay out their clutches before the sit- • ting fever takes possession of them, the larger number will not be ready for the neat before this month. Do not sell any eggs now, but crowd the hers by setting ah that oan be relied upon. When it oomes to finding them all nests, muoh discretion is needed, that confusion does not cause trouble and loss. Of course, the simplest way to set therm is in rows in the hen -house, but the hens will not all re- member their own este, and will crowd two or three on one neat, leaving their own eggs to become cold and perish. It is ad- vieabin to set the hens in different rooms and apart from one another, hut if the neat rows must be used, then there mutt be careful watcbfeinees. A good rule is to keep the windows well darkened, so that the hens will not be tempted to leave their nests until noon. When yon give the other chickens their noonday meal, and while..they are feeding, go inithe hen -house, take all the setting hens off the nests, and make them go out to feed. While they are out, clear the nest of broken eggs, dirt and feathers, loosen np the straw a Little, and dust Persian insect powder over the eggs. Now comes the cribical time. Do not forget what you have done, and do not trust the hens, but within half an hour be sure to •retain, and ser that each hi on her own proper nest, or you will have trouble every time they come eff. Kens are crea- tures of habit, and a little training goes a great way with them. If they ran be made to keep the same nest three or fonr days, there will be little danger that they will make any mistakes about it for the remainder of the time. That will save you the trouble el moving them, but not the reeponeibility of geeing that they return promptly to their fleets after feeding. When all is right, darken the Bitting -room again and leave theme until the neat day at feeding time. Light Brahma Fowls. The Light Brahma fowl. from the time of its first introduction to Canadian poultry breeders, has been held in the higceet es- teem. Other varieties have come up, the Plymouth Rock and Wyandottes as market birds, and Leghorne in variety as egg-pro- ducere, still the Light Brahma has held its own as a family fowl among the lovers of choice poultry. Although quiet and unas- suming in style, It has great dignity of carriage, and is really a majestic fowl. In excellent qualities for familyrise, it is hard- ly approached by any other. Its fieth is juicy and tender, and as it puts on flesh very fast it remains a "chicken" until fully grown. The excellence of the hone as layers depends greatly on how they were bred,. for some families are extraordinary ettg-pro- ducere, taken in comparison with other largo bodied fowls. They are layers of largo buff -colored eggs, which aro very rich, and great favorites in the market. In dis- position they are very kind and quiet, An ordinary picket fence, three fret high, will restrain them, and if handled gently, they can be picked up at any time. The plum- age is white with black pointe, The tail is black, as are also the flight feathers of the wings, which aro not dieoornible when the wings are folded. There is also a fine penciling of black in the neck. It has a pea," or triple comb, which being small and set °lees to the head, is proof against all ordinary frost, They are easy to rear, very hardy, quick growers, and make very heavy fowls. On a well kept lawn, there is nothing handeomer than a flock of Light Brahman. A hollow octet—Paying a man for digging a cellar, - "Buffaloes are bred in Kansas"'it ie said. They are meat elzowhere, ' A grocer calla hia scales "ambush" be- cause they lie in weight; A photographer ahottld always take the negative side of the question in a debate. Right and duty are like two pahn.trees, whioh bear fruit only when growing tilde by tido, A woman hates to pees a pretty bonnet in a store window, but the is always willing to go buy it. Worth, the dressmaker, may not be long remembered after hie death, but it can't be denied that few men havemade' more hue. tle in life, The Materia Modica of Chili re u tf iron 3$ huge volumes, named Part -Teo, to describe it. It presents 11,806 formulas, and in eludes over 1,900;,subatanecs of; asipposed medicinal value, KILLING WOLVDS BY H,DNDBED$, Queer Class of Dien 'Who Untie With diryck• nine and timely the lin&(weir. There is a olaee of hunters out in the. Yee lowstone Benin, whose only ammunition is etryohnine, and who hunt from November until April without taking a day off. They ksunt for the nsouey they can make, and they make a lot of it, if they made tan times as much nobody would begrudge them a cent of it, fur the only game they hunt is wolves, and the wolf hasn't got many friends out there. I guese there mud be at least 300 professional wolvers that scour the Big tient ceuntry in the Yellowstone Basin above the Bad Lands, and probably ae many more work the Mill River region. I'bey are known as wolvers, and they are different from any other °lase of huntera or trappers. In the autumn of the year the wolvers begin to gather at the frontier' pests where they do their trading. They diepuse of all the lure they may have on hand, and then fit themselves out for the winter's campaign against the wolves. They take suppliem. enough to last them a long time, for they seldom return from the wilderness before spring. The principal item in their outfit Is etrgohnine, The wolvers alwany travel in parties of half a dozen or so, and before they go into the wilderness they divide up the entire territory lido oectiona, the bound - .lues of whioh they know as well en if they were run Calf and staked by a surveyor, Each party is assigned or draws a seotion, and on that alone he hunts. One party of wolvers would no more think of working on another party's section than they would think of putting strychnine in a comrade's meas. They are enabled to keep within their bounds by landmarbs whioh years of successive hunting in the same territory have made as familiar as their own names. One party, for that matter, hasn't muoh excuse for getting over on another'e terri- tory, for a wolfing section will cover as much ground tee the biggest county in Can- ada. The first thing a party of wolvers do on reaohing their section is to put up their cabin or repair their old one. These cabins are chinked with mud, and their s€tea aro always in the centro of a good 'weeding up' locality, so that there will be no danger of a ecercity of fuel, for one such winter as they have out there can make one good able- bodied fireplace eat up an area of forest that would keep a whole Eastern town in fire woad for a year. Every cabin has a stone fireplace that will take in a log ten feet long, and so you can imagine how much of a fire can be built in one of them. Bonanza Mackay's palaoe couldn't house a wolfer for the winter more comfortably than one of these mud -daubed cabins in the very heart- of the Bad Lands. There is no ex- clusiveness about these wilderness shelters, either. Every man's cabin is free to his neighbor. It often happpeens that a wolfer in a day's tramp may find himself at night nearer some other party's cabin than his own, and he seeks its shelter just as freely and with no more hesitation than he would go to his own. But he never asks more than shelter. It is wolfer etiquette to always carry plenty of provisions and to draw on your own store wherever you may be. A good saddle horse and a pack horse or two goes with every wolfers outfit. If he does not care to use them for the tine, they are turned cut on the range, where they know how to .provide for themselves, no matter how deep the snow is. A large store of the general provisions of the wol- fere of an entire territory In always cached, and the location is known to all. Every. thing for the welfare and safety of the wolfers having been done, the real business of the winter begins. Each party is provid- ed with hundreds of long, elender pine sticks sharpened at the ends. An elk, or ae many as saw needed, is killed, and the carcass cut up into smell pieces. These are poisoned with Strychnine, and each wolfer fills a small sack with them. After eaoh snow fall the wolfers start out. They make a circuit of miles, and at Intervale sink one of the pine sticks in the snow, a piece of the poiaoned meat being placed on the upper end, so that it Is temptingly ex - rioted above the snow. Two days later the wolfers go over the same acute again with pack horses, skin the welt carouser that they pick up by the hundred, and fetch them into the cabins and prepare them for market. How mann- them:ands of wolves are thus gathered in the Bad Lands by these persistent hunters in the oouree of a single season it is. difficult to estimate, but the wolfers make from $150 to $300 a month apiece in the sale of the pelta they secure, Yet, so rapidly do the wolves increase, there Is no perceptible diminution in their numbers, A wolfer never hunts anyhing else unless ho needs game to supply his cabin. A doz- en elk, deer, antelope or any other game animal might pass within gunshot of him every hour and he would pay no more at- tention to them than if they were so many °rows, He is out after wolves. for business. That is all he thinks of, and all he wants. ar GOLDEN NUGGETS, Religion is a man's disposition toward his spiritual surrounding. Wonldst thou know where I found the Supreme? One step beyond myself. Be- hind the veil of self ahinea unseen the beauty ca the loved one, Knowledge must be made vital in the heart before it can blossem into conduct; and tbe continual paining of right feeling into right action alone can form a worthy oh araoter. We ought not to judge other people by their beliefs, because we do not know how they have been brought about; but we may justly apply the crucial test to our own eieeve, and honour or dishonour them a000r- dingly. is we aro to act rightly, we mnet know what right is ; and to thie end the mind must be informed, the judgment exercised, the reason strengthened, the intellect culti- vated, Every battle against ignorance, every effort to expeundthe laws of our being and to show how the 'truest happiness anti the highest duty aro always oonsonant, is a direct help to the cause of right.doing. Our honest convictions may be very wise, but it is the ocoanionand method of our ut- terance of them which best prove our wis- dom; If there is any worthyobjoot in throe uttersnoe, it is the enlightenment of °there; and thin will be best eecurod in proportion PA we have their ear and confidence, He who oarrlee hie varying heart upon his nieevc' and utters all hie mind commands but small reapent; and small is his in.flu• once. Hats are nowmade with h rsbeates linings in the crown, and are suitable wear for heated terms, abeetos being a non.00ndue- tor of heat, An exchange M s "Last week a Caine to on y with a turned upanosdnose and run down hooto a,�� A town with a turn- ed up nose and run down boots cannot hope to become a great commercial centre, HEALTH. Food. Our bodied are ramie up of what we eat. An article to be suitable for feed must eoetein et least oneof the (eine ntsa-y nub• atancea of vrhich the body consists, and this must be capable of a ready separation from ail other olementit, The latter, if not poia- onoua, will bo rejected from the system without harm, The beat kinds of food are each as oontain the moat of the bodily elements. Milk con. laina all, and is hence a perfeot food, A proper diet ie such P. combination of articles m together furnieh all the e''emeets in due proportion, while, at the name time, these articles please the tante and gratify our love of variety, Starvation would ra- eult iu time if a single one of these elements were laokieg. Not only must muscle, bone, oto,, be provided for, but stili nose, brain, uorve and every eecrotion. Tee modern fancy for tt a whitest bread is at fault, for such bread is deficient in the elements that make brain, nerves and bones. Hence the tendency to nervous diseases, dyapepaia, and decaying teeth. Absence of vegeteblo food gives Hee to scurvy ; the too exclusive use of animal food, to gout. But food must be dlgeated. For thio no less thea five digestive fluids are emirates by appropriate [el/Ands—thieve, for starch and sugar, gastrin juice, for fieeh, fish, eggs, etc, ; bile`and pancreatic juice, fes• fat, the latter ale° aiding in the dmgaitlon off starah ; and tee intestinal eecreticne, to ccmplote the preoeso. A deficiency in any one of these reauits in some form of dyepepaia. The digeated food must pass from the in- testines into the °insulation. Hence mere lade of hungry months seise it from the former, and pour it through countleaa m n• ute canals, whioh constantly unite and form larger, int* the right side of the heart. Should these vessels be closed up by inflam- mation, the body would waste away, how- ever stood the appetite and vigorous the di- geaticn. Title imperfect blood does not, however, yet go into the full circulation, but passes round through the lungs with the venue blood and then into the left aide of the heart, whence It is sent out into the :arter- ies a pure fluid, rich in every element, But the process of nutrition 1e not yet En- tailed. Those sleepleas workers, the ulti- mate Dells, whether of brain, or bore, or muscle, or membrane, throvring off eaoh moment the waste debris, take from the same arterial fluid eaoh what it needs. Mortality of Measles. Measlea is one of the moat infectious of dim e:see, It is communicated in all possible ways, including the breath of the patient et a time when nothing but a cold is enepact- ed. This renders it a well-nigh universal dieeass, a fresh epidemic startfng every four or five years among the new -bean chil-. area and such as had escaped ,previous at- tacks. Now though the relative mortality' may not be as large as in some other infectious diseases, 5 et the absolute mortality is much beyond the popular Impreasion. The Medical Record recently, in ite state- ment of oontagioun diseases for five weeks, gave thirty-seven as the number of deaths from scarlet fever in New York City, against eighty-five from measles. This proportion would not hold for the country through. The total mortality from measles is nearly nine thonsand a year, or about the same number ae that from soar - let fever. In the Northern and Northwestern States its mortality is about half that of varlet fever, while in most of the Southern Stsitea it is about twice an great. The New York Medical Record thinks that etatistios seem to show that the rate is increasing in Borne parts of the world. Thus in Paris, during fifteen years ending in 1884, it rose gradu- ally from 3.03 per ten thousand to S. 5o, or nearly treble ; while In New York City, during ten years ending the same year, it about doubled, But the direct mortality is not the whole of the evil that follows from its attacks. Among there results are impairment of health ; tubercular consumption ; pnenmo- nfa ; chronic laryngitis; chronic bronchitle; ophthalmia ; ulcerative and fatal inflamma- tion of the month, The mortality is largely confined to those whoee vitality is low,—nay from aorofnlaus end oonsumptive taints,—or to those whose hygienic surroundings aro bad, or to those who are not treated with proper care. The groateat mortality is during the first five years of life. Hence when children bring home the disease from school, the younger members of the family should be speedily protected. How Many Hours for Sleep ? There is an old saying that hen frighten- ed a great many people from taking the rest that nature demanded for them. "Nino hours are enough for a fool," They may be, and not two many for a wise man who feels that he needs them, Goethe, when performing his most prodigious liter- ary feats, felt that he needed nine hours ; what is better he took them. We presume it is encoded by all thoughtful persona that the brain in very young children, say 3 or 4 yearn of age, requires all of twelve home in rester sleep. This period is short- ened gradually until at 14 years of age the boy is found to need only ten hours. When full groan and in a healthy condition the man mty find a night of eight hours aufci- ent to repair the exhaustion of the day and new -create him for tbe morrow, But if he discover that he needs more sleep he should take it. There is surely something wrong about bio-; perhaps a forgotten waste must be repaired. His sleep, evidently, has not been made np, and until it has andhe can spring to his work with an exhilaration for It he should aoneibly oonclade to let hie in. etinot control him and stay in bed. Sunlie'ht. No artiole of furniture that will not stand a sunlight should be put in a room, for every room in a dwelling should have the windows so arranged that some time during the day the eunlightmnay enter freely irate the apartments. The importance of admit- ting the light of the nun freely to all parts of our dwellfngt cannot be too highly esti- mated. Indeed, perfect health in nearly as dependent' on pure sunlight es it is on pure air. Sunlight should never be excluded, except when so bright au to be uncomfor- table to the eyes. And walking nhonld be in bright sunlight. A atn.bath is of more importance in preserving a healthful condi- tion of the body than is generally under- atood, It is a welI•establiehed fact that the people who live much in the sun aro generally stronger and mere healthy than theeo whose 000upetlous deprive them of sunlight, The solflsh may have notch Wealth but like the water of t hese thirst of noiie, a, it quenches the Tho only now thing under the non that we know of, is the blue ratoh on the seat of his pantaloonf, Liquor Taws of the United States. BY inw, w. s, BLAEKSruc,c, In a fo mer article, I gave a summary of a series °f reports, purporting to cnmt from rolfakle sources, on the working of the Prohibitory Liquor Lew of Iowa, whioh were recently published in the Ohri;tiatt Union; in thin I purpose to give a digest of a similar Berme, vvhloh appeared in the OU paper, on the warktng of the ifigh•Licon Law of Illinois. Among the authors these reports, au we are informed, are " few clergymen, a number of eminent bu nese moo, several prominent lawyers, o or two judges or ex judges, end sever representatives of the Young 1Vlen'e Chr flan Association." They are preoieely t name (derma of persona from whom t account of the working of the Prohlbito Law in Iowa Dame, It is probable t tome of them at least were more or leas flaenoed by their prejudices, but, on t whole, they may probably be regarded a good deal more reliable than such roper generally are. And it de probable that candid and careful study of them will lea one to a pretty clear comprehension of t facts of the case, The law in question, it may be proper explain, fixes the minimum lioenee fee f general liquor selling at five hundred dollar but given a looal option to towns to inm•ea it to any amount, or to prohibit its sale alt tether. And the questions submitted b the Christian Union to its correeponden were these : " What has been the effect High Lioenee in your town ? 1. On th number of saloons ? 2, On the character saloons ? 3, On the amount of drinking 4. Oa the amount of drunkenness and di erder ? 5. Remarks." The questions we proofed, -the same, in fact, as those propo ed in rasped to the Prohibitory Law i Iowa. Oat of the seventy-six places heard from there are thirty-six in whioh no licensee are granted. Most of these are oomparativel small municipalities ; and probably in a of them there is, and has long been, a ve strong temperance sentiment, Net is fe of thee: are reported to have had no saloon or other places licensed for the sale of liquo for many years before the High Lfosne Law oame into force. In those localities, o meanie, the law hae had very little effec They were sober and orderly .without it they maintain the same character with it and they would in all probability rema unchanged if it were repealed. It is no necessary, therefore, to take them into th account in attempting to estimate the vain of this particular piece of legislation, as a peranoe instrument. for the suppression of intern money." Whether there is really (linen u tion in the amount of drunkenness and diet ,rder:is a point on whioh there is difference if opinion and conflict of testimony. One ro- ierte "drinking mid drunkenneee about the .ams ;" another says there is " less drink• tug ite public bars, less among contractors and laboring men ;" another eaye, "few dr unk 'ado are eeon on our streets ;" and this, mei taken In connection with the feet that theta OPis s smaller number of arrests for drunken - et noes than formerly, seems to Indicate that. a she effect of the law has, en the whole, been si• beneficial. Among the inoldentel benefits tie of thie High License Law the fact is men al tioned that "the funds derived from it have ls- provided for larger acrd snore efficient police he restraint, besides paying for other lamer - he tent banefite and improvements, he e \ Te, in thie country, are not nearly so t mach interested in the opinions of thesecor- m- respondents, as we aro in the facts to whioh he they hear testimony. A large proportion 88 of the people of this country are deeply im- pressed with the enormous evils whioh re- dcult from the drinking usages of society, and sincerely bent upon doing whatever can h0 be done to limit those evils, or if possible to do away with them altogether, It is in to view of this fact that the experiments made or by our neighbors are fraught with so much s, interest to us. It is evident that a good eo many of thew correspondents are notar.tia• 0- Red with the working of the High License Y Law ; and it is equally certain that a ()on- to eiderable proportion of the writers from of whom' I quoted in a former article were just e. as far from being satisfied with the opera - of tion of the Prohibitory Liquor Law of Iowa. ? The faot is, the advooatea of both measures 8- have been measurably disappointed. Theye re have not found either of them to do all th o• was expected. This; however, is the ex - n periencn of moat ultra sanguine people in respect to all Bode of legislation in whioh they axe specially interested. Law is, at beat, but a restraint upon the erratic and Y evil tendencies of human nature. A radical 11 cure for the evils that afflict moiety is not ro to be found in legislation, By this is meant w no disparagement of law. As long as men's 8 conduct is at war with the interests of so ✓ piety they must be restrained. Society has o e right to protect itself. Bat laws, how - f ever excellent, whioh are not based upon t• the intelligent and oonacieutious convictions ; of the people, have ever proved, and will ; ever prove a delusion, and a snare. in On the whole. the Harper Law in Illinois b appears to have wrought more effectively o than the Prohibitory Law of Iowa ; but it o does not follow that the former is, per 85, n better than the latter. It was, however, - better adapted, to the state of .public senti- ment In the community in whose interest it ✓ was passed. And to make either one of t the other of them thoroughly effective de- s panda not upon the labours of politician, h but upon the educative h fluence of the e Church of God. n TORONTO, ONT. 0 In some other places, of an altogethe different character, if we. can put impact reliance in these correspondents, its effect have been infinitesimal. In Amboy, thong the working of the law has resulted in th closing of two ealoons, with a populatio of 2,448, it still has ten of these drinking places ; their character, too, is reported t be low ; and there is much drnnkennese and disorder. But in Atkinson the number of saloons is diminished one half ; and there is not one fourth the drinking, nor one tenth part the drunkenness and disorder there was formerly. In Atlanta it has leasened the number and improved the character of the saloons. In Beardstown the saloons are reduced from fifteen to twelve ; • their char- acter is improved, and drunkenness and disorder are decreasing. In Belvidere tho number of saloons hae been reduced 10 per Dent., and their character " a little improv. ed." In Bloomington, Clayton, Danville, Esrlaville, Englewood, Fulton, Jackson- ville, Mattoon, Ottawa, Peoria, Rockford, Rock Island, Streator, Sterling, substantial- ly the same effects have been produced. In some other instances the reports are not nearly ro favorable. In Dundee, though the number of saloons has been re- duced from seven to four, there is said to be no peroeptable change in the amount of drinking and disorder.' In Salisbury the character of the ea.loona has not noticeably improved ; sad -very much more intoxicat- ing liquor -is sold. In Genesee there is one less sefoon, but little difference in amount of drinking and drunkenness. The number of saloons in Kewanee has been reduced from ten to six ; the license fee Is f$1.000 ; bot there Is as much drinking as ever, and drunkenness is on the increase, In La Salle the number of saloons increased, but the high license has not reduced the amodlrt of drinking. Lincoln has one more saloon ; but:thereliene peroaptable change in the amount of drinking and drunkenness, Strangely enough there in e two saloons in Marseilles now whereas there were none before the High License Law went into force ; and there le more drinking now than then. A Methodist Episcopal Pro - siding Elder, writing from Onasga, says there is no peroeptablo difference in his district. "The big saloons and the low dives pay the high li- cense and live. The dealers become nacre active in pushing their business by various enticements," This writer, whose district includes forty incorporated towns and cities, and who has, therefore, large opportunities for observation, sees no change for the bet- ter anywhere ih the amount of. drunkenness and disorder, -but on the contrary, In some placer, both, he thinks, have increased, His conclusion is, that "the statement that high license has had any tendency to din minish the evils of intemperance in this State is basely false," Substantially similar accounts come frem other places. In Pittsfield the number of saloons under the High Lioenae-law is the same as before it came into force • tiller char- acter has been slightly improved ; but the amount of drunkenness and disorder is about the same. In Rook Island, though the number of saloons has beon reduced, and "low groggeriee rooted out," things are in a pretty bad condition, The amount of drink- ing has not beon materially diminlshed, "Our saloons are open," says the correspon- dent writing from this point, "seven days in a week ; Sunday by the back door. Gam Wing of one sort or other is parried on In all of them. Minora frequent the saloons and in most oases get what they want," It is evident that, according, to the representa- tions of these writers, in note ef these places. ling the High License Law beon the means. of ushering in the millentum, A'corres- pondent writing from Rantoul, where there are no saloons, makes a remark whioh prop• ably friends of temperance and of humanity everywhere would do well to pander, He says, "A -moral temperance movement heti done more good thein prohibition," There in, of course, nothing inconsistent between there, but when the latter, or any other soot of legislation, is allowed to take the place of the former, the' teen 11 cannotbut be mischievous. Several witnesses give evidence in respeot to the effect of the High License Law in Chicago, From these the ; following facts ate gathered t Tho number of saloons hae been reduced by at least 600 ; tho liquor businesa hae go00 Bite the hands of a wealthie3r classes, and has been made some- what more respectable ; and though the volume of business is about the same, tete poorer plats drink lead, dimply beoantc, as one of them says', "we get leas for ctir Perils of the City Baby. The question arises, What is it in cities that is so hostile to infant life1 Tho subject ie a complex one, and in its analysis we must consider the varying oonditione surrounding the different °lessee. Distinctions of rank are ae definitely marked among infants aa among adults. There is none of the democracy which obtains in the country. We have the Infant of aristocracy, the infant of the middle classes, the infant of the poor, the infant dependent upon charity. Each of these inherits an environment peculiar to itself ; its house, its nursery and sleeping -apartment, its nurses and attendants, who solve the problems off its food and raiment. Take the matter of inheritance, not of money or lands, but of constitution. The Extreme classes found in the city and not in the country, the vary wealthy and the very poor, are likely to bestow on their offspring a latent tendency to disease. The ultra•faehlon- able mother, the self-indulgent father, hand down to their children overwrought nervous aystemn and weak physical powers, which result in death, or more often a life of protracted feebleness. In the lowest classes the untoward Effects upon the children of poverty, intemper- ance, and moral obliquity are incalculable. The city infants belonging to the middle classes often puffer because of the struggle of their parents to maintain a foothold in society, and to mount the atepa in social Life which will bring them diatlnotlon. It would be a long dieouaelon to enter into all the questions of heredity which influence the fate of a child. They are vital questions, however, which re- quire the utmost delicacy in handling, but whioh are of transcending importance to the individual and to the race. Very little of the common sense which prevails in preserving and rearing choice stock oxide in relation to the human animal. If by chance the infant is well-born—that is, has the germ ofa constitution which will unfold untainted by scrofula or epilepsy, or any other foul disease whioh will rob it of a healthy menta and . physical de- velopment as life unrolls before it—such inheritance is unequaled. Dr. Ireland has shown the effects of heredity as seen in tracing through three hundred and fifty years the health history of the house of Spain. The children, though born to a kingdom and a crown, were cursed with a hereditary nervous taint whioh some- times passed over a generation only to appear again in various forme and inten- sities as epilepsy, hypochondria, mien- cholla, mania, and imbecility, till at length it extingnlahed the direct royal line.— [Popular Science Monthly. wealthy Girls; It is no longer fashionable with the fair sex to feign delicacy, nor are the girls of the coming generation actuated by an In- sane desire to appear fragile and genteel ab the expense of health. The scores of buxom, bright-eyed young ladies one will meet upon any of our public thoroughfares any afternoon is ample evidence of the truth of the assertion. No longer do the fair once seem wan and pale to look upon,; nor is their style of locomotion' suggestive of effort; but on the "contrary- nearly all seem strong and lithe of limb, and with cheeks auffaaed with the ruddy glow of health. Doctors generally agree that there is far loss of sickness among the sex than had formerly been the case, and this could be attributed solely to the ; glorious praotie young ladies had of late acquired of testing their capablibbieo as pedestrians, and in engaging in other forms of light h. site,( exereioe. It is to be hoped that thegood work will p a goon. A performance on thopolack Wire—Count- !nig a billiard game, SCIENTIFIC NOTES. Dr. Keller, of Zurich, claims that epidere defend the trees of the forest against the depredatione of aphides and insects and so have an important place in the economy of the universe, y Prof. l edzle of the Michigan ural College has recently �4drit cul- t g ee y se,nalyzect the ... contents of the principle hand grenades and other patented dovioes for extin- gulnhing inolpent fires and finds that the only active ingredient is common salt. It is said that glycerine in its pure state should not be used for chapped handeas it absorbs the moisture from the skin, thus leaving it dry and liable to crack. When moderately diluted with water, however, glycerine is an excellent applica- tion. One can see In a clear nl h aitont 3000 t r without the aidt; stars toafabeo pe . A like number visible in the'opposite hem- isphere makes a total of'nome 6000 that can be seen with the naked eye. But the telescope brings to view a vaatly greater number, estimated at upwards of 20,000,000. Prof. S. P. Langley, the astronomer, has boon studying the subject of the tem. perature of the moon's surface, and con- cludes that Lord Roses was much mistak- en in assuming thab it rose to 200 ° or 300 0 Fahr. during the lunar day. He finds that the temperature can never rise above a point where everything, perhaps eve a the gazes, is frozen solid. M. Demarcay, by means of an induo. tion coil, made of comparatively large and short wire, obtains so spark without having to employ strong onrrente, which is of sufficiently high temperature to give the spectre of all the known elements. Atmospheric lines of the second order are not to be obtained with it ; and the neb- ulous bands of nitrogen and the electrodes only rarely. Inventive genius is constantly devising new uses to which paper can ba put. A process has been patented in Germany for making bricks, and planks, paper shoes, slippers and sandals are known in Eng- land. Paper napkins are old, and paper handkerchiefs aro used. Paper counter- panes and pillow•coveringa are made in New Jersey ; a paper window -shutter le• made by an Ohio man ; paper carpets and mabtings are common, besides a vast number of ornamental articles. Paper car wheels have been in use for years. The purpose of ventilating cellars is to make them cool and dry. They are often ventilated so as to be warm and damp. This is done when the air admitted to them from without is considerably warm- er than the air -within them. Coming into the cooler cellar this air, while it raises the temperature of the c• liar•air, itself is cooled, and deposits its afire, which soon becomes evident as. ' le or pal- pable dampness. Therefore all the ven- tilation of cellars in warm weather should be done at night ; and tho cellr should be kept clean from sunrise to sunset. Col. B. R. Branfill, late of the survey of India, remarks as a noticeable feature in the meteorology of the southeast coast of thab country, the frequent lightning - storms, which occur daily for weeks to- gether, before the Betting in of the south- west monsoon, unaccompanied by rain or any- sound of thunde en They were aeon along the ooaet where land and sea breezes alternate and along the line of the Ghats where the surface current thrown up into the upper and opposite current of the atmosphere. In this region the rare phenomenon of interference, fringes is very frequently to be seen, ODE YOUNG POLES. Teddy's Doughnut. " Will you have a doughnut, Teddy ?' asked grandma, " Yes, if you please," said Teddy, polite. ly, helping himself to one, He liked grandma's doughnuts—big, brown, puffy fellows. Some of them were twitted and some were round. The one Teddy helped himself to was round, with a hole in the middle, Uncle Jack looked up just then. His eyes twinkled, but his face was sober au that of a judge. "Don't eat the hole, Teddy," said he ; "it mleht give you the stomach-ache," Uncle Jack was a great tears. Sometimes Teddy didn't quite know wbat to make of him, and thin was one of the times. He locked from the doughnut to Uncle Jaok'a face, which didn't wear even the first hint of a smile. " No, sir, Unole Jack," he said ; "Iwon't eat the hole." And he didn't ! he left thejleaat little ring of doughnut around it, and tucked it under the edge of his plate. How grandma laughed when she found it there, after Teddy had asked to be excused and gone tout to play ! She showed it to Uncle Jsolr. "You dikn't get ahead of him that time," said she. Uncle Jaok laughed too, though the least bit sheepishly. " Well, well," he said, " I "guess I owe him one. I vette I owe hireee gocd plow quart of peanuts 1",�. And Toddy got them. Two heads are bettor than one—On a freak in a dime museum, One who bakes lobs of interest in hie business --the paw noroker. Advertising is a good deal like making love to a widow. It can't be overdone. Fruits have the capacity of improve- ment. Motion is a univeraai law, We are either ascending or descending. At a recent meeting of a Western Hor- ticultural Society (Alton; Ill,,) 80020 ones"' asserted that those vineyards most sub- jected to Si. Louis smoke were quite tree from grape rot. A new building material, cow ooed of cork silica and lime le craning into exten- sive neo in Germany. It la ettbatantial light and durable, seeming to be especial.. lyadapted for ceiling g i p p and wall lining. • Chestnut culture in this country is an industry which is still in its infancy, and the profits and possibilities of which are not yet fully realized; bub the subject is ono worthy of careful investigation by practical Men. The Mastsohneetts courts have decided that $20 is the measure of damage for the bite of a dog, A Salem woman who was bitten twice got is verdict for $40, while her son, who was only bitten once, got hair that amount,