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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Exeter Times, 1886-1-21, Page 2THE FARM. Perm Wr;nkles. A wire run along the top of the old-fasia loned straight red and block, feece will keep the etock a way from it, and awe troulale in putting up riders. Have on hand a paper of copper rivets of different eizes and a piece of oiled leather for cutting etrings to keep the harneas mended with. It ie a 'painful fact that the half-baked =an es net rare. It takes about seventy good-sized eara to make a bushel a labelled eeed corn. Three homes abreast is very often the =Oat economical team tor the heavy work of the farm. In Spain an old custom among the coun- try people is never to eat fruit out of doore without- planting the seed. The roacde are lined with trees whoa° fruit le free to all. Slobbering and its Cure. The frequent slobbering of horses at this aeasois is variously accounted for, We have heard it attributed to the neoond growth clover, to the spiders web on the herbage, to lobelia„ St, John's wort, and other plants, buttnever yet to pennyroyal. But having oc- casion to make use of a neighor's paiture for a few nights, for our horses, we found them slobbering profusely from the effects of the pennyroyal whioh grew abundantly in the field. The cows whioh grazed in the field were also troubled with profuse aativation. We have had previous knowledge that lobe- lia and St. John's wort would produce the same trouble and now are eure that penny. royal may he added to the list But we doubt very much that second growth clover will cause it ; indeed, we have good reasons to know that it dews not in some oases. The slobbering of horses and cows is caused by the irritating effect upon the salivary glands, of the strong essential of the plants which -produce it. If one will chew some lobelia, St. John's wort or pennyroyal, he will find the salivary glands] to be excited in this manner, The effect is removed by eating any dry substance, as oatmeal, middlirgs or cornmeal, and the beet remedy for it is to give any animal which is seffering from sail vation a feed of dry meal or middlings; this willprit a stop to it at once. The waste i of saliva s exceedingly weakening to a horse, for saliva is not mere water, but containr a quantity ef potash, soda, lime, acid, phos- phoric acid, and organic matter, so that it a,pproaohes very °lonely in character to blood. •••••••••••• • Whet and How to Apply Stable Manure Stable manure is a heavy, bulky material, anciwin applying it to tour land we have to handle a large amount of water and other material of comparatively little value, in »order to apply enough of the essential ele- ments tor abundant crops. And when we have much of it to handle, especially if we have to draw it far at the busy season of planting, or over soft land in wet weather, we find it a tedious job, and often planting is considerably delayed by the time requir- ed to get the manure spread upon the land. Hence when. and how to apply it in themost .economicial manner, is a matter of no little importance; The winter or early spring when the ground is frozen is for several rea- lions, a very favorable time for hauling out manure. Every farmer should endeavor to 'keep hie heti and teams as industriously employed as is resisonable during the whole year, and all jobs whioh can as well be done during winter, should be attended to at that time. Haullug out stable manure seem to be one of these jobs, which can not only be done _as well, but muoh better, in winter, :when the ground is frozen, if mow is not deep, as at any other time of the year. Of course tide implies that the barn cel- lar or other place where the manure ie suffloiently protected to avoid much frost in the manure, and provided with doors that can be opened or closed at any time. If drawn out during winter it not only fur- nishes work for help and teams which other- wise might not be employed, but the ground being frozen solid, and the teams in good. heart, they will often haul with ease loads, of double the size they could after the frost is out of the ground in spring, and especial- ly over land which, after ihe frost is out, woald be so wet and soft as to be almost im- passable. We can not afford to handle manure more than is absolutely necessary, and when we draw it to the field we should put it where It is to stay, either by spreading it directly from the cart, or by putting it in small heaps to be spread before they are soaked by rain or frozen so they canner, be epread with ease, We monpoeeifford in ordinary farm practice, to pile manure in the `field and then load it again, But leaving manure in email heaps on the fields during winter I consider one of the least convenient ways of managing it, and though it is often done by good farmers, yet it looks to me like a very shiftleee prac• tice. A much better way is to spread it from the cart. This is not the beet but the easiest way of handling it When spread in this way the soluabie parts will be soak - by the rains evenly into the soil just where they are needed and, not in spots, as they would be if left long in small heaps. Many fear, that if manure is left spread on the surface for any length of time it will waste by evaporation, but I am satisfied, by a careful, study of the scientific aspect of the case, as well as by my own observation, that there is no appreciable lose in this way by the exposure of unfermented manure, and that the only possible loss of any amount is by washing off from very hilly land, when the ground is frozen, and that this loss la seldom great. The Downward Road to Hain. Evil, like fever, or madneits, or consump- tion, destroys the moral nature in whioh it inheres. Its issue is always disaater and rain, " the blackness of darkness for ever." "A. little while and the wicked shall not be." It does not take long for individual wickednesa to work out their ruinoua lames —the drunkard, the lieentieue, the freardin lent, the selfish. First encaeesee seem joy- ous and satiaflying enough; men succeed In their aims, they gratify their passions, they reallee their ditiree ; bet by-and,by their wealth is gone, or, woree still, they are permitted to retain it, passion is burnt out, esteem is forfeited, social statue Is loot, elownwarda, step by step, falling by little and little, until, if you would see them, you must seek them in the domain of squalor or viee, or if aeon worild appraise them, you shall find them filled with his own ways. The moral wreck of a man who luta all that heart could wieh is often Imre utter and pitiahle than that of the beggar. No, the aid is not eached, the final ostimato is not taken when paseion is gratified, and aim are secured. Wait eel see the kind ()Elite, the kind of extjoyment, the kind of Man that conies of it all. --mesas seetaaamewersenne--.— We may tiot like hetet Ifeepers, but we With them, MAXIMKON IdANIURS. loam for mese "who iniettarate the soda,. Graces. Nevor fiend a visiting card by ma»1. A wound to a man's vanity leaves a per- manent sear. • Grose yeur te jn writing,tbut do not °roes your lettere, In the host appointed households a wise economyrprevaile, Speech of one's soli ought to he eeldem, and well °lumen. Perfect machinery works noiselessly; so does a perfect buttes. It is good to travel. " Home -keeping youth have ever homely wits." "Shun the wretch who goee about Luling riddiee and making puns." Never forget that your rheumatism is a wetter of national concern. Walk as if you were conscious that your body has a soul in it At home, as abroad, what we should spa cially cultivate is manners. Elaborate monograms and gorgeous creste on stationery are vulger. A ge.ntlemen will never admit that he has maittuies—in conversation. Observe in making an introci tuition alwaye to present the gentleman to the lady. Half the failures in life are caused by spurring one a horse to leap beyond his strength. A married lady should treat a stranger with reserve, an acquaintance with reti- cence. A rudely arrogant speech often rankles in the mind long alter an nrjust action has been forgotten. "A high -bred lady," says Thackeray, "is the most coinplete of all _Heaven a aubjecte in this world. When you meet a lady In the street you must not walk with her, mikes she (directly or indirectly) invites you, In making calla never stay so long as to create in the mind of your hoetess an it:donee desire teat von we-ald go. There is nothing so oontemptible as that which animates the poor creatures who struggle to keep up appearances. Truth is the best policy. Every person feels flattered by the reflection that you think him toe clever to be cojoled. In these words ia comprehended the whole code of courteey :Put everybody on the level as youreelf and. put youreelf into every- body's place. Good humored gossip is the salt of ordin- ary conversation, but no well bredperson will indulge in the goriaip that peers into the privacy of domestic life and either invents or misrepreeents. You may learn the grammar of a language and yet know nothing of its genius; so you may be precise in your knowledge of the rules of etiquette aria utterly ignorant of the true spriit oehospitality, Louis XII. said that he had rather see his courtiers laugh at his avarice than his peo- ple weep at hisextravagance; so a wisehouse- keeper will be willing that his friends shall respect his prudence rather then smile cov- ertly at his ostentation. "Wonderful power of manners! We may ascribe to them as great a potency as beauty possesses. No doubt they go far to supply the want of beauty and constitute the secret of that fascination which we often eee ex- erted by persons who cannot caiim to be beautiful." While guesta are with you do your best to make them feel that they , are tnoroughly welceme, and give up to them all your thoughts and attention. Do this net so muoh out of respect to them es to youreelf. No one benefits more by an act of courtesy than the person who performs it. It was said of Lady Maynard: "To her husband she was the immediate gift of God, sent for a good angel as well as for a wife. As a mother she evinced an unspeakable tendernese and loving thoughtfulness toward her children. The servants respected her and her friends loved her," SCIENTIFIC AND MIDI. Dr. Brock, ( f St. Louie, says that as- phaltum varnish is the beet disinfectant he knows of ; it will destroy all germs at once, and no household insects will approach an article of furniture whose interior has been painted with it.j eit eaniette Genuine cod liver oil gives with aqua regia a dark greenish -yellow liniment which becomes brown ha half an hour. White seal oil and even a mixture of equal parts of that oil and cod liver oil give Merely a pale yellow liniment, From the solar eclipse or eeptember 8, the central line of which passed over a part of New Zealand, near Cook's Strait, it is expected that the cause of the (=one, will be disclosed through the labors of Austra- lian astronomers. For turning and drilling wrought -iron and steel one ounce of a mixture of soft soap with half its weight of pearl-ash in about one gallon of boiling water is in everyday use in most engineering shops. The work, though constantly moist, does not rust. To cure the gout, the leg or arm afflicted is encased in plaster of Paris, and cocoaine chloride in from one -twelfth to one-fonrth of a grain doses, dissolved in, water and administered hypodermically, it is said, will mire morphinism, alcoholism, etc,, within tea days. Mr. Delmmay, of Paris, a apecialist in earthquakes, predicte many during the net year when the win and moon are simultane- ously nearest the earth. He foretold the earthquakes in South America in 1877, those in the Indian Archipelago in 1883, and the more recent ones of Spain, It is reported from North and Central Sweden that this year migratory birds have left in large numbers at an unusually early date. Between August 16 and 18 thousands of wild fowl were seen paeeing over Stock- holm, their progress lasting for aeveral hours ata time. A severe Winter is an tioip ated in the North of Europe. The Autumn has been very cold in Norway. Experiments on an extensive omale have been made in Germany to aecertain the Moe tie strength of iron and steel girders. The soft -steel girders proved to be 22, per cent and hard -steel girders 66 per cent, stronger than the iron girders; tied it is remarked that it gowned pretty well established that Che strength of !steel girders is about the same for the two flanges if made alike in Beetion. Regarding human locoisaotion, a first ottm- munioatioo hal been eubmitted to the Aoademy of Menne, Paris, by MM., Neaten and G. Derneny, They begat with the action of springing or jumping, because, if not the moat usual, it is regarded by them as by far the amplest action, and much WS intricate than the motions of walking and pilauig° tedp movementinwitlt th4oeil ferao oe ots fuotne s footin- in h o three dimenelons of imam The new metal gallium melts at 81.1 de- grees Fahrenheit, so that it liquefies when held he the hand. It ii. bard and resistant. It can be cut, and it petitioner' a slight malleability. When fused it adiaeres readi ily to glass, on which it forme a beautiful mirror, whiter than that produced by mercury. It oxidizer] but very superficially when heated to rednese hi the air, and does not beceme volatile. Unlike load it acquires only a very Plight tai nish on expoeure to MOM air, °mil is a highly oryetelline metal, Its specific gravity is a little under 5, Ill its chemical chai•acteristios the rare ele- ment gallium shows the greateat analogy to the abundent element aluminum. 406." The Indian Problem. The late upriaing in the North-West, the massacre of missionaries and settlers, the looting of stores and killing of cattle, and finally the hangiug and imprisonment of the batch of savage murderere, has by no mewls settled the Iudian question in elle distant territories. This conclusion is reached after au examination of the history a the tribes within the jurisdiction of the Unitial States government, and by a careful study of the condition of the bands upou our own prai- rieeh Te most serious question for the considi oration of governmeut is thepriblem provid- ing food for the needy tribes without de- moralizing the bands by bringing them to neglect means of supporting themselves, and to lean upon the authorities, Year by year as civilization crawls out upon the prairie, the buffalo -herds, dieturt - ed in thine haunts where once the reign of nature was uninterrupted, save when the In- dian came with bow and arrow to get veni- son, recede toward the Rocky Mountains, beyond the reach of the tribes living upon the more easterly part of the plaina. With the disappearance of the buffalo vanished the ohief food supply of these people and the necessity to provide for the defirkency became apparent. During the winter of 1877-78, and many seasons since, a number of Indian families perished of hunger after having devoured the skins that covered them. What these wretches suffer every year harly anybody knows, and if we were to attempt to dei scribe it our statement would scarcely ob- tain credence. We know a gentleman who was one of a party that made an extensive tour through the territories, and he assures us that for weeks their company was she- dowed by numbers of Indians, (1°mi:slang men, wcmen and children, who oame after the party had broken tie camp and devour- ed the offaa and romps left from the meals and the 000king. Sometimes they came to the camp begging, and so exhaueted were they with hunger, that they were scarcely able to walk. This gentleman declares, and hie etatement is strengthened by the testimony ot scores of other competent witnesses, that the physical inferiority of the Indians, their squalor, lack of ambition'and general degen- eracy are due to the fact that or the greater part of the year they are half furnishing for food. In view of these facts the wonder is that cattle -stealing and the plundering of stores are not in more general practice; and it is quite certain that white men would not meekly lie down and die of starvation while there was a cattle ranch or a mange store in aiding distance. The truth of the matter is that our Indians are not the lawless, noisy voracious people that we too frequently see them described, but as a rule bear their suf- ferings in stolid silence, and sometimes lie down and die in the eight of food. Government have to some E xtent recogniz- ed this fact, and consequently it was decided to establish farming schools at whiote the Indian might learn to plough the land, sow the seed, and tend and gather the crops. But the project of regeneration was net so satisfactory when put in practice as it seem- ed on paper; for constantly would recur the apathy to routine labor and a distaste for permanent locality, while the figure of a buffalo seen against the horizon would arouse all the latent hunter's fire; and throwing down the spade the erstwhile farmer would be found with neck thrust out striding off in the fascinating chase. The most difficult locum to teach the sav- age was m wait; to see that the corn, and wheat, and oats aown in the spring would yield food in the nut umn. In many came Indians who had worked Industriously for several weeks puttingin crops would become possessed of the hunting or fishing fever when the grain fields were green in the early Bum- mer and the root crops promising, go away and never return again. Some imei an In. dian farmer would kill the oxen sent him by government to plough his land; sell his plotighe and harrows, and then sit down in despair refusing to make provieion for the season when the prairie is covered with snow and nothing is to be had for arrow or speer. The Department having done so much expected to hear of thrifty Oreo and Sioux farmers ; but instead tidings reached them of battle stealing, of misery, and threats of a general npriaing. The thriftless vagabonds is what the people said who knew nothing of Indian character, but who would ewer - ship any nioe system upon paper. So when the tribes continued to cry out for some- thing to eat, their wailings evoked little campassion. Why ahould it ?—had not the government set the bands up as farmers, and why didn't the lazy rasoale farm ? We do not know, from our limited knowledge of ethnology, how many generations it took to degrade the American Indian into the lowest form of tribal barbarism but we stake our reputation upon the assertions that the period could not have been a ahort one • and that it takes as long to reclaim a poothe as it does to degrade them. Provi- dence is not a trait of Indian character; it Is not at all present in his neture ; and you oannot change the nature of a red man, or a blaok man, or a white man, by act of parliament. You can no more do it than you can change the climate by Inning a measure through the House of Commons declaring it to be unlawful for the ther- mometer to fall more than two degrees be- low zero. What aro we to do with the Indians, then? somebody will ask; Well, to this we have only to say that we took pow efIllaiOU of the Indians lands WithOUt recom- pense; we have soared away his buffalo, and we have brought hunger into his wig - want. If we think that we are not mor- ally bound to twee for this vanishing people, we ought to be worldly-wise enough to see that it costs more in the long run to kill an Indian than to feed him. That has been the experience of the Amerloari government; it has been our experienee to a limited extent, and it promisee to be our experience) upon a pret- ty general scale, We do not day that we have broken faith with the tribes dr swin- died them ae did the corrupt officials of the Red Cloud and Black Rock dgenelea ; but unfortunately we have lost their confidence, ---meowasseesaineeemme---,-- Three iniow white beavere were taken on the Saeramento River lieu Chico. Cal., the ether day, The fur wee as 00it aa nassla's Great lExPlorer. Col. Prejevalsky, the greatest of Rus- sian travellers, has returned from his fourth Betio of explorations in the vast re- gion lying between Siberia , and China. Therm journeys, covering a dititance of about 20,400 mules, have made large ad- ditional to our knowledge of Mongolia, 'BOW), and Eastern or Chinese Tnrkeatan, and Prejevalsky has pioneered the way into' ramie great dietricts that had. hitherto been unexplored. His latest travels have occupied nearly two years, and he returns with large collectiona and a great deal of novel and interesting information. He has won in tine journey his best lau- rels us an explorer by his discovery of the upper waters of the two great rivers of China. The Chinese attempted before the Christian era and again in the laat century to t xplore the head- waters in ;nor- thern Thibet c f the Hoang -ho and Yang- teze-Kiang Rivers, but their expeditions were driven back by fierce mountain tribes, and this part of Thibet has remained until the present day a region almost wholly 'unknown to geogrephers. Prejevalaky's little bend of fourteen men diet not win the honor they coveted without two Ha- ven fighta with the aavage Tangutans. The superiority of their weapons was all that saved, the Russian expedition. The flint lecke of the natives were no match for Barden rifles. Prejevalsky's party came out unscathed, but in defending their lives they killed and wounded forty men, the only deplorable incident in Pre- jevalsky's long career as a traveller. In the mountains, nearly 14,000 feet abc va the sea, the explorer found the two or three modest streams, each about sev- enty feet wide and shallow, that form the sources of the 113ang-ho, or Yellow River, which he followed for some distance to- ward the boundaries of China. Then after retracing his steps, he went , south- ward, anchat a distance of only sixty-sev- en miles from the Hoang ho reached the muddyand rapid waters, 'pith° other Yang- tiza-Kieng at a point where the river, hemmed in by high mountains, is 300 feet wide and very deep. He 'spent several weeks in this region, which no white man had ever before visited. His letters, preceding the detailed his- tory of the expedition yet to be written, give us wonderful pictures of some of the strangest and moat deveraified portions of the earth's surfs ca Leaving Siberia at Kiachta, ho crossed the great Gobi desert at its widest, travelling 700 miles over its northern grassy steppea and the sea of sand south of them extending to China. A desert noted for Ito terrible cold in win- ter, its almost tropical heat in summer, a scarcity of water and general barrenness, the Mongols, nevertheleea, inhabit all parte of it, their' flocks subsisting on the poorest fodder. Then he traversed a part of the plateau of northern Thibet, where the enormous altitude of the plains, from 13,000 to 15,000 feet above the sea, pro- longs winter until June and July in lati- tudes considerably south of New York, He visited the interesting lakes that de - versify these moat elevated regions in the wor13, and. explored the mountain massea that wall in the entire northern frontier of Thibet. Then he merle his way along the chain of beautiful and highly cultiva- ted little oasis that appear like little green islands in the wild desert west of famous Lob-noor. Defeated once more by the Chinese in his efforts to reach Lhaasa, the Rome of Buddhism, through western This bet he made his way through Eastern Turkestan to the Ruesian territories in Central Asia. The explorer says that gold is plentiful in northern Thibet. Not far from the sources of the Hoang -ho he found. natives washing gold. Though they dug only one or two feet below the surface, he says they showed him whole handfuls of gold in lumps as big as peas, and he believes that with care -WI working vast treasures would be found here. He predicts that in:,the course of time northern Thibet will be found to be as rich and perhaps richer than California in the pro:J(31one metals that lie in the eoilof this desert; table- land. Historic Mutton. The man who should be considered the patron saint and exevapler of politicians is Andrew Marvell, who lived and wrote in the reign of Charles the Second, and was "beloved by good men, feared by bad men, admired by all, and imitated by few." A tutor. a member of Parliament, and a eatiriet of popular abusea, his influence was always thrown upon tke aide of right. His greatest quality, however, was his abrealute incorr ptibility. In Charles the Second's time, bribes were commonly cffered and received, but Marvell would have none of them. At one time, in converaatien with the king, he so displayed his striking abilities that Charles determined to secure Marvell's itervices. Next morning, therefore, he sent his Lord Treasurer, Danby, to find the man out. This wag rather a difficult matter, but at lalst the miniate; traced him to a little street leading out of the Strand: Stumbling his way to the top of an tins pretending house, he found Marvell writ- ing in a little room. ' The treasurer introduced himself, made himself very much at home, chatted upon a variety of topics, and finally mentioned the delight which the King had felt in liatening to Marvell's conversation. At this point, as if accidentally, he dropped a thousand -pound note upon the table. Marvell was a poor man ;, what could he do1 He rang his bell and , up came his little serving -boy. "What did we have for dinner yester- day 3" risked MarVell. . "Oh, that little ,shoulder of Mutton," " Yes ; and what shall wie have for dinner to.day ?" • "The shoulder cold." "Ok yes. Arid What Shall we have bo - morrow' "Broth." Good I" fetid Marvell. "'You may go." Then he turned to the Lord Trelan nrer, " Marvell'a dinners are provided, von see," he raid. "Marvell wants not t he iting's money." If all men equally appreciated, the val- ue of honesty nourished by old Mutton, btibety would become a forgotten &ben. A Polished man puts his neighbor at ease and by eo doing 00efirme his seitrespoot, HEALTH, Drooping Shoulders. Thi e is a serious evil. It comprisiee both appearanee and vitality. A fitoping figure ie not only a familiar expression of weak - noes or seta age, but it h, when (aimed by carelesa habita, a direct came of a ntraoted chest and defective breathing. Unless you rid yourself of Will crook while at aohool, you will probably go bent to your grave. There is one goou way te oure it. Sboulder boats will not help, One reeds, no an ar- tificial autetitute, but some means 'be devel- op the muscles whose duty it is to hold the nead and shoulders erect, I know cf but one bull's eye ahot It is to carry a weight en the head. A eheepekin or other stroog bag filled with twenty to eighty pounds of sand Is a gcod weight. When engaged in your morning etudies, either before pr after breakfast, put this bag of tend on your head, hold your heal erect, draw your obin close to your neck and v alk elowly hout the room, coming back, if you pies. ss, every minute or two to your book, or carrying the book as y ea vvalk. The musoles wboee duty it ha to hold the head and shoulders erect are hit, not with nattering shot, but whir, a rifle ball. The bones ot tbe spins and the intervertebral substanoe will soon accomo- date themselves to the new attitudo. One year of e ally practice with t'ne bag, half n hour mewling and evening, will give you a noble carriage, without interfering a mo- ment with your studies. It would be very diffieult to Put hate a pal agreph more important inetraction than this. Your respiration, Notice and strength of spine, to say nothing of your oppere /ince, will find a new departure in this owe of drooping ehoulders. The Law of Long Life. Nathan Allen, M.D., LL.D., bas elven many yeare of study to physiological laws ha their relation to greet aocial problems. He has contributed to the /Sew England Medical Monthly a suggestive paper on the " None el Standard of Pi ysioloey." This standard, he holds, crnsiits ha the perfeot baler ce of all the organs and their hasmeni- ous weeking. He comperes the body to a Complicated machine, so thoroughly and perfectly made that the friction comes o (p- ally on every part, according to the design in i s ctnatrac.ion. A change at any one point deetroys the balance, and thus be- C3Me0 the entering wedge of disease. Hence, a perfect standard of health is where every organ is perfect in strrcture and fur ction. Steh a standard indicates the law of long- evity, as well as the law of health. Long life must depend on the harmonious work- Ing,of a well balanoed organization. Her ow we find that the very aged are remarkable for evennese an their mental, moral and so - del elements of charactar. Hence, too, the chases specially defective in body and mind arenotably short-lived. Respiration, digestkn, &imitation, assimil- ation midst cceticn must be equally enstein. ed. A failure at one point dieturbs the har- mony of the whole. The same principle lies at the basis of the law of heredity. The long-lived of twdsy have had long-lived anceeturs, horn whom they have inherited well-balanced organs. On this general balance also depende the law of increase. Hence, a predominance of the nerve tissue lessens the birth-rate, and tends to the extinction of the family and the race. This is illuttrated in the ciee ef the Eurcpsan nobility • It is as signally in lustrated in New England. Within two or three generations the Math -rate of our na- tive popu'ation has diminished more than one-heaf. Teat of the Irish, English end German among us is twice aa large as that of the former. The power tontine offspring bas Equally d iminithed. Defective Hearing. The ear cenobite of the outward, middle, and internal ear. The firetends at the drum (Tampani membrana). The middle begins at the other aide of tne drum, snd hea cav- ity containing the singularly sheped lintle bootie (mallet, anvil and stirrup), which con- vey the air -vibrations, oommunWited by the drum, to the vestibule in the wall of the internal ear. The latter contains a wonder- ful mechanism, by which the vibraticna are transformed kto sensations of eound through the medium of countless delicate nerves, and are thence conveyed to the proper audi- tory centre in tee brain. The comet perticn of the outer ear la lined with cells; which secrete the " wax." The middle ear unites with the mouth by a tube (euetechian), to keep up the necessary eon. nection between the air within and the air without. The middle ear and tube are lin- ed with mucous membrate, which ahio elv- ers the little bones (ossicles.) The mem• bran e of the internal ear secretes a limpid flu.d (return). The nerves are kept bathed in this fluid (endolymp13). DefeeVve hearing may have its mums in either division of the ear. It is quite fre- quent from an accumulation of hardened wax in the internal ptssoge, but the phyei. cian can readily detect the obstruction, and remove it. The drum and e.djaceit parts may beoome inflamed by insects crawling into the passage ; by small objects Introduc- ed within them; by sharp particles of wat- ery/tale of seaiwater ; by oil, used as a rem edy. The middle ear may be inflamed from scarlet fever and some other dieesteone and the drum thus perforated, and the whole cavity and the ossicles be so aff:cted by ad. hesions and otherwise as to destroy or im pair thair Ilse. Even a slight form of inflam- mation may thicken and stiffen the mem- brane which covers the ossieles and the drum externally, and thus impede their ac- tion and blunt the hearbig. A similar in. flammation may cause an otsteuotion of the eustachian tubeawith alike result. ' The delimite nerves of the internal ear may come to have a peculiar irritability, giving rise to the strange symptoms that mark " Moniere's disease "—staggeringt tense of whirling, nausea, etc, Or they may be temporarily exhawited and parelyzed, through mental strain, causing a sudden kin of hearing, with a sense of numbnees in the ear. This can be relieved by wedioine, or it may cease spontaneously, and return again from the same cause. There is also, according to a high anther. ity in the Louden Lancet, a (leakage more Or lees iproncunoed, dile to deficiency M blood -supply of the ear, from the arteries having become roughened and narrowed by along continued, unrecognized inflarnma- tion of the (mate of the blooddieftelc Ia sin+ melee other arteries of the body are in a drafter conditiote which the stetheeoope win readily detect. Thie defect is not in- curable, though difficult of oure, An Englieh company has perfected its ar- rangements for peovidleg sick chambere With telephonee. The objet 18 US give per- sona suffering from omatagious diseaates a chance to talk With their /Wanda. Speak. ing-tubed are inadmiesible on acootint of the info:Maud =tete of the breath. WEALTH UNDER TEE SEA. TIIN WAY THEY' BRING UP YEARES IN THE SOUTH l'ACIEIO OCEAN. "We are working," isaya Mr. Harry Streeter ire his last letter from the pear fisheries, whioh was read to me, "with small open boats and two four -ton ketehets which are peefect in any weather, only coming every second day to give op their shells, The only flaw in our arrange- ments is that the openbosta are too small for the work, in case bad weather nets in they get to leeward, and have to lie over in a heavy ilea and take their chance of swamping, while the ketches, being deck- ed in, ride like ducke. Many a time, after a hard day's work, and all hands thoroughly tired. out, we have had to get up anchor and make sail ater some poor beggar going out to aea,» nob able to res eh the ship. If a at oinks the pump goee down with her, d there is a dress lout. One of the boats has stink twice, bat luckily close to the ribip, and we have sent a diver down and got every thing up without damage. At present we are under the lee of an Wand, and ale the wind. blows from email to southwest) every night, we lie as enug as pontible ; but when. we &at came down we were lying in the middle of the Gall —.blowing a gale of wind every night), and dipping bows and stern ports under, though she had forty-five fathoms of chain out, and the anchorage was only eight fathoms. "I wouldn't go peareing about with Queensland niggers on any consideration. You have got to ride for a couple of menthe up country to catch your men, and after you have got them they must be watched night and clay to prevenb them i putingd Then every one on board literally pigs it out during the time they are on the grounds, having to sleep and eat on deck, no matter what weather. Fancy fifty niggers, six white men, and 60,000,000 cockroaches all chumming to- gether, and all living on damper and tea. The men, who receive a handsome per- centage, work like demons if we say no- thing to them, letting them go out when, they like and return when they like, and. I some you they are out at daybreak and not in till 7 o'clock at night. Your ex- perience of Torres Straits will tell you that if they go down there for three hours a day they think they have dote well. Good eyesight and confidence are all that are wanted for apparatus diving. "All there is to do under the present system is to count the shells on arrival. This take e from an hour to an hour and a half each morning. Chips, myaelf and the mate open them. This takes from two to four hours, depending on the number of shells, and then they are wash - 4. ed and put in the sun dry for twenty- four hours. The she,4 a broken into two pieces, the inside edg a 'clipped, and then packed away in hogsheads. Though the shells run so small here, we have clome on twelve tons in nine weeks, as if they had tun the average of West Australian shells —1,200 to 1,600 to the ton—we should have close to twenty tons on board, as to make our present amount we have over 25,000 shells on board." • Earthquakcs,in Chili. There have been ad -Coral shccks earthquake recently_jalpariso, Arica, Tecna, and Serena. But the most alarm- ing have been at Iquqine, of which the Chiiian, Times Bays: The first shook occurred at 2. 40 A. et. on Dem 11, and it was an unusually heavy one. Buildings were shaken in an omin- ous manner. Five minutes after the first earthquake a slight slunk occurred, and ten minutes after the second a third was felt. The third was followed later by two slight but distant ehook, and it isbelleved that a continuous tremor, last- ing for several consecutive hours, might have been demoted with proper inetru- mentrs. To add to the alarm, the sea wae extraordinarily agitated, and persons residing near the beach left their beds and watched the furiona waves as they broke on the shore, and fear of an irrup- tion of the ocean was uttermost in every- body's mind, the agitation of the sea con- tinued with gradually decreasing violence ehroughout the 121h inst. until nightfall, when it became calm." • Electric lighting of mines in the anthra- cite region is pronounced a failure. We love characters in proportion as they are impulsive and spontaneous. The native who carried from the field the body of the Prince Imperial, when he lost hie life fighting in South Africa, was pre- sented with a diamond ring and pensioned »by the Empreas Eugenie. It is brue in matters of estate, aa of our garments, not that which is largest, bub thab which fits us beat, is beat for us. "Be content with such things as ye have."' The tall cliff balled the Monk, which late- ly rose out of the eea hist south of the Faroe Islande'and was a, eminent landmark to sailors,has fallen siva leaving only a dan- gerous reef upon its sit The Edinburgh Meal Missionary So- ciety reports the opening at its hospital in Haugchow. Many Chinese officiate were present, and a number of the mandarins subecribed liberally toward the building. oAltaregfirewasiteddafy.or:opium patients was filled nh An English sportanian, shooting on the north shim of Long Island, was invited to dinner at a farm house, and was so astonish- ed that he 'writes to a London newspaper about it. "I wonder how often 1 made &gland," he says, "ma farmer, with his family and two men servants, Bite down to rout turkey, chicken pie, with four on five vegetables, and cranberry pie, to say noth- ing of both whiekey and beer to drink," The popular nether that the inhabitants of Chinese &Mee are given to unwholesome habits does not imem to be well founded. Dr, Dadgeon, in it recent work on the diet, dress, and dwellings of the Chinese, says that the people have admirably adaptecl themselves to their eerroundings, and enjoy a maximum of comfort, " They have a. good many lessons yet to teach us in re- aped of living and praotioal health." After an experienoe of over twenty yeera with then, he earl that "they are subjeot to fewer diseases, their diseases are more araenable to treats/Mt, and they possess greater freedom from ante wed inflanimee tory affections of al kinds, if, indeed, these Oal) be wild to exiat at 0," than abtaina among Weittern ration% ,k aal a al of th co le 11 fo th Be th 05 af vi of to br a 1 th on BO pa eal in an et of fu of te of on be ex re be. ba it tut da foi tri oft ov. sp it o po fel eai let Is ghl to Co ter hid sti Ge tic he or, tie be • dim ha tra ter