HomeMy WebLinkAboutExeter Advocate, 1906-12-13, Page 6 (2)IuTL!S AND COMMIINTS
viret. eg treeteetitatee reside recentty
tat Sie fleeter Caireelitelairounersotten the
Fenno Kate:nee, end Me. Asti -anti, Cilan-
.CaZ;)2 of tare idatettetitter, tittna seems Zo
/2'0 1P40 tt:10 L74, tneetem-
reetat Celeeneseta to ivo en feta Age
Iteatiten ittheonett the flettete Ceni.
dierelednn Vito ertieent Fare
lientent. itcplyinn to a depatation of
ntetaters og tale reitver 1101157 the Pre -
neer entetraneed that the w,.-A,tor a old
Q0 peneions would be tatten up as econ
os tnnr . ona money sleould permit, ins
enlittela objectton on •the Score a a
lack of Weals would naturally be pressed
most strenetly by the Chaucellor or the
Eatehequer, the sante deputation re-
garded as peculiarly encouraging Mr.
Asquithis assurance thatianothing was
nearer his heart than the desire to eult-
mit a 'financial plan for 'suele pensions.
He. added that the Alinistry deemed the
question one of extreme urgency.
-There are -moral, and 1.tictleqi tre"s°n,
why the expediency of taking up the
matter of pensions for euperannuated
workmen should eoramend iteelf to the
Liberal Covernmeet„ at this time. To
glance at the reasoits in their edieler, it
is evident that Engtond ca,nnot much
longer afford to leg far behind Ger-
many is regard$ consideration for that
large section of the population which
*tears, iteell'out in the service of capl-
ial, She cannot afford much tongeit tto
legislate on the egoistic principle taken
tor granted in the query: "Ami 1 nay
brotberis,Iteeper?" Especielly would an
ettitude of indifference be inopportune
dust now, when the remarkable results
411 Bismarck's peesion leglslatlon Nave
teen given to the world on, the twenty-
fifth anniversary of the termulation of
his programme. The intention ems
bodied in thot prograinme was, 4 will
be recalled, that the Siete should sys-
tematically assist working people by'
accident, illness and eld eee insurence.
Now it appears frOrn tae statistics
'published last month that no less a sum
than .$555,000,604 has been paid out .in
Germany, cluring the last twentyyears
for fitness; .$282,000,000 for eccidente,
and $13,504,000 for Old age. If the last
amount seems comparatively small, we
should bear in mind that the great ma-,
jority -of the workmen 'insured have not
yet reachedthe age 'limit at which pen-
Olons begied If from the total expendi-
lute, we turn to the *number of benefi-
ciaries, we find that ,since the pension
Acts becanie operative, two decades, ago,
no fewer than 60,000,000' persons have
profited by 13ismarck's iegislalion Of
"eoerse, the Socialists criticise these re:
..sults, partly because in their opinion
.Much more lin& be accomplished, and
partly because they allege that by mak-
ing any -move at all in 'this direetion the
old Chancellor tried to steal their thun-
der. Unbiassed onlookers, on the other
hand, recegnize. the tranquillizing serd
Vice rendered to the nation by the pee-.
'Mon leeislation, and credit ite with be-
ing the principal cause of the measure of
contentment with which the working
population of Germany bears the griev-
outs burden of :conscription.
. In England recent events have =dee,/
plain to leaders of the old political
parties that the working populatlon
must be reckoned with, .and that 11 its
discontent arid restlessness ark' -to be
allayed they 'must take a. teal frdth rns
Merck% book. Mr. 'Joseph Chamberlain
awakened to the tact some years ago,
4rid he is personally committed to old
oga pensions, while other 'conspicuous
Unionists have said that they would riot
oppose. pension' legislation but for the
etrain to . which they feared it would
eubject the imperial exchequer. It is,
however to the Liberals that the neces-
Sity of conciliating the working people
of Great Britain by substantial and iea-
pressive concessione has been brought.
directier borne by the unexpected and
cevere reverse which they encountered
the other day at the munielpal elections,
not only in Greater London, but all over
England. The .reverse wane that the
Liberals must postpone a dissolution of
Parliament until they :can appeal to the
, electoron an issue more iyelevant and
telling than the Education hill, which
only the Protestant Nonconformists
favor in itstGoveremeritt form.
•
An Old Age Pension bill would be
more papillae witle the toiling massee of
the British people than any other bill
that could be framed. Especially would
this be the ease if Prime Minister leant
terman should carry out his expressed
intention of prapoeing a low freed from
the eentributery feature of •the rBis
mar/Irian celleme, to whielt derinen
everlarieri have objected on aecourit of
the inquisitorial machinery ittvolved.
Cidenettely, the establiddinient old age
pineiothe in Great Britain would give a
able impetue to the aghttition for
iilar legier ton in neaten land ,else
re.
tiesetetteansoineat
..jitike: °Why ore, you fee (leer bother-
ing me about that blU I me you rr
Aliehe "I nerd ,thintencyrt Jinke
"Then etei ought to be aide to temps-
tinett Atrial hie. 1 nced the inolie,y, too."
HE SOURCE OF TRUTIfTlIE GREATEST MARKET
N MI NOVGOROD FAIR IN ITS 0
GLORY TIIIS VEAIt.
no;wledge of God Is the First Re
qujsite of Virtue
. reeve then the God of thsd gathers
Dna eereediiim with an entire heart attel
with a willing eoul.—Citronicles
.9.
. From a seriptueat .point ofeinew, /mow -
ledge) eg God is the greatest “nd sub-
limest virtue that man „should trive to
possess.
Prophet Isaiah looked forward to that
glorious time "When the earth will be
u'l of the knowledge of the Lord as the
waters cover the sea,"
Prophet Hosea, expostulating with hie
people, said to them: "Hear the word of
tile Lord „ . for the Lord has.con-
troversy with the inhabitariteeof the
land, because there is no truth, nor kind
-
nese nor knowledge of God in the
lands." •
All the uncleitt prophets from Moses
he Malachi -made -strenuous efforie to
impress their People with the 'necessity
of acquiring knowledge of God because
awl' a knowledge Is the fountain from
rvidch flows the highest attainments
whicis make up- the sum and eubetance
MAN'S SPIRITUAT. LIFE.%
t A wise son who knows his father's
integrity, bis good nature and charactet;
his aelfeszicrificing devotion to Ins fain-
ily, will never tire in the fulnliment of
his filial duties; will prove his effeetion
to his father by respecting, revering and
obeying him and by acting up to Ills
wishes and deaires. Se will he who knows
,his heavenly Fattier contemplate His
wonderful works and the ways of 1 -lis
merciful providence, the care and
watchfulness which He has always ex-
erelteed in behalf of Ills children, and,
above all, the perfect good qualities
which corstituto the eesence ef ilis be'
ing, never cease to venerate end tuiore
Hine to love truth, justice and itindnees
and to live up to the teaehings which
Ho has revealed tot us through.lias great
and distinguished men.
The knowledge of God as father ot
mankind necessarily must lead to hu-
manity and quality. Hence, when Moses
addressed King Pharos& in th.e name ot
the Lord to set the cbildren of Israel
free front bondage, he arrogantly re-
plied: "Who is the Lord that I should
oberflis voice? I know not the Lord.'"
IT IS A TRUISM .
which cannot be gainsaid that those in-
dividuals as well as. nations who know
not the Almighty, yes, who form a
wrong e and erroneens conception of
Hini, are never exempt, froan prejudice,
barbarism and tyranny. .
Iring, David, therefore, very oppor-
tunely at the time when his on Solo.
mon via about to succeed him as ruler
of israel, brought home to his heart a.
wholesome lesson in the words: "Know
thou the God ief thy father and serve
Him."
The God of thy father is the Creator
ot all frustum beings, henee thou must
not lift up thyself in pride and vanity
ebove thy fellow men. The God of thy
father loves all Idsehilaren so 'must
thou treat all thy subjects' ato. The
God of Thy father is the source of truth;
justice and mercy, so must thou endeto
vor to be just, truthful and gracious and
by so doing thou will serve and worship
Him faithfully and loyally,
•ree*********:
HOME. t
SELECTED RECIPES.
Tomato Soup—One Pint of beet broth,
belt cup of sweet mill, half pup strained
tomato, one tablespoonful butter rolled
An flour, salt and pepper to, taste. ,
Dumplings—One pint of flour, two tea-
spoonfuls baking powder, a little salt,.
one scant cup milk; make a soft dough,
drop quickly, and cook ten minutes
without lifting the cove?.
Orange 'Pudding—Six small, eweet-
orahges cut up, one cup sugar poured
over them and let stand. Make' a pus-
tard of one pint of milk, a little salt,
Yelkse„of three eggs.,, well beaten, two
tablesporinfuls flour in a little cold milk
add to bailing milk and pour over the
oranges. -I3eat the 'whites of eggs to et
Miff broth, add one 'tablespoonful pow-
dered sugar, pour over the the custard;
set in the ovento brown.. Eat cont.:
• net Pudding—One cup suet, chopped
line, ono cup raisins, half cup molas-
ses, one cup 'Milk, half teaspoionfut
eoda, one teaspoonful cream of tartar,
two eggs and salt: Stearn three hours.
Cottage Pudding—One egg, one table-
spoonful of butter, three-fourths imp of
sugar, one-half cup of milk, two cups
fieureshvo teaspoonfuls 'baking pow -
dr; flavor with len-ion .extract and bake
in a hot oven; serve with hot liquid
sauce.
Fried Cakes—One cup sugar, one
cup sweet /Mike tvvo eggs, three table-
spoonfuls; melted butter; two teaspoon-
fuls baking powder, flour enough to
handle well; fry in hot lard. .
VanUla Cookies—One cup sugar, two-
thirds cup butler, two eggs, one and
.onedialf teaspoonfuls baking powder,
one teaspoonful vanilla, one tablespoon-
ful.sweet milk, add flour enough to roll
out. . , -
Ginger Snaps—Put one teaspoonful af
eocia and one of ginger into a teacup
and fill with molasses, ant heat until
very light, then put. three tablespoonfuls
of lard Into a cup and pour three table-
spoonfulboiling water over in ,Inix
with enough flour to roll out well and
bake in a quick oven.
Drep Coolcies.—One—eup slider, half
cup butter, one eup milk, One egg, two
cups flour, two heaping teaspoonfuls
baldng powder, orie-fourth i nutmeg,
drop in tins and bake in 4 quick oven.
Cocoanut Pudding—Grate one cocoa-
nut, three dried biscuits,rolled fine, or
the eaine quantity in stale bread, eight
egge, one-fourth pound butter, a littie
salt, one quart milk to be boiled and
poured on the dry bread, the cocoanut
to be poured in the Iasi thing. if the
pudding is dlairier, putin less butter and
more bread and milk, eccording to your
own. judgment.
Rice and Apple 'Pudding—Core os
many nice apple e as will till the diets,
boil them in light, spun, Prettare ones
fourth pound of rice in milk, with eu-
gar and salt, put eame ot the rice in
the dish, then put in the apple; and 11
up the ititervals with rice. Rake in the
oven till it is a fine color. '
Boiled Leg of Lamb—Plunge the, joint
into a pan of boiling water, and when
it boils up, draw it, to the side of elle
fire and let it cool a little. It the joint
weighs ahout live pounds cook it gently
for tut hour and a quarter. When cool:-
eit pour white ,saueet over it and garnish
i,vith boded carrots or cauliflower. -
Delieieue codfish belle are made by
taking 1 cupful of codfish, 2 cupfole of
raw potatt3eli Ott. into sniall pleees, 1
egg, re„tdeessittionful of renter and a daell of
pepper. !tut itlie rate, potatoes and cod.
fish in boiling %tater and boil tilt the
polatotie are teteler. Then drairi care-
fully and math, adding the beaten, egg,
butter and pepper. `rake a reunded
tableepooeful of tlifs mieiture, and ptith
cif Mtn ho , iIeji fat. ,
Friceeeti Steak. (it. the ciente from 1
the round or rump into small sqtiares,
arid flour them liehtly. Put Atone drip.
ping into a frying -pan. Slice into it a
Spenielt enion, and mid svelte (looked
tomatoes, if in teasel), (if not, half a tett-
I
cupful of temato pulp will do); lay it
the pieces of eteak and fry them a niee
brown. - put the pieces of steak into at
Saucepan, strain the contents of e fry -
Ing -pan over, add a teacupful of boil-
ing Watt* and. stock, and simmer gent-
ly for a good hour., Serve with boiled'
rice, as it for curry. The slices of onion,
can be left in with. the steak if liked.
;
,IIINTS FOR THE HOME.
To Harden the Icing on Cakes—Stand
them when ided in a dry place for four
or five days. The icing should be mixed
very stiffly ' and flattened with 4 knife
dipped into boiling water.
To Remove Stains from Flannel..—
Take the yolk of a raw egg, mix it with
a tablespoonfulof glycerine, and apply
to the spot; let this soak in well before
washing the garment In.a lather of boil-
ed soap. •
Make Celery Salt.—Procure some e,elt
•.ery seed, dry at thoroughly on a baking
sheet, pound it in a Mortar tin sante fine,
and add two parts to one of dried stilt.
•Scratehes In varnish will entirely dis-
'appear if a coarse cloth that has been
saturated with einseed oil bo laid over
them. This...simple yernedy is invaluable
to those who have the care of carriages
and 'other highly Wished furniture.
To Make Boots Wear, Welleelldhen
buying new boots, never wear them be-
fore putting on the sole two coats et
varnish. This treatment make* the
boots last twice as long,. besides.rerider-
ing them watertight. t
Never throw away egg shellsi for they
should be washed and added to the
,stoeltoot to clear the soup.
.Clothes pegs boiled a few minptes and
dried quickly about once a etton.th be-
come more durable.
On BruiseS:---When the skin is 'not
lacerated, treat, them by applying a pad
of lint in eau -de -Cologne and keeping
the pad in position by a bandage.
To dean plaster of Paris ornaments,
cover them with a thick layer of starch
and let it dry. Remove with a stiff
b!'liSitlie.n cooking fruit, 'es'peC
Wielly dried
prunes, apples, ete.2 add a pinch of salt
and you will be surprised at the ;xi/ -
preyed flavor. A pinch of salt is stifil-
cient for a fruit tart.
When making stock never allow It
to stand in the saucepan all night, but
strale off into the besin' while still hot.
Remove the fat before adding the meat
and liquor to tthe banes again.
To Clean a White Fur Rug.--Putet
rug on to a firmtableand rub At vee
-tenth bran moistened tvith hot wa
Rieb next with a flannel till the fur is
quite dry, then with a piece of book
muslin applst dry brerrin the same man-
nert Afteriwarche put 6011W magnesia
beta a muslin bag tind well rub into the
fur. It is an irnprovelnent to stretch the
skin before beginning this process. To
eecomplish Me, first sponge the hide
with a mixture of salt, and water, OW)
eare not to wet the fur,putthe skin,
fur dertaiwards. on to a table, and, with
the hand, stretchit as far OS possible.
Keep it in desired position by nailing
it with tin -tacks on to the table.
To Make Paper SticIr to Metal.—lifip
the metal into a strong hot solution cf
washin eoda and wipe it dry seith
ster. Theri apply onion juice
to surface of the metal, when any
ji1ft' will adhere so firmly that it vill
be found difficult to separate them.
To Restore Scorched Linen. - -Add to
hall a pint, of vinegar half an ounce tef
soap arul two ounces of fuller's earth,
toil tilt thoroughly mixed. Spread ewe
of the paste on the scorched article with
Ti knife; let it dry on and the ecorch will
divatepear. The inixture should bit kept
'hi a covered jar for use.
For Chilblains—These two recipee have
been sent me by a hind correspondent,
who sive tilt/ are excellent: (I) For
unbroken, chilblains: ono ounce of gly-
cerine, one ounce of eulphurous acid
(not euirthurie acid), and ttvo ouneo of
roseweter. &fix all together thoroughly,
end apply night and morning. 021 For
broken chilblains: Locateliie baltam,
,four drachms; eitrine ointment, eme
drachm: balsam of Pern, ten (trope.
Spread; this salve on collet wool OP lint
anti ripply night and ritornhig.
lie -"You're getting your het ruintelA
She its an old hat, and .1 do
hate to wet toy new umbrella."
emarkable Gathering of ussuhnans
of the Great aussian
Empire.
•
During the last two and a half yeas
neither the German commercial traveller
nor his wams. have lied mtich chance tn.
get along the Siberian railroad. Now
that the Wan line of steel, running for
six thousand Miles 'rem Moscow to
Vladivostok, is free from the conveyanee
of troops, the Siberian, towns,, which
have been starving for goods, are dee
mending large supplies and speedy de.
liveries. In the disturbed condition of
the country, however, German firms have
ShOWn no eagerness to, risk the lives of
their travellers in a region, where the
value of life is decreasingly regarded,
nor to forwerd goods for which there is
a very problethatic prospect of payment.
Accordingly, Maliontet leas had to come
to the 'maintain, and this year, write
Foster Fraser in the London Standard,
Nijrit Novgorod- is besklog in Its eld,
glory.
The fair has provided opportunity for
a remarkabie gathering -ea eongress re-
presenting twenty rnflhion Muesulman$
at the Russian Empire—Moslerns from
South Russia*, men who have taken to
the garb and castans of the Westeand
who, with their hair cropped a, la Fran
cuise and imperials, dark gray loitinge
heeltets and patent.leather boots, might
easily be mistaken for Parisians, Mos.
lems from Morigolia and Itokbara, men
slim and sellow Oncl-sO0Atp, with shaven,
heads and 'henna dyed iitards; meal in
long flowing and embroidered sheepskin
coats, boots Of red and turbans of green,
who, for sitting, find Ike floor more coin
fortable.than chairs.
• THE SHREWD TATARS,
The Tatars are the cleverest mer-
chants who come to Nijni Novgorod,
Whether it be -in the selling of "over-
land" tea—believed by the lMuscovite to
have been brought by caravan front
China, but which has been sent around
by ship to Odessa and trained to Nijni—
or in making a 'fuss with precious stories.
which he hints have been stolen from the,
mins, and therefore are to be obtained.
at a bargain, but which are imitation,
madein e. Parisian factory, the Tatar
scores. ' '
He stands by his shed or stall, look-
ing cold and grimy, his fur cap down
over his ears, ant his hands hidein The
sleeves of his skin coat, which is 'badly
tanned and most 'unappetizing ire adore
He has wondrous stacks of skins, from
silver fax down to rat. "tou can walk
the better part of a Mile past shops
crowded with skins, most requiriog to
be cured. For a year Siberia is hunted
dor skins to supply the Mint Novgorod
mart 3 The tribes .of the north Stalk in
the winter; colonies of political exiles
have tpmetnnes little other means of
winning 'a livelihood than by getting
skins. . ' •
Over. hundreds of miles of trackless
snow the skins are hauled till a 'river is
reached. Then by boat they are brought
to some place where the Siberian rail-
way can be touched or are taken to
some affluent of the Volga. The Tatar
merchant has his buyers everywhere.
In his slothful but still methodical Way
he meets the skine at certain points and
arrives at Nine' Novgorod with -perhaps
a ceueple of thousand Pounds 'worth ,of.
goods. •
CONDIA;t1h16 A SALE.
'fhe market is core..,..zeceed on strictly
entasterri "principles. Th-ae is na- fixed
price. Everything is worth' what it will
tetch. The Tatar asks twice as much
as a thing, is worth, aware all the tirne
that you know he is asking double svhat
he will accept. You offer. half what the
thing is worth, aware that he knowe that
you intend to increase the offer. 'Se,
much time is wasted by him regretfully
lowering his price and you grudgingly
raising .your offer, until at the end you
come very near if .not actually to the
price you both know to be about right.
There are splashes of the picturesque
about the people who attend the fair.
They have come from all points of the
compass, by the slow and dirty Russian
traine, by the huge, cerennodious, shale
low draughted, naphtha eleiven Volga
boats—quite as big as the notorious
floating towns on American- streams, -
and by caravan. Iluseitme from the
towns are dressed In the European
style, on the German model; Ilus.sions
from the country are in wide trousers
and top hoots, flapping rest shirts and
thiek belts; they are, bearded, while the
hair Is cropped shoet, and the hack of
the ,neck shaved; their wOrnert are plain,
steut, fighreless, and hue shawls tied
about their heads.
There Inc the brawn eloalsed. sheep-
skin hatted Persians from betoW the,
Caucasus mounteles; there are almonds
eyed Mongol's, ehrivet faced and wisp
itv.hisketted; there are tarty Elltiats and
gray robed Men from .13olthare; there
are innuMerable Tatarsisome accom-
panied by their Women f act fat, swad-
dled, %veering collar box hats of velvet
decorated with pearls.
TIIE FAIR GROUND
is a mod flat lying across the Volga
/rem Mill Novgorod proper. There are
rows upon rows of cheap, brick sheds,
one storey bletrit yellow eehred, vvith
pavement of eorts. The roadway, once
Cobbled, is a rouse of disgustifig mire.
Peasant eartem, i11. charge of incorise-
(merit teams hauling- miscellaneous mert
chandise, yell and bawl. A jolting
(11(1. :Ly attempting to dash by espiaslies
tbe uniforoit of a Russian officer with
filth, and as the Itunsian nangutige is
well Stored with expletives, there IS
Violont cureing. Itusuian eoldiers, un-
washed and in unkempt clothing, trudge
sullenly inthe gutter, earrying big
loevea of black bread tinder their arms.
A cadaverous, long haired, black
erowned priest pee hurrying isy. Old
woinell ,e1,C$0 theineelves and young mien
epit on theigroundS A bunch of Poreine
fliinese in 'bit e jackete and with ewing4
ing Malin 'ie ''.r the bridge from
Chinatowin where en the buildings have,
eaved that ker. tihd en the dionel orr4,
painted rampant drapeins of fearful de-
mo, 10 0444411 AW:tty thieves
—width they probably tiO. Tinkle, tin-
_
itte and an ceehesesesl ?rave sect lairtip
eteseireeteetenee 'M C'3 LmFLI43
sno 1VIC,1Curin aro geeing tap cast
detetteing they look toweid Aliceca, vhih
thty do not, and cm reivrridalg their
dceeSieeein the etecel Moscow incr
climate ere inces esijcineee cafe, and a
geereeeltaise hlaees "I eveuein't Zewic iny
Wllo, Mgt for yeet."
There is MO constaot elicit* et the ate,-
eus-eheade en wfres,on which we
learned to count as children, and with,-
dat which the Busetan, inheriting its use
from Tatar ancestors, eaonot reckon
Low many
TWO AND 1..aEE TOTAL.
A piaelsill on the nide cf rickety
kiosk announces a performance—in flits -
elan, of course—of "The deisbart No-
where have I eeen euch a jastling of
East und West.
One likes to think Nijni Novgorod fair
is Oriental. It is custamary to associate
the Orient wait the dazzling. But there
is nothing dazzling about the fair. The
Eastern practice is followed of liaving all
the shops selling particular wares in
one dietrict. I toOked for old silver and
found cartloads oft crude Austrian
electroplate. I -ought antique rugs and
got a heunacb.e looking at the vile, high-
ly colored and grotesquely patterned
mods manufactured in German Poland.
The only enabroideria$ ,were imitation
rubbish :roof- Switzerland, In a dirty
cafe I did come across sorne melancholy
Persians who had turquoise and °pet
stones to sell, and wd spent a rairlY,
afternoon in haggling.
Yet there is a fascination in the multi-
tude of articles. At tines one can line -
gine that all the manufacturers of
shoddy articles have dumped their things
op Volga -side. Try to: picture a third of
a mile or tombstones for sale --though,
Hibernian like, most'nf t10 stones are of
wood. Here the merchantefrom.the far
interior may acquire a really striking
monumentwhich will Troti{e him the
envy of hie neighbors who bave never
been to the fair. A whole street is de-
voted to the eat° of ikons, pictures of
,saints set out in Byzantine style in flans-
ing gilt, and to be found in every RUS-
shin house in theeright hand corner at
the upper end of the room.'
There are 'streets. $ecred to the sate of
Russian bootse-there must be mullions of
them. Battalions of sacks laden with
raisins block one thoroughfare; another
road is a maze of bales of wool. A row
of shops is giveen,up to
TIIE SALE OF UMBRELLAS,
and there 14 merriment watching the
astonished countenance of a simple pea-
sant VOIntin having an umbrella opened
in her face for the first time. Miles upon
miles of cotton goods are here, with no
nonsensical half shades about them; but
strong • and unmistakable reds and
greens and blues and yellows. Half a
street is given up to cheap dermal' toys.
- -In the centre ot the fair is a large red
brick arcade, with stops selling the
usual tinsel and expensive things; with
the usual band pleying in the -afternoon;
and the usual row of wooden faced in-
dividuals sitting on belittles and stolidly
enjoying the music. There, is the usual
pestering by importunate dealers. And
there are literally billions of postcards.
Lest evening at sundown- I dimbed
the 'hilt of the quaint leaned 'fortress •
which 'guards Nijed Novgorod. The falls
Mg sun -was burnishing the domes of
Innumerable churches, a hundred sweet
toned bells, beateitewith wooden ham-
mers, made „the evening melodious.
There was the heavy tramp of hill kilted
Russian soldiers mounting the 'hill to
the *fortress; there was the distant babel
of a city doing business at the top of
its Voice; down below on the 'Volga, was
the scurrying of tugboats hauling mam-
moth cattle boats and snalcelikerafts
lista place, and the coestant shrill warn -
frig hootsikrdoe,elisetrset
rensti away .eastward,
Siberta.w
ched a flat ;and lin-
broken land to the very horizon, with a
lowering purple sky deadening to Vlack.
af...,rmtorWs•
TRE SUNDAY SCIIOOL
INTERNATIONAL LESS.O'N,
DEC. 16.
Leszon, XI. Jesus Risen From the Dead.
Golden Text: rilatt, 28. 6.
TnE LESSON "WORITSTUDIES'.
teotee-The text of the Revised Version
is used ris a „basis for these Word
Stgh4?..s
eliely Sepulchre',—In point of loco, -
lion the narrative of John makes it plain
that the tomb of Jesus must be identified
with the place of his cruelfixion 'Now
in the place where he was crucified
there was a garden; and in the garden
a new toinb wherein was never man yet
laid. There thext because of the Jews'
Preparation (for the tomb Was nigh at
hand) they laid Jesus" (lolin 10, 41, 42).
But the site of Calvary, de was pointed
out to the Word Studies for last Sun-
day, cannot be positively identified.
Under the rounded knoll of firriestone
reek juet beyond' the Damascus Gate
thetsite known an Gordan's Calvafy and
favored by some recent authorities -a
there -is a cave tatled-3eremlah's Grotto
which WO$ appahently once used OS a,
place of burial. This inay have been
the tomb in which the body of Jesus
rested. The traditional site, however,
which for fifteen centurles was not twee,
Honed, is within the Church of he Holy
Sepulchre, near th6 very heart of the
present city, and in ell probability olso
within the outer wall of the ancient oily
of Ierusalern. In es,hint., of kind, the
sepulchre of kens wris beyond question
identical with the enore.e0M111011 rock -
hewn tombs which the jews cut itt the
perpendicular sides of the low, eon
limestone ranges in which Palestine
abounds.' Sometimes advantage was
taken of the natural eaves end caverns
of whieh there are ninny in the eoft
strata of JUN -tame. These early Hebrew
tOmbs ' were marked by their extreme
.simplinity of honetruetion. and the ab-
eencei of arelliteetural ornament, end in
both a there respeete stood in marked
-conteast with Etitui sepulchrel InOn-
lafte141,K Frequently Intlividuels cheers
to have, their last re ;ling pleas in their
(an' vineyards like Jeseph of Arimtts
flute, who had hie Oivn new leaden
1
tut niece et.'* 1-21;"
leaces,er cereekaies eveee
telehe like a, ino rnv-4,7titt,
contained eseveral cpvrute elitoottert
with riciehes .er iialciViA in or tL
tile) wkiV, placed. A tarite
Tar sleek whieh could be roilicit to and
nein iis .pesee dieseltle lew
tethO tendb. eltencitines in level Mucci
raves were sunt: in We serface of tht
roeln and etivtirea with a .eloseiy iittiite
slab.
Verse 1. 1. Late en the Sehiseth day—Ie
reality, after the Falebetfl1 day, witieb
closed with sunset en Saturday evenings
had ended. Luke ts eareful to mention
the fact that "on the Sahlaath day they
the women who had come with him out
of Galilee) rested according to the cone
mantiment."
Toward, the first day of the
ward morning . of Sunday, "at early
dawn" (Luke 24. 1). Matthew here uses
the word "day" in the sense of the opo.
cite of "night"; but counting the day of
fwente-four bows tie beginning either,
as the Jewish day did, at sunset, or as
we now reckon, at midnight, it was "on
the first day of the week" Mark, Luke,
John) that the two Marys, with Salome,
came to the sepulchre.
Mary Magelalenea-Mentioned in Luke
8. 2 as one of several women who min-
isterea unto Jesus. She woe villa Mag.
dalene, probably because from Magclani,
plaee in Galilee. (Comp, Matt, 15, 39).
The other Mary—Mary the mother ot
James, and Solome (Mark 16, 1) These
three. women, baying conscientiously
waited" until the Sabbath should end,
bought spices. (Aftude 10, 1) andesperit'thet
night In preparing ointments with which
they intended to anoint the body of Jesus.
Perhaps they were notaware of the
action of Joseph or- Arimattgett and .
Nicodernus, who had taken "the body et
Jesus, and hound it in linen clothed
with the spices, as the custom of thH.
hleowp: hesw
isto bury' 1niou
" (0,oh4n1stoo
19 40), i
r teeTic;
mite also to the more costly and &thins
ate gifts of these wealthier disciples,
2. A great earthquake—Not mentioned
by any of the ether evangelists, Mate
thew alone explains how the great
stone, the thought of which heel worried,
the women on thefr way from the -eltYa
•Was removed from its place -at the -open,
'ing of the tomb. -
An angel .of the Lord --Luke and johnl
both mention tvira angels ; ITO) mew
-
stood by them in Shining garments
" -
(Luke); "Two angels in , white ..silting"h
(John) Mark (16. 5) speaks of "a young
man sitting on the ig1iL side" of' the
place where the body ef Jesds, had lain
"arrayed in a white robe," Theses ills.
crepancies may be accounted for by the
agitation of the . witnesses of-- Utz
momentous, scene.
4„ The watchers—The Reman guard'
granted by Pilate to prevent; the removal
of the body'. by friends or disciples oi
j°5s11, not ye—The original elearri.
pitteee the emphasis on the' prortoure
!'yeSs's. They had not,the same cause for
fear as the, Roman soldiers.
6. Even as he eaid—Two distinct pro-
pliecies of Jesus thet he would rise again.)
from the dead are recorded by lelatellew
(Comp. 12, 40e 16. 21) In Matt. 26, 3
also Josue refers to the fact of hiserese
"urection,
7; Tell his disciples-Nafark adds Papa?
Peteir."
Into Galilee ---"But -alter 1 am 'raised:.
U4 I will go before you intd
(Matt. 26. 32}
Jesus met them—Not, however, un-
til after he had revealetl himself septte
lately to Mary Magdalene, as -Mark ex-
plicitly points_ out. We must also in-
sert the events recorded in Luke 24. 8-12s,
and John 20. 2-1.3 just preceding verse -
9 of our text. These „passages recozl?
the harried visit of -Peter and john to.
the tomb upon hearing the report of the
women, •
11. The important testim,ony relating -
to the bribing of the Rornantguards con.
tained.in Ihe remaining verses of -our
lesson narrative' are pet:lunar to Mat.
thews ,
13. While we slept—The penalty for
sleeping at his post, inflicted upon a
Roman soldier, Was death. The incident
reveille the desperate straits to which the e
Jewish authorities were driven in their
attempt to coneeal facts.plain tO svhe
cared to know the truth. '
la. We will' Persuade him—They had
been successful in persuading Pilate te*
pronounce the death seirtence upon art
inisocent, prisdner whom they hated; and
reasoned that it would be no more di
cut in an emergeney to persuade hint to
let men apparently guilty go free. ,
15, This saying . oontinuoth until
this .'day—Matthew, is \wiling for Jewe
familiar with 'thtiefact which he cells to
-their 'attention,.
MAPPING OUT 'CITIES.
itIonicipality' 'Should Ituy Land anti*
Plan Suburbs.
If new countries would learn from
Ishon ultsisicaoknevsey°eidjh4°Itdbottmlottviueambelnetiesin.
England ageinat jerry-building eand thti
,indiscrirninate• laying out ' of .streets
without tiny general plarining by the „
local authorities. In Birmingham a
few daye ago there was a rousing/eons
ference to diecitss the drsgracefte esth1.
dition of the Mums of that eilty. Mr.'
Nettleford (Mr. Chamberlain's former
,partner) declared it was no more ri-
diculous to build mte room at a time
Without considering how all would fit,
together, (heti it le to.lmild a town a
street, itte (i lime, as the individual own- ,
ers 'might desire. This has been the
elmotie procedure in London, lairming-
hain, and all the great English cities,
end pestilent slums are the result. in
German towns the loeal eutIlituiritylt.
s
I)\\1'1' to borrow money andybui
ing gretund 111 edvanee end plan the
suburbs for the future inerenee of nee
population.. It ie now sought tu get"
that eystem for England, whose great
eitiee are at the mercy of thp. specula«
live builder. In Ilournville, the garden
it sited* Birmingham', built by, Air.
Cadbury, for his workpeople, the deeth
rato is 11 •e than otuathied that of tee
working OlaS$ SuburlA or Birmingham.
One of the relingteri, goardinne, speek;
ing on the questimi flf drainege, enid
mit ix time We mit down, our fools. with t
loud, voice .1"