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Home My WebLink AboutTimes-Advocate, 1985-02-13, Page 16oxygenated blood to every Cell 1n the body and carry off wastes The enure body depends upon this system An undeistanding of the diseases and abnormalities which afleci this proper lona/0111ng rs .mporlaat' Page 4A Times -Advocate, February 13, 1985 SOMEDAY 'NUMMI' MAY Heart -Disease Stroke are Canada's No. 1 Health Problem. Know the Facts 0. Heart and Circulatory System • The heart is a lour -chambered double pump that beats 100,000 times a day while moving 4,300 gallons of oxygen -rich blood through the circulatory system to the entire body. As the heart beats, contractions of the thick muscle wall (myocardium) pump blood from the hears through 60,000 miles of blood vessels. The heart rests only a fraction of a second between beats. The normal adult circulatory system contains about 8 pints of blood, which is recirculated contin- uously through the body. The heart has two pumping stations. One pump (the right heart) receives blood which has just come from the body after delivering nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues. It pumps this dark, bluish red bood to the lungs. where the blood gets rid of a waste gas (carbon dioxide) and picks up a fresh supply of oxygen. which turns it bright red again. The second pump (the left heart) receives the oxygenated blood fromthe lungs and pumps it out through the large trunk -artery (aorta) to be distributed by smaller arteries to all parts of the body and eventual return to the right heart. arteries morrows venules •.----w reins The Cncul`tOry system .s a complex arrangement of vessels - arteres and arterioles Ismail arteltest capillaries (minute blood vessels) and veins and venules *smaII veins) They branch out iron one to another to dtshlbute Cardiovascular System The heart and blood vessels, because they are so inter- dependent. are referred to as the cardiovascular system. Diseases affecting this system can be inherited. can result from living habits. or can be caused by infections or injuries during embryonic life or at any time following birth. Some diseases primarily affect the blood vessels; others only the heart itself. Among the major disetses are those which cause the blood vessels to narrow and deteriorate with resultant damage 10 the heart, brain. kidneys, or other parts of the body. RIGHT HEAI1t 1 , lEf T HEART • 5e,rn,ra hlnnd hu,n the 1.44 anti p., .•u+1 nnn,.gh env poli..,, .. Ntrry lu.lhr hinny, A..., a pass °p lora. .. R,,,..et o.ygen cull hluud 11e lungs and pumps ,. n:oa,g. 15. .114 to 1... hoop NEED in Atherosclerosis, as an underlying cause, contributes directly to more than 66,000 deaths annually from heart attack and stroke. Early identification and modification of the risk factors - particutarly high blood pressure and elevated blood choles- terol - could help prevent or retard the development of atherosclerosis and the heart attack and stroke which may result. 'isle Deterioration of Arteries The deterioration of a normal artery (top) is seen as atherosclerosis develops and begins depositing fatty substances and roughening the channel lining (middle) until a clot forms (bottom) and plugs the artery to deprive the heart muscle of vital blood which results in heart attack. Cardiovascular Diseases Heart Attack Heart and -blood vessel disease is the leading cause of death and disability in Canada. It afflicts more than 2,600.000 men, women, and children in Canada and kills over 80,000 annually - more than all other.iauses of death combined. Most of this damage is caused by (our inajoi iypes of heart disease - atherosclerosis, hypertension, rheumatic heart disease and congenital defect's. These diseases may produce congestive heart failure, heart attack and stroke. Artherosclerosis Atherosclerosis. rhe most common form of arterioscle- rosis. is generally known as "hardening of the arteries". It is a slow progressive process by which the inner linings of the artery become thickened and roughened by deposits of fat, labrin, cellular debris and calcium. These deposits (orm a rough. thick surface inside the blood vessels, and interfere with both the smooth flow of blood and the amount of blood carried through the artery. As the inner walls become heavy and thick, they lose their ability to expand and contract. The blood rnovt I with difficulty through the scarred, roughened walls and this makes it easier for a dot to form. blocking the channeF and depriving the heart, brain.. or other organs of blood. If such a blockage occurs in one of the heart's own arteries, the result is coronary thrombosis. one lorm of heart attack. When it occurs in the brain the result is a cerebral thrombosis. one form of stroke. Heart attacks or strokes may occur suddenly. but the condition of atherosclerosis usually has been budding up for years, corroding the inner lining of the arteries. Usually, when we speak of n heart attack, we mean a sudden blocking of one of the arteries that supply the heart muscle with blood. Although the heart attack is sudden, it is the result of slowly -developing atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries, in which the passageway through the arteries becomes -rough- ened and narrowed by fatty deposits. When this happens, a blood floe *thrombus) may form in the narrowed artery and block the Ilow of blood to the part of the heart muscle supplied by the artery. The result is heart attack, which physicians may calf coronary thrombosis. coro- nary occlusion or myocardial infarction. In myocardial infarction, the heart muscle supplied by the blocked artery does nut gel enough oxygen and other nutrients and begins to die. To enable the damaged heart muscle to heal, small blood vessels open up to detour more blood through the damaged area. This is called collateral circulation. As healing progresses. part of the injured muscle may be replaced by scar tissue. Collateral circulation may also commence long before a heart attack occurs, to take on some of the functions of coronary blood vessels narrowed by atherosclerosis In other types of heart attack, a wandering blood clot may wedge at a narrow point and block the blood flow Narrow but unclogged coronary arteries may not be able to delivet the additional oxygen required in emotional excite- ment or severe physical exertion, and this may lead ro a serious or even fatal disruption of he4rt rhythm. When the heart fails to get enough blood to meet its oxygen needs, a warning pain often dedelops. This chest pilin. angina pectoris. is indicated by a sensation of tightening in the them and pressure os pain behind the breastbone. sometimes radiating to the shoulder. neck, arm, hand or back. Stroke Stroke occurs when there Is intederence with the blood supply to the brain. One of the commonest causes is the blocking of one of the brain's arteries by a clot inside the artery. This condition is called cerebral thrombosis. A clot is not likely to occur in a healthy artery. However. when arteries are damaged by atherosclerosis. clots are apt to form around the rough deposit on the artery wall. Sometimes a wandering blood clot becomes wedged In one of the cerebral arteries. This is called a cerebral embolism. When any clot plugs a cerebral"artery, doctors cab the condition cerebrovascular occlusion. Stroke also occurs when an artery in the brain bursts. This • is called a cerebral haemorrhage. Cells nourished by the artery are deprived of blood and cannot function. The accumulation of blood from the burst artery forms a clot. By displacing brain tissue, it may interfere with brain function and cause mild or severe symptoms. A cerebral haemorrhage is more likely to occur when the patient suffers from a combination of ather- osclerosis and high blood pressure. Haemorrhage of an artery in the brain may also be caused by a head injury or a burst aneurysm- Aneurysms are blood- filled pouches that balloon out from a weak spot in the artery wall and are often associated with high blood pressure. When one bursts in the brain, the result is a stroke. When a stroke occurs, the nerve cells in that area cannot function. These cells control sensation and most of our bodily movements. When nerve cells cannot function, the part of the body controlled by these cells cannot lunction either. The result may be difficulty in speaking, Inability to walk or loss of memory. The effect may be slight or severe, temporary or permanent, depending on which brain .cells have been damaged. how widespread the damage is. how effectively the body can repair its system of blood supply, -or -how rapidly other areas of brain tissue can lake over the walk of the damaged cells. Brain cells must have a continuous and ample supply of oxygen -rich blood. If deprived of blood for more than a few minutes. they will die. Presenbnn of stroke through -modifi- cation of risk factors. therefore. is particularly important since injured brain cells. unlike those of other organs. cannot regenerate. • The 3 Billion Dollar Problem: -Cardiovascular disease is estimated to cost the Canadian economy over $3 billion annually Lail wages awd $1,11111~foo MILLION The • Heart Fund IMAM A national campaign - the Canadian Heart Fond. 1 To rare urgently -needed funds to fight heart and blood vessel disease - our No. 1 enemy 2 Because the results to date justify further morkm SIAM WS MILLION MILLION Total $3,245,000,000 5mrtr 44,..E Irorwnv A.p..w al ow Iondny d 4.40 Reran ! D I.aw 40 O Moo at H or.o•nr. Queen • Un.eo.ry eaired.. chows ^ Co,..rww, erre ode. b Nara Canadian Achievements Canadian scientists have played an important role in pioneering: •C.ett el emeatellee tn-w MILLION I. Pacemakers to control, heart rhythm. 2. Artery transplants to improve blood supply to the heart muscle. 3. Human heart valve replacement. 4. Coronary Core Units which can reduce hospital mortality rates from heart attacks by 30°.. 5. Hypothermia - o blood -cooling techni• que which hos been an invaluable adjunct to modern heart surgery. 6. Surgery to correct one of the defects resulting in "blue babies". Who can put a volue on the tremendous savings in lives alone. which hove resulted from these developments/ WHOM Heart Month. February. WHIM In all len provinces and both semitones MOM By a volunteer canvass of blasnesses and indivduah. by mail and by special events conducted by supporting poonps. WflOr Thousands of Canadian who have vdun• leered their time so help the Heart fund help you heap Taos Pamphlets. posters, newspaper. radio and tetesssion musette/5. canvassers' km and many oche. miseries are available through the ProMncial icI.danom. listed on page 12 THEME "SOASDAY YOUR HART MAY P410 IFS AS MACH AS WI MED YOU' Achievements Elsewhere Scientists in other parts of the world Have also made outstanding contribu- tions, such as: ) . Heart and valve transplants 2. Artificial heart-lung machines. which made open-heart surgery possible. 3. Rheumatic heart disease prevention. 4. Cordic catheterization. which added o new dimension to diagnosis. 5. The development of artificial heart valves orad artery grafts. 6. New techniques for treating stroke and reducing disability. These and many other life-saving ad- vances ore the result of research. The Risk Factors of Heart Attack and Stroke These charts show the extent to which particular risk factors increased the risk of heart attack and stroke in the male population aged 30.62 of Framingham, Mass. For each disease, columns below the black horizontal line indicate lower than average risk; columns above the line, higher than average risk. . Blood Pressure • man nho.e hh..nt pt.. n .ron.r nhe moment the hoar r,,.,vap. ,..,,,, 150 or an ono i.rne, twa.M,u. 4. and nearly 1. i, Ir••t.,hr,,.4 o/ .anile M a man 015,1,1•11.11. Mavvl p.rnurr,mt4r 17(1 Average Rid a• 40 alsz 1 Cigarette Smoking A nun who undies more Ihan • park of O'Ste10s a day hat nearly snore the rn& 04 Man snack and nearly hw times the ..M or node at a non.s.noke. 121 IO( Average Obi ya NON! Iq,I 0.144‘ 111 tae Mor. than 1 p..1 a i E r • ■ slra.t 6,12,4 119 Cholesterol A n.40 MO, • h.00.lhole..root ens 01 250 nr •Dote 1J. ,Ivan Vm ,hrre nem.. the int o1 bean Ann\ andia...40 of • a..n A ah , hnle..e.o1 beh.n 194 • Average Rid q0 - 69 Il Age A nun on his SO% has 40w holes rhe.elle d• nun on his 1101 5,1% 1,90511N MIN 46(15114. 6144. W0511% 10 19 (1 5x5 •0 W (1 kg, 50 59 yl AR% Air al twin 104 144 165 The Danger of Heart Attack & Stroke Increases with the Number of Risk Factors Present Ir.ample 46 roar old mile, Avenge MA 77 r 120 ro 2% 200 `00 fie es' 1� die Canadians can reduce the cost. of Heart Disease and Stroke. (It is over 3 billion dollars annually in lost wages and medical care.) We can reduce our risk, by keeping our weight down and controlling high blood pressure (have it checked). Exercise re:ularl ► • our d:• _.,_:.R.�_..-•=< - onto ing. y e s ou • also know the symptoms of Heart Attack and Stroke - and what to do if they occur. Support the Heart Fund. Your Heart Fund donation fights Heart Disease. (88% goes\o Research and Education.) ... Save your life and those you love. A 00 0 r Heart Attack Symptoms • Prolonged heovy pressure or squeezing pain in the centre of chest. • behind the breastbone. • Pain may spread to the shoulder, orm, neck or jaw. • Pain or discomfort is often accompanied by sweating, Nausea, vomiting, or shortness of breath may also occur. • Symptoms may subside and then return Stroke symptoms • Sudden. temporary weakness or numbness of face. orm or leg. • temporary loss of ,speech or trouble in speaking or understanding speech. • Temporary dimness or loss of vision. particularly in one eye. • Episodes of double vision. • Unexplained dizziness, headaches. etc. in conjunction with other symptoms. . 140141 flare's,. clarrn . .gonanes and s.d .h.,4ue ol and Mood pressure Ot..o\y IA.Mn.th.,xe.hnott Penn lnlar< non. if Symptoms Occur A('T IMMEDIATELY • Get to a hospital emergency rooro at once, if your doctor is not immediately available. • Keep a list of emergency phone numbers handy. near the telephone. • The decision to call for help is too important to leave to the patient alone.lt is also the responsibility of the patient's family. friends and associates. • Half of all heart attack deaths occur before the victim gets to the hospital. This Community Minded Message is Made Possible Through the Generous 1 111111 Exeter Big V J.M.R. ELECTRIC LTD. 137 Thames Rd. E. 235-1516 ,INS r ) FISHER -�` I S C O U N TN.T. Monteith Ltd• C� D Hwy. 4 South, Exeter ,a.....tn.l. ;aro: Drug 4 Store 349 Main Street South, 1'"' ` 235-1570 PRO HARDWARE 391 Mn,•• Si 1..'.' 510 235 2100 433 Main St Exeter 235-1661 235-2121 Frayne's store 143 Main St. N., 235-0410 .�1„ Smyth's SHOLTDOREtil MAIN Si PHONE 235 1933 EWERr.' WHITINGS MAW 6General Ton Free 1.600.265.7022 ,� 00 s°UJeo ,4 c ;PO o c.0...r.x 5.... ti 0400 s,n 1.00 • -•.s J�� 235-1454 4 Exeter Arco Z3S-2000 I„_ __-_ �� ,P/X_r a�iff4L. n,alrna5t,� 370 William St., 235-1220 Golden city Restaurant Canadian and Chinese Food 439 Main St. S., Exeter 235-0464 r Tieman's Furniture & Hardware Dashwood 237-3681 IioffInan's {Da,llwead Alwbtrlatnse f�oxeiee 237.3631 Femoral Mauve 237.3532 YY • d Cl Carn1tIL )EWEiiER all MAIN 51 15E1E1 1151710 r f�ookin d w1. Exeter oea N Re sun Service 544 Main St. Exeter 235-2244 Albatross Tavern and Dining Lounge J g Huron Park 228-6733 ,'' 'Si 1tly ddB• eraser '--586 Main St., Exeter 235-0660- a �,�p1CR R E 10 Fgy*TI Ito •j1` `°"0-1,,14,0 ,4451(. OFF ICE 235.1232f 1' FASHIONS FOR HER 375 Main St 5.. Exeter 2352460 Exeter Decor Centre 15 Oldloy St. L. Exeter 235-1010 PFAFF • RR 3 Exeter -TELEPHONE235.0909 Centralia Farmers inney F t `f it ‘1 110•11O�1F AAA see SupP 228.6638 1 Ltd y . Home ware ; 471.1 MAIN STRIA: l FXf-TI ft.ONTARIO Restaurant and Dining Lounge Hwy. 4 and 83 Exeter 235-2949 Open Mon. - Fri. 8 - 6. Sat. 8 - Noon _ 235.0171 i 1