HomeMy WebLinkAboutExeter Advocate, 1907-03-21, Page 7CHINA'S WAR ON OPIUM
S: :semi TAKEN TO %1IPF: OlT ITS USP.
In DF:(,BELS.
Landholders Have Ten Years to Stop
Cuhitalion and ;mokers Vari-
ous Periods to Quit.
The present war for the suppression
til the ..plum evil in China, in which
Great Ili ita:n has expressed its willing -
'IONS lo poetic -finite, brings to mint the
opium war of 1810, in which China and
the 11ri1 sh Government were the Chief
participants.
This cuullict was the immediate al-
Sit,
temp► 4,1 the Chinese Government to
Prevent the Importation of opium. \t
./ the end of the war Great llrituin had
won her object of opening China to
sa
gci:erul English trade, and to the opium
trade in particular. By tho 'Treaty of
Nanking (IR12) hang Kong was ciders
to the conquering power. By the same
treaty Cail:.u, Amoy, Shanghai, IU -
chow, and Niegpo were opened to Brit-
ish e
comfi r at. China also patd an in-
demnity of $21,000,000.
The approximate causes of the opium
our arise several years earlier. Up
to 1833 the English East India Company
rte:d a monopoly of the Chinese trade.
!r. that year the monopoly was with-
drawn by Genal Britain in its own in-
terest. This meant that England had
determined upon the opening of Chinese
*ride.
Tu -day we find Great Britain willing
to join in a conference with regard to
n general and impartial investigation
of the scientific and material conditions
of the opium trade and the opium habit
lc the Far East, lo bo conducted by
the principal rowers having possessions
end direct interests in that quarter—
the United Mates. France. the Nether-
ltutILs, Germany. Japan, and China—
with a view to entirely suppressing the
evil in the Orient.
Tho regulations for the suppression
of opium growing and smoking in Chi-
na drown up by the Council of Govern-
ment Reornls have been approved by
the Chinese Imperial Iiescript.
A GREAT INIQUITY.
The cultivation of the poppy is tate
greatest iniquity in agriculture in Chi-
na, and the Provinces of Szechwan,
Shensi, and Kanghuai abound in this
product. As the idea is to abolish en-
tirely 11,e ,rnoking of opium within ten
years' limit. the discontinuance of the
cultiyatiura of the (drug is taken as a
fundamental step. The cultivation will
he eliminated gradually in the ten years.
The Viceroys and Governors of pro-
vinces have been instructed to ser• that
magistrates investigate and report on
the acreage of poppy lands, and Itcen-
t%e.s will be issued only to farmers own-
ing eueh lands on the condition that
the: quantity of poppy be reduced each
year and replaced with whatever grain
the soil may be found suitable for. The
magistrates are to make inspection (rips
- from time 10 time. and the licenses io
t c renewed eeeh year until the ninth
year, after which any land on which the
poppy is grown will be confiscated. It
a ningistrate induces a fernier to stop
growing poppy and employ his land in
useful grain previous to the expiration
of the ten years he will be recommend-
ed to the throne for reward.
Opium tins been in use for so long
by the Chines(' ttuat nearly two-fifths
of them are smokers. The Government
of China has urged officials, gentry,
the Government graduates, to get rid
speedily of the habit as an example
tic the c'mnion people. All smokers,
Irrespective of class. teen and women
alike, must report to the local official
office of the. place in which they live,
where their sante. age. residence, and
writtenon and quantify of opium con-
sumed will be recorded.
WliLL. RECEIVE A LICENSE.
At this tame the smoker will be fur-
nishe(1 with n duly !damped license
granting hitt the privilege of smoking
for one year. There %till be two styles
01 licca -els issued, the Ghia and Yi (A
and Il). The former will be given to
persons nlate the age of GO and the
lnikr In persons below That age. But
second get
who
Ih �se the claims will not
be nllowe d to change for the Ont class
when they r. ach the age of 60. The
tone gime) for Ihe habit In be overcome
j; not specifically set. ['uremia of 60
whose health is declining will be (rented
with leniency. but those write, are under
60 and hold the second class license
must reduce the quantity by Iwo or
Ihrec-'canis each year. If lite smokers
hitt a not given up when Ihe lime ' f
genre hn4 expired, OMetals will he or-
drred 1, res'gn. Co%ernnt, tit graduates
will be d privets of their degrees, and
common people will be registered 's
", plum smoking class" and their nom's
will in. 1oslc.l on the thoroughfares of
the city In which They live, and they
Neill bre exglud• d from public social
ganiche gs.
mill mg?' the opium shops cannot
p,,ssibly be prohibited at presete, new
shops will nol be allowed 10 open.
Those in the villages, towns and cities
will be regi'lered and licenses issued,
and. under a heavy penally, npfunt can
nnty he sold to Holders of licensee. At
Ih. ,red e.f each year a return ret the
gt (nlIt_y sold must le' matte by each
eh ip t e the lO al ' officials for meets!,
and the loial of each dlslrt.1 ritual be
icdu'ca in proportion each year until
the business is a direly obliterated. 1(
any She 1- caught selling the drug af-
I(r Ihe ealeretion of hn years the cs•
tabliahtl1enl, with ifs eontents, wilt 14,
corlltM•attvl by the authorities and lite
Violator heavily fined.
SHORT TIME FOR OFFICIALS,
The len-year limit for hreakirg one-
self of the :etas habit is for the corn.
reel pel's,', The officials of the (;uvern-
' meat, tt h art' to set nn example for
1
Ihe people•, hnve only n kw !Mkt 113 o
TF1 Ih"ins•1tcs el tile habit. Iloweter,
n'' eflh tela. m-'tr potion and pmvineial,
civil and nu obiry, !ugh nnol low•, obey.,
the ogre of r+), who cannot afford lo leave
off t',e ptnteiee on seta -tont of endanger -
Mg their will is• treated lent,'ttl-
ly; 1141 ('rir.rs, Jukes, i:ereditary noble!,
president: of the boards. Tartar gener-
al,, viceroy:, governors, lieutenant -
generals, deputy lieutenant -generals,
and provincial generals will not be
screened, but will be dealt with sum-
marily if caught violating the law.
If ep.um is smoked secretly by any
official he will be recommended fur dis-
missal as a warning for deception it
the offence is proved. and his super-
ior will also b, punished for negligence
of discovery. The inslructers, student,
and members of the army and navy
roust all overcume the practice within
Aix months.
l)O(TOItS WILi. AID.
To assist the sme,kers in a speedy
cure skilful d:'clots will be selected to
study and consult in the preparation of
anti -opium pills suitable to smokes of
different climates and degrees. The
magistrates will be furnished with these
pill~ to distribute among charitable in-
st tutOns and drug stores in ti eir dis-
tricts al cost price, and the poor smok-
ers will be suppled with the remedy
gratis. The prescriplion will be distri-
buted freely in otder that the gentry
nod ''merchants may prepare their own
ares, r plions. Anyone who can afford
le prepare such pills and cure smokers
by distributing them freely will be re-
warded by the theme.
The \Vaiwupu has been ordered to
negotiate some arrangement with time
British Alinister to China in the (tope
that both foreign and native opium
may be alike reduced in quantity each
year and entirely done sway with at
the lime stipulated. In addition to In-
dian opiunr, there is also the Persian,
Annum, and that of the Dutch Colonies
impor ed- to China. It the comely from
which Ihe drug is imported has entered
into treaty obligation, China may ap-
proach its Minister for negotiation. and
if the country has not entered into
treaty. China can exercise her sover-
eignty by strie;lly prohibiting the im-
port.
FUNERAL OL GREAT BARD
IBURIAI. OF ROBERT BURNS OVER 101
.YEARS AGO.
Description of flow the People of ills
Time Honored the Scottish
Part's Remains.
While the ornual celebrations in
henur of "Scotland's darling bard" are
still fresh in nand, the circumstances of
111-; burial, as related at the time of his
laking off, over 101 yeers ago, will be of
interest. The amount here is from the
contemporary press.
DID IIIM HONOR.
"The d('alh of Burns made a strong
and general impression on all who had
interested themselves in his' character,
and especia,.y on the inhaliilants of the
te,wn and couety in tt•hictt he hod spent
the leiter years of his life. Flagrant as
his follies and errnts had been, they had
runt deprived hila of the respect and re-
gard entertained for Hie extraordinary
powers of his genius and the generous
qualities of his heart. The Gentlemen
Volunleers of Dumfries resolved to bury
their illustrious associate with military
honors. and every preparation was mode
1.1 render This Iasi service solemn and
impressive. The Fencible Infantry of
Angus -shirr. and the regiment of cavalry
of (:inque Purls, n1 that lime quartered
in Dumfries, offered their assistance on
this occasion, and a vast concourse of
persons assembled, some of them fmm a
consielerable distance, to wilitess Ilse ob-
sequies of the Scotlish Bard."
JOURNAL -OF TIIE DAY.
The following account is taken from
the Dumfries Journal of Tuesday, July
26. 1796;
"To suit the nrrangemenls the cnmmined
remains of the poet wire ren►nved from
his house In the Town Hall nn the even-
ing of Sunday. July 24, 1796, and ;it 12
(.clock, noon, of the following day the
funeral cortege moved in the direction of
his last reeling place in St. Michael's
church Wind. The streets %sere lined by
the military. and the great bells of 1114,
clnn•hets lilted at intervals, as the pro-
cr'sneu passel on, headed by a tiring
party of twenty members of the poet's
own company of \'olunit'e'rs in hill ani•
term. and art's reversed. The bier was
urmuii and supported ,orb
summit's! vl 1 members
m mher_
II
of lite snare company, citrin wearing
crape an the left arm ; and that was in-
mcdinlely believed by relatives of the de-
censerl and chief inhabitant, of town and
country.
~.\LUPE OVER GitAVL.
"After these come the n•nrninder of Ihe
Volunteers,. followed by a military guanl
--Ihe whole procession moving In slow
lime 10 the s'tletnn music of the "1N'ad
\lane* in Saul.' .arrived al the church-
ynrd gale, the firing lowly. according to
the rules of 111111 exerci-se, fennel iwo
lines. rind leaned Ihrir heads on 11ui•ir
Iir•'leeks, which were pointed lo the
g round, 'Through this space the cnaln
utas he►t•tte faiwanl to the grave, and
seolentnly deposited in the earth. The
party then drew 1111 al aside of it. and
need Ilse foretell solute of Three toilet's
over the lone of their sleeping ce,nrnde.
Thus closed n ceremony which prevented
n solemn. gland and nffeeling spectacle,
nccording well with the general se rruw
and regret for the loss •,f a ratan whose
like we can searce see again.'
QUEEN .\ND I..N(;l'I51',
The Queen of Norway speaks Ove lan-
ei:ages fluently. including 1tussia11. glen
remade peel is "Owen eler•'ditti,•' Ihe late
Lord 1 ylten. Then she knew. ninny art:
end crafts• .ewe nal setas well inn bind
n bouts. Inks n ptledogiaph. knit sl,ck-
ir,gls. carve w,k"1. !iia) (•hcsN. and 11se n
type'write'r--whieli i, Nat'l to Is, nnk ng ex ,
leer laterite nine. ,cents. Like most p:,,
members of the r t ,I (Amity. Queen 14,:
Aland is n k, • 1 • • and toe:i-
(IMP CeelI'• t., I • f r t1 1•C illakt. of
WWI h she has a ,i1. : ..,4.'•.,'II \t
tto'sl-'anU,g she is .1•0o[ a I. (lever, and
some 4,1 her friend. I,o`'-"-'' pile• w ilh
gtrel*a(►4, 'send*, whI•1 have
n carved
for them b) her.
STORIES TOLD OF PEOPLE
MME, 'WADDINGTON'S VISIT TO TIIE
PRINCE OF WALES.
Dr. Story's 141110 Jut! —A Bishop and
the Idols--Palriols Not All
Dead.
The annnuncc'ni•nt that Mine. Wad-
dington has been slaying at Windsor
l:aslle as the guest of 11►o King and
Queen, is of very special interest, fur
this clever and charming lady has bee-
k,uged for years to the !lust intimate
circle of their Majesties' friends. An
American by birth, but educated in
France. Aline. \Vadington is the widow
of that remarkable man who wasi edu-
cated at Rugby and rowed in the (:am -
bridge boat, and yet became one of the
foremost of French statesmen of his day,
and was French Ambassador in London
for some ten years. Aline. Waddington
describes a t'isit In Sandringham, which
she says she enjoyed very much; "the
Princess always charming and lovely to
took at, and the Prince a model host, so
courteous and ready to lalk about any-
thing." On Sunday Aline. Waddington
noticed the absence of the highland piper
a' dinner, who, on lite previous evening,
had walked solemnly around Ilte table
playing tio bagpipes; and she asked the
Prince if he was not going to play uguin.
"Oh, no," said the Prince, "nut on Sun-
day ; he certainly wouldn't. 1 shouldn't
like to ask him to, and if 1 did, 1 am sure
he wouldn't (lo it 1" She lase notes one
curious custom. "The Prince himself,"
she says, "weighs everyone; and the
name (111(1 weight are written in a book.
Some of the ladies protested. but it was
of no use. The Prince insisted. One
young lady weighed n -ore than her
hillier, end was much mortified."
DR. STORY'S JOKE.
Ur. Story, the late principal of Glas-
gow University, laking a holiday in the
country once, was met by lite minister
of the district, who retniarked : "hullo,
principal ! You ..ere? Why, you must
rime down and relieve me for a day."
The principal replied : "I don't promise
In relieve you, but 1 might relieve your
congregation."
A BISHOP AND THE IDOLS.
Itishop Thornton, says the London
Chronicle, who has announced his inten-
tion of going (rein Blackburn to Bir-
mingham to inquire into the truth of the
familiar charge that idols are manufac-
turer) in the metropolis of the Midlands
and exported to Pagan lands, was a Itir-
niinghain vicar, when tie was selected to
g( out to Australia as the first Bishop of
Ballarat. There he had eine practical
experience of paganism. for Ballarat has
a Chinese "rump" or quarter in which
Church of England missionaries labor
and make an occasional convert lo
Christianity. As a Whitehall curale 1)1•.
'I'hortitort was an energetic open-air
preacher, nn,1 Twice came into conflict
with the police for obstructing the Iralllc
in the Mile End (load.
PATRIOTS NOT ALI. DEAD.
A New York paper is authority for the
statement that Ion. Gifford 1'inchol, the
United Slates Ciover{ruent forestry ex-
pert, whose salary has been raised 10
$'.,1100 n year. is one e;f many rich young
ni'n attached In the public service whose
salaries do not meet their living ex-
penses by several thousand dollars every
year. Mr. 1'inchol look up forestry as a
sort of fad soon atter graduating from
Yale, anti Then sought a position In the
Government service in order that he
!tight turn his fad to practical account.
Mr. I'inchot has lectured several times
ie Canada, and his description of the
fight now being made to save United
Stales forest lands from land sharks will
not. 60011 be forgotten.
\VIII:N FRENCH LEI'I' IIIS SADDLE
General French, of the British a►•my,
is a num of extraordinary personal
chru•n and (sprit. 1l is n joy to hear
him tell the story of bow when he had
been thrown from his torso in his
subaltern days n p(nnpous officer of the
('1.1 sphaol clone fussing up and demand-
ed : "\\'hal do you meati, sir. by leaving
your saddle without orders'?" One of
his cherished possession is n copy of
The Standard and Diggers' News, the
lner
organ.
containing
o full account ,ant of
the complete rout of his cat airy division
and winding up with Ih.' statement that
General french had been mortally
wounded.
SIB PEIIC.Y SANDERSON.
Sir Terry Sanderson. who has Mel re-
signed as British consul-igen>eral al New
Yet k. after some thirteen yours. will be
missed socially as well as nllicially when
he leaves the city to return to England.
Ile intims on n pens:(>n al the age limit
of 65 years. Ilia history is interesting,
covering a service in the army in pipit
of cleten years, from l$59, when he was
17 years u141, When he on44.21 Ise en-
tered Ihe civil sertict and he was Cott-
sub-gl'nernl to Roumania when appu.itilel
la New York. In 1899 lie was made a
knight of St. Michael and St. George.
FLORENCE NIGIITINGAI.E.
1'k%rcnce Nighlingale. wh t hassn long
been nn ini�'niid, 15 now in her 87111 year.
Though phywrn1ly feeble her mind is ns
bright n- •.r. and elle still keeps up her
interest u, 'h,• Nightingale Nurse; Trnin-
tng II In her youth !,lies \iglttin-
ga .. ;. .. , ! L, -'urly nn di loci nn l %chin
111. 1 • , '"i4•kwelI was studying in
1, , e, \!. - -', gllingaaie uar.1 often to
, • Intk of their mutual de-
, 'at behalf of women.
• • altvny.a been no nit -
_,,r \, .,n askid
-1 a e . •• re's sons.
an
1 t t .1 r
1 ItatP n r. ' 11-
,r 1e..• money t%, i,oy •1 ,1
• 11114.1-1,41A the it • ' 'a ' >
n linnet ' -
\III 1 I• t \TE'M rif rr 11'1 .
•
rued -"I hail n fall l:,.t :, .:,
senile'sd ere urcntisce,;- ,
beers.' Char c- - "Realty! \\ !, it died
you fall?' Fred "I tell asleep.
\\'11.1, 1 -. ' • 11"414' w e.�
aims. jn•t •' it,ngl earl 1- , law.
be fere 1, r, • .411i.‘‘ if 11:, read)
14 a 11., Inti•(• 'f :1: 1 e - .. . ,•n.
s••,te he tta< i-.•Ininn Is, t - •1
14, def n I lint ut a su.t i, r 00'1,'0e4
1•netKht by an employe. 1.nforlumalely
for Mr. Choate, his client lust his head
ccntpletoly under crus.. -examination, fur-
nishing evidence su favorable to the
prosecution as to result in a $5.400 ver-
dict. The merchant was, ncverlhe•less,
highly indignant with his lawyer for
having List Ire case, and when they en-
countereel each other at the courtroom
door he blustered : "lf I had a sort horn
an idiot I'd snake him a lawyer." "Your
father seems to have been of another
opinion," replied young Choate, coon!.
FAVORITE OF SULTAN.
One of the Greatest Criminals of Eu-
rope Ilas Been Fettled.
Echlin Pasha, the Sultan's favorite,
who was banished at the instance of the
German Arnhassador, was one of the
greatest criminals of Europe, and has
an extraordinary number of crimes to
his credit. Itis particular duties were
the surveillance of the Imperial princes.
For the last few years Turks even cif
high rank scarcely dare sit at table
with one another at a cafe or restaur-
ant, as they were liable to be insolent-
ly ordered away by some minion of
Fehim, usually a man of the lowest
classes. Or, worse, a report was seal
lc the palace That they were plotting
against the throne, and once cast un-
der suspicion their fate was sealed.
Fehim Ls restx,nsible for the exile of
hundreds of Turks, and also Armenians,
innocent persons mostly, whom he de-
nounced on the flimsiest pretexts.
A list of the crimes committed by Fe -
him and his henchmen would fill vol-
umes. it is slated that a list of over
2($; cases of abduction perpetrated by
I'ehini was recently submitted to the
Sultan. These nee by no means his
only offences. Several deliberate Inure
ders are laid at his door, notably the
assassination of the Dame Camelia and
her daughters, whom he is believed to
have killed with his own hands.
With his army of spies and police he
terrorized all the merchants, traders,
shopkeepers and even petty peddlers in
Constantinople. Ile kept poor Armeni-
ans imprisoned for (hays in his house,
beating and maltreating them till they
agreed to pay his demands.
Only business people who enjoyed for-
eign protection were able to defy hint.
Quite recently Fehirn called at a restau-
rant kept by a Macedonian Bulgarian
reel presetling a revolver at the own-
er's (read, demanded $1,000 on the spot.
The sudden demand gave the proprietor
such a fright Ilial he was seized with
apoplexy and died in a few minutes.
it is well known that. although Ihe
Sultan has strictly prohibited gambling
in the capital, Fehirn owned a number
of dens where gambling was kept op
all night.
If he showed unusual rapacity in col-
lecting stoney. he lntred to spend it :n
an extravagant manner. He was an ex-
cellent customer of some of the Armeni-
an jewelers 'in town. spending consid-
erable sums. on rings especially. in
other jewel shops. however, his visits
were as much feared as those of it burg-
lar.
Although it is believed Ihal Ihe Sul-
len was informed of the real filets of
the core, he clad not alter his behavior
Inward. Fehirn. but is stated to hnve
declared that Fehim was still a boy who
was bound to commit follies.
4
NEWLY A MILLION.
Itnties Presented 10 Proud Fathers in
Britain Last Year.
The babies born in Erglnnd and
Wales lab yent• numbered exactly 931.-
391.
30:391. according to the preliminary slale-
nent of time vital slnlislics for the year,
bellied recently by the Registrar -Gen-
eral.
Although the total number of births
was 4,101 more Ihnn in 1905. Ihe aver-
age per 1,0L0 (1 Ihe p opulntien was 0.2
below that year, or 27 per 1,000. This
is the Inwest birthrate ever recorded.
it is 1.7 per 1,100 below the average
rale of the last len years, and 2.6 per
1,(10 below the rale which ruled in
1)911.
There was a slight inrrease in Ihe
death -rate for time year, the average per
1,010 of the population increasing from
15.2 in MI5 to 15.4 last year. represent -
Ing an increase in the number of deaths
of 10,776.
—� .1=010
\\111' 'f Aii.Otts LIKE: KING EDWARD.
King Edward's( tailors have a standing
order 10 provide him with abut l( t suits
n year. exclusive of mmlilary uniforms
and Court costumes. These sills cont
belwivn £10 anti C20 enrh. There is
only one other man in the world—lire
(;ermnn Emperor --win possesses more
uniforms Ihnn King Edward. The Kai-
sers outfit, it is sole, inclu.ies 2.0ia n(
them. But the Kaiser delights in don-
ning gergerma costumes. King Edwin]
wsar.• them only when necessary. Ile
is, however. most particular ahont the
official port of his otilllt. Ile has an hi -
%vinery mouse once (a month of his uni-
(ernes in Mork, accompanied by n ra'e-
luny preparers statement of their condi-
tion. They are nevet• allowed to gel
shabby. The slightest blemish on n
uniform condemns 11, and it becomes the
perquisite of the sui.erintendent of no,
anilel•e. 'Tit' statement matte that he
never t\i'ar., Ihe carie suit twice is reron-
erne:. Ile roes make it a rule, h'twees-er,
n •seer to wear the same suit twice on
c. ns••cithvc 'lays.
111. \D!\(; 1'NI0.:11 \W.\'TEn.
An elet'Iri:• ars intoe. capable of ef•
(11••iently -lir plying the neevls of under.
water ilmrt:natien for ship .nleoge one
ether similar work. ns well as for °eera-
Cnes in esele•sh-e alme,spherea, has peen
iri:'d in 1114' hart or •'f :11' alien in a--n-
rte(•linn with repairs effee'led On the
dock gales there, wilhnut laking Iherr.
nut (•1 p esilion. 11 WAS tumid flue t
1horeu;11t (•taiinallAn rel ih' dock gate.
emit,' Is mnito by the aid of the lane.
Anil in oiler 1.e (h'mntlalrate ire pewee
one of the ,livers ie!urned for a news-
ppnper, and after ,lev•ending lei the bot-
tom of are reek. a d"pth of a0 feel, read
a pat on 1,1 •I through the telephone to
hast• '>•t the sansei.
•
LEADING MARKETS
ltill:AI)Si UHF''.
1'ur nki, Mach 19.—(:ail Board quula-
lie ne are:—
Wheat—Ontario, No. 2 red, 72%e ask -
ret. uutside, 72c bid; No. 2 nixed, 725,c
a.-k,d outside, 71%e ,bid 78 per cent.
points; No. 2 guc4e, title bid, east.
IJut•ley—No. 2, 53y.,c bid east; No. 3
extra, 5Uc bid 78 per cent. !+,rots; No.
3, 50; bid 78 per cent points..
Peas -et -etc asked, outside, 7:e bid out-
side, 7J%e bid l:.l'.li, bOe bid G I'.It.
per cent. points.
Oats—No. 2 white, 39t a asked on
Ave -cent rale to Toronto, 38;,c bid; sales
-it 39yc f.u.b., 7e per cent. points,
March shipment.
Other prices are:—
\\'heat—Ontario--Cuntiues firth; No.
2 white winter, 72c to 72%c; No. 2 red.
71c to 72e; No. 2 mixed, 71e to 72c.
Manitoba Wheal—Absence of ship -
!rents makes quotations sotnewhat nom-
inal; No. 1 hard, 87c; No. 1 northern,
$tic, lake ports.
Oats—No. 2 while, :19yc to 40%c track
Toronto; No. 2 mixed, 39c to 39%c.
Peas -80c is 80* outside.
Corn—No. 3 yellow American, 53j:;c
lc 51c, Toronto and west; No. 2 yellow,
45c lo 46c, 11.0.11. or G:i'.It.; Ontario,
Otic to 47c, basis Chatham freights.
Buckwheat -57c to 58c. outside.
IlyeL-Contiues heavy; offering at Glyc
outside.
Barley—Firm; No. 2, 52c to 53e; No.
3 extra, 51c to 51%e; No. 3, 49c to 50c.
Flour—Ontario, 93 per tent. patents.
4,2.70 asked, 12.67 bid; \lanitoba, first
patents, $4.51; seconds, 83.75; bakers'.
83,'90, •
IL
' Bran—Nominally 821 to *22.
COUNTRY PRODUCE.
Buller—Ile: eipLs are fairly good, but
Ihe demand is strong, and there is no
surplus stock.
Creamery, prints ,,,, ,,,, !Co to 27c
(111 solids .... ,.., „ ...... 23cto24c
Dairy. prints .... .... .. ... 22c lo 23c
do tubs ,,,. „ 30ctn2l.
Cheese—lIc for large and 14}yo for
twins.
Eggs—l'rires from 20e lo 21c.
Poultry—Marl:et is very slow and
easy,
Ordinary .... .... .... 9c to 10c
Inferior .... .... RcInfile
Jowl .... .... ... ... .. Sc to 9c
Ducks .... .... .. .... 90 to 1 lc
Geese .,,,,. .. to lc
Turkeys .... .. .. .... Ile to 12e
Ide:nrv--Pails 11e 10 12c per Ib., esombs
fi 2 14, *2.50 per den..
Roans—Steady a1 *1.55 for hand-
picked and 81.35 to 11.15 for prim s.
Potatoes—Ontario. S5e 14) 00e; eastern,
95c to tit. in car tots here. -
Itnl('tl Hay—Firm al 811 to $11.50 for
timothy. 89.50 lo 810 for secondary
gradee in car lois on Irick here.
Straw -6.75 to *7. in car lots here.
PROVISIONS.
pressed Ilogs--$11.50 for light and 59
for heavies. farmer: !els.
Pork—Short cul. *23 1., $23.50 per
barrel: meals. :121 to R21.50.
Smoked and Dry Salted Mends—Long
ekar bacon. ole mei 11%c for Ions and
cases; hams, medium and light. 15j;c
10 Ifs' heavy. 11%e lo 13c; backs. 16e4c
1..• 17e; shoulders. Ile 14, 11%,c; rolls,
11%e; burnkfast bacon. 15%c lo 16c;
,green nients out of pickle, lc Tess than
smokedt—.
heisFirm; tierces, 12%c; tubs, 1.2%c;
palls, 12%e. _ --
MI(1xTItI•: \1. \I \IIKI:I's.
Montreal, March Ia. t •,e:,lly IL•e hay
market i- tinehang•.1. \ t. 1 timothy,
:r12 to $13; No. 2. 811.541 to $12.50, and
for clover, mixed. *In.50 10 311.50.
Oals—No. 2, 43' 1,. tic; No. 3, 42c to
43c, and .\o, 1. 41c to 42e.
Cern—latices remain at 5Gc to 60:, ex-
slore.
Harley—Nominal at 52c to 5k ex -store
Montreal.
Flour--atimitoba grades, $t to 80.10
per brl., in bags, for strong loket.s' and
10.50 to $1.60 tier !talents. (Quotations
on Onlarlos are 83.75 to $3.'5 per bag,
and 2(1.54) to 11.60 for extras.
Millfce d—Itran is quoted at *21, and
.oils at $22. although come sales for
spot bran have been reported as high
a. $23.
Iuller—u" condition of the butler
l 1 he n (fit on
market 14 very firm.
Eggs—New•laids are quoted front 23c
le. 2k.
Cheese -13%c for while and tic fee
c.kerctl still being quoted.
Poo Lsions--Harrel•, alar! -cul mews.
Rte to *23.511; half-Itarrels, $11.75 te,
812.51; clear fol back. *21 to $24.50;
Feng cut heavy mesa, 82(1.50 to *22; half.
terries (Aa.. *10.75 to $11.50; dry wil-
e,' long clear bacon. 12C to 12%4.; har-
t -41e plate beef. 811 te, *12.50: lilt-har•-
i'cIs do., $4;.25 le $6.75; barrel. !Willy
mess Reef, $8.50: hnlf•barrris d•'., $4,•
7i; c'uttipount land. 5',r 1„ Hies;,•:
bird. II%e le, 15-: k. t•' r . I. .• i. 1 '
1; 13%c; hams. 13c 1.: 1 ,'1 i
In sloe breakfast brae at I", lo'.
Windene boom. 1',t/,e t•., 1,,' ! .
ki11.•el abaRe,ir •!,t..,el le.,:.,. •',;:• i •
`flu; alite.`a7.15 Io $7.25. •
Irl I I'\t.'1 \I\11101:1',
nisi:. ,, \I Ie l i .. 1\ heal—spring
a' •1•.. \•.. 1 \ rlh ! . •.� s'ki`ts; \Win•
ler s1• t 1, ; \• . 2 e 1•. (:seri
Teel,. \ - )elle,ty, '.1' V:. trhih'
. oats—Quiet; \•-. to, eo,",
Nu. 2 Irtix,',l, 40%e, stye- I'u•m: \ . 1.
7,ie, c.i.f., in store.
NI:\\'
New fork. March 19. '.i '1 .'l,-ady;
No. 2 ted. 3k ek•vnor; \'t. 1 r• 1. ell•,;.•
f.o,lr, afloat; N.I. 1 Northern trululle.
f 5 — rest,. anon/. No. 2 Iran! wtie, is
sloe' 1.4..1.. nil.
1 1\ r 'TOCK Ya a ilh "r.
\' n 1't.-- es owe Irir.le ons
1 . is were slca'Iy an•I
't .as last wee k.
1,. . ' .15 a
; nle,Inm mi light es•
',►rtes. e• • gi,Ied from 81.7:" to $5,
�
of pi, Int Irhe : e a were !wide al
. ole'a 1
`5 and A11'34011 le' ops 414l as high as
with II., 18,1k 111 43111'• 1"!%(0.'11
t`t.115 nn.l e0.9.41 `n'e • of tt••'!1.1111 I, •ei
,w• were mmol.' 1114 0. I '.n:nM.n (tat-
tl• herr 4,f1 frau, Ina 1•, I:"'.
sloeki r• were quiet, The Orn mar-
ked for butchers' quickly absorbs any-
thing a1 ail g,Kod. A hey heavy /testers
were sold at $4.511 41 ei.t;tt.
Milch cows show little change front
last market, and trade was rather *net.
Calves aro Meetly and unch:tngel at
3c to 7c per ib.
Sheep are fairly steady, but lamb.; are
off. Gunmen Iambs were from 25c to
Si): lower: grain -fed, about 25c.
Hogs were unchanged on a fairly geed
run. Selects, 16.85, fed and wak•red•
-- --4.
CADGERS OF CAPE COLONY
"lit MAfElvi " AND THE DoWNW %RD
I'ATH THEY TIIE.' D.
Some Are Scions of Noble Houses, and
Some Are. Men of Superior
Education.
Tho bummer is a purely local article,
indigenous to the Cape. This interesting
specimen roust be confounded neither
tvitti the hoodlums, the tramp, the rough,
nor the rowdy. Ile is certainly not a
trcoligan or a larrikin. Ile is somewhat
akin lo the sundowner, inasmuch as
generally he has no settled abode. Occa-
sionally he is a remittance loan,
lie is. indeed. a "vagront man," and
in England. would he apprehended for
sleeping out, and for having no visible
means of subsistence. At home Ito would
be sent to the workhouse, it not to gaol;
but at the Cape there are no poor laws
and no workhouses, and so the bum-
mer's bed -chamber is located amongst
the geraniums. the heaths, and the
sugar -trona hushe.S which clothe the
lower slopes of 'table Mountain.
\\'1►en the rains carne and the floods
descend, he finds shelter in caves and
sand -pits; and, if the worst conw<s 10
oho worst, he can join the convict guard
(11 the breakwater, or take up a spell of
other honest, though disagreeable, and,
irksome work. -
\v11O THE " HUMMERS " ARF..
Bummers are of all ranks and classes,
and of several nationalities; but the
majority are British, young and of gentle
birth, scions of noble: houses, cadets of
goal families, 'Varsity then, parsons,
school -masters, exon!cers, clerks, and so
nn. Nearly all have been dispatched
from home as ne'er-do-wells; a few
went out in boomy days. expecting to
find the streets paved with gold and
cobbled with diamonds, and, larking the
pluck, and squandering the means, lo
proceed up-cotinlrv—where only such as
they have any chance of doing any-
thing ---have got stranded.
During the period or periods when
they are temporarily in cash, they re-
senable the "Remittance lien-' of Canada
or Australia, and conduct ihentselves
similarly. They "knock down" their
cheques, go the pace, make fools of
themselves, and are a general nuisance.
The downward career of the bummer,
though fairly rapid, is sharply graded.
At first, Weil-dre.'oed. well-groomed,
::marl, with "flaw-Ilaw" aid arrogant
insul• hearing, lie frequents the best
the leading bars. and his connection with
good society vanishes.
op aa.r)u3 3111 mol a.tdt 01 .(JBsvdaat1 naiad
hotels, later, he bus not even the few
VAUNTING '1'11E PUBLIC (:OURT,
Still later, lie kills lime, spending tang
hours in the superb public library
(whence he has been known to carry
away valuable books), and in the Magis-
Irate's Crnn•t, which has a strange fasci-
nation for hint at fills stage—but 110i
subsequently.
Not long after this. such eolhes as he
has not sold have become shabby ; honk
broken down at heels, once immaculate
collars and cuffs ragged, hats crushed
and faded, gay necktie stained and
soile
Bud.t there is an necnslonal stray shot
111 lite locker, and so the bummers drift
into the buck slum and dockside can-
teens, where They orb shoulders with
some of the must undesirable compan-
ions on earth. Ilininaway merchant
sailors of all uationa!ities, convict
guards, bad specimens of Californian
end Australian miners, the top scum of
failures (and worse) from Kimberley and
Ihe (land. low -class litlf-Freed:. Mack -
guard ird Aft•ikuteders, and men 'wattled" in
vngious purls of the civilized world.
Hardly one of the hummers goes under
nn
n them have
t(
Ins own name. s
appropriate. and often offensive nick-
name. In addition to a convenient Mins;
and though nearly all of the fraternity
are drunkards aid gamblers. there will
probably lie present in a gathering of
them sten able In settle knotty podia ut
thenleggv, law, Latin. Greek, psligrees,
lernidry, 11►e turf. the chase. and Ihe
manners and customs of good society.
IIA\VKING AllOGNI) SILVER SAND.
rheic are pe'rials wl►en Ihe Foamier,
ui-rel-elbows, 1 ,lit( uta, rind etnpiy, is
:,1--• ittely compelled Io work. in oiler
• •.old iteral starvation. 'Then he firs
o ,Id gamily -bag with silver sand Aruna
e:t • en Point Common. and hawks it
.,and the canteens with which he is so
!:,nmiiar. Siemer ur later, he will find a
i iendly landlord. who will deal for 611.,
the sand being spread over the floor of
the bar,
\\'ith Ihe &1. ltte )•sunnier fares: royally.
Fourpcnce for a Wile of Colonial sherry,
a pennvw•e t ih of band, and n penny-
worth of lislt. -Tobacco. of course. is to
hits one of the neecsailies of exietence;
but where the weed sells at 44.1. per
pound. a handful can always he ridged.
A temple .►f Iypicnl bummers will wen-
Atonally hurtle!) their suit hearts. and en-
gage fur n spell of work on the guano
islands. Ilex', for severnl weeks, ur
inonllis, they are t irlanlly in prison. and
o.,mpitksorily sober. Upon !herr relent,
they wear an unwonted nir (11 health.
\lure over. they ore rigged out in new
snits of cheap clothes. Further, they
have gooney in their vetoes. They lev-
ered to point the city ted. and elicit all
(heir 111I11t(tt• is spent they Marl cadging
(:belly Nowitt--"fIYye 14,D0w, AlLsa
I!IMO s".ns In hn •,1 intent—Mal
finart. though I've (• l3 1u met you,
sy-rrapnlh% l•e•Iwe,n tis' 1'•,u knew just
hew to appall to may lades, you ser.,
.ere you n literary woman'" Dolly
Smnrl-- "N•,; tut 0 kii(k'rg arlen itri to
ler."