Loading...
HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Exeter Advocate, 1924-7-24, Page 2IMPORTANCE 0STREAM FLOW DATA Fullest Development of Dominion's Power Resources Based on Records of Measurements. Power, like any other commodity, must be produced in quantities and at a cost to meet the market demands. The coat of power is made up of inter- est on capital invested in the plant, of raw material and supplies, labor and overhead. The two main sources of Canadian power are fuel and water. Hydro -electric development differs from fuel power development in that in the• former case the main capital expenditure must be incurred at the outset. The expenditures for the site, flowage and water right!, the dam, the power house foundations, and the larger portion of those for turbines, electrical equipment and transmission lines, have to be made at the start. With fuel power developments, on the contrary, the initial capital expendi- ture per unit of power delivered is usually much lower, and extensions can be readily made as the demand for energy increases. Therefore, while the cost of sup- plies and labor ,per unit of power is very nmch lower in the case of the water -power development, the interest' charges are very much larger, and it is essential that no development be undertaken until full and reliable data 1 have been secured, ;o that the oap1-1 tail coat and the power available can be estimated within narrow limits. The Departniout of the Interior ad -1 ministers the waterpower resources of the Prairie Provinces and of the Yukon and North West Territories, and in order that its administration may be sound, secures, in advance, complete and reliable data. concerning any site where there is a possibility of development within a reasonable period. The quantity of power available at any site is proportional to the product of available head and flow of water. The head can be readily measured but the flow or supply of water varies from day to day and from year to year. In order to obtain reasonably accurate data concerning water supply, it is necessary to maintain an organization which, by frequent measurement of flow and constant record of water Level, secures over a series of years the daily fluctuation of water supply. That these records may reasonably accurately reflect the minimum, aver- age and flood conditions to be antici- pated in any stream they should cover a period of at least ten years, and Monger still in the ease of the more im- portant rivers. The importance and value of the work of the Department of the Interi- or in its systematic measurement of stream flow, and in the methods which have been devised for analysing and recording such data, have been recog- nized by the provinces which oontrol their own water -power resources, with the result that, upon their invitation the Department has extended its stream measurement work beyond the limits of the Dominion Crown Lands and is now carrying on a water re- sources survey throughout the Do- minion. This work is done by the Do- minion Hydrometria Survey, a part of the Dominion Water Power and Re- clamation Service. Once the essential flow data is avail- able surveys may be undertaken to de- termine conditions at the site—nature of foundations, construction and trans- portation facilities, eto. --- following which, plans can be prepared and the cost of development fairly definitely determined. It is the policy of the Department, within the territory over which it has administrative jurisdiction, to carry out general surveys of the principal power rivers, in order that It may in- telligently decide the manner in which they shall be developed, The general economic ultimate possibilities of a whole river must not be sacrificed for the purpose of securing a single de- velopment which might be temporarily advantageous. The Department must, therefore, be in a position to formulate and decide a Dailey of development which will se- cure the best possible ultimate Com- plete use of the natural power capacity of the rivers under its jurisdiction. In the development and utilization of her water power resources, Canada has made striking progress. The known available water power in Can- ada is 13.225,000 horse power, under conditions of ordinary minimum flow, and 32,0 i 6,000 horse power available for six months in the year. Already over 3,225,000 horse power has been developed, representing a capital in- vestment of over $657,000,000, easily placing this industry among the coun- trys largest activities. The Chemistry of Love and Crime. It has recently been announced in the daily press that the British As- sociation the mouthpiece through whish British Scie.ice makes known each year its latest wondrous dis- coveries, wi14 meet this summer in Torcnto. Meetings such as these make use reflect on what the future may have in store for us. Science has made man almost the master of in- animate nature. He has gathered her forces in his arms and can move moun- tains. He bids his tireless servants speed him over land anal water, carry him on wings in the air or in their bellies under the waters. His voice b carried to the uttermost ends of the earth; he reads the signs in the heav- ens and can foretell the future. Such is the story told, but that un- told is greater. Such is only the mas- tery of inanimate nature; what of the vital mysteries? Little by little the tangled skein of life is being unravelled. So far we have only a few loose ends and know not how it is all so wonderfully woven. Yet we are getting glimpses of the coutrolling levers of human nature. This is especially so of man's emotion- al nature, for we have not even an ink- ling of how his intelligence works. Many Biologists now believe that fear and anger and even the love sentiment are due to certain chemical substances poured into the blood stream. These substances are known as hormones, some of which have been isolated from the glande which manufacture them. And who knows but what the moral virtues and. vices are the results of similar substances. And if so, what a future for the social worker --the engenist by that time will be unneces- sary! If we want to make criminals law-abiding citizens, a course of treat- ment by an anti-crime hormone. is all that will be required. A too enthusi- aetic reformer will have a few doses of something else to make him think along the lines of the multitude. Gov- ernment will then become easy, for there will be a specific physiological remedy for the infringement of differ- ent laws. If our governors want pro- hibition there is need for no further argument, for the opposition -may readily be treated so that they will never thirst! There is uo end of it. The critical paint in the evolution of man is the question of government. If a good government all wI]l be well, but if a bad one then humanity may be changed to willing slaves of its rulers. During a transitional period—e probably a hundred years hence-- when ence—when the full medical equipment of the government has not yet been quite Perfected, the plank. of the political parties will be something like these— Conservatives—The ectogenetic child must be adopted by a goad family so as to have a home life which is want- ing anting in the public institution. Liberals Hormones should be state eantrol- led. Labor, which seee the last gleam of liberty vanishing -- Abolish govern- ment and let men look after them - Wane. Prof. Stewart MacAlister !Well-known British explorer, now in the Holy Land, who has made a num- ber of discoveries in Jerusalem of late. Britain's Fishpond. The North Sea may fitly be called Britain's fishpond, because, although fish are caught all round our coasts, the North Sea is the happy hunting - ground of the trawler and herrting- drifter. For instance, front May until Octo- ber, 1,000 miles of herring -nets are shot every night. A single drifter will have three or four miles of nets down, and the annual catch aggregates some three thousand million herrings. Few people realize how big this sea is. It is 300,000 square miles in ex- tent, xtent, and is fished by 6,000 boats, big, medium-sized, and small. Not all of this vast area is trawled, however, al- though the herring_ boats follow the sheets everywhere. There are special areas which attract the trawlers, who know the fishes' favorite haunts as in- timately ntimately as huntsmen know the spin- neys where a fox is likely to lurk. lite Dogger Bank., which lies mil way between England and Jutland, is the most important of these areas. Plaice and soles are taken in vast quantities from deep depressions along its edge. Similarly, though muck farther north, the Viking Banks are another happy hunting -ground. _--� The Clever Friend in Qgestion. A shy young hostess, in an effort to be genial, Ied aside the comparative stranger, whose name, somehow, eluded her. "Look;' she said, "I've paired you off with that lady in the corner. Will you take her in to dinner? My hus- band, naughty man, says she's a bit of an old frump, but she's got lots of money, and ode of his clever friends has just married her for it, so. we must be nice to her." "I am sorry, madam," said the guest, "but Iam the clever friend in ' ques- tion." —AND THE WORST IS YET TO COME Stories About Well -Known People A Tip for Ottawa. -Ireland is quieter and happier than she was, even though she is not entire- ly quiet and happy; nevertheless, stories of queer Irish methods reflect- ing less silent times still go around, and Lord Lansdowne is passing on an amusing legend of a meeting which is alleged, to have taken place at a small Irish village. At the end of the meet- ing the chairman rose and asked: "Hae army gintleman anny ques- tions to ask?" A man rose immediately and was promptly knocked down by a person of the opposite camp. "Has anny other gintleman anny question to ask?" proceeded the chair- man calmly. No other gentleman rose. "Carried unanimously," concluded the chairman. The Lowly Politician. The French political reshuffle brings to mind a story which suggests that French politicians do not always flat- ter latter their own profession. Trois may be because a blow half met is but half felt, and politicians all the world over are always receiving blows. The incident occurred at Versail- les, when M. Clemenceau and M. Pad- erewski met as politicians Colonel House described Paderewski as the greatest statesman at the Conference, and this made Clemenceau smile. "M. Paderewski," he -observed bland- ly, "you were the greatest pianist in P` y the world, and now you have chosen • to descent to our level. What a pity!" Lordly Twins. Lord Linlithgow passed through his e annual ordeal of buying a double sup - 0 i Amazing Strength Shown by Slight Youth of 19. Henry Saxon Brown, a nineteen- ! year old London boy, showed some wonderful strong -man feats at a re- cent exhibition here, says a .London despatch. He crushed a firm, rosy apple to pulp between his fingers, drove a nail at one blow from his hand through two thick planks, broke a chain with his teeth, made a horseshoe out of an iron bar fourteen inches long, and, la: tly, allowed five men and an anvil a quarter of a ton in weight to pass over boards supported solely by his chest. Slight In build, he looks much younger than his years. Even in his ceremonial tiger skin his appearance belies his great strength. He attributes his strength to bis chest development. As a boy he was puny, and after his father died of con- sumption his mother urged him to do chest exercises, which he did with simple home-made apparatus consist- ing of a single elastic strand with a metal ring at eithee' end. But his chest muscles alone do not make him keep his title •of the world's strongest -boy. He showed this when he lifted an ounce weight with his ear. Standing with feet apart, he hardened his muscles, and the Cling at the end of the •clip, which had pulled the top of his ear downwardas he stood easy, gradually rose until the ear was up- right. He repeated the feat several times; each time his body relaxed the ring fell again. A New Vitamine. • A new vitamine, which those who discovered it have temporarily named X, has been- found to influence the fertility of animals.- Lack of vitamine X in an artificial diet fed to rats pre- vented them from producing young. The discovery has now been confirmed' by another physician, who suggests that the new vitamine have a regular place in the alphabetical sequenoe as s vitamine E. Vitamines A, B and C affect growth in animals; vitamine D I stimulates yeast. o The Forest Lover's Song. The following beautiful verses wer written by the late Edmond Poly d Lotbiniere, an ardent lover of Nature. They were recently discovered by his son, Maor Alain Jely de othbiniere, in an old book!.. The verses might well be called 'the Forest Lover's Song of French Canada'. The Spring has come and Nature's mighty pulse Sends throbbing life through all things here below Now to the woods, haste, let us go Le boss est, beau, Le bois est toujours beau. Spring's lost in summer and the Earth's parched bosom pants, With Sol's warm Kiss, all nature is aglow, Come, to the woods, come, let us go, Le bois est beau, Le bois est toujours beau. Tho Autumn's here and Nature like a bride, Is blushing red, the trees with glowing fruit are bending low, Now to the woods, come, let us go, Le boss est beau, Le boil est toujours beau. The land is wrapped in Winter's er- mine garb, And like a weary child is resting neith the snow, Still to the woods, we'll wander; come, let's go, Le bois est beau, Le bois est toujours beau. Bamboo Orchestra. Tones said to rival the notes pro- duced by the modern metal saxophone are blown by members of a Manilla orchestra on their bamboo instru- ments. Variations in the length and diameter of the pipes of the saxo- phones cause different tones and some of the players have devised crude tops to increase the range. The abundance of the wood places the or- chestral equipment within the reach f those of moderate means. Mrs. Julia E. McKenna is the plumbing inspector for the village of Kenilworth, near Chicago, and in the photograph above is; shown inspecting the work of a local tradesman., 1 ply of birthday presents for his twin sons, Lord Charles and Lord John. i They have now "reached the age of Itwelve, but the responsibilities of life? not yet sit heavily upon them, • Recently their father deputed the ' old family gardener to give the twins instruction in the art of digging and ,growing, and the gardener started out hopefully enough. When, however, Lord Linlithgow asked him how things. were going along the old fellow shook his head and replied gloomily: "Badly, my lord, badly! I'll give no more lessons to the twins!"' "Why not?"masked the reaps ible parent. "Because," said the gardener dark- ly, "when I was instructing Lord John, Lord Oharles cut the buttons oft my trousers!" On the Contrary. This is rather a nice • story, told bats._ the now British Solicitor General, Siert l Henry Slesser, K.C. He was once ex- amining an Irish witness (Irish wit- nesses always seem to be the most interesting), and it soon became ap- parent that the man was not speaking the truth. Mr. Slesser, as he then was, used all his patience and perse- verance to overcome ditiioulties, but at last this patience gave out. , "Do you know the nature of an oath, sir?" he demanded bluntly, "1 da, . yer honor," replied the wit- ness, "Are you aware, sir," thundered Slesser, "that you are commanded in the Decalogue not to bear false wit- ness against thy neighbor?" "1 am, yer honor, but sure I'm not bearin' false witness agin him. I'm bearin' false witness for him!" Old Anchors. They have served their part. For them the storms are done, And the long ships lie sunken or ashore. Shackle and shaft lie pitted in the sun. Here, on the junk -yard floor. Here the worn flukes, now red with flaking rust, Take hold no longer on the harbor- bed. rhe stale wind weaves a coverlet of dust, To tell what days are -dead. No more the driving brine shall wrench the stocks That now are given to the gentler rains; And long -forgotten are the ocean - shocks That tried the stubborn chains. When, heedful of the hidden rocks and spits, The ironmasters' faith was justified, Till, to the groaning of the windlass- bitts, The tempest broke and died. Peace—peace! They have outworn the ancient needs, And wait new anvils of the time to be. Change is upon our ventures and our deeds! No change is on the sea. —George Sterling. Past the Switch of Safety. A long freight train was travelin south down one of the hardest grades on the road. The engineer looked ou of the window at a village a mil ahead; there was a switch there, and he had orders to turn off and let a passenger train run by him. He was not a new engineer, but he had no reckoned on the momentum of his lou trait, and he ran some twenty feet be yond the switch. When he reversed the engine the oars bumped one another, and the whole train moved backward perhaps a foot or two. Then it stopped. The engine did not have a full pressure of steam and so lacked the power to back up the grade. "She'll never make it till she blows off," a boy laho was watching remark- ed to another. He was quite right. Though the en- gineer tried again and againto back up the hill, he could not do it until, thanks to the efforts of the fireman, the engine gained full pressure and "blew off." Then the train began to hove slowly; by the time it passed the switch again it could have gone easily all the way up the grade. How many people run by the switch of safety! To run by is, oh, so easy, but to get back is another matter. Only a full pressure of steam, only the ful power of God, will start a life back to safety. --.W._ A Real Car.. Indian princes like. a :good,-cotnfort- able automobile,, ;A car recently made for the Maharaja of Rewah has . a double roof apd an electric fan. The windows am of padrah glass, which is opaque to outsiders, though the occu- pants of the oar can see through it clearly. The fittings include an alti- tude barometer, a gradometer, a direc- tion_ indicator dial, two swiveling searchlights and funnel ventilators. The car seats eleven„persons; it is painted light blue and decorated with gold. r,L _ The S. S. Bear. Little Girl—"Mother, where do they keep the cross-eyed bear in Sunday school?" r Mother -"What cross-eyed bear, my dear?" ' Little Girl --"Ole the 'Holy Cross I'd Bear' they sing about all the time." g t s Central Cooling. Climatic conditions have always proved a bar to the full development of hot Countries by Europeans; but the new system of central cooling, which has been perfected by experi- ments in the School of Tropical Medi- cine, Calcutta, may prove a key which will open up the great potential trea- sure -house of the tropics. By this system a special "cool room" can be kept at a temperature from twenty to thirty degrees below the outside heat. This is done by a forced supply of air, which is passed aver the pipes of a refrigerating plant before it reaches the room, while the relatively !tot air already in it is drawn out. Tho room Is specially in- sulated by cork. Experiments over a period o { years prove the efficiency of tlt"cool room," and also that one can pass be- tween it and the warmer air ouj.side without any injurious effect on health. Where They Should Be Hung. Modern Girl—"Now, mother, be- cause I'm going bathing, don't get oil that old thing about hanging-' your . clotheson hickory limbs!" Mother -"I won't; I'd rather advise that you hang some cldthes en your own." Preparing Geraniums for Winter Flowers. To have geraniums blooming from early in the winter until spring, it is necessary to start preparations in July. The cuttings taken now and rooted slowly and grown on will make the ideal plants as they will leave time to fill four or five -inch pots with roots, when they will begin blooming. I take flrm tips that are thick and short -jointed and leave one leaf on each and place two inches deep in a T box of half sail and half sand and. set outside under the east side of a bush where 1 can watch and keep moist. The box seould have good drainage. When the cuttings show signs of grow- ing they are potted up and kept growing steadily, repotting until in the size of pot they are to have in the.windote and then not repotted again for they want to be root -bound for best bloom- ing. The pot should be rather small for. the size of the plant.=A.H: • As the ,Pupiis Would Have •It. These amusing blunders, perpetra, ted by gids and boys in various. Eng• lisb schools, are listed in the Schoolmaster, an English journal for the ede acation of pedagogues:' What !s the effect of. lead on water? It sinks. . What bird lays the biggest egg? The l'lggest b]rd, What discovery was due to the falling of an apple? The wickedness of Eve, But perhaps the most amusing was one girl's confident declaration that the Roman numerals "LXX" stand. for. "love and kisses!"Richard. Cxp•�--lalns.. Rielxard finds it much easios learn- ing figures than letters: "What is this?" asked the teacher,. pointing to the letter B. • "That," replied Richard, p.rourlly, "1s just lammed together,"