HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Exeter Advocate, 1924-5-1, Page 2.,,.
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The refined and delicate beetity of
YO. -1 ..' the modern Iris. has been aptly con-
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, „ea') a: pared to that of the sky and sea. It
is well named the "rainboev flower,"
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faddreea communications tO Agronomtste 73 Adelaide St. West. Toronto
The Rainbow -Flowered Iris
KEEPING YOUNG CHICKS
GROWING.
A quick maturity means heavy lay.
11W. The pullet that drags along,
gaining slowly, very seldom is able to
gather enough energy to make a re-
cord. While a chick properly hatched
has a better chalice for maturing
rapidly, it is no guarantee unless sub-
sequent feed ' and care are right.
Stunted chicks will not respond even
to the best of feed.
The diet of the chick is practically
that of the hen. The feed that makes
eggs will likewise grow bone, muscle
and feathers. The food must consist
largely of nitrogenous material, bal-
anced with sufficient carbonaceous
matter to offset any ill effect that
might result from too much nitrogen.
To have early laying pullets in the
fall, and vogorous layers all winter,
the chickens must be kept growing.
If they are in good health they will
have a growing appetite, and this;
must be supplied with a liberal
tity of the best quality of food in
order that they may store up energy.
There is nothing better for growing
chickens than a good grass range.
Here the youngsters not only gather
green food and insects, but they are
continually exercising. At night their:
crops are as hard as bullets, and the
good night's rest fits them for renew-
ed foraging the next day.
But the range must have some
shade. There must be cool spots where
the youngsters can rest on hot sum-
mer days. During the cool morning
hours you will notice the chicks work-'
ing on the west Ade of the tree, and
as the afternoon gun strikes under
the branches the birds will be found
on the., east side, and far enough away
so they are out of the sun. They fol.
low the shade.
Berry bushes make good shade; and
also protect the chicks from hawks
and crows. By all means use growing
plants for shade, because they give off
moisture which makes the spot cooler
than shade obtained in any other way.
There is nothing better than a range!,
in a corn -field or a large patch of sun -I
flowers. Here shade will be found,1
and ere will be plenty of young
tender green shoots and fat, delicious
bugs and worrne. Where natural
shade is lacking artificial shelters
must be provided.
On the ordinary farm the growing,
chick is too often left to hustle for!
itself. This is not entirely a bad,
move, since there is so much grain,
etc., about. But the demands made by
the developing bodies of chicks are,
great; the materials the chicks have.
gathered to meet these demands are
diverse. The chick in ten weeks shows
a gain of 1,500 per cent., and duck.'
lings may add from 5.0 to 100 per
cent. to their weight weekly.
This growth is not merely of flesh,
fat or soft tissue, for the extensive,
strong, bony framework must be
formed with equal rapidity. Ten per
cent. of the body of an average fowl
is made up of mineral bone elements
or "ash"; and the percentage must be
much greater irelean, immature birds.
Hence you will see that grain is;
not enough for chicks. The ordinary,
grains will not supply thie'ash in the
proportion needed. Corn contains only
1.1A per cent. of ash; wheat lees than
2 per cent. • wheat screenings or oats,'
3 per cent; middlings, 3 1-3 per cent;
and bran (the richest in this element,
of grains) -carries less than 6 pal
cent.
To obtain the needed amount of ash,
we must either force the fowl to eat:
large quantities of food, or some foods:
richer in mineral elements than grains i
must be provided. If the bone -making;
material is not abundant, the bones
of the bird will be large, soft and
weak, resulting in lameness or de-
formity; or the bird will make slow
and unsatisfactory growth..
Experiments made at the New York
Station show plainly the need of
plenty of ash for growing fowls. These •
tests indicate that tiny chicks can
make good use of such uncommon ele-
ments as sand and roek phosphate.
Those elements, however, can be more
easily obtained, in better combination
and in more paltable form in mater-
ials already recommended' by our most
successful feeders—fine raw or cooked
bone. Every grower of thicks should
use constantly some animal meal,
green vegetables, clover or alfalfa,
and good, clean grit.
Weaklings should be removed from
the flock whenever found. Very little
is gained in trying to save them, for,
they seldom become vigorous. They'
are an easy prey for parasites and
readily contract disease.
Riad selection for vigor should be
practiced throughout the life of the,
chicks, so that no weak or undesirable;
specimens will find their way to the)
breeding -pen. Weak chicks grow into
poor breeders.
Early roosting should be encour-
aged,,
along with plenty of exereise.1
Roosts should be placed not more than
a foot above the floor when the chicks
are about a month old. Early roost-
ing will prevent crowding, overheat-
ing and smothering at night.
Cockerels should be separated frain
pullets about the time the cockerels!
begin nagging. This gives both lots
more room and the cockerels may be
fed. more heavily. When possible,
chicks should be grouped according
to age. Above all, the coops and
houses must be kept clean and well
disinfected, for no chicks will thrive
if tormented by vermin.
The British Empire Exhibition
The Experimental Farms Branch of
the Dominion Department of Aegricul-
tore will be represented at the British
Empire Exhibition by a model Experi-
mental farni surrounded by typical
scenic work. The space occupied will
be 40 by 60 feet. The model will be to
scale, and complete as to buildings,
fences, roads, shelter belts, rotation
fields, experimental plots, live stock,
and horticultural sections. A display
will be made of sheaves of grains,
forage crops, fruits, etc., originated,
improved or introduced by the Branch.
Transparencies, pictorial and other-;
wise, will give further information as
to the services rendered, and a book-
let 'wall be distributed for the informa-
tion of prospective settlers and others.
The exhibit to be made by the Do-
zninion Live Stock Branch will occupy
a space of 128 feet long by eight feet
deep. Canadian bacon will be featur-
ed in an attractive. manner in co-
operation with the Canadian Packers,
who will keep the exhibit supplied
with this commodity.
The stocker and feeder business
will be presented by means of scenes
ehowing (1) Cattle on Canadian sum- I
iner pastures; (2) Cattle on the west-
ern range in winter, and (3) Can-:
adian cattle after theifttransfer to 1
British pastures.
Displays will be made of Canadian
poultry, eggs and wool. Canadian
egg standards will be depicted, as well
as the Canadian system of recording
the performance of poultry. The wool
and textile exhibit will include an ex-
hibit of wool from the Prince of
Wales' ranch in the Province of Al-
berta. Numerous transparencies will
illustrate Canadian farm scenes and
typical specimens of live stock,
The Seed Branch of the Department
of Agriculture has collected an exhibit
a seed from commercial sources and
plant breeders to exhibit at the Brit-
ish Empire Exhibition for the pur-
pose of showing this branch of Can-
adian industry and stimalating trade
in the export of • hardy, northerngroven seed within the Empire and to.
Northern Europelen coinetries.
There have been seeured for this
exhibit the prize winning sample
from national and international eeed
ineluding the championship
wheat, oats and peas- at the Chicago
inieruiona Which were all Cane
adian-grown exhibits. The plant
breeders have supplied samples of
Elite stock seed representing the main
kinds and varieties originated by
them and those in process of improve-
ment. From commercial sources, in-
cluding the Canadian wholesale seed
trade, larger exhibits have been secur-
ed showing high grades of cereal
grains, alsike and other clovers, grass-
es, peas, beans and corn, representa-
tive of the qualities of this season's
crop, and available for export in car
lots.
Some 3,000 boxes of apples have
been collected by the Fruit Branch to
represent Canadian fruit at the exhi-
bition. The display will be ret up
and maintained by the Exhibition
Branch of the Department of Trade
and Commerce.
than the ma°, for example, have the
limpid quality of . a perfect Juno day,
and flush and fade like the rainbow
itself.
To garden lovers this flower makes
a strong epeal. To -day it is held in
much higher esteem than was the ease
twenty-five or thirty years ago, due in
no small degree to the introduction of
varieties that are far more attractive
than the old blue flag and other medi-
ocre kinds hi grandmother's garden.
is 3u5 as easy to good
iris as an ordinary ane, so we should
harden our hearts and dismiss with a
blessing some of the older varieties
that have done good service in the
past but are now far eclipsed.
The tall, bearded. irises, to which
this article refers, are among the most
satisfactory of garden plants. First,
the iris is a plant of unusual distinc-
tion both as regards flower and foli-
age. It flowers abundantly, and in all
hues and tones of lavender, mauve
and purple. Then there are white,
cream, pale yellow, deep yellow, and
combinations of these,
Second: Thc irises of this type are
entirely hardy, need no whiter pro-
tection, and increase rapidly. This
iris is not exacting as to soil or loca-
tiou. It will thrive anywhere but in
sour, wet, low-lying, shady. spots. It
responds best, however, on the upper
level, where drainage is sharp, and
on soil of light to medium texture.
Where well grown, it is not likely to
One Hour's Carelessness.
"I don't think much of these colony
brooders," said Careless John, yawn-
ing wearily. "I tried them out last
summer and it didn't seem to me that
they saved any work to speak of. Just
kept me running down to the corn-
field seeing if things were all right.
And, at the end of the season, I didn't
have any more chickens that I had
when I let the hens take care of 'em"
The county representative had been
trying to impress on John's mind the
importance of brooders, and the profit
in poultry. But John was not inter-
ested. First of all, he didn't like the
bother of so many hens all summer
with their broods of little chicks, and
when the agent had suggested the use
of the colony -house system, John said
the colony house was a joke -' he "knew
all about them" because he had failed
to make them go, and according to his
logic, anything that wouldn't work
itself into money for him, waan't
"worth its salt."
He yawned again and stretched his
arms slowly. "Why, 1 had two of
them colony houses last year, neighbor,
and put them down in the corn -field,
just as the Agricultural College fellow
told me. Well, the chicks,"300 to each
house, were four weeks old when I
moved them down there, along about
the first of May.
"They got along fine for a few days,
and then a cold night came along, just 466 bushels to the acre; two inches,
as sudden as lightning. The next 381; three inches, 405; four inches,'
morning -when I went down there, 1 394; five inches, 387; six inches, 377;
foiled thatall the chicks had crowded seven inches, 307; eight inches, 284.
into one of the colony -house brooders. --The shallow planted seed was given
thought a weasel had been busy slightly more covering.
when I first went in.
"There was a big pile of dead chicks Sprouting Oats in the Runs.
A. lot were standin' around humped up This spring and summer,
trials will
and wet as the dickens. I reckon they be made in sprouting oats in the runs
be seriously affeeted either by disease
er insects. a
That these are strong qualifications,
all will admit, and. justify our advo-
cating a more general usein garden
planting. .
The best time to plant the iris is
either in the early spring or in the
month of August. If it is simply a
question of dividing old clumps, or if
the source of supply of new -plants is
near at hand, planting may be. under-
taken at any time aftei- the flowering
season is over.
In planting, the rhizomes should be
set near the surface. The fibrous
roots attached to the rhizome should
extend down into the soil on all sides.
A good practice is to mound up the
soil in the centre of the hole and set
the rhizomes on this.
The iris may be given a , place in
any perennial border, whether long or
short, wide or narrow. If the space
will permit, it is a good plan to plant
medium sized divisions of one variety
two feet apart in groups of three to
five plants. Repeated at regular in-
tervals in a long border, the plants
form accent points or centres of at-
traction because of their marked di-
vergence from other types. A fine
effect is often produced by planting
with a 1 ackground of flowering shrubs
such as lilac and spirea. The well-
known variety pallida Dantatica, a
clear lavender with flower stems four
feet high, bearing from thee() to five
gigautie flowers, combined with the
wisteria vine or the apricot -flowered
Oriental poppy, Mrs. Perry, will pro-
duce a color combination worth a long
trip to see.—The Ontario Horticultur-
al Association.
4
Hatching With the Incubator.
When using an incubator for the
first tiine, one is fortunate if a high
percentage hatch is secured, as ex-
perience is needed to be able to follow
even the clearest directions in work of
this sort. Exhibition Circular No. 2
of the Experimental Farms, recom-
mends a well ventilated cellar with a
fairly even temperature, as a good
location for the machine. In any ease,
fresh air is necessary, but draughts
should be avoided. It is also import-
ant, if one has not a suitable cellar,
that the machine should stand on a
floor that does not vibrate when walk-
ed upon. To get satisfactory results
lt is necessary to have the conditions
right in relation to heat, moisture,
, cooling, turning, and testing. The
Circular to which reference is made,
"Artificial Incubation," is obtainable
from the Publications Branch, and
deals with these points, and shows by
illustrations and contrast pictures,
suitable and uusuitable types of eggs
for hatching. An essential point
brought out is that the eggs for hatch-
ing should be secnredgfrene vigorous
.well bred stock. With such eggs a
modern incubator .shouldbe" depended
`upon, if properly handled, te. yield it
good proportion. of chinks from the
eggs entrusted to it.
• The radial is usually the man who
likes to blame somebody else for .his
eeen**MiStaleesr. ; ,
:66603iti.k.6;066.• .6 .6 .
Depth to Plant Potatoes.
The depth at which potato sets are
planted has a marked influence on the
yield. Shallow planting has been
found by test at the Experimental
Farms, Ottawa, to give much better
results than deep planting. In loose,
sandy soil at Ottawa, the most econ-
omical depth has been shown to be
from four to five inches. At this depth
the seed is not disturbed at harrowing
the crop soon after planting, to des-
troy weeds and conserve moisture, On
very light soils liable to dry out a
little deeper planting is better.
For the early crop, shallow planting
has an advantage, because the warm
surface soil is favorable to quick
growth. Seed planted only one inch
deep gave best results, but is not to
be recommended for field culture.
An experiment was conducted for,
sevne years in planting potatoes at
different depths in rows two and a
half feet apart, the sets being placed
twelve inches apart in the rows. The
sets had at least three eyes each. The
soil was sandy, and level cultivation
was used in the experiment. When
the sets were planted less than four
inches deep, -nearly all of the crop was
found between that depth and the sur...
face of 'the soil. The best results I
were obtained with planting one inch
deep and the poorest at eight inches.'
The yields were as follows: one inch,'
just sweat themselves to death that
night. Anyhow, there were only about
150 chicks left out of the 600. So,
you can't talk colony houses to me,
neighbor!" •
The county representative tried to
explain to John that the trouble was
not clue to the colony houses, but to
the fact that the chicks had all stamp-
eded into one house and smothered
themselves to death later in the night.
Six hundred chicks will generate a
tremendous amount of heat when
crowded into one little colony house.
Had Careless John taken the trouble
to move his colony houses some dis-
tance apart, he would not have lost
his chicks. It is hen sense for all to
crowd into the smaller of two brood-
ers, if two are placed close together.
Fowls do not roost by themselves, un-
less separated and—trained to do so.
They all flock together in the smaller
brooder, every time. If Careless John
had gone down to the corn -field that
cold May night, he would have saved
his flock even their, put John wanted
to sit down that evening and enjoy
himself. His hour's rest cost him a
season's profits.
Sorne Recommended Roses.
There are wide differences with re-
gard to the susceptibility to disease
between the various modern roses.
Bulletin 85 of the Experimental
Farms, entitled "Hardy Roses,"
names twenty varieties of hybrid teas
that are regarded as fairly resistent
to black spot and mildew. Five of
these are Avoca, red; Dean Hole,
pink; Etoile" de France, red; Mrs.
Harold Brocklebank, .cream; Lady
Ursula, pink. In the climbing varie-
ties American Pillar is resistant, and
Eiccelsa might take the place' of the
old Crimson Rambler which is a Sus-
ceptible variety. Good pinks are Dor-
'<thy Perkins and Tausendschon.
The difference between, men and
motors is that usually .enotoln knock
when. they go uphill while men gener-
ally knock when. they are going down
hill. .
ISSUE No. 167-)24.
so that there may be a constant sup-
ply of green food available. For this
purpose frames are made out of 2x4 -
inch scantling, and over the top one -
inch wire netting is tacked, which pre-
vents the fowls from graiing the oats
too closely and also from scratching
out the roots. These frames are made
of a length convenient to be handled.
The ground is first dug up and
manured, and the oats plerited. From
time to time the frames can be remov-
ed to new sections of the runs, and a
new supply grown while the hens are
finishing up the roots of the old one.
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Soaking takes the
place of rubbing—
IUST by soaking the, clothes in the suds
of this new soap,dirt is gently loosened
and dissolved.
Even the dirt that is ground in at neck-
bands and cuff -edges yields to a light
rubbing with dry Rinso. Not a thread
is weakened. The mild Rinso suds work
thoroughly through and through the
clothes without injury to a single fabric.
Rinso is made by the makers of Lux. For the family
wash it is as wonderful as Lux is for fine things.
.411 grocers and department stores sell Rinso.
LEVER BROTHERS L1M!TED. TORONTO
R-4-24
How Cracked Eggs May Be
Hatched.
I often, send away for fine eggs for
hatching, paying a good price for
them. In spite of the fact that they
are carefully panketi, when they reach
me some of them will be cracked. For
a time my loss in this way was heavy,
until I decided upon this plan to save
them:
I examine each cracked egg care-
fully to see whether the skin under
the shell is broken. If it is, the egg
is worthless, but if the skin is un-
broken I cover the crack with a thin
coating of glue, and allow it to dry be-
fore placing the egg in the incubator.
I find that an egg treated in this
way '11 hatch • 11 as one not
cracked. I have hatched eggs having
spider -web cracks as large as a quar-
ter—in several instances when the
shell was slightly dented in by the
crack—by treating them with glue be-
forehand. For a number of years I
have not lost a fertile egg on account
of a crack, unless the skin under it
was broken, or the crack covered more
than half the egg.—M. J. Atkinson.
Hot Water Bath.
Hot water is a good medicine for
sick cabbages as determined by college
pathologists, who have discovered a
new cure for black leg, an infectious
disease which has caused a loss of
thousands of dollars to cabbage pro-
, tucers.
j • The corrosive sublimate treatment
which has been used for black rot and
recommended for black leg is not al-
together satisfactory, sb the experts
say. Now they have found that seed
immersed for thirty minutes in water
kept at 122 degrees is free from both
infections, but the hot water also re-
duces the germination. Plump anct
healthy seed stand the treatment
much better than poor seed and there
is no doubt that the advantages gain-
ed in freeing the seed from the dis-
ease overbalances the reduced germ-
ination.
HOGS
We are just glad that .hogs like
water—fresh, clean, pore 9 titer— in,
abundance. If they did not like water,
they might then be demanding a sub-
stitute that is more costly to provide.
The good hog man sees that every.
hog on his premises has every ounce'
of this liquid elixir of life that is
needed. He does not stint where time
cost is so little and the results are
so certain.
The pig drinks more pounds than he
eats. Piggies' all important body
when very young may carry as high
as 80 per cent. of water, and from
this down to as low 'as 35 per cent.
when he is well fitted for the shambles.
See, therefore, that he has plenty of
plenty of liquid refreshments that are
not too cold in winter, nor too hat in.
summer.
Raw linseed oil, applied once or
twice daily, removes warts or corns in
a few days. With it we ,removed warts
from a cow's teats, a patch of warts
from a cow's nose, warts from our
hands, a corn from the end of my
finger, and those terribly painful
"soft" corns between toes. It is good
for chapped hands and burns. To
prevent staining clothing, wrap parts
to which it is applied—L. L. L.
Legume hay, tankage, or dairy pro-
ducts fed to the sow will make the
pig crop strong and increase the per-
centage of those maturing.
When you want Syrup, always specify the
•
PATSoOC
*rig;
47
65Benson9s Golden"
Equal to the best Cane.
Crown Brand" "Lily White"
The Standard Corn Syrup. A White Syrup like Honey.
"Lassies"
Equal to the best Molasses.
manufactured by
THE CANADA stX.Rcit CO., LIMITED, MONTREAL,
1 IuIu liniimmunt mum j:twin IL
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