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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Exeter Advocate, 1924-4-10, Page 6• r eeteee Y 4 -Jane use yly'y, _ m_s .#.actress tccnmunlcatiens to Agronosrean 73 Adelaide Se, West. Toronto• KEEP Tim S'OURCE CLEAN. dust, Many large windows pr ovide. The milk -consuming public is de- ample sunlight, In this kind ,of barn mendin • better milk ever ear. 1f odors are reduced to a minimum. No - the dairymen desire to see their busy - g y Y thing worse could happen to the milk than to have it contaminated with nes:; grow, They must provide that . better milk. Only too many of them foul stable odors. A good ventilation system, which mai-he home -built is the believeitheythat ip matter ere dirty almost a necessity, and will eventually the milk ship to the creamery, e - the. cheese factory, the condensery, or be required by city inspectors. There is nothing more disgusting' varydistributing plants, that hese than to go into a stable and see the various organiz s len are able by cows covered with manure which' isele. some kind renovate tenthe io uce so matted into the hair. Manure is re - as to i akd tsaisthe products so moved at least twice daily out of to make it satisfactory. While it every well regulated stable. The at- izationis true that clarification and that direr- Cendant also watches carefully to see can do wonders in direr• - tion, they cannot do it all. This was brought home to me most forcibly not so long ago on inspecting e farm where milk was battled for city de- livery. ..•- - Everything about the dairy or bot - ling house was above criticism, the that none ofthe droppings reinain where the cows can lie down upon them, but pushes them into the gut- ters. Plenty of bedding follows as a matter of course. But in addition to the prompt removal of the manure, clipping the flanks and udders of the cows makes it much harder for filth equipment was ample, and the meth- to attach itself. Then if the cows are ods good. In the barnconditionsweregroomed or brushed so as to remove by no means as satisfactory. Every all loose hair, clean milking is much experienced iuilkinan knows that un- easier. It is even a good plan to take less he gets clean milk to start with, a steel wire brush and wash the cow's that later precautions are only Par- tails thoroughly about once a month dally satisfactory. Inasmuch as the in soap and hot water. If • the cows average dairy farmer is not concerned are groomed a short time before milk - with bottling his own milk, he is able ixig, they should be chained up in the to concentrate his attention upon stanchion so they cannot lie down maintaining satifactory barn condi- until milked. This is easily accom- tions, When the milk conies from the plished with a strap around the cow's barn it must be "right," or the best neck, with a snap to fasten the strap quality of milk cannot be set before to a little chain at the top of the the consuming public. stanchion. There no longer 18 any dispute The habits of the milker are import- about the right type of barn. In the oat. I am not an advocate of absolute modern dairy barn the floors are of dry -hand milking, but like to wipe off concrete, and maple gutters are pro- the udder of the cow with a damp ided. Most new barns which are be- cloth just before milking, and to wash ing built have sanitary steel ,tan- my hands after every cow. To keep ehions. In other weeds, the cows are enough milk in your hands so that it given a chance to stay clean. Chutes can drop into the pail is a filthy habit. are provided, so that hay, bedding, Send -covered pails, tests show, will and feed can be taken into the stable keep most of the dust and hair from without raising a great amount of falling into the milk, w to Plat a Tree • If You Give it Just About Half a Chance it Will Do its Best to Live. BY FRANK A. WAUGH. Plant it with the roots in the gi'uund and the buds in the air. This ice the only rule in transplanting young trees—at lent the only rule to which there tare no important ex- ceptions. Beginners in gardening do not feel like that. They have a superstition that planting a tree is a ceremony; that it. has some astrology in it; that one has to consult the moon, the cal- endar and the Cyclopedia Universalis. Yet the truth is that a young healthy tree is very hard to kill, With the tree it is a matter of life or death; nd the tree wants to live a great deal worse than we want to have it. All the ancient and solemn exhorta- i ions to eetreme care are probably bunk. Take one, often repeated, about preserving all the small, fibrous roots. Now ordinary transplanting does not preserve 5 per cent. of the aforesaid fibrous roots; and if 5 or 10 per cent. should be preserved by the conscien- tious gardener they would die and rot in the ground and a new set of feed- ers would be put out before the little tree really took up life anew. Or take the other charming thought that all the main roots must be saved and carefully combed out by some- body's fingers, tenderly placed in their natural positions and softly bedded down with moist earth. Henry M. Stringfellow some years ago shocked the horticultural world out of that notion. He preached what he called "the new horticulture"; and his doc- trine succinctly stated, was that all the roots should be cut off the trans- planted tree and nearly all the top. When he was ready to plant there was nothing left but a stub of a root four inches long, a stub of a top four inches long and alabel. And the most ridi- culous part of his system was that his trees grew just as well as those cod- dled infants that were planted by the trained nurse. WE CAN'T MAKE DEAD ONES GROW. Another instructive example show- ing how much a young tree will stand may be drawn from the universal practice of the foresters. They feel obliged, for reasons of economy, tie cut out all the frills and plant trees just as rapidly and just as cheaply as it is possible to do it. So theytake a bucketful of nursery trees in one hand and a special spade or adz in the other, start in a bee line -up the hill and plant as fast as theywalk. A hole is forced in the raw weedy sod, the seedling is forced into the hole, the earth is firmed back with one jab of a hobnailed boot and the:treis planted. In site of the . unprepared p p. epat•ed soil and in. spite of the competition of weeds and grass,-neariy all these trees grow. So we rimy with confidence ap- proaeh our little task of transplanting P r� our few garden trees. We will not ask them, either, to submit to any up- necessary rough-housing. On the con- trary, ox tr.•ar r we will do what we easily can 3, a. < to make thein_ happ in th"; ppy their new homes. • But let us remember what hat IFIrs.. Thorne said to her married datigliter when asked about cooking salt mack- erel. Mrs. Thorne said, "In the first place I get a good mackerel." This is indeed highly important. If a nursery tree is dead when we begin to plant it no amount of ceremonious care will bring it back to life. It is probable, indeed, that 90 per cent. of the fail- ures in transplanting small trees are due to exposures and injuries which occur between the time the tree is dug and the moment when it gets back into the soil. Some of these injuries are due to careless digging and packing, to bad storage, to heating or drying in ship- ment or to exposure to the air and wind after unpacking. This last item of exposure is one of the most deadly; and inasmuch as it is wholly within the control of the tree planter him- self he is inexcusable if he permits its occurrence. THE SIMPLE J03 OF HEELING IN. The next point at which the anxious tree transplanter may properly give himself some concern is in the pre- paration of the soil. Above has been cited the practice of the silviculturists in planting in raw sod; but this is not to be recommended for fruit trees, bush. fruits, ornamental trees and shrubs or any other garden species. Indeed, all experience shows emphati- cally that any failure to have the land well cultivated, sweet and clean, greatly multiplies the percentage of losses. If .any number of trees are to be planted it is often necessary to keep thein for a few days after their ar- rival from the nursery. They should be heeled in. The trees 'are taken out of the bale or packing box in which they are received. The roots are rolled in a puddle of thin mud. This process, known as puddling, is almost always followed by large planters -and also by the knowing small ones. . It covers the roots with a coating of soil, which greatly retards their drying out, They are then placed in a trench, usually about eighteen inches deep, the roots are deeply covered with moist earth and solidly trodden down. Here they will keep for weeks pro- vided the weather is not so warm as to start thein into growth nor so dry as to desiccate them. Of course the effects of a very dry spell can be al. deviated by heavy watering, When th • hour comes for the final planting the trees can be taken • out of thetrench and placed in a large I pail or a barrel. In this receptacle will be some water and perhaps; some soil, to keep the roots from drying. If many trees are to be planted the hares should be dug in advance or by a separate gang working ahead. If only a dozen or so are to be handled the holes can be dug one at a time as we are ready for them. The holes raixst be dug lig enough and dee .i P ! enough, 3tee .se tires, remembering on the one hand .that roots should not be! rolled up and forced into the hole,: and the on the other that- it is wise to cut 'oti i -,l. ell longend s rev n! roots. Dots: p g n ed I...dc....,uailx roots and Lops should P be eut back at: transplanting time. It is by rid means necessary to go to the Stringfellow extreme, consider- able pruning is advisable'-, The best amount -Will depend on many= •variable conditions which cannot be discussed here;' but the- discussion : may be spared the easier, since the 'trees are bound to grow in any' case,, Using fresh sweet `friable soil for filling in upon the roots is really es- sential, ssential, in "spite of all facts mentioned at the beginning of •this article. A tree. bedded in straw; manure, sod, stones or clods hard as brick shards stands a poor chance. This clean soil should be firmed dowry by Bard tramping. This, too, is important. A common practice is to water trees heavily when they are planted out. If the ground is 'quite dry this treatment is advisable, On `the other hand, if the soil is moist and in thoroughly good tilth this watering is unneces- sary. In some cases it may even prove` postively harmful, For ex- ample, if x-ample,if planting is done in clay, the watering and tramping of the soil may puddle it and lead to its baking, after which the tree will have a hard time indeed. Another common practice is to ap- ply manure or fertilizer about newly planted trees. The fertilizer may act as a mulch and do considerable ser- vice; but the plant food thus gener- ously offered the little tree is seldom used. The transplanted tree has to spend the greater part of the new year building a new root system, and until this system has reached some de- velopment fertilizers cannot be gath- ered. There is, in fact, seldom any call for extra plant food before the second year. There are then a few points which may be, reasonably observed in trans- planting young trees. First, get a good tree, one that is thoroughly alive. Second, keep it in good condition by appropriate but simple means till the moment of planting. Third, have the soil in the pink of condition. Fourth, plant the tree quickly, firm the soil and go on to the next one, After this all that is necessary is to give the tree a chance. God made that tree with every twig, fibre and cell full of life and with no other pur- pose or expectation but to live. Living is its business; and as our purposes happen to coincide with those of the tree we ought to get on together with great success. The Best Sources of Seed Grain. Persons looking for reliable infor- mation as to where desirable seed of approved varieties may be purchased will find the Canadian Seed Growers' Association, 114 Vittoria St., Ottawa, one of the most satisfactory sources upon which to draw. This orgeniza- tion is composed, of several hundred growers of high grade seed' grain. They operate according to definite rules in order that their seed, if satis- factory, niay be in line to receive the highest official seed grade, namely, "Registered Seed." This grade of seed is required to be pure as to variety, free from weed seeds and other impurities, contain not more than one seed of other cultivated crops per five pounds of seed, and germinate at least 90 per cent. Seed which does not quite comply with this high stan- dard, in so far as freedom from other cultivated grain is concerned, but which does not contain more seeds of other cultivated grains than a total of 10 to the pound, may receive the official seed grade called Extra No. 1. It is one of these grades which the farmer should endeavor to secure for seeding: 'rhe Association constitutes the chief medium through which the pedi- greed seed produced at the Experi- mental Farm is propagated and brought into commerce. It also co- operates with our best seed merchants, the latter purchasing a considerable proportion of their supplies from or direct through the former. The As- sociation is, therefore, in a position to direct prospective purchasers wher- ever they may be as to where they may most 'likely' be able to secure Registered or Extra,;No. 1 seed of the varieties which will give. them satis- factory results. " • The commercial value Of pure; vital seedeof productive varieties- is fully recognized be a great . many of• our best farmers. Unfortunately;, how ever, it is not' appreciated very fully as yet by the average crop' raiser. Spectal Trial Samples—In order to facilitate and encourage the distribu- tion and trial of registered, seed through Canada, the Canadian Seed Growers' Association is prepared to receive orders for 100 pound sacks or more of Banner, Victory of . Gold Rain oats, O A.C. 21 barley, or Huron, Marquis or Ruby wheat, at $2 per 100 pounds,- f.o.b. shipping ..point, -fox the wheat -and barley, and $3:?5 . per 100 pounds for oats. A money order at- tached to a letter ordering 10etpounds ox more of .one of, the above varieties addiessed to the Canadian Seed'.Grow- ers' Association, 114 Vittoria St., Ot- tawa, .will receive prompt attention. The -above amount, of .seed' would give a . farmer a very good start in good, seed ai:dat the sane' time would give'him an opportunity to- compare the returns from his own '..seed -with those realized froze the' seed , pur- chased. C• hurning. On many thermometers. at 62 deg. the word "churning" • is printed. If • the manufacturers placed it there as a guide, many have mistaken it for is rule, There is no standard temperature for churning, as conditions vary and many things should be taken into con- sideration; for example, low churning temperatures may be used when -we haye such conditions as rich cream, not too much in the churn, succulent feed, and cows fresh in milk. Choose the temperature that will bring the butter in nice, firm graules in from 20 to 30 minutes. A range of temperatures that will cover most farm conditions would be 54 to 68 deg. F. in summer, and 56 to 64 deg. in winter, so says Miss B. Millar, Dairy Dept., 0. A. College. In farm dairies the barrel churn is used, and having it about one-third full will make the work easier A great many of tho long churnings are caused by having too much cream in the churn. Another cause of long churning is having the cream too cold. If, after churning about thirty min- utes, there is no sign of butter com- ing, raise the temperature of the cream a few degrees. Take the cream from the churn, place the can in a vessel of warm water and stir the cream until the required temperature is reached. With very thin cream it is difficult to gather the butter and it may be -necessary to draw off part of the buttermilk and ccntinue the work, re- velving the churn 'lowly. If the butter breaks and will not gather, but remains about the size of c'.over seed, take the temperature of the contents of the churn, add a quart or two of water a few degrees warn- er, revolve the churn a few times, let it stand a minute or two, then draw off part of the diluted buttermilk, and continue the churning. If a rich cream thickens dining the process of churning and concussion ceases, add enough water at the sane temperature to dilute it so that it will drop again. Difficult churnings are caused in a number of ways but can be avoided if a little thought is given to the question. • When the granules of butter are about one-half the ' size of wheat grains, add a couple of quarts of water several degrees colder than the temperature of the cream and con - Untie churning until the granules are the size of wheat grains, when the churning as a rule is completed. If butter comes with the first drawn buttermilk, it is a"sign that the churn-, ing is not quite completed. Give a few More turns to the churn. The successful man keeps his mouth shut and his mind open. THE SUNDAY SCHOOL LESSON APRIL 13 1 Elijah and the Struggle With Bait!, 1 'Kings 16: 29 to 19: 21; ch. 21; 2 Kings,1: 1 to 2 : 12. Golden. Text—No man can serve two masters. Ye cannot serene Gori and. rainmori.—Matt. 6; -24. CONTINUATION OF TILE'SToltr—We and their priests and prophets.rtf r ' mustnow follow for a little more immediate result appears to hay- . thantwohundred years, the parallel a bitterpersecution ofthe champ history of the two kingdoms, -.Israel of :Jehovahe the slaughter of many of and Judah. Israel.was 'the ldngdonx them, and the flight of Elijah. Soine of the ten tribes, had much the larger had escaped, but Were in hiding under territory, including all north of Ju- the care of the king's steward, and dah and east of Jordan, and was rich- ,probably with the . knowledge of the er, more populous, and more powerful king himeelf, who cannot have favor - than Judah. But Judah had the ad- ed the persecution, but was morally vantage. of being more isolated from too weak to prevent it. Elijah, befox, _• the outside world and less 'subject to his disappearance redieted th � p : p its temptations, and Judah's kings in- drought which afflicted the land for herited the ideals,the ambitions, and three years. In the, third year Le the prestige of he•eat reigns of suddenly appeared and challenged the David and Solomon. The kingdom of king and the Baal worshippers to this Judah remained, therefore, conpar-imeeting at Carmel. There must have atively stable, and'itts royal iiiie, with been widespread discontent among one tragic exception, unbroken for, the people or Jezebel would have three hundred and fifty years.. But sought to prevent the meeting. Per- Israel's kingdom was torn by frequent haps she thought, however, .that her revolutions, its dynasties were short- numerous prophets would gain an lived and evil, and it came to a dis-, easy victory over -1 lija.li. estrous end when invaded by the As- I V. 22. 1 only. At Carmel Elijah syrians after two centuries only of stood alone. Had he failed, his life troubled existence. I would have certainly been taken by The historians have little good to the fierce partisans of Baal, There say of the kings of Israel. Jeroboam were other prophets, but they dared set an evil exa-mple for those who 'not show themselves, and many people - came after him, and was remembered who had not bowed the knee to Baal as the man who "made Israel to sin,"i (19:18), but they dared not yet to His first act was to fortify Shechem take his part. He stood alone, sus - and make it his capital, Then he tained only by his faith in God, and tF established national sanctuaries at he stood flintily, not halting (that is, Bethel in the south, and at Dan on', "going lame") between two opyu' one. the slopes of Mount Hermon in the as he said the people of Israel-. north, so that the people might not ,their king were doing. t be :tempted to go to Jerusalem to) Vs. 36-39. Let it be Icnowi. God does • worship, thus recognizing how strong not always reveal himself in this way, a bond of unity lay in the common nor does he always decide in such a religion. By his endowment and pa -,way as this, the issues between faith tronage of the northern shrines, he and unbelief. But Elijah's case was a hoped to break that bond. At these desperate one, and the . lightning • shrines he set up images of Jehovah stroke from heaven that kindled his in the form of golden calves, thus de- sacrifice, was to him and to the as - grading the worship of Israel's God. aenibled people, the answer of God. to a level with that of Baal, be made - APPLICATION. new priests who were not •.f the old' God has usually advanced his own priestly families of Levi, and changed cause through the instrumentality of the date of some of the ancient great personalities—Moses, Elijah, festivals, (Amos, Paul. But even suei great Ch. 18: 20. Ahab appears in some men would be powerless if itu were dot respects to have been one of the best that the people were aiready feeling of the kings of Israel. His father after the sarse tri,Xth. Your great was Ornri, the founder and builder of nien Iike Paul, or Luther, or Calvin, Samaria. Ile himself fought sour-; or Wesley, light the : fuse,. and, he ageously and successfully against the explosion takes place. Syrians who invaded his country and; Elijah lived in a rough age, a rude besieged Samaria, and at one time,' and primitive time -when the light of as Assyrian records show, his armies true religious faith was very 'e im. fought side by side .with the Assyr- ,Therefore his treatment of his inns against Assyrian invaders from priestly foes furnishes no guidance the east. His treatment of the van- to us who follow the method of Jesus. quashed king of Damascus was gener- { In the past men have justified re- ous and kindly, and he proved a brave ligious intolerance and persecution by and faithful ally of the good Jehosh- an appeal to Elijah's order that the aphat, king of Judah, whose on mar- priests of Baal should all be slaugh- ried Ahab's daughter. The evil infiu- tered. That was an unenlightened ence in Ahab's life was the clever and view of our Christian faith. Tet us unscrupulous princess, Jezebel, daugh- quote Farrar again: "Far wiser is the ter of the king of Sidon, whom he humble minister .iii 'Oisl Mortality, married, and for whose god Baal he when he withstood 'Balfour of Bur - built a temple of Samaria, 16:29-33. • leigh, in the decision to put to the Mount Carmel was a high promon- i sword all the inhabitants of Tillie - tory, or spur, of the central mountain tudlem Castle." "By what law," asks range, some distance north of Sa- Henry Morton, "would you justify the maria, which extended westward and atrocity that thou would commit?" overlooked the sea. Its sides were "If thou art ignorant or: it," said Bal - clothed with vineyards which gave to' four, "thy companion is well aware of it its name. Here it was that the the law which gave the men of Jer- king called a great assemblage of the : icho to the Sword of Joshua, the son people of Israel. I of Nun." "Yes," answered the divine, V. 21. Elijah,•. a roan of Gilead, had "but we live under a better disposi- appeared as the leader of the pro- tion, which instructeth us to retur1... phets of Jehovah in their protest. good for evil, and to pray for Ilse against the bringing in by. Jezebel of I who despitefully time us and perse- her god Baal and goddess Ashtoreth, cute us." II THE SWEET PEA 11 There are good and better ways of growing sweet peas. Poorness of soil and too thick planting are amongst the chief causes of unsatisfactory re- sults. Sweet peas cannot succeed in the shade of trees or on the north. side of buildings. They seldom do well if trained against walls, but must have light and air on both- sides, although a wire boundary fence inay wellbe used as a support. Soils.—Sweet peas like a good, deep, rich soil. If it is poor, dig in plenty ofgood, well -rotted manure. The done then it will be in prime condition for cultivation in.the spring, the frost' during the winter mellowing the' soil and making it in a good form for working. If not done in the fall, it should be done at the first opportun- ity in the spring, as soon as 'the. soil is dry enough, so that it will not stick in working. Cultivation.—Before 'sowing, culti- vate ulti-vate the soil _well with the hoe and thin to a foot apart and find that it pays to do so. A strong plant given this amount of space will throw out lateral branches sufficiently strong to make a fairly heavy row, and each branch will bear a crop of bloom. age may go even .further and cut away ,_ some of the. laterals as tomato plants are pruned. Cutworm. are'very clp- structive and the usual poisoned lex should be used to keep them in check, Supports. --It is generally consider- ed that brush cut from the bush, about five feet long with plenty of twigs left, is the best support. Stick them in the ground cm each side of the peaa, pressing the tops of the brush t ail into each other. As this Home Education form of support is not always avail- I� best time to da this is in the fall. If able, woven chicken.' wire, .twine or , r._ „ string may be used. "The Child. First School to the-Famliy' FroobaL How to get fine flowerswith long- stems.—Cultivate ongstems.-Cultivate well. during the Teaching Children to be Truthful by Example BY HELEN GREGG GREEN. Dropping in at my neighbor's next door, I found' a worried mother and a tearful little girl. "Why,' Babette, what's wrong?" 1 asked the child. - "Mother just punished ane' for fib- bin'," sobbed Babbette. ."For lying, Babette" frowned the mother. l began. e Oh mother I Dilly—" Leoarx. the child. "Why—why—" and she blushed scarlet, looking at me as if for help. But I was tongue-tied, and greatly embarrassed for the mother. Sudden- ly- the tears starteddown her cheeks. "Why, Babette, dear, Mother is ashamed'!' I . never thought of this ;be- fore. ' Why, how could I expect my little girl to be truthful when Moth- er's'so untruthful herself? To think I've set 'such, an example' fol nay "Don't argue with : me, Babette!" child." ordered the mother. "Runout and " "Why didn't I understand?" she play! But remember, never lie to said thoughtfully. Mother again!" Yes, wily didn't :she think? ` A few days later Babette told me 1)o not parents know, that children her mother was not well, so I called are very impressionable and are eas- to see if I might help, in any way. ily influenced by the right kind •of While we were chatting, and Ba- example; and by inculcating proper bette was playing with her dolls on the floor, we heard a knock at the door. "Teresa!" called Babette's mother to the . -maid,. "If those are callers, tell them I'm not at'home." obe -ed. Teresay, Babette stopped dressingher dolls RPe, and scurried to her mother. "Why,Mother!" she said, "whyis it you; tell me not to lie when you do it yourself?".:, The another looked. amazed. i ideas and ideals? Yes,.there's no doubt about it, par- ents :must learn to think. A young bride recently told me' that as a,'child elle thought her moth er .absolutely incapable' of telling an untruth. And to her know edge she never did. A beautiful example,and a beaiitl ful record. Parents usually aelear infallible. in their children's eyes.` And that is" ss it should he.` growing season. This is done by stir- ring with the hoe eighteen inches on each side of the peas. Always reel the soil loose on the surface as .this; 'helps to keep it from drying out, which is important, especially in.dry seasons. Peas always make tlhe`est growth when the soil is moderately garden rake until it is in good form moist and the weather warm.. ,lax - for seeding. Get . a garden line of a tremely hot or extremely lyra weather length to cover the roar; one .wishes often spoils the bloom. If water is to sow, and, stretching it tightly close handy during a hot spell, it is a good to the ground, draw out a trench with plan to water them- about twice a the hoe to about two or .three inches week cithei .In the evening or in the deep, beside the line: early morning: This should be done Seeding. :Sow the seeds about two thoroughly as a more sin -inkling inches apart, and, if ; there is any more harm than good. Another plan doubt about the seed not being good, some growers of sweet peas have foie sow a little more thickly in case some lowed to advantage during hot weath- of 'the seeds, do not ;germinate. After er is to spread litter of strati': zea - sowing the seeds, cover them with the pure, or hay, tvio or three inches soil • which formed the ridge on each thick on each side of the peas. rr:ie -side of the trench. Do this with the is to help keep the moisture in the back of the rake and soi • the- ground. It also saves a tot of work. pressl down firmly. Cutty+ig.— Always cut the:leas Th.iititing Out—When the seeds when they are' fully developed, i.e., have germinated and sprouted when all the_ buds on the sten are the i. through soil,aboitt two ar� three open. Pleven rz1_,lo'w the seed pods to inches, thin them;, form, e • sti , to about: fid,, ..iehesi,and by crating frequently apart, picking out the weakest plants better• crop of flowers is procured. In and haying, as nearly as possible the cool of fire. evening or early' me D. ••a that are time, .s thcr... ih...., strongest: For eshs- ir_g is the best dine to cut the fioare+., ;bil•yoix l,roem fortlie ��nnincr shows as -it i;s,iiticli,�•inore pleasant work at '. I of horticultural societies or the later that time aiicl tine` flower stems arc fail fairs the pea plants require even firmer ---0ntniio .IIo:iticulttirnl :Atiac iriere space.. Sane regular exhibitors eiStion .:.